today at five: russian spies are accused of mounting cyber attacks on high profile organisations — including the global chemical weapons watchdog. dutch security services expelled four russian agents who were caught trying to hack the organisation for the prohibition of chemical weapons in the hague. a car packed with electronic equipment was found outside the organisation at the time it was examining the nerve agent used on the skripals in salisbury. if anyone had any questions in their mind about russian military involvement in the salisbury attacks, this will put to rest those doubts. the us has also charged a number of russian military intelligence officers with hacking. we'll be talking to the foreign office minister sir alan duncan. the other main stories on bbc news at 5: for the first time under the modern slavery act a drug dealer who trafficked children to sell heroin and crack cocaine is jailed for m years.

leading democrats criticise the fbi report into supreme court nominee brett kavanaugh — but republicans say they found "no hint of misconduct". in advance of major climate change report, we're in vietnam where millions of people live just above sea level. even a small rise could be devastating, which is why vietnam and dozens of other countries facing the same threat want to see global warming ltd as much as possible. and on the biggest publishing day of the year, we speak to romesh ranganathan about his new autobiography, and the battle to be the christmas best—seller. it's 5 o'clock.

russian spies have been accused of carrying out a number of cyber attacks on high—profile organisations — including the international chemical weapons watchdog in the hague. dutch authorities say it happened in april, at the time the organisation for the prohibition of chemical weapons was investigating the nerve agent attack in salisbury on sergei skripal and his daughter yulia. the dutch authorities say four russian agents were expelled in april — britain says the men were from russia's gru military intelligence, trying to "clean up the mess" it had made in salisbury. photographs shown at a news conference in the netherlands this morning show the car they used to try to hack the chemical weapons watchdog, containing wifi and technical equipment in its boot. the usjustice department has now charged

seven russian agents it's accused of targeting the opcw, anti—doping agencies and an american nuclearfirm. russia has dismissed the allegations as "western spy mania". this report from naomi grimley. it is seven months since the first chemical attack in europe since the second world war, and even now another extraordinary twist. did russia's military intelligence outfit not only send the would—be assassins, but also send a team to spy on the body that tested samples of the nerve agent? today the dutch authorities say they caught russian agents red—handed, trying to snoop on the organisation. on the 13th of april this year, an operation to disrupt an operation targeting the organisation for the prohibition

of chemical weapons. the opcw. four russian agents were discovered in a car near this building with laptops, antennae and multiple mobile phones. they were trying to get into the opcw wifi network. they had taxi receipts showing that they had travelled from gru to moscow airport, and other hacking attacks around the world. the intelligence office believes it knows exactly what was happening. this was not an isolated act. the unit involved, known in the russian military as unit 26165 has sent officers around the world to conduct close access cyber operations. we will increase further our understanding of what the gru is doing and attempting

to do in our countries. we will shine a light on their activities. we will expose their methods and we will share this with our allies. the russian agents were expelled unceremoniously from dutch soil but today they were named and ministers in the uk say the evidence is compelling. if anyone had any questions in their mind about any russian military involvement in the salisbury attacks, this will put to rest those doubts. here you have evidence of the russian military launching a cyber attack on the international organisation in the netherlands set up to investigate those attacks, and why would you do that if you weren't the guilty party? in washington, the department of justice announced it was indicting a group

of seven russian agents who it claims targeted the world anti—doping agency organisation. hacking to obtain personal health information about athletes and others in the files of anti—doping agencies and sporting federations in multiple countries, and releasing that information selectively and sometimes misleadingly. all of this was done to undermine efforts to ensure the integrity of the olympics and other games. the uk has also compiled a list of other cyber attacks which it says were not the actions of lone maverick groups but rather the product of russia's intelligence machine. they include a cyber attack on the metro in kiev and hacking of us democratic party in 2016. moscow laughs at the allegations. it is some kind of diabolical

perfume cocktail. who is inventing all of this? it has no boundaries. i would like to look at these people. yesterday president putin thumbed his nose at britain again by calling the main target of the salisbury attack a scumbag. today the uk allies have hit back, listing all the ways by which they believe mr putin is using his secret state to disrupt and meddle in the affairs of the west. the foreign office minister sir alan duncan is in our westminster studio for us now. good evening. he was due to take part in that news conference but had his flight to the netherlands disrupted by fog. in terms of what the public road, the scale of evidence and the detail is quite extraordinary. but what happens now? you are quite

