this is bbc news, i'm clive myrie. the headlines at 8... after four stabbings in five days in london, police say they'll step up patrols, but the mayor warns, there's no quick fix. actually focus on the generation of the realities that a generation before we get the levels of violent crime that are acceptable to our society. east sussex becomes the latest council, to cut key services to avoid a budget crisis. also coming up, americans prepare to give their verdict on president trump. on the eve of the crucial mid term elections, the republicans and democrats send their big hitters, onto the campaign trail. and, torches are lit around the tower of london, to mark a hundred years since the end of the first world war. good evening and welcome to bbc news.

after four murders in five days in london, the metropolitan police is to put hundreds of extra officers on the streets. so far this year, 118 people have been killed in london. 73 of those deaths were caused by stabbing, with more than a third of all recorded knife crime in england and wales taking place in the capital. that's despite london having just 15% of the population. the mayor says it could take up to ten years to solve the crisis, and as our home editor mark easton reports, the changing nature of london's gang culture, has contributed to the rise in violence. hundreds of extra police are on the streets of the capital tonight as officers responded to a wave of deadly stabbing is thought to be driven by drug gangs. this arrest in a graveyard is connected to the latest killing in croydon.

tragically we had four murders since the middle of last week across a number of borrowers, none of them connected and each and every one of those tragic murders affects families, it affects friends and acquaintances and i cannot imagine the emotions and the distress they must be going through. my heart goes out to them. gangs have changed, once it was largely about territory and tribes, now it's about drugs and profits. they are organised, business driven, secretive and ruthless criminals. these men are on the way to murder. a conventional map of london shows borough boundaries and familiar neighbourhoods, but there is another hidden map of gang alliances and rivalries. in waltham forest for instance academics are plotted the territories of 12 gangs including an new alliance between the established beaumont crew and newcomers in the mali boys understood to be headed by men of somali origins. at the centre of the territory is valentin road. valentin road has been described as the most

violent street in britain. with over 100 serious crimes including two murders recorded by police here in just the last two years alone. this is the unlikely front line in a turf war between organised crime gangs wanting control of lucrative drug markets. we've had a significant shift away from it being about respect and grudges between pockets of young people and into something more closely related to very organised networks of people supplying drugs on the street and being very focused on money and seeking to be more underground. the murder of 20—year—old lewis elwyn, stabbed to death outside a south west london primary school in 2016 has never been solved. his brother has been campaigning for more to be done to stop gangs recruiting impressionable young men and women. the gangs are in the schools, there in the colleges,

there are some people that have they changed schools just because there are gangs waiting outside the schools. they really have to have a look at what is going on. even if you don't want to be part of it you are part of it. from where you wear a tracksuit and look like them they are part of it. it's notjust black culture, caribbean culture, african culture, it's everyone. and it's notjust london, it is the murder rate in london is similar to last year but 118 homicides in the capital since january represents a huge political as well as policing challenge. we are working together to try and find a wraparound approach because it cannotjust be about arresting people, we want to stop young people getting into harm in the first place. some blame cuts to police and council budgets but here in glasgow where gang violence has reduced massively, they suggest treating it like a virus, implementing early intervention measures to solve the problem for the long—term.

their advice to us is we are not good to solve this overnight, it took them more than ten years to solve this issue and they say we have to focus on a generation and the reality is that it may be a generation before we get the levels of violent crime that are acceptable to our society. the reality is that police work incredible hard to tackle this now. tonight in clap of a job close to where17—year—old malcolm was stabbed to death last friday afternoon, another 17—year—old boy has been arrested. but few believe we can arrest our way to beating criminal gangs who are becoming more sophisticated and more callous. junior smart, is an ex—offender a former gang member who founded the sos project with the st giles trust, which tries to bring home to young people, the realities of street violence. but to see you think you for being with us. what has happened in the last few days, it's appalling, but

interestingly the figures aren't that much up on last year overall, what do you put this violence down to? first, any life lost is alive to many i think when we talk about the situation happening on the streets, you simply cannot deny the fact that cuts across the board have had an impact you simply cannot take away so impact you simply cannot take away so much funding from safer communities teens, you know, counsel, social services. the impact of which is that had to come —— cut services that engage young people in other impacts would be the threshold to raise many young kids go under the net, equally if you look at the cuts across benefit systems, parents have to work longer and harder to the same impact and that has been less parental presence and those young people are inundated with

