tv Inside Out BBC News October 20, 2018 1:30pm-2:00pm BST
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saudi arabia has admitted that the journalist jama khashoggi was saudi arabia has admitted that the journalistjama khashoggi was killed in the consulate in turkey. thousands at marching through central london this afternoon. two men are charged with murdering ian tomlin who was beaten to death outside his home in london. ajoint project will take a probe to mercury. the duke and duchess of sussex will attend the opening ceremony of the invictus games in sydney. the games are for injured former and current servicemen and women. thanks very much for your company during today. julian warrick will be back with more news at the top of the hour. now, inside out examines how demand from the salmon farming industry is inflating the price of one particular fish. it's the fish that's causing a south coast gold rush.
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but is everyone playing fair? where i'm standing right now is one of those no—take zones. and yet there are three fishermen blatantly fishing for wrasse. also, never give up — the egyptologist determined to continue a lifetime‘s work. i thought i would never be here again. i couldn't see a way that it would be possible. to watch something just literally just destroy her body. she really defied the odds. and how stonehenge nearly came a cropper. it could be a privately owned monument that nobody is allowed in. somebody could have perhaps demolished it. who knows? welcome to inside out for the south of england. first we'll start with a question. what is the uk's most expensive fish right now? salmon, you might think, cod, bass. well, it's none of those. and chances are you've never even heard of it, and i bet you've never tasted one. but asjoe crowley has been finding out there's massive demand for it right now.
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so a bit of broken ground. this is perfect habitat for them. in recent years a new fishery has opened up on the south coast. the target species may be small, but the money involved is anything but... couple of good ones there. and this is the fish that's in demand — wrasse. now this one in particular is a ballan wrasse but all sorts of wrasse and lumpfish are sought—after because they're so—called "cleaner fish". cleanerfish provide a grooming service for other fish, removing parasites and dead skin, which has made them very attractive to salmon farmers in scotland. in recent years scottish salmon farming has struggled to control sea lice — small parasites that feed on the farmed fish, weakening or killing them. one solution is putting
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cleanerfish in the pens to peck the lice off the salmon. as a result, there's significant demand for wild caught, live wrasse leading to prices of over £50,000 a tonne, making it i for lb the most valuable fish in europe. they're very close in? yeah, they are very close, quite tight to the shore. luke copperthwaite is one fisherman meeting that demand. fishing out of portland in dorset... is this you here then? ..he catches ballan wrasse for salmon farming company loch duart. last year 130,000 wrasse were caught in the portland and weymouth area for use on salmon farms. that's a little ballan wrasse. that's a ballan! tha's what we're looking for... loch duart only want luke to catch ballan wrasse as they're thought to be the hardiest wrasse species, best suited for surviving the journey to scotland and adapting to life in the salmon pens. so that one would be just too small, by a centimeter. it says 18 and 28 there.
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so they're the two marks, it's got to be between those two marks. they're the two marks, yeah. so he goes back? he goes back. across the south coast the ifcas — the inshore fisheries and conservation authorities — have placed some controls on this new fishery. here they've asked salmon companies and fishermen to sign up to voluntary guidelines including a close season, protected no—take zones and minimum and maximum sizes for each species. obviously it's not law but we stick to it. most of the fish luke catches are either the wrong species or the wrong size... and a lot of fish going back. a lot of fish going back. so it's not the most efficient form of fishing, is it? no, but we get paid the premium for them so we can chuck them back and it's betterfor the environment. ..but for each fish that luke can keep he'll be paid £17.50. he's the biggest one we've had today, isn't he? he's comfortably over. he's about 20. so we're only taking a few select size really. it does seem to be though when we've been fishing, they're all — the ones we're taking — are all 18cm or 19cm,
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they're all at the lower end of that bracket aren't they? yeah. is that typical? i think that's just the size of the mouths of the pots really. he's as near as damn it, he's in. are you happy with that one — i don't know about that one? do you think? hmmmm. depends if he's pouting or not. he's a couple of mms so put him back. lewis! lewis bennet is the cleanerfish manager for loch duart. good journey down from scotland? very good journey, thank you very much. his fishermen in england and scotland catch live ballan wrasse exclusively for the company's nine sites in north—west scotland. they're really important live tool that we use to eat the sea lice off the salmon. sea lice are naturally occurring, they're always found in the ocean but when they get into the pens, they get quite difficult to manage and control so it's a good way of us to keep the fish clean, free of lice, without using any medicines or any other interventions. so it's a very natural way of keeping the salmon clear of lice. genuinely that effective? we are almost 100% effective at using cleaner fish to control our lice.