right. the weather got the better of me this morning which is a pity as we had long planned this. you are right about the detail. the thing that happens next is we will do this in ourown time, that happens next is we will do this in our own time, one step at a time. i think we shouldn't leap so quickly over the first step. your thorough report itemised the detail that has been assembled, but it shows beyond doubt that this is a conference with series not just of doubt that this is a conference with series notjust of hacks but also cyber attacks. it doesn'tjust affect one country, it affects lots of countries and at this press conference today at included the netherlands, switzerland and malaysia. so the first step is to make the world realise, as they initially did after the novichok attack but no further after this that the malign activity of russia is utterly unacceptable, it violates international treaties and

conventions and could affect anybody. novichok could have happened in france or spain or germany. so we really need everybody to appreciate what russia is up to and then i think collectively it will be easier to take steps such as further sanctions, but they do take time to piece together because they are inevitably a collective endeavour which requires negotiation but also proper legal targeting of anyone or any activity that might be sanctioned. you say you need everyone to realise, everyone to understand, but are you talking about some governments? because the layperson, members of the public watching this, the vast majority you would assume would not be in much doubt. what are you saying still needs to be done because i just felt like a you saying still needs to be done because ijust felt like a layperson watching this would say, what does one do about it? we've seen the russian reaction. what does the government do? you have put the finger on the perpetual

challenge of diplomacy. if you try to get a group together to agree unanimously and maybe one country with particular interests has concerns about coming on board. that is kind of thing we are forever having to the associate. it is what happens in the united nations and the european union. there are sanctions there already and i think they are biting. the russian economy isa they are biting. the russian economy is a third the size of ours and they are not properly looking after their citizens. they have got domestic pressure about an attempt to raise the pension age because they are running out of money and things are already going on in this hidden totalitarian state of modern russia. the first thing we must appreciate is the serious threat they pose to the wider world and the fact also that cyber is the new frontier of defence, which all countries need to ensure they put sufficient resources into and the dutch today have been brilliant in their intelligence work and we are very pleased to have

worked closely with them on this investigation. and i think the inclusion and the evidence are 100% compelling. tom watson the labour deputy leader has written to the foreign secretary asking whether there was russian interference in uk elections, with particular reference to the eu referendum. he says there should be an enquiry, given everything that was outlined in the netherlands. do you think that is a valid request? i don't think it is something we can a nswer i don't think it is something we can answer at the drop of a hat. we all have concerns about russian interference. there is no doubt they interfered in the elections in montenegrin. it depends what interference means, in a sense. certainly there is clear and increasingly public evidence of russian interference on social media, with lots of russian factory bots trying to defy opinion. tom

grundy what he wants. the message from us is we are on our guard. —— tom can do what he wants. we have to make sure that our cyber defences are strong, which is why we have a dedicated and well resourced cyber capability and we are all going to have to be on our guard. those that think elsewhere in the world perhaps you think they don't have to do anything about this might live to regret it. there are other countries who may not be as robust in their attitude as britain and those who are taking pa rt as britain and those who are taking part in the news conference today. is that what you mean? countries can be victims and they may not have the resources to see off the scale of the threat that comes in and disrupts their elections and possibly their infrastructure. there are many, many levels on which this cyber threat exists. on one level it can be just getting into people's bank accounts. we all kept our passwords, i hope. it can be about disabling a bank or

shutting down a power station or making a mess of all of the computer softwa re making a mess of all of the computer software of a company or an organisation. so there are many, many threats that now exist and we have to be equipped to see off those who will use cyber threats in such a malign, destructive and absolutely unacceptable way. thank you very much. a man has been sentenced to 14 years in prison for trafficking children into selling crack cocaine and heroin for him. it's the first time that police have secured child trafficking convictions under the 2015 modern slavery act. zakaria mohammed from birmingham admitted running a county line drugs network, in which children as young as 14 were groomed and trafficked into dealing from a drugs den in lincoln. sima kotecha reports. the 6th of april. 21—year—old, zakaria mohammed,

was arrested on his way into lincoln. it was from there that his drug operation took place. he admitted supplying heroin and crack cocaine and trafficking children to deal on his behalf. mohammed groomed teenagers, some as young as 14, into working for him, offering them a lavish lifestyle and then treating them like slaves. here they are seen selling drugs. he befriended these children, grooming them, with one end in mind— to exploit them. he didn't see them as individuals, he saw them as a commodity. he didn't recognise their humanity. they were there to be exploited to extend his business. police were led to him after children from birmingham were reported missing. the teenagers were found holed up in a flat in lincoln. officers then identified a car making regular trips from birmingham to lincoln, and that car was traced back to mohammed. links were made between him

and the drugs network. he was filmed buying tickets for the children from here at birmingham new street station to lincoln, where he made them live in the most appalling conditions. some of the missing teenagers were discovered during a police raid. inside the flat, no heating, no food. instead, 25 wraps of heroin and crack cocaine and a pile of cash. now they've been reunited with their families but it's likely their living nightmare will take a long time to fade. the headlines on bbc news... russian spies are accused by the netherlands, the uk and the us of mounting a series of cyber attacks on high profile organisations — including the global chemical weapons watchdog.