images across social media which is like a gateway to the world, and it's shown by the work we're doing in schools and community centres through our organisation the young people are telling us to say the place is to stab someone and of all the murders and people arrested, this is what young people are seeing, so really our work is about going in to prevent young people from getting drawn into a negative cycle a nd from getting drawn into a negative cycle and they need to know what the reality is and they need to know what the consequences are, but also they need to know the devastating impact that happens to victims and so impact that happens to victims and so many of the young people who know how to take someone‘s life but they don't know what to say that. right, you mentioned lots of things there, we talked about cuts in social services you talked about the benefits is to being cut, you talked about lack of opportunities for young people to occupy their time, young people to occupy their time, you talked about police that not enough sabre community teens and so

on, you're saying that a whole holistic approach is to be taken to tackle the problem it's notjust one simple solution there are range of things which is what they're trying to do. and glasgow for instance, and i've seen a marked decrease over the last two years, and crimes particularly gained crimes. absolutely, i've got a lot of things for that model but there are key factors that we have to bear in mind and the thing is that glascow model was defined and had an impact over the course of about ten years. that, for us in london means that the funding needs to be long—term simply go it's not going to be an overnight fix it needs to be long period of time to see the sustained income, sustained outcome, and secondly, when we look at glascow model, there's a lot less in terms of

population and numbers, so that modeljust cannot be transplanted to london with the same outcomes. so it has to be adapted to local conditions. you say that young people, kids, they know how to take a life but not save a life, how do you go about changing that mentality, as i something that has to come from home or schools, local authorities, i mean who apart from you guys and the work you're trying to do, how do you change the mindset? reality is what we're talking to young people, it's a mindful of who they go to, many of them we work with will simply not turn to a parent or anyone they're more likely to go to france, they look for the right person and right space and right situation. right role model. what we look to do is a cultural shift, we are making it a safe s pa ce cultural shift, we are making it a safe space for young people can really talk to us about the issues

that are impacting them and let's get talking, let's really look at what is happening, let's look at how quickly it is for your life to be taken orfor you quickly it is for your life to be taken or for you to lose her own life, and actually, it's the process that needs to be there, this needs to education and it needs to happen as early as primary school age because that's when they're exposed to this stuff. it's good to see you thank you forjoining us and turning her life around let's hope other people can do the same thank you for your time people can do the same thank you for yourtime and people can do the same thank you for your time and help. and what will tomorrow monring's papers make of this and the other top stories, tonnes of coverage this morning on knife crime. we'll tell you what fleet street's finest are reporting at 10:40 and 11:30 tonight. my guests on the papers are the guardian columnist, dawn foster, and the chief economics commentator for the daily telegraph, liam halligan. councillors in east sussex are planning to strip back core services to the bare minimum, to tackle a severe budget crisis.

roads, libraries and social care all face cuts. east sussex is the latest in a number of councils forced to reduce key services, and there are fears many others may have to do the same. 0ur political correspondent alex forsyth reports from eastbourne... there's a story behind this library. i think it's really cool. not yet officially open, these children are getting a sneak preview. i think it's the best library i've ever seen in my whole life. this library is run entirely by volunteers in premises donated by a local shopping centre. they stepped in when the council library closed due to cuts. there is a wonderful feel about having a library that is being run by the community and we are very lucky in that regard here in langley, but the bottom line is the funding for libraries and community services. balancing the books is a problem for county councils across england

who face budget cuts and rising demand for social care. here in east sussex, the council plans to only offer essential services, with less money for highways, further cuts to the library service, slower assessments for children with special educational needs, and less preventative work in children's social services. but i think it's important that we give the government the evidence that they need. the council says that unless it gets more government funding, it will only be able to provide the bare minimum for the most vulnerable. clearly, we are having to make really, really difficult decisions. we taken the opportunity to raise council tax as much as allowed by government, but it clearly doesn't take into account the increase in demographics and cost of providing those services. in last week's budget, the government gave an extra £650 million to councils to help with the costs of social care and more money for roads, and they're working on a whole new funding system, but many councils say they need more support and are watching what happens here in east sussex to see if they might follow suit. for the people who rely on support

services like these carers, it's a worrying time. michelle's partner has multiple sclerosis. social services helped us for a very short time, and then that was that. donna's mum has alzheimer's. she looks after her along with her sister. you're given that helped and then nothing, so you feel abandoned. feels like nobody understands, unless you are a carer yourself. denise cares for her husband reg who has dementia. daycare is the only respite we get. once a week is a lifeline. it's the only time you get to go out. they rely on this charity in east sussex to fill the gap left by shrinking services. their story is familiar as councils across the country continue to struggle. alex forsyth, bbc news, eastbourne. there are just a few hours to go before americans begin voting in congressional elections,

which could define the rest of donald trump's presidency. the mid—terms happen every four years, in the middle of a sitting president's four—year term of office. congress is made up of the house of representatives and the senate, and both are currently controlled by the republican party, backing donald trump. all 435 seats in the house of representatives are up for grabs, while in in the senate, 35 out of 100 seats are being contested. overall, the mid terms are being seen in large part as a verdict on donald trump, and access to affordable health care has been a big issue. the bbc‘s james cook reports from sedona in arizona. the desert state of arizona hasn't sent a democrat to the us senate for 30 years, but the party hopes its drought here will end tomorrow. do you now know a lot more about health care policy that you did to begin with? yes, but it's all pretty much been self—taught.