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now, we are about 700 miles from your nearest salmon farm. why would you come down here to catch them, why can't you just catch them all in scotland? the fishery in scotland has been heavily fished for at least the last 8—9 years... so what we've been trying to do is take from a wide range around the whole of the uk in lots of small other locations. and try and spread the load, rather than deplete stocks in localised areas. last year the company bought in about 65,000 live ballan wrasse, taking around 6,500 from cornwall and just over 18,000 from weymouth and portland. they say this year the total will be lower. but while loch duart are open about the numbers of fish they're taking, they only account for 2—3% of scottish salmon production. it's not known how many wild cleaner fish the industry as a whole takes every year, and campaigners fear the impact this may be having. david mitchell is the marine environmental campaigns manager for the angling trust. well,
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one of the main problems is they're not taking a few of them. they're taking tens of thousands, hundreds of thousands if not millions of these fish to use as cleaner fish. we believe that understanding the impact of removing the fish and the impact on the rest of the ecosystem should be done before this fishery is allowed to continue expanding, transfer day, and luke's ballan wrasse are at the beginning of their 14—hour journey up to the north of scotland. is this wrasse fishing sustainable? yes, i believe it is. we're not here to pillage. we realise that these fish are...very sensitive so we need to be very careful how we manage them and how we take them from the wild. we're not fishing during the breeding season, we're not taking the brood stock, which are your breeding fish, and we're making sure that we're only taking very small numbers in certain areas. lewis says loch duart has worked with the inshore fisheries team to ensure regulation is in place. what we're trying to do
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is associate ourselves with good practices, and making sure all of our information is passed to the authorities, to make sure that we can monitor this fishery. but we've been told that some fisherman aren't sticking to the agreed restrictions. there are five large no take zones where all forms of commercial fishing for wrasse are banned. i went to one of them on two occasions last month, and both times i witnessed the same boat rod and line fishing there. where i'm standing right now on this stretch of coastline is one of those no take zones, and yet there are three fishermen, right in front of me, and they are blatantly fishing for wrasse. what's more, it was luke's boat — meaning some of the fish he supplied to loch duart were caught in an area where wrasse are supposed to be protected. i put our discovery to inshore fisheries and conservation officer, simon pengelly. that would be incredibly serious if that was something that was actually taking place. we have those no
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take zones to maintain the family structures, the brood stock areas for these species in the different parts of our district. luke has admitted he was fishing for wrasse in a no—take zone, but says he mistakenly believed he was allowed to fish there with a rod and line. having seen wrasse caught here in a no—take zone, there are questions over how sustainable this live fishery actually is. clearly there is good money to be made, but it doesn't seem there's always the same incentive to follow the rules. if there's noncompliance with these fishery measures, we will act accordingly. we have the powers to create ifca bylaws, we also have — should the need arise — powers to introduce emergency measures. loch duart says it's disappointed, and that this happened without their knowledge. they say they've suspended supply from luke's boat while they investigate, and they state they'd welcome a move from voluntary guidance to regulation. but david mitchell is sceptical that regulation alone will enough. it comes down to enforcement.
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the same goes for any fisheries management measure. if it's put in place, that's fine. but unless it's enforced, it's not worth the paper it's written on. next: sepsis — it's a life threatening condition triggered by our own immune systems going into overdrive as our body tries to fight off an infection. it's thought there are around 250,000 cases in the uk every year, 40,000 of which prove fatal. even if it's caught in time it can still have devastating consequences. my nose has been reconstructed. i lost the septum. i lost all the muscles in my hands. this finger‘s great i do everything, use my phone with this finger, type a little bit with this finger. i lost my legs below the knee, and i lost my
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hearing in my right ear. but i'm notjust a long list of disabilities. i'm liz frood, an egyptologist at the university of oxford — think indiana jones, just on prosthetics. much of my work was done in egypt. but three years ago i came down with a stomach bug, within 32 hours i'd developed sepsis and was fighting for my life. looking through these notebooks is really hard cos this is when i could write. i look at that and it's like, ugh, that's my former life. constant kind of emotional sucker punches. although my handwriting's not great, i'm now back at work, and it's finally time to return to egypt. i feel like the past three and a bit years has been piecing myself back together, i feel like this jigsaw puzzle that got smashed. so i'm pulling all these pieces back and egypt is a really big one. this is luxor in southern egypt.
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home to the temple of karnak. the walls inside are covered in ancient graffiti, created over 3500 years ago. in 2010 i began a major project to record every individual carving. having finally made it back i'm lucky to have one very special team member alongside me. christoph is not only an excellent archaeologist — he's also a great husband. i couldn't have got through my illness without him. having that little time, you know, to watch something just take control and literally destroy her body. there was less than a 36—hour period where she showed the first symptoms of a flu, to organ collapse. and then there was weeks of not knowing whether liz was going to survive or not and she wasn't expected to, she really defied the odds.
