indonesia's vice president says the number of people killed by friday's earthquake and tsunami could be higher than 400 and could rise to thousands. rescuers have yet to reach the neighbouring coastal district of donggala, which is home to 300,000 people. elon musk has agreed to stand down as chairman of the electric car—maker tesla and pay a twenty million dollarfine. the case stems from a tweet in which he said he wanted to take the company back into private hands. a woman in the far east of russia has told the bbc she recognises one of the key suspects in the salisbury novichok attack as a decorated military officer. the bbc travelled to a village east of moscow where he grew up to verify research carried out by the bellingcat investigative website. theresa may has arrived in birmingham

for the conservative party conference, which has experienced technical difficulties before it's even begun. contact details including mobile numbers of hundreds of their mps and journalists were accidentally made accessible on their conference app — a problem which was later fixed. 0ur political correspondent ben wright is in birmingham. this conference began with a pretty serious security blunder. anybody logging into the conference app had access to an mp's phone number, if they knew what their email address was. this glitch was fixed pretty quickly and the party had to apologise. a bad start to a party conference which i think will be completely dominated by brexit. many tories hate theresa may's so—called chequers plan and in the sunday times tomorrow, former foreign secretary boris johnson calls it a "deranged plan" and questions her commitment to brexit. theresa may's allies are fighting back, and on the eve of this

conference ijoined one brexiteer cabinet minister, andrea leadsom, as she tried to drum up support for the chequers plan among the party's and grassroots. i am fully backing this proposal. selling the prime minister's brexit plan, known as chequers, to conservative party members in leicester last night. it removes the need for infrastructure at the border between ireland and northern ireland, and it enables us to continue to trade in goods with the european union without friction. andrea leadsom backed leave in the referendum, now sits in the cabinet, and spent an hourfielding questions and concerns from the tory grassroots. at what point do we decide to go forward with no deal? there's a lot of uncertainty in business at the moment and we really do need to know where we're going and what we can plan for. why are people saying the canada deal is better than the deal we have on the table? we will abide by... the chequers plan for trading with the eu after brexit has been rubbished by brexiteers

like borisjohnson and criticised by the eu. the reality is we are now running out of time. we have put forward a workable proposal that works for the uk and for the eu, and they need to take it very seriously. but the splits in the tory party are quite clear, aren't they, and will be evident in birmingham? there are very strong opposing views, there's no doubt about that, but in the end we all need to act in the interests of the country. we do need a good brexit deal. we need to push the eu to give us that and not waste our arguments with each other but actually have those arguments legitimately with the commission. the arguments that will play out here are about much more than tory party bickering and positioning. they are about the sort of country we'll be for years to come. the prime minister comes to birmingham clutching onto her chequers plan, hoping the eu and then parliament will swing behind it. but first, she needs to rally her party. is it a tough week ahead, prime minister?

ben wright, bbc news, at the conservative party conference, in birmingham. now on bbc news, it's time for witness. hello and welcome to witness. in this programme we will hear from five witnesses about their involvement in extraordinary moments in 20th century history. we will hear one woman's recollection of operation market garden, the allies attempt to take holland using pa ratroopers at the end of the second world war. head to russia for a story about the soviet union's efforts to ban booze, find out about the murder of anti—apartheid campaigner

steve biko, and hearfrom a former prisoner of war who built the bridge over the river kwai at the end of the second world war. but we start with an individual who created one of the world's most widely used fitness programmes, couch to 5k. in 1996 to get over a bad relationship break—up josh clark started running. after a few weeks, having caught the bug, he decided to create a plan to help get other people running and he put it on his website. little did he know where it would take him. i had never had particular success with this. i always thought it was for someone else, but when i would go to a gym or try running, i was met with defeat. i guess that is not for me, i am not that kind of person. in my early 20s i had a bad break—up and in that moment i had

a lot of excess energy and ijust started running. it was something i had never enjoyed and i didn't enjoy it then. i remember putting on my shoes and going out the door and instantly thinking, why am i doing this? after running for a few weeks the discomfort of it and the pain and the slowness all sort of faded away and i began to realise this was something that could actually feel really good and rewarding. meditative even. part of what i created in that period was a schedule called couch to 5k which was intended to help people who had never gone running before to start running. one of the things i really wanted to do was basically figure out how do you avoid the painful, dreary horrible ramp up that i went