i was an extremely right—wing conservative republican slash libertarian. what changed was 0bamacare, which extended health care to 20 million more americans. jeff said he would have died without it because no insurance company was prepared to pay for his treatment. well, if somebody is poor and they are dying of cancer without health insurance, they'll die. imean... the people that were swindled byjunk health insurance plans, you don't hear them talking about their experience because they're dead. but it's notjust the economy. think about it. look at foreign policy. in sun city, republicans are campaigning on other issues. the speakers here did not mention their botched attempt to repeal 0bamacare.

even the president's son was ignoring the question. sir, what's your message on health care for people here? esther alberta is not a fan of 0bamacare. she says it was expensive. she couldn't see the doctor she wanted, and she wasn't covered when she moved state. how much has it cost you over all, being hit by that car? i'm probably into the $300,000 right now. how much? 300,000. and so what's your view about 0bamacare? i hope they repeal all of it. it's horrible. across this spectacular state and across the country, voters are now making their minds up. nationally, the campaign may have been dominated by the economy and immigration, but for millions of americans, the most pressing, most personal issue is health care. and how they feel about it may yet reshape the political landscape. james cook, bbc news, sedona. one of the most heated races in the mid—term elections

is that one in texas, where the senate race pits republican incumbent ted cruz against democratic challenger beto 0'rourke. millions of dollars have been poured into this contest that has grabbed national headlines. the bbc‘s gary 0'donoghue is in houston and explained how mr 0'rourke was taking on mr cruz. the rally at that nightclub at aam this morning and it was full of pretty young people, largely female two thirds female i would say the very young and energised, very up board and he's quite a performer, he struts about the stage, he really gets them in the palm of his hand very much and interesting contrast between that and an hour later when the church we went to outside where ted cruz was having when of his gatherings, much older, much more male—dominated audience if you would like, you could see the democratic —— the graphic appeal of the two

campaigns within a short time of one another. so at the moment as things stand, cruz is ahead by about 6%, it's a gap that slightly widened in the last month and what he says about theirs look they're not pulling the people were supporting me. gary over there in houston, let's talk to our 0ur north america reporter, anthony zurcher, is in washington. would you think it's feeling good on the eve of the poll democrats or republicans? i think the wisdom you right now is that the democrats have a very good chance of at least taking back the house of representatives, if not the senate, the senate has always been a much more uphill climb, and if that is the case democrats have to feel pretty good right now, just getting one chamber of congress is one more than they had before and they will finally have the abbey —— ability to block donald trump's legislative agenda and begin investigating more than the past, also i think they're

looking at the governor races in places like florida and they've got five in the midwest in colorado where they have a chance to post winds, that not only is good for the people who live in the states, but also for the democrats long—term prospects, because the governor is in the states, they control of power when comes to the presidential election in 2020. but, having said all of that turnout will be keynote question about that, there's also a sense that both sides are fired up, as regards, these different races. if the democrats do when the house, what does that mean for the presidency? well, i think the very first thing it means is if they win the house, all of the things that the republicans want to pass, all the laws and tax cuts and attem pts pass, all the laws and tax cuts and attempts at undermining repealing 0bama care, which wejust heard about, any ideas about changing

immigration policies to more aggressively limit current levels of immigration, all that goes by the wayside, so that's definitely going to bea wayside, so that's definitely going to be a change. donald trump's legislative policy essentially is dead but as i mentioned, there an oversight function congress has ever the past two years republicans have been controlling these committees in the house of representatives and they been greatly circumscribing the scope of investigation in to say the russian ties of possible ties of the presidential campaign, his business dealings any kind of allegation of a misdeed on the part of donald trump's administrative officials all of that will change if democrats ta ke of that will change if democrats take control so it could be a very scary time for the president and the next two years that did take over. thank you, anthony we will leave it there for now interesting night thank you very much indeed live in washington. we can cross to cleveland in ohio, where president trump is holds a rally. he's been crisscrossing america. on

the stump for various republican candidates. and the democratic side, president 0bama, the former president has the speaking as well. we are building up and we're building up to the mid—term elections tomorrow with special coverage across the bbc, we'll also bring you the latest results as they come into us, right here on the bbc news channel. sport now, and for a full round up, from the bbc sport centre, here's sarah mulkerrins. good evening. it's a big game a the bottom of the premier league tonight with huddersfield and fulham meeting at thejohn smith stadium. huddersfield have yet to win this season in the league, fulham are just two points better off in 19th. 15 minutes gone. 21 minutes gone, theyjust smashed a long—range strike against the bar that's the best of the chances are