in a landmark ruling, a drug dealer who trafficked children to sell heroin and crack cocaine through his county lines narcotics network — has been jailed for 14 years. leading us senators have disagreed about the conclusion of the fbi's report into allegations against supreme court nominee brett kavanaugh — democrats believe it's incomplete, republicans say there was no hint of misconduct. bought gareth southgate signed a new contract for england until 2022. and he promptly names, this man, a very young squad. the forward is the first player to be called up by england who was born this century. and kirsty gordon is one of three uncapped players named in the england squad for the women's world t20. lindsay smith and sophia

dunkley are also included in the tournament next month in the caribbean. more on those stories at about 5:30pm. senators in the united states are studying an fbi report into allegations of sexual misconduct against brett kavanaugh, president trump's nominee for the supreme court. senior republicans say there is nothing new in the allegations against him but senior democrats say the report looks like it is incomplete and should be made public. our correspondent gary o'donoghue is in washington. at what point exactly are we? how long have they had this report and what happens now? talk us through it. this is the endgame, there is no doubt about that. the next 2a, 48 or endgame, there is no doubt about that. the next 24, 48 or 72 hours we will see this thing come to a conclusion and effectively over the fbi enquiry, there is a straight

split along partisan lines. republicans believe it doesn't prove anything in terms of the allegations against kavanaugh, anything in terms of the allegations against kava naugh, democrats anything in terms of the allegations against kavanaugh, democrats say that not nearly enough people were interviewed, the white house tied the hands of the fbi when it issued this demand for the extra enquiry and chuck schumer, the democrat leader in the senate, he disagreed that there was no hint of misconduct in the fbi report itself. we are reiterating our call that the documents with proper redaction be made public. why shouldn't all of america see the facts? and second, we are reiterating our call to make the directive that the white house sent to the fbi public because we believe it greatly constrained the investigation. from the get go. the fa ct investigation. from the get go. the fact that there is only one document

in there for 100 senators is another example of constraining the ability of all senators and the american public to see the whole truth and nothing but. thank you. the key thing is what will those floating voters on the republican side, the senators who have been wavering over this confirmation, what will they do? we've heard from a couple of them. indications, i would say, strong indications that they are reasonably content now. there has not been any evidence found that worked for them to vote against the nomination so i think that means this is close to a done deal. the procedure means there will bea deal. the procedure means there will be a vote in the senate tomorrow, then there will be a period of debate and the confirmation will probably take place late on saturday. kava naugh can probably take place late on saturday. kavanaugh can probably read at least half a sigh of relief. thank you.

hundreds of tonnes of body parts and medical waste from hospitals have not been properly disposed of by a specialist contractor. the department of health says there is no risk to the public, and the material is being stored in secure, refridgerated containers. rules on incineration of waste have limited the amount that can be disposed of and a backlog has built up. this let's get more from our health editor, hugh pym, who's with me now. and this has onlyjust emerged in the last hour or so. explain. people will know nothing, i think, about the rules around this. it has emerged today that the environment agency informed the government at the end ofjuly. what has happened it seems that a specialist contractor who had the contract specialist contractor who had the co ntra ct to specialist contractor who had the contract to remove medical waste from a significant number of hospitals. not all but a significant number in england and scotland. was taking the waste to disposal sites

but not incinerating it fast enough so but not incinerating it fast enough so hundreds of tonnes have built up. it is being emphasised that it is being stored securely were appropriate for body parts and anatomical waste in refrigerated units so it is being emphasised by the government there is no risk to the government there is no risk to the public but clearly there is a concern because they should be disposed of in a timely manner. they met with ages last month to build up contingency plans so if this was deemed not appropriate to continue, there would be somewhere else for their waste to be picked up. at the moment the contract is being allowed to carry on under the supervision of the environment agency that there are concerns and government sources have admitted they need to look in future at how these contracts are awarded. and so that seems to be root of the problem, does it? they are saying no risk to the public in any health sense that still, it's pretty distasteful and it suggests that

there are organisational problems. yes, there are rules under which medical waste like this has to be disposed of in a timely fashion. it shouldn't just build up disposed of in a timely fashion. it shouldn'tjust build up in a storage facility, it should be disposed of. that is what is required. the company, we gather, is saying that rules for incineration only allow a certain amount of incineration each day for environmental reasons and they haven't managed to keep up with they haven't managed to keep up with the workload. so the question arises, are there other disposal contractors with this problem as well? ministers are clearly concerned because the cobra security committee met. if this contractor is taken out of the system, where else does this flow of medical waste no? labour asking why parliament was not informed beforehand. is the old system of contracting in this very sensitive area appropriate? thank you very much. almost a week on, the devastation