through, the idea that you have to go through a wall of discomfort in order to start running. i had a theory that maybe you could do it in a gentler way, in a way that you could see some of those rewards of running much sooner. and so i wrote couch to 5k with that in mind, of how do you gradually start jogging from zero and become a runner in nine weeks? but i had what turned out to be a really lucky instinct about how this stuff works, but interval training, where basically you run for 60 seconds and then walk for 90 seconds. as it turns out that is actually there is a lot of science behind that to show how that works for introducing new kind of stress and ability into the body. at the same time i was creating a website, so i was telling everybody.

i was telling my friends, my family, strangers on the internet about how to run, the things i have learned about running and the benefits of it. but i have to say it wasn't until really the mid—2000s that suddenly the thing began to blow up. i created some community forums for this website and that started to grow people, so it wasn't necessarily the schedule that grew, it was the community that grew around the programme and that grew kind of outside of me. i think it continues to. at this point there are many, many communities of couch to 5k around the world. i don't have hard numbers for how many people have used couch to 5k, but i estimate it has to be into the millions or tens of millions from nearly every country. you know, anybody can run. we do it all the time as kids. we used to run untiljust the point of exhaustion, laughing the whole time.

you can recapture that spirit. that ability is within almost all of us. i'm still trying to get my wife and our daughter to be runners but i'm working on that. i am working on them. our next film takes us back to 191m and the second world war. the allies wanted to speed up the end of the conflict through 0peration market garden. a paratroop drop into holland. the final objective was a bridge in arnhem where a young woman watched the parachute coming down. now in her 90s, she recalls those terrifying few days. voiceover: it was to clear a corridor of a dutch river, over 1000 troop carriers and 500 others took part in this, the greatest airborne operation ever undertaken. it looked like falling stars or something. all black, the things in the air.

altogether 4600 aircraft were involved in the action. altogether 10,000 men of the first british airborne division the red devils... we were excited of course. we thought we would be freed. it was a very difficult time in the netherlands. we hated them, from the moment we saw them. my brother was taken prisoner by the germans

and they took him to germany. my father had to go away and the germans wanted to jail him too. we had not much food any more. they took our home, or normal life was absolutely devastated. the allied plan was that the paras would take the bridges in arnhem and the second army would come and help them and so they would make another attack on germany from arnhem. never before had troops been landed openly so far behind enemy lines. never before had a daylight landing on this scale been attempted. we could hear the fighting, sometimes it was very near to us. you couldn't go out. there was too much shooting. thank god we had enough provision for six people. more in the cellar than

upstairs i must say. we were so hopeful that we would be freed. we started to worry after three days already, some of the noise and shooting went far away. the second army failed to come over the river. everybody did their best but the germans fought like lions, i must say. of the 10,000 men who landed, more than 7500 were taken prisoner or lost their lives. less than one quarter came back in safety over the river after nine of the most gallant and exhausting days of the war. after the fighting failed, we had to leave the city and we didn't know where to go. we had to take what we had with us, because on the signs it says "leave arnhem

and if you are still there at four o'clock in the afternoon you will be shot." many years i was too busy to think about that. now i am living here all alone and there is more time to think. i put all these happenings in a little book for my grandchildren. my great—grandchildren. it is good that my family and children know how terrible it was, what we went through. an extraordinary moment in history. after nelson mandela was jailed, a man called steve biko emerged as one of the key leaders in the anti—apartheid movement in south africa. in 1977 he was picked up by the police and thrown into jail. three weeks later he was dead. in this moving film his friend peterjones, who was arrested at the same time, back at the events surrounding his friends death. i miss my friend steve biko and i am

forever in his debt. steve biko is one of the people that originated the new generation of young political minded black people. the black consciousness movement. we believe that in our country, those people will have the same status before the law and they will have the same political rights before the law. the apartheid government ensured that there was no resistance against its doctrines and against its policies. there was a roadblock and they then searched the car. they found an identity document which was mine. they then said who is peterjones? i said that was me.