far. there is no commentary on five live and updates on our website. without a goal, 21 minutes gone. stoke city wingerjames mcclean has been warned by the fa for his use of offensive language on social media. he posted his anger at abuse he received over not wearing a poppy, describing some stoke fans as "cavemen" whilst the fa told mcclean off, they did say any abuse received by the player was unacceptable. the irish internationalfeels the fa are turning a blind eye to the sectarian abuse. liverpool midfielder xherdan shaqiri will miss the side's champions league game against red star belgrade in serbia tomorrow. he's been left out of the squad in order to "avoid any distractions". that may be caused by his albanian heritage. he was fined by fifa when he celebrated scoring for switzerland against serbia at the world cup, by making a double—headed eagle gesture, which symbolises the albanian flag. politics has always influenced life,

at least on the planet i live in that's how it is but it's not wheel we are here for we are here to play football and that's why we try to make sure we can be focused on football and i realised tonight already, it could've been a story and we did not want to story besides and we did not want to story besides a football story. and that is why we decided what decided. rafa nadal confirmed today that he will miss the atp world tour finals in london this month and that his season is over due to injury. he said he needed an operation on his right ankle and is also yet to recover from the abdominal problem that kept him out of the paris masters last week. in his absence novak djokovic moved to world number one and it now means he's guaranteed to end the year top of the world rankings. john isner comes into the field for the finals on sunday. and in the last hour, the draw has been made for the finals on the one show on bbc one. novak djokovic has been placed in the same group as alexander zverev, marin cilic and isner. roger federer heads up the other

group with kevin anderson, dominic thiem and another late replacement kei nishikori. 0n the eve of the first test against sri lanka, england captain joe root says his team will be trying a bolder and more courageous approach to their cricket. england haven't won a test series in sri lanka for 17 years. root says its time for them to try something different, and that players are feeling the competition for places on the team. first when here will not be 11 plays a squat performance that will be times whereabouts of the team can add diced change drastically we need to be open and accepted its not about the individual it's a bad us collectively doing something special and we have done things in the past where he came to the subcontinent it's time to try something different, be a bit more bolder if you would like an courageous and maybe really try and exploit every service we come maybe really try and exploit every service we come up maybe really try and exploit every

service we come up against. in rugby league, george burgess will appear at a disciplinary hearing on tuesday evening after new zealand cited an incident during sunday's second test at anfield. the england foward is seen to have his fingers in the eyes of new zealand's captain dallin zelez—niak. england won the match 20—14, to take an unassailable lead in the 3 match series. that's all the sport for now. i'll have more for you in sportsday at half past ten. the founder of celtic boys' cloud has been found guilty of sexual offences, against three boys in the 1980s and 90s. james torbett who's now 71, was previously convicted for crimes also against three boys in the 1960s and 70s. the judge said he used the youth football cloud as a recruiting ground for boys, he could abuse. a man has beenjailed for life, with a minimum term of 29 years, after admitting the murder of his wife and step—daughter. gloucestershire police believe christopher boon

killed laura mortimer, after she returned home from a night out. he then attacked ella dalby, who was 11, as she tried to save her mother. here's steve knibbs. you are arrested on suspicion of the murder your wife, and your stepdaughter. the scene was described by the police officer as horrendous to see a mother and child sta b horrendous to see a mother and child stab wounds is something we don't see every day, so yes, it has affected my team. and itjust makes me think for that family members that had to cope with this for the rest of their lives. his ferocious attack was described today as sustained and brutal. they died together at the hands of a man with a short temper and a history of violence. in 2010, he received a

suspended sentence for attacking a former partner and her mother, four yea rs later former partner and her mother, four years later he was accused of attacking laura but she didn't want to press charges. witnesses say he also threatened her best friend and was verbally abusive to a la at times. in the early priced of this year he admitted to having an affair and honest attempt —— and may he said that he went for her and asked for divorce he'd then punched the wall saying that was meant for your face. but in the early hours of 20th of may, there was an argument and the kitchen of their house, he grabbed a knife and murdered laura and her daughter who was woken up by the shouting. often these murders are more about control and losing control that they are about jealousy. but, a stepchild a child that that that person may have little control over their may be a father in the picture it could be that the child doesn't respond to them in the way that a biological