from the earthquake and tsunami remains startling. homes, hotels and businesses flattened. these rescuers continue to search through what remains of the buildings. but they are finding more bodies, not survivors. teams believe they heard voices coming from the ruins of this hotel. this man is looking for his daughter. translation: we kept shouting her name, "it is me, your dad, with your

brother" but no response, silence. i stayed there even with a couple of after—shocks, i would never give up. people who lost everything in the disaster are now living in makeshift camps relying on charity. and more aid is desperately needed here. what is getting through is only a tiny fraction of what is required. today the disasters emergency committee began an appeal for the 200,000 people in urgent need of help. the dec only launches these appeals when it meets our criteria and the scale is significant, and that's where we are with this emergency. the scale is huge. the member organisations of the dec can save lives and more importantly we know the british public would want to help. that's

why we launched our appeal today. the indonesian military are guarding the aid which arrives here. there has been looting and soldiers have been ordered to shoot at people caught stealing. now there's fears that disease could spread as many bodies still are not buried. the challenge is getting food, water and medical supplies to people before the situation gets any worse. and you can find out more about the appeal on the disasters emergency committee website. women who've used clear and simple pregnancy testing

kits are being advised to visit their chemist, after a small number of tests gave false positive results. more than 58,000 digital pregnancy tests in the uk have been recalled by the manufacturer. hospitality workers, couriers and cab drivers have been carrying out a day of action including strikes in separate disputes over pay and union recognition. staff from several branches of mcdonald's and tgi fridays, as well as couriers from several delivery firms have been taking industrial action. union leaders and labour politicians voiced their support, taking part in a rally in london. it's been almost a year since the bbc‘s blue planet 2 series highlighted the damage plastic is doing to life in our seas and oceans. the programme led to calls for change in the way that food is packaged. in the months since, businesses have been trying to keep up with consumers who now demand more environmentally friendly products, such as straws. here's colletta smith. and this is lovely!

this time last year, sandra and herfamily were doing what most of the country were doing. everyone was talking about blue planet, and we were watching it and we were thinking, you know, there's something we can do here. but unlike the rest of us, sandra and a group of friends decided to take a pretty bold decision. so we said, let's try and go and do this. let's go and get some paper straw machines and try and get rid of the plastic straws out there, that you find on all the beaches, and on the streets, and in the gutters, and all the rest of it, so that's what we did. they became the first paper straw factory to be operational in the uk. we started with one machine. we didn't know how to work it, but now we're at four machines. it's still small—scale at the moment, but these machines are churning out one million straws a week. there's a growing list of orders, as customers in hotels, cafes and pubs are demanding change. we do find that people are deliberately asking to not have the straw in the drink. it's not until we tell

them that we actually do have paper straws that they will accept it anyway. so people are worried about having a plastic straw. have you seen a big change? definitely, i mean it's one of the things where people will make a point of not accepting one in their drink at all, which i suppose is where the effort is coming from both sides, both customer and business. it's kind of organically happening at the same time. with bars, restaurants and cafes all struggling to keep up with customer demand at the moment, if you are given a paper straw, the likelihood is it's going to have been flown in from china, and that raises more questions aboutjust how green it really is. so this is our main warehouse where we pick our main orders. there's been a big change in orders at henry's catering supply company. they now sell more paper straws than plastic ones, but he has to fly them in, as no—one could make enough straws quickly enough here. customers will buy a box of 250 of the plastic straws, they probably pay about 75p to £1

for a box of those. the paper straws are £3 and £4 for a box of 250. still four times the price, three to four times the price of the plastic straw. even companies as big as mcdonald's have now swallowed that extra cost and switched to paper straws, as customers want to feel like they're doing their bit for the environment. colletta smith, bbc news. before we take at the weather prospects, some news coming through from the mobile phone network 02, which says it is aware of an issue with its network. it says it's engineers are investigating as a priority. quite a lot of activity on social media suggesting that some customers are having problems. some, not all. but quite a lot of talk about it and we are hearing that 02

is aware that there is some sort of issue and its engineers are looking into it. that is as much as we have from the mobile phone network at the moment. we will keep you up—to—date. now let's what is happening with the weather. we have seen the weather cheer up over the last few hours. further north and west it is a different story, wet weather pushing into northern ireland and scotland. the rain will clear here as we go through the night but the rain will be slow—moving across northern england and the north of wales as well. temperatures in contrast, mild in the south, but with that a lot of low cloud, mist and fog patches and drizzle. scotland and northern ireland, turning cold and there will be frost in scotland in the countryside by the end of the night. tomorrow, drab and great conditions