they said oh, and who are you, big man? is that steve? he said, i am steve biko. we were locked up together in one cell. the next morning we started getting an uneasy feeling because there were now more police and in a convoy of three cars we sped towards port elizabeth. in port elizabeth was the headquarters of the security police for that region. the building has been converted into a block of flats. steve biko was being brought to his death along this very corridor, and the man poised to fill the void left behind after mandela wasjailed. we were taken up to the fifth floor and we were manacled each to a separate window. one of the senior police, a major, came in and said, now i can confirm that you are officially being detained under section six of the terrorism act. that is the act in which you

literally disappear. they separated us. i can only had a chance to shout steve's name and that was the last time i saw steve alive. three weeks and three days later i had just heard a lot of commotion. many, many people singing protest songs, the cell next to mine was being filled with many people. then young men told me that they have just returned from the funeral of steve biko. and that was the first time i heard about the death of steve biko. i went to my mat that was my bed and i just sat there. with... to me it was like a huge hole in my soul, just an inconsolability which even today would make me weep at unexpected moments. the police said the leader of the black consciousness movement to me it was like a huge hole

in my soul, just an inconsolability which even today would make me weep at unexpected moments. the police said the leader of the black consciousness movement had lost his life by accident when his head struck a wall when he was being restrained. steve biko's family believe he was thrown at the wall quite deliberately by the police officers. steve biko's death and the brutality of it highlighted like no other event at the time the extent to which the apartheid regime would go to protect itself. remember, you can watch witness every month on the bbc news channel

or you can catch up on all our films along with more than 1000 radio programmes. just go to the online archive. now, a former british prisoner of war describes how he survived sickness, starvation and brutality as the japanese forced allied prisoners to build a railway bridge over the river kwai over the second world war. it looks like an ordinary bridge but the past makes it a symbol of the suffering of human heroism. the japanese wanted to build this railway through thailand up 700 miles to jungle, through rocks and we were the means. we left civilisation and entered another world,

for almost four years as it turned out in the end. at that time they hated the people that did that for them. in fact if you had a rifle you would have shot the lot. i was in place called tamacan where we built the bridge over the river kwai. i was in place called tamacan where we built the bridge over the river kwai. we would be on these chanting,

japanese up to ten. you would do that all the time then. wacked with malaria and dysentery, tropical ulcers and dying of cholera, two starving prisoners dragged themselves each day from the camps to under the burning sun. if they fight for a moment there would be guards, for many death was happy release. i had dirt, splinters from these in my leg. the scar started to break down. it would turn into a big ulcer. major arthur moon of the australian medics put me on a bamboo table and without anaesthetic he cut

up my leg and he pulled out a great big tendon. and of course that saved my life. a man on the one next to me, he was covered with these ulcers, terrible he was. he was delirious and he was full of maggots. i remember him dying next to me. i can see the flies coming out of his mouth then. the whole length was built in the incredible time of only 14 months. every mile of the railway cost 400 human lives. every fourth sleeper represents the death of a man. of the allied prisoners more than 16,000 died, but the asians no one knows for certain but the estimate is nearly 100,000 dead. you never give up because

you want to survive, it was as simple as that. you always had in the back of your mind that sometime you would be free. for our final story we head to the soviet union in 1985. worried about the effects of alcoholism the communist authorities brought down restrictions on the sale of alcohol. however within a few years the soviet economy had begun to fall apart. and so had the alcohol ban. witness talks to alexander sutko, a former communist advisor. there used to be just one image of the soviet worker and this was it. young, efficient and above all sober. but now there is another.