child might so there's lots of reasons why they might not yield as in control of that child and invested and the child. ultimately the case centres on an unimaginable tragedy. laura was described as a caring kind loving and considerate and worked hard to run her own business and as luck, she loved to dance and made people laugh and smile and as we year she was a devoted daughter who was adored by everyone. in the run—up to armstice day, we're on the road telling stories from the trenches of the western front. 0ur correspondent robert hall reports from amiens in france, and tells the story of alexander gillespie, a british soldier who came up with a path for pilgrims, a route along no man's land, from switzerland to the belgian coast. 0ver over the next few days we look at different aspects of remembrance and

commemoration ahead of the centenary an armistice next weekend and today the story concerns an ambitious project to create a route, series of footpath stretching from switzerland to the belgian coast. it's an idea that originated and lines penned and letters fou nd that originated and lines penned and letters found by young british officer. "there are graves scattered up and down. the ground is so pitted and scarred and torn with shells, entangled with wire." alexander gillespie was 26 when he wrote his last letters home. in the weeks before his death, he began to plan a project that could now become his legacy. my great uncle was a prolific letter writer... countryfile presenter tom heap is alexander gillespie's great—nephew. well, he had this extraordinary leap of imagination when he was actually in the trenches amongst the fighting, that he thought, "when this is all over, when peace comes, we should put a route along no man's land

for people of all nations to come and walk along." the vision is a network of marked footpaths stretching from the swiss border to the belgian coast, tracing the trench lines of the western front. that's over 630 miles. that means negotiating with dozens of landowners and local councils, but so far, reaction has been encouraging. translation: from the first moment i heard about the path, i immediately saw how it could work. i think we must widen the ways that we remember the past, because if we don't do that, people will lose interest. this here, this new monument, was sculpted by walter allward... high on vimy ridge stands this memorial to canadian troops who fought on the western front. here too gillespie's vision has received an enthusiastic welcome. i think it's a huge opportunity.

we have so many visitors who come on pilgrimage to visit, kind of follow the path of their ancestors and this gives them an alternate route rather than taking highways and going around about. they can actually walk the western front as their ancestors did. tom heap believes projects like this provide new ways of connecting with a conflict which is moving further and further into our distant history. this to me is exactly what my great uncle envisaged when he was in those trenches 103 years ago today. he died somewhere near here, we don't know exactly where. to me it's quite spine—tingling, the thought that we are pretty much doing what he envisaged. "i would like to send every man, woman and child in western europe on pilgrimage along that sacred road so they might think and learn what war means from the silence witnesses on either side. a sentimental idea, perhaps,

but we might make the most beautiful road in all the world." the latest section of the path goes north of this river, is now being agreed and the subsections will be opening over the next few months, and tomorrow would bring you the story of the family and village from cou nty story of the family and village from county durham who had their own a poignant reason for remembering the hundredth anniversary of the armistice. robert in france. now it's time for a look at the weather with ben rich. good evening, no need to warm up to warmly, it's not out there. the next few days things are generally stay mild, it will ought to be windy, wettest weather in the west butts simmering a further east at times it actually is a go through tonight central and eastern areas could catch the odd spot of in our shower, greater chance of seeing spots of rain throughout northern ireland and wales as southwest, when they coming from the south or southeast is so it'll be a mild

9—11 degrees could be the odd misty patch on tomorrow morning a bit of fog here and there but for central and eastern areas lots of dry weather. some spots of sunshine and a few light showers passing through in the breeze. further west it'll be windy also increasingly wet for southwest of england and wales and northern ireland and southwest scotland, another mild day 17—18 degrees, a relatively mild on wednesday and thursday often windy with spells of rain at times. hello this is bbc news with me, clive myrie. the headlines: the metropolitan police says they'll step up patrols on the streets of the capital — after four fatal stabbings in the last five days. east sussex becomes the latest

council to cut key services to avoid a budget crisis. donald trump and barack 0bama both on the campaign trail — with just hours to go until america's crucial mid—term elections. and torches are lit around the tower of london, to mark a hundred years since the end of to mark a hundred years since the end of the first world war. more now on the spike in knife crime, which has left four people dead in a matter of days. earlier this year, the met commissioner, cressida dick, said that some drill music videos, which glamorise violence, were contributing to the rise in killings in the capial. the force even asked youtube to take some of the videos down. however, one charity has been using that type of music to connect with youngsters to try to get the crime rate down, as riz latif reports. i'mjason. i'm14. i make rap, but i do drill, as well.