across much of england. brightening up across much of england. brightening up with sunshine. sunshine to start the day with scotland and northern ireland but a contrast in temperatures as well as the weather. 22 degrees where we see the sunshine come out across south—east england and east anglia. but in the north, ten, 12 degrees. turning colderfor scotland, northern ireland and the far north of england. this is bbc news. the headlines: russian spies are accused by the netherlands, the uk and the us, of mounting a series of cyber attacks on high profile organisations — including the global chemical weapons watchdog. for the first time under the modern slavery act, a drug dealer who trafficked children to sell heroin and crack cocaine has been jailed for 14 years. leading democrats have criticised the fbi report into supreme court nominee brett kavanaugh — but republicans say they found "no hint of misconduct" british aid agencies have launched an appeal to help victims

of the indonesian earthquake and tsunami. much earthquake and tsunami. more to come in the nex1 an much more to come in the next half an hour but right now we will catch up an hour but right now we will catch up with the sports. here is chris mitchell. good morning evening. a new contract for gareth southgate and a new—look young england squad to mark the occasion. in the 25 players only one was born before 1990. there are no players over 30. and england have theirfirst player born this century in the squad, this man... jadon sancho plays for borussia dortmund — moved from manchester city when he was 17 because he wanted more football. he is getting more football with

germany. doing very well. here's the full squad with average age just under 24 — also another teenager called up for the first time is mason mount on loan at derby from chelsea leicester city's james maddison is called up. you never know with young players what they are capable of until you give them their opportunity. we gave joe gomez a chance against brazil and he was man of the match. it may be early for them but equally i think they have a big impact in important matches. but it is good for their development to train with us for their development to train with us and see how they adapt to that as well. gareth bale has been included in the wales squad for their matches against spain and republic of ireland. he missed real madrid's champions league game this

week through injury. but is one of 25 players named by ryan giggs. joe ledley misses out because of injury. and his withdrawal means there are two changes overall with tom lockyer also ruled out. george thomas and jazz richards come in. i think every player's motivation will be high. they are playing for their country first and foremost. it isa their country first and foremost. it is a chance to test yourself and it is a chance to test yourself and it is at the millennium, which is a different stadium. so in regards to that, i think all the players, and with gareth playing in spain, will be added motivation for him as well. cristiano ronaldo has been left out of the portugal squad for next week's internationals against poland and scotland. the juventus forward hasn't played for his country since the world cup after being asked to be rested for portugal's games in september. on wednesday he denied an allegation that he raped kathryn mayorga

in 2009 in las vegas. the former real madrid and manchester united player is his country's record goal—scorer. after defeat last night for spurs and liverpool in the champions league attention later today moves to the europa league. and the four british sides are split over the two kick off times. celtic and arsenal start early against the champions of austria and azerbaijan respectively... while chelsea play vidi the hungarian league winners. and rangers take on rapid vienna. those two are the later kick offs. england's men have arrived in sri lanka ahead of theirfirst one day warm up match on friday... it's just over three weeks since the fifth test against india finished at the oval. jonny bairstow — who plays for the test and one day side — has played 91 days of international cricket since first september last year, raising concerns in some

quarters about the workload of the modern player.. you have got to take a step back, ta ke you have got to take a step back, take a step away and come back refreshed and excited about playing cricket. that is what we had to do over the last two weeks. coming after the tour in sri lanka with the heat and the conditions, it will be mentally and physically tough and coming into it fresh and excited about it, is the main thing. catherine downes will be back with you at 630 p:m.. rising sea levels, punishing droughts and life—threatening heatwaves — these are the potential impacts of global warming. the world has taken action, agreeing to limit the rise in average temperatures to degrees. but now un climate scientists think that might not be enough, and that a limit of one and a half degrees may be safer. many of the world's most vulnerable countries say that's essential to save them. one of those is vietnam. from there, our science editor david shukman reports. the painful sight of homes lost to the waves. the land here in econ d

is sinking and at the same time, the ce is rising. it's notjust houses being destroyed, farmland is vanishing as well. these farmers saw their fields slipped underwater. they are worried it will never be possible to hold back the sea. climate change is getting worse, says this man. and the water level is rising so fast, we don't have time to build the fences. the threat is felt throughout this region. in this city, we found a flood barrier half finished. homes behind it keep getting flooded. there are 18 million people living in this region and they are onlyjust million people living in this region and they are only just above million people living in this region and they are onlyjust above the level of the sea, so even a small rise could be devastating, which is why vietnam and dozens of other countries facing the same threat, wa nt to countries facing the same threat, want to see global warming limited as much as possible. over the centuries, floods have been