0ther sleep and halfway to dipsomania. translation: a quarter of all workers would have a glass of vodka before going to work. this was widespread among our working class. the russians call alcohol the green snake and opening time the hour of the wolf. but the two together and the results can be disastrous. translation: i saw clearly that in a country where a quarter of all workers are alcoholics this country survives by killing its own people. that was very clear to me. the state makes billions in alcohol tax as the state has ordered its people to sober up. translation: as someone who spoke to gorbachev often i can tell that he didn't understand what the ussr was about. of all the soviet freedoms,

only one was always there. the freedom to drink. all russians love vodka. for years ambulances have patrolled city streets taking people to special drying out centres. but medical facilities are now to be improved. the authorities say they will fight this ugly phenomenon in and remove it from soviet life. translation: as part of the campaign, alcohol sales were limited to the period from 2pm to 7pm. many wine shops were closed and most importantly only one bottle of vodka was sold per person. so if you had a birthday party you had to show your passport to prove that it was really your birthday. by about 1988, 1989, it became clear that the campaign was damaging. the soviet system simply collapsed. millions of people lost theirjobs. in the soviet days, if a worker had a drink before going to work, at least there was some restraint

on him in the workplace. with the collapse of the ussr there were no social structures any more and the alcoholic had nothing holding him back. gorbachev didn't understand that. the soviet system simply collapsed. millions of people lost theirjobs. in the soviet days, if a worker had a drink before going to work, at least there was some restraint on him in the workplace. with the collapse of the ussr there were no social structures any more and the alcoholic had nothing holding him back. gorbachev didn't understand that. that is all from witness this month

here at the british library. we will be back next month with more first—hand accounts of extraordinary moments in history. but now, from me and the rest of the witness team, goodbye. hello there. yesterday was a quiet day of weather here in the uk but what a contrast across the east of the mediterranean where we had this — the medicane. it brought torrential rain in across southern greece in the peloponnese with some localised flooding. the rough seas causing a few light boats to be pushed onshore and one or two capsized in the rough seas.

we've had all kinds of weather impacts. here in the uk, a beautiful end to the day yesterday. crazy swan lady capturing the sunset. we will probably have a similar, fine sunrise to start the day. particularly across the midlands, east anglia and south—east england. that's where the clearest skies are. further north and west, it stays quite blustery. a few showers to start the day for the far north and west of scotland. the combination of clear skies and light winds across the south—east it's here where temperatures will really dip down. a cold start for the early risers. temperatures around two or three degrees celsius. through sunday, we do have a weather front on the pressure charts. it's a very weak one pushing in across northern england and wales. behind the front, the air is cool. temperatures are perhaps a degree down on what we saw on saturday. it will feel cooler due to the strength of the wind across scotland where there will be plenty of blustery showers. through the day, for northern ireland, england and wales, the cloud will tend to come and go. there will be some bright or sunny spells, probably not as much sunshine as we enjoyed on saturday but not a bad kind of day. a few showers brought

on the north—westerly winds. running onto the north coast of northern ireland, perhaps a few sneaking across the isle of man into the north—west of england and the north of wales. otherwise, a fine and dry day. temperatures for many between 12 and 15. as we look at the forecast through the night time, a ridge of high pressure builds in and that is how we start the day on monday. it means it will be at chilly start to the day. we could have pockets of frost in the coldest areas in the countryside, but a fair bit of sunshine. however, the weather clouds over. we will start to see some rain arriving in scotland, particularly for the western isles, the highlands and the northern isles as we go through the latter part of the day. perhaps a little rain running onto the north coast of northern ireland. still, mainly dry day in northern ireland, england and wales. temperatures, for many, between 12 and 15 degrees. looking at the forecast deeper into the week ahead, northern areas often quite cloudy. a bit of rain at times, particularly in the north—west. it will stay quite breezy as well. temperatures in glasgow generally around 11—14 degrees. perhaps a bit of rain in manchester but by and large, england and wales having a lot of dry weather, but it will often be pretty cloudy. that is your forecast. good morning, welcome to breakfast

with sally nugent and rogerjohnson. 0ur headlines today: devastation in indonesia as strong aftershocks continue to hit amid fears thousands of people may have died after the earthquake and tsunami. 0n the opening day of the conservative conference, theresa may accuses critics of her brexit plan of "playing politics" with britain's future. a woman in the far east of russia tells the bbc she recognises one of the key suspects in the salisbury attack as a military intelligence officer. good morning.

can team—work make the dream work? after another great day for europe at the ryder cup, they take a 10—6 lead over the united states into the final day's singles. another chilly start