my lyrics... it's basically about being young. my mum, she has money, but she just can't get all the things you want. before i started this music thing, i was getting in a lot of trouble. when i come to the studio, ijustjump on a mic, and then i am just calm. jason's been expelled from school and often disappears from home. his mum, yvonne, says she is constantly worried that his safety. i am a single parent. i have been for the last seven years. the main problem is the knife culture that is happening outside. it becomes very worrying. knowing that i am doing what i have to do at the end of the day, i can come back home and have a knock, and the next thing, i'm the one who has to go and visit the morgue. recently, jason has been attending united borders, a charity that uses music to connect young people at risk from crime and violence. # they told me, who am iimpressing?...# the charity encourages young people to write and record drill and other

forms of rap music that effect their lives. you've walked us through a tough backdrop, i get it. by the end, we mention mumsy, sis, i want that kind of expanded on, because that's emotion. but overall, i think the song is banging. you have done an amazing job. it keeps the boys occupied. it gives them confidence. justin finlayson runs united borders. he launched the charity after the murder of a teenager in his area. today, he has arranged the jason to record a music video. he's brilliant, apart from his nonstop giggles. why are you looking at the camera? do it again. but it's also him, life skills. owning his own product... so we have done a shot upstairs in the studio, and we are going to do one when the car comes. so you will see. the only time i am relaxed when he's not home is only when i know he is withjustin.

united borders has given me a big opportunity. i am much calmer then i was before. the dream is to move my mum out of london and buy a couple of houses, keep on with my music and help out friends and family, as well. yeah. he raps london's mayor, sadiq khan, has said it could take a generation to solve the capital's violent crime problem. his comments follow the deaths of four people in five days meaning 118 people have been murdered in london this year. we're joined via webcam from chicago by matan zeimer, who is the associate director of health policy at cure violence, a programme which uses the methods associated with disease control to tackle violence. it is clear. thank you very much joining us. just explain how your programmes work in chicago, and how

successful they have been in dealing with crime? thank you very much having me on and having this conversation. so, essentially, cure violence is based on the methods associated with disease control, understanding that violence is a health issue, not only because of the incredible loss of life that is associated with the injury and the trauma that can have cascading negative impact on someone's life across the whole life span, but also because byland ‘s exhibits the same behaviours as other epidemic —— violence exhibits the same epidemic... it transmits, and in what decade and experience from our programmes and research has shown is that exposure is the number one predictor of future involvement in violence. knowing that, and knowing that we can use health methods, what cu re that we can use health methods, what cure violence dance, is control... the three—month main components are

detecting, working with those at highest risk for involvement in violence, and then working at the community level to change community norms. to have the community come out ina norms. to have the community come out in a public way saying that we do not support the use of violence, and so these key pieces in our programmes are always put into place bya programmes are always put into place by a focus on the those who have extreme credibility in the neighbourhoods where they work, often from their own experience. we have seen a great reductions in chicago. another good example is in new york city, their programme there, independent evaluation brought a 37—57% reduction in gun injuries, andy 53% attraction in shootings. we also operate programmes around the world. in honduras, we have seen reduced shootings and killings by up to 88%.

once it there when 17 months without shootings. using these health methods, it is notjust a programme, it is an approach, once we understand that health issue, that can be interrupted and prevented, we can be interrupted and prevented, we can shift our ideas away from ones that are traditional, to really looking at the help of people and convention. so, a holistic approach, not just about arming more convention. so, a holistic approach, notjust about arming more people on the streets to deal with this, it is considering this is the equivalent ofa considering this is the equivalent of a virus. you find it where it is coming from, and you work with those who are at the highest risk of getting infected, and then you work to eliminate the problem. how long did it take you to see tangible result in chicago? because it looks as if the authorities here in london are going to study me same thing. actually, so what is incredible about this is because we are functioning from a place where we are working from the community, and

the folks who are doing the work are people from the community, and those people that are highest risk, these reductions happen really quickly. it can happen within months of a programme being started. it is all dependent on how much you invest in the programme, and how much you buy in all the stakeholders from city to community level, buying into these idea, it bala nces level, buying into these idea, it balances as a health issue. that is because you can identify those people who are at highest risk, and really start working with them right away, to help change that behaviours and start changing outcomes across a whole community. wow, result in a fume at. really good to talk to you, thank you so much for —— result in a few months. really good to talk to, thank you so much. apologies for the break—up in the line. the uk government has been told by ireland to "stand by its commitments" on avoiding a hard border between northern ireland and the republic of ireland after brexit. the irish prime minister leo varadkar has dismissed the idea of a temporary backstop solution —

which guarantees that whatever happens there will be no return to a hard border. our political editor laura kuenssberg is at westminster, and explained what a sensitive point the negotiations have reached. the uk and the eu are at an absolutely vital stage here, frantically working away, officials and ministers, to try and get the divorce deal done, by the end of this month. it is still possible, but there is not that much sense of flexibility in the air, and remember what is at stake here is how we leave the european union, not the longer term relationship that will define things the years to come. the sticking point as ever is the so—called axe top, the guarantee that the uk will give to the eu, anti—islands, and that there will be no kind of going back to the hard border of the past between northern ireland and the south, and they have