positive, bringing natural fertilisers to the paddy fields, helping to make this region one of the world's great rice producers. but the rising ocean means sea water is now pushing inland and the salt is now pushing inland and the salt is poisoning the soil. a local scientist, has developed a simple test for farmers to check if the water is too salty. the salt water here, it is flooding. it is very salty? so you cannot grow any rice in there? we cannot grow rice. many parts of the delta have given up with rice. this farmer has switched to hate, which is more tolerant of salt. the days of rice, a vital source of food, may actually be over, according to the un's head of agriculture here. this is all under threat, the rice production is under

threat. 80% of the rise that comes from this region goes into export so it is and emma conic —— economic risk of vietnam. what does this mean for the future? this primary school was swamped by the rivers beside it. this researcher came to find out what the children think. this researcher came to find out what the children thinklj this researcher came to find out what the children think. i am really interested in what it is like in the flood season. so could you all close your eyes and i want you to really think about being in the flood season. this little boy has something shocking on his mind. scream out to help. florence then asks the children to draw pictures of flooding and they conjure up nightmare images of houses being washed away and hands reaching above the water. this ten—year—old sketches a girl in a boat, shouting for help.

translation: i think the flood is so scary and i hope we will not be swept away. this little girl has pictured a giant snake. the snake can live underwater and is very dangerous so it makes me think about the flood. the hope is, encouraging this openness about flooding will prepare the children for the more hostile climate they are more likely to face as adults. they live in waterworld and that will only increase. the water is not going away, they need to learn to adapt and whether that be through education like this, a community group, that resilience really needs to be built up. back at the coast, work on new sea defences. scientists used to think there was a safe limit for global warming of 2 degrees, but now they say we need a lower target to avoid serious damage to countries like this. we are about to get a major report on how to do that.

sir david king is with me, former chief scientific advisor under both tony blair and gordon brown. very good to see you. just a thought about vietnam, first of all. when we say climate change, we think about temperatures and flooding. it is so fundamental, it is food? it is food and it is important to understand the delta region has the biggest rice paddy fields in the world and the rice paddy fields in indonesia are also at risk from flooding. once they are solid native, you will not grow rice that again. rising temperatures in china could destroy china's ability to produce rice. if you look out to 2050 with a temperature rise above two celsius, it is possible food production is simply not going to come close to

demand. when we are talking today about the difference between 2%, should it be 2%,1.5%, about the difference between 2%, should it be 2%, 1.5%, what is your belief? no doubt in my mind, and i was one of those pushing hard at the paris agreement, to get the 1.5 and it says if possible. if we wander up towards two and above it becomes extraordinarily challenging to see how we can manage the risks to humanity going forward. i think the ipcc report that is shortly coming out, is going to set out, i am sure, how we can achieve this target, the 1.5 degrees target. it is critically important we do it, but let me say, we're not even close to achieving that now. in other words, are burning fossil fuels continues and greenhouse gases are still increasing. they are not decreasing. 2015 was the paris agreement.“

increasing. they are not decreasing. 2015 was the paris agreement. if we are not even close, that is because ofa are not even close, that is because of a lack of political will, public inertia, what are the reasons? political will has evaporated since paris, as if making the agreement was enough. yes, the public as well. i think other issues have raised their heads and in this country, brexit, perhaps. it is such a serious issue, i am going to say what we do over the next ten years to prepare for this crisis, is going to prepare for this crisis, is going to determine the future of humanity for the next 10,000 years. we are talking about crisis time. as if there was a near earth object that was going to slam into the planet in ten years. if we had that warning, i think we would all start doing nothing else but trying to divert this thing away from us. and that is the situation we are in. it is

alarming, the picture you outline. as ever, with this issue, does it not need to be joined as ever, with this issue, does it not need to bejoined up thinking? lots of big, rich economies need to be working together on this? it is no good for britain to say we have these fantastic targets, it has got to bejoined these fantastic targets, it has got to be joined up these fantastic targets, it has got to bejoined up political thinking and that has to come from the top? it has to come from the top and in paris it was very much driven, i am going to save the agreement was driven through by what happened during the blair, brown period and then the change parliament act in britain, we were leading the way. who is leading the way now is california. california has a zero net emissions target. one, single us states, but you are saying california is doing more than the rest of the us administration? yes, much more. i would give some credit