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christoph and i have decided to bring our son emeran with us on this trip. he was less than a year old when i became ill. for months i couldn't feed him, change his nappy or even hold him. it felt really important for us as a family to do this together because we've just been through so much. and every kind of triumph we do, we do it together. before we go to the temple i'm reuniting with my team. liz, we're gonna get in the shade. ali, you remember me? i'm a bit different. this is my boy, my son. we've been collaborating with french researchers. many of them i haven't seen since i got sepsis. so he was a bit smaller last time you saw him. i wasn't quite prepared for how it
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would feel to see everyone again. oh, man, it's really hard... the temple of karnak is over 4,000 years old and one of the largest religious buildings ever made. it's a relief to have finally got back to egypt, but the reality of working here with my disabilities is starting to sink in. that's where my momma works... just realising just how far there is to walk between the two parts of the temple that i work in — that's pretty daunting — how on earth am i going to get around without killing myself? it's been a big day — tomorrow i'll be getting stuck
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in at the temple...and i can't wait. it's too hot to work. my worst nightmare. hey liz, liz, come here. sometimes ramps are worse. yeah, ok. after crossing what feels like a bronze age obstacle course? we finally reach the inner sanctum of the temple. this is one of my favourite places in the world. so this is a good place to kind of rest. i'm having a harder time of it than i thought, but erm, i'm finding it quite challenging. finally, we reach the reason we're all here.
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the graffiti helping to shape our understanding of ancient egyptian culture. a lotus head, head, and then another, and then the blue crown of another royal head facing... what we start to see with graffiti is that fleeting window onto the real day to day of how a space was a bustling peopled environment. which is crucial, i think. the rams head, the crown and the collar and that's amun the god, he takes a ram form. and then you start getting these later additions. do you think it's gonna be possible, for me to get in there? in there, is one of the main reasons i'm here. we have those inscriptions there, which are actually very difficult to read. this steep, narrow staircase is full of graffiti. nothing beats being in front
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of the wall and checking the different lights and standing with members of my team a particular image or a particular text. teeny tiny little thing. the point of this trip is to see if i can physically work in egypt again. i need to be capable of getting to the graffiti. do you feel like sitting somewhere here? if we can get up to the de pinto height and then i might stop and rest. maybe i'lljust work here this season, amazing... wow... i can't do anything but at least i'm here. oh, it's going to take forever.
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we'll find a way, there will be a way. there will be a way. the reality is i will be more library based than i was. three years ago i never thought i would be here again, i couldn't see a way that it would be possible. and the fact that i'm actually physically here and that it is possible just to be here. i have to keep reminding myself that that's really quite remarkable and beyond anything i thought. you really have to make a sort
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of conscious step back and look at where she has come in a year erm to be blown away by it, honestly to be blown away by it. i'm very proud of her. liz frood there, and liz is already planning her next trip to egypt. a quick reminder — you can find out more now, finally, what's the connection between a bunch of druids, a game of cricket and an auction in salisbury? the answer is one of the world's most famous heritage sites — stonehenge. but things could have been oh—so different. shrewton in wiltshire. i've been invited to take part in a game of cricket. they obviously haven't seen me play. but the more observant amongst you may have spotted
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this is no normal game. it's marking an extraordinary chapter of our history here in the south. celebrating a story, 100 years ago, which secured the future of one of the world's most famous landmarks. stonehenge. and you've got five trilathons — a trilathon is just two upright stones and a horizontal stone. so that is the inner horseshoe of the centre of stonehenge. susan greaney from english heritage takes up the story... a hundred years ago it would have been a tourist attraction. people would have been in here picnicking, having their photographs taken, all the things that you would expect tourists to do today. and games of cricket as well appear? yes. so actually it was a sight that was used particularly by local people for small festivals, little musical concerts, famous people of the day would come here. the stones would look pretty much as they do today except that they would have been propped up with a number of wooden posts. and back then it was part of a private estate, wasn't it? that's right, it was owned by the antrobus family who owned amesbury abbey estate in nearby amesbury. and they owned all of the land around here, and antrobus looked after the site. but tragedy struck.