given that promise, and it has to be somehow turned into a legal guarantee that will last and last. what the two sides have agreed, broadly, is that unless there is some kind of big trade deal that can make is not a problem, there will be a way with the uk and ireland stakes broadly to the same rules, but for many ministers and plenty of tory mps, it is not acceptable for the uk to sign up to that kind of thing, unless there is an exit route away out of that, that the uk can decide on its own. but that the irish government, that is not on, either. at the moment, the two side are both staring at opposite sides of a brick wall, but it may well be that the pressure of an approaching deadline, isjust what is required to finally find a

way through. the prime minister has condemned a group of people who filmed themselves putting a model of grenfell tower on a bonfire. 72 people died when the tower block burnt down in west london injune last year. footage has been posted online which depicts a large model marked "grenfell tower" being placed over a naked flame and catching alight. the metropolitan police say they're treating the matter very seriously. theresa may said on social media that to disrespect those who lost their lives was utterly unacceptable. iran says it will defy tough sanctions reimposed today by the united states on its oil and banking sectors, following america's withdrawal from the international nuclear deal agreed back in 2015. president rouhani says iran is in a state of economic war and will continue selling oil. there's been an angry response on the streets of tehran. president trump says the us is trying to stop what it calls tehran's destructive behaviour across the middle east. our diplomatic correspondent, james landale, is at the foreign office and explains the impact the sanctions will have on both iran, and here. the international community and iran

did a deal. iran would agree to restrict its nuclear programme and in return it would get some trade with everybody else. the americans have decided that that is no logger working. so they are reimposing sanctions across the board. very competitive sanctions. that's clearly will have an impact on people in the ground in iran. they will find it harder to get food, fuel, medicines. it will impact uk, as well, because british and other european firms and banks will find it much harder to trade with iran, because if they do there is a risk they lose american trade, but also they lose american trade, but also they could incur some american sanctions themselves. so at the moment, the americans say, look, the reason we are doing this is because they believe that iran is going to change its behaviour, that they will suddenly turn a page and become less

aggressive, and start to negotiate. the people here at the foreign office and other european countries, are much more sceptical. europe still backs the iran nuclear deal and opposes the american sanctions. diplomats say, look, at best, iran just sucks up these sanctions and injures the economic hardship, at worst, it could embolden and strengthen the hardliners in the government and they ran. —— they. around 180,000 people can expect a pay rise of £9 per week — because their employers have signed up to the voluntary real living wage scheme. it's based on what a full—time worker with a family needs to survive — and it's over a pound an hour more than the minimum wage. but there's concern it could cause employers to push up prices. our economics correspondent andy verity reports. an inexpensive way to satisfy hungry customers. part of the reason it's cheap is the staff at this award—winning chippie in south london are paid modestly, and might

themselves struggle to afford a more expensive meal. i look around for bargains, especially on meat. because i think meat has gone out of proportion in prices. about 5,000 employeer, including a third of the biggest employers in the country, have signed up to a voluntary scheme to pay what's described as a real living wage, worked out by the charity the living wage foundation. it is substantially more than the legal minimum wage set by the government of £7.83 per hour if you are over 25. employers signed up to the voluntary scheme will raise wages by 25p an hour to £9 an hour. and by 35p per hour for staff working in london. this year we've seen private rental costs go up, council tax go up, public transport has got more expensive, and the basic price of the sort of basic goods you buy in your supermarket shop has also gone up. all of that has come together to mean that people need more this year to meet their basic costs of living. other costs have been rising,

such as in the case of a chippie, potatoes, squeezing employers' profit margins. the price of your fish and chips pays for a lot more than just fish and chips and may have to rise to fund living wages for staff. we need to increase our staff salary because the cost of living is going up. and it's london prices, london rents, transport, travelling — it is expensive. and it's not fair on them. we want quality people to work here, and we need to pay a fair wage. premiership football clubs are under pressure because while they pay top players up to £300,000 per week, it's nearly a thousand times as much as they pay to casual and contract workers on minimum wage. while four premiership clubs have signed up to pay all staff the living wage, many top playing clubs, such as manchester united and manchester city, still haven't. andy verity, bbc news. now good news if you're a fan of the spice girls —

they've announced they are to reunite for their first tour around the uk in a decade. # la la la la la la...# they shared the news on their official twitter page with a video — but revealed that posh spice, victoria beckham won't be joining the group for their re—launch. the group will begin the tour with six uk dates — starting with manchester, in june 2019. the headlines on bbc news... the metropolitan police says they'll step up patrols on the streets of the capital — after four fatal stabbings in the last five days. east sussex becomes the latest council to cut key services to avoid a budget crisis. donald trump and barack obama both on the campaign trail — with just hours to go until america's crucial mid—term elections. an update on the market numbers for you — here's how london's and frankfurt ended the day. the dax down, the ftse are. a