to china. they have really adopted a policy towards reducing emissions and they are succeeding. however, just across the border in india, india has been attempting in declaring they will move towards solar power and wind but they use more coal each month to meet the commitment to get electricity to every person. which is also a fundamental part of decent living, so it is hard to go to a country like that and say, you cannot do that because we need to reach this figure of 1.5. that because we need to reach this figure of1.5. but we are in a situation where solar and wind are cheaper than coal for most parts of the world. at least it is competitive. if you are running out of small villages, what you want is energy for those villages. we don't wa nt to energy for those villages. we don't want to have to run the grid across to every small village in india or africa. all of this required good thinking and the foreign office,

while i was there, we set our policies to deal with this and our aid programme is very much assisting those countries to move in that direction. it is notjust the developed world, we have these emerging countries and that is where the major problem is. given everything you have said, i am curious whether you are at all optimistic, where are you on the scale of optimism and pessimism?” am here because i am an optimist by nature and i am starting to talk about not only getting unhooked from fossil fuels, that is the first thing. it is crazy to carry on mining for coal, oil and gas at this point. we also need to learn something i am calling climate repair. how do we take greenhouse gases out of the atmosphere and return our climate to a safe level? there could be technological advances and that way. i have started something there. we don't have time to discuss that because i

would love to. thank you very much for now, sir david king. the headlines on bbc news: russian spies are accused by the netherlands, the uk and the us, of mounting a series of cyber attacks on high profile organisations — including the global chemical weapons watchdog. in a landmark ruling, a drug dealer who trafficked children to sell heroin and crack cocaine has been jailed, he was given a 14—year sentence. leading democrats have criticised the fbi report into supreme court nominee brett kavanaugh — but republicans say they found hint of misconduct". the winner of the royal institute of british architects' most prestigious award, the riba stirling prize, will be announced next week. the nominations for britain's best new building include a student housing development, a cemetery, and a school.

we're looking at each building on the shortlist and today it's the turn of, gfx tate st ives, in cornwall. tate st ives, in cornwall. the art gallery has been extended, creating more exhibition spaces and a new public walkway. tate came to st ives because of this amazing legacy here — an artists' colony that started in the early 19th century and continues to this day. we got to this point where we had four times as many visitors as we expected, so the gallery was bursting at the seams. the community wanted the gallery to expand, but at the same time they wanted it to be integrated into the landscape. we did this by excavating into the cliff side, so that we could create the largest possible gallery level with the existing galleries. st ives sits as a spit of sand

out into the atlantic, which captures both the east and west light. it was this particular double light that attracted artists here in the first place. the roof of the gallery is made up of massive concrete beams, above which are six very large light chambers that capture this very particular light of st ives. you could say that daylight was the primary material around which the gallery was built. besides the gallery, it was incredibly important that we provide art handling and staff spaces, and this created a small building that sat above this landscape. as it was looking out to sea and up at the sky, we chose to clad the building in a glazed tile — which reflects the sea and the sky and captures these two primal elements of the cornish landscape. you don't realise the scale of how big this build is and how clever it was to imagine that it would fit

here, until you actually come into the finished space and you see it for the first time — and it was just amazing. i'm just thrilled. to me, this is a testament to true dialogue with the communities of cornwall, resulting in incredible architecture. you can find out more about all of the nominated buildings on the bbc arts website and watch this year's riba stirling prize live here on the bbc news channel next wednesday evening between 8.30 and 9:00. book—sellers up and down the country have been preparing for super thursday today, which marks the start of the race for the christmas number one in the book charts. over 500 new books hit

the shelves today, by authors from david attenborough to jacqueline wilson. and one of those vying to be the number one author this christmas is comedian romesh ranganathan, whose autobiography straight outta crawley hits the shelves today. asa as a sussex refugee myself, that made me laugh, so you are halfway there. i hope the title is not the only laugh in it. i get the mickey taken out of me about living in crawley, but i thought i would go for it, the whole hog. i love crawley. sussex is brilliant in every way, we have to say that, but

for people who have no idea about crawley, why do you still get the mickey taken out of you? crawley is seen as a mickey taken out of you? crawley is seen as a faceless kind of commuter town, i guess. seen as a faceless kind of commuter town, iguess. but seen as a faceless kind of commuter town, i guess. but my mum and dad left sri lanka and they could have gone anywhere in the world, but they chose crawley. if that isn't a recommendation, i don't know what is. absolutely brilliant. the bit like the office being set in slough. laugh or cry, but the notion here we are in october talking about christmas so when you're publisher told you you have got to go and do a round of interviews because it is about the christmas market, do you wa nt to about the christmas market, do you want to laugh or cry? i have got three children, so we start talking about christmas injuly. for me to be talking about it now... you are through it. we start using santer quite early on to try to get the