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during the first month of world war i, antrobus‘ only son, edmund junior, was killed in action in belgium. his father was brokenhearted. he died just four months later, with no heir to the amesbury abbey estate. it passed to his brother who decided to sell at auction. meaning stonehenge was up for grabs. stepping up to the wicket an unlikely local hero, cecil chubb. cecil chubb was born in shrewton and in 1876. his family had been here for several generations. cecil played cricket for shrewton cricket club from age 1a. cecil played cricket for shrewton cricket club from age 14. as historian brian edwards explains, although from a humble background cecil chubb had married well, to mary. mary's father owned the largest asylum in victorian england. and although it was undeclared that he was her father,
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doctor corbyn finch left her the equivalent of £100,000 when he died in 1905. so mary became one of the richest people in wiltshire. and that meant when the amesbury abbey estate, including stonehenge, came up for sale, chubb had money in his pocket, and an eye for a purchase. so he was a local man, he remembers coming to stonehenge as a boy, he used to cycle up here and visit the site only a couple of miles away from his home. and so i think when it came up for auction he felt very much that rather than perhaps, you know, an american by it and try and ship it off, he felt very much that a local person ought to look after it. cecil wasn't the only one with an eye on stonehenge. or the land it was on. i've come to amesbury to meet richard crook. richard, lovely to meet you. likewise. his grandfather, isaac crook, a local sheep farmer at the time, also wanted a slice of the amesbury abbey estate. i'm really excited to find out what's in this case, richard. well, it's full of goodies.
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inside this case is an amazing piece of history. this is what i've come to see, richard. is that right? and i'm very excited. the original auction brochure. there we go. amesbury, including stonehenge. yes. so this is the book that your grandfather would have been going through, with his eye on something to buy. that's right. there we go. so there's a description of stonehenge here, and then the details of the lot. yes. in hand, what does that mean? that means isaac crook was the tenant farmer. so your grandfather was already renting land? yes. so in your grandfather's eyes then, stonehenge was prime grazing for his sheep. yes, that's right. the stones were just something stuck in the soil. so when the chance came to buy it, of course he's going to be interested. of course he is. and off he went to salisbury with high hopes.
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that's right. at 2pm on the 21st of september 1915, the new theatre in salisbury was full. according to a report in the salisbury and winchester journal, "interest quickened when the auctioneer announced lot 15. " stonehenge. bidding began. crook found himself up against chubb, bidding for a national treasure. so, richard, do you know how far your grandfather was prepared to go? well, he went to six five. in other words, that was what was in his purse. and the successful bidder was cecil chubb because the hammer fell at £6,600. cecil had bought stonehenge the £6,600 — the equivalent of nearly £500,000 in today's money. three years later, he'd gift it to the nation. so he buys it in auction in 1915, and in october 1918 that's
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when he hands it over to the ministry of works, in effect, which is the government department looking after the state monuments. immediately, when the government took it over they did a survey of the site and they set in train a really big programme of restoration and excavation to try and restore some of the stones upright. a special handing—over ceremony took place, and chubb received a knighthood, gaining the local nickname "viscount stonehenge". what if he hadn't done what he did? how would stonehenge be now? it's a really interesting question. we could be there would not be allowed in here. it could be a privately owned monument that nobody‘s allowed in. somebody could have perhaps demolished it. who knows? so we're very grateful to chubb that he took that decision in 1918. 100 years later, cecil‘s gift to the nation is visited
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by 1.5 million people a year. i think cecil would be astonished by the level of visitor numbers. but surely he would be glad that people are coming from all over the world to enjoy and engage with stonehenge. i don't think there's any doubt about it that cecil chubb wanted stonehenge to be seen and for the people to enjoy it. good afternoon. the early morning mist patches cleared out of the way and we've got some sunshine coming for many areas. the north west of scotla nd for many areas. the north west of scotland is one place we are not going to see a great deal of sunshine. sky is threatening here. a lot of cloud across north—western areas generally. england and wales having the best of the sunshine along with the north—eastern scotland. where the sun is out, temperatures are on the rise. we could see temperatures of up to 19
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degrees, pushed on by the firm effect. across western scotland it's very cloudy and there will be showers through the rest of the afternoon. northern ireland and the rest of western scotland stays pretty cloudy two. where the sunshine comes out, temperatures could hit 18 or 19 degrees in the warmest spots. 0vernight, we will keep south—westerly winds blowing in thick cloud for northern ireland and scotland. 0utbrea ks of thick cloud for northern ireland and scotland. outbreaks of rain will turn heavier across north—western scotla nd turn heavier across north—western scotland before drifting southwards later on. a chilly night. a fume mist and fog patches to be expected across southern england. they should burn away with some sunshine. the rain in northern scotland pushes southwards and turns apache. turns
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apache. we will still have warmth across england and wales with highs of 17 or 18 degrees. as we head into monday, temperatures dropping across england and wales. more rain on monday for northern scotland but otherwise largely dry with some sunshine. those winds will make it feel cooler. we're looking at highs of 14 in london. a good deal cooler. towards the end of the week ahead, it is set to get much cooler than that. there is some dry it whether in the forecast with some sunshine at about but set to turn really quite chilly later in the week ahead. this is bbc news. the headlines at 2pm... saudi arabia admits journalist jamal khashoggi was killed
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