kids to behave. i have been known to mention it in february. this whole concept of super thursday and over 500 books, i do find it slightly terrifying. your book, your autobiography, does that come from you, is that because there were genuine stories you wanted to tell about you growing up and what ever, even though we might laugh about crawley, did you have an interesting story to tell about great britain in 2018. it's not like i was sat at home thinking the world has a story they need to know. when i started doing stand—up i read books by richard pryor, one of my heroes and frank skinner's book was one of the first i read and write i started doing comedy. they gave you an inside track over and above watching them doing stand—up and their other work. i thought to myself it would bea work. i thought to myself it would be a nice thing to do. i thought i

would write a funny book, or hope to. i started to think about stories that have taken me to this point in my life. some of it is funny and some of it is talking about how i ended up where i am today. it has all built up to this point actually, here with you now. i am not sure the bbc news channel features in it, it would be lovely if it did. we will wait for volume two for that. we will see how this goes and then i will see how this goes and then i will documented. was it a fun process writing it, was it harder than writing your material for stand—up? than writing your material for stand-up? what i wanted it to be, i wa nted stand-up? what i wanted it to be, i wanted it to be like i am talking to you. the problem you have for me, i am notan you. the problem you have for me, i am not an author, i am now because of this book, but i had no experience in doing it. new habit tendency to go into a different

language, i pontificated as i looked out upon the vista. you start getting into that mode, and i thought, i don't talk like that, so i better not write like that. so i did it how i would talk. you used to bea did it how i would talk. you used to be a teacher so you must know about communicating to a wide range of people? i was a maths teacher so if the book was about algebra, then i would have an advantage. i wrote it over the last couple of years, as i would sit down and do a chapter here and there. my problem is, i write stuff and then come back to it a day later and hate it. i have properly written and destroyed another book in the process of writing this one. it has been fun though.” in the process of writing this one. it has been fun though. i hope it is fun to read as well. thank you very much, romesh. lovely to see you. we are going to catch up with the weather prospects. the weather has been cheering up

over the last few hours. cloud across england and wales but it has been breaking up nicely with the sun coming out. this was derby earlier with the process of the sun coming out. sunnis buys expanding across england and eastern parts of wales. the cloud has been gathering in cumbria with outbreaks of rain. this was a scene of the rain coming down. overnight, we see the colder air pushing southward is behind this coal front across the uk. we will see things cooling operatically for scotla nd see things cooling operatically for scotland and northern ireland as the band of rain sinks outwards into the north of england and into north wales. in the south, a lot of low cloud with mist and fog patches and drizzle around as well. in england and wales, temperatures ten, 12

degrees. further north, the colder air making its presence felt and there will be frost in scotland by there will be frost in scotland by the end of the night. friday, there is the weather front. it is slow—moving and will come to a halt across northern england and north wales. the rain will turn increasingly light and party into the afternoon so it might dry up for some. a lot of low cloud to start the day, mist and fog patches but that should generally clear away and the weather will brighten up. sunshine from the word go. the ireland. beautiful autumn day here and showers in the north—west where it will feel cooler and pressure. south of the weather front, gaps in the cloud with sunshine breaking out in the afternoon. things getting warmerfor in the afternoon. things getting warmer for this in the afternoon. things getting warmerfor this time of in the afternoon. things getting warmer for this time of year, 22 degrees in south—west england. contrast those temperatures of 12 in scotland, northern ireland and the far north of england. the cold air will be pushing south as we go through saturday. rain around with

england and wales having a wet start to the weekend. notjust wet, but quite windy. further north, for scotla nd quite windy. further north, for scotland and northern england that is where the best of the sunshine will be. cold where ever you are. reversal of fortu nes will be. cold where ever you are. reversal of fortunes for the second half of the weekend. england and wales will have the best of the sunshine on sunday. further north and west it turns wet and windy. similar temperatures again, ten to 13 degrees. that is how the latest weather is looking. goodbye for now. anything you can give will help people in desperate need. thank you. western governments, including the uk, mount

a coordinated attack on what they claim are russian spies hacking into governments and institutions around the world. the dutch unmask four men accused of being russian spies and the equipment it's claimed was used to hack into the international chemical weapons watchdog. here, it's claimed russia hacked into the porton down chemical weapons facility. both organisations had been investigating the novichok attacks. if anyone had any questions in mind about russian military involvement in the salisbury attacks, this will put to rest those doubts. russia is also accused of mounting cyber attacks against the us, switzerland and malaysia. russia has denied it all, calling it western spy mania. we'll have the very latest. also tonight... a man is jailed for trafficking children, forcing them to deal drugs.