similar mixed bag with the dow and the nasdaq. it's been accused by britain of the novichok poisoning in salisbury and of malign activity around the world. the gru, russian military intelligence, is the most controversial spy agency in vladimir putin's russia. today it's celebrating its 100th anniversary with events right across russia. our moscow correspondent, steve rosenberg, attended one party in the town of beloretsk in eastern russia. it did not look much like a birthday party. russian seemingly fighting to the death. but in a beloretsk, this was a special anniversary show for the 100th birthday of russia's military intelligence service, the gru.

there were soldiers past and present here, watching, remembering those who had given their lives for the motherland. they paraded through the town, with one of the symbols of russian military intelligence, the bat, the animal that can hear everything. but this may not be such a happy birthday for the gru. the unmasking of the two salisbury poisoning suspects as gru agents has embarrassed moscow, and thrust the organisation into public view. awkward for a secretive spy agency. britain says that the organisation russians are celebrating today, the gru is a threat to british citizens and to britain's allies. but through the state—controlled media here, russians are told a different story. that it is the west threatening

moscow, that the gru is protecting russia. dimitri tells me that if what the west is saying about the gru is true, it means the russian agents are doing a good job, it means they are scared of us. not everyone here is so upbeat, with the gru also implicated in election meddling in the west, and in a failed coup in montenegro, some russians believe the spy agency is playing a dangerous game. translation: this situation is not normal. if every country did the kind of things that gru are accused of, this could end very badly for the whole world. as for the show, well, it ends bizarrely. and rather violently. when russia has a problem, it throws everything at it, all its power.

then again, if there is one thing that russia despises, it is weakness. it plays tough, and it plays to win. and controversy about its intelligence agencies isn't going to change that. you're looking at thousands of flames, individual torches lit by beefeaters in the moat of the tower of london. they're part of a new art installation to commemorate the centenary of the end of the first world war. it'll run every night leading up to and including armistice day on sunday. our special correspondent allan little reports on how the nation's understanding of the war — and its consequences — have changed in the past 100 years. no war in history had demanded so much, mobilised so many or killed in such numbers.

and when it was over, the men who fought it began asking questions that have never gone away. what was it for? and was it worth it? we remember them now, with public reverence, but the way that we think about the war they fought has changed dramatically in the 100 years since it ended. this is drybugh abbey in the scottish borders, where britain's military commander, earl douglas haig is buried. when he died ten years after the war ended, he was a venerated public figure. the architect of victory and national salvation. his funeral procession in both london and edinburgh drew more than1 million people to be streets. haig's reputation is risen and fallen over the century, as each new generation reinterprets the first world war in the light of its own values. by the 1960s, haig was not a national hero any more,

he was a public villain, the butcher of the somme who had sent hundreds of thousands of young men to their deaths needlessly. in this version, the war was above all, futile. in 1917, the war poets, wilfred owen and siegfried sassoon met here at craiglockhart war hospital in edinburgh. but it was not until the 1960s, the age of emerging youth culture, vietnam and anti—war sentiment, that their depiction of the horror and pity of the war gained widespread popular traction. it's timed well both in terms of the cultural narrative, but also the military political scene within the world at that time. and all of those things have come colliding together and given owen a renaissance and a rebirth, and a message of futility was really strong and people's narrative at that time. the britain that emerged from the armistice

would never be the same. the war had had a powerful, democratising effect, for the men who fought it, came home to demand a new place in society for the common citizen. we were promised lands for heroes to live in and all that sort of thing. but when we came back, we found nothing. there was no cheering, no singing. we were drained of all emotion, really. that's what it amounted to, you see. they started marching around the campus singing out, "we want food! we want money! " the government was obviously very concerned about what would happen when the guys came back, particularly because the labour party had grown, and then there would be the russian revolution in 1917, so they were really scared there would be some socialist uprising. but the term citizenship comes into use in the 1920s and 1930s, which never had been before, because the british were subjects of the crown, they weren't citizens. which i think is something new after the war. they thought they had fought the war that would end all wars. they had not. but the britain we inherited today,

its citizens' democracy, grew out of their extraordinary sacrifice. now it's time for a look at the weather with ben rich. need to wrap up to warmley this bonfire night, it is marred out there. things will stay mild. as we go through tonight, central and eastern hours could catch the odds spot of rain, the odd drizzly shower. greater chance of seeing rain in northern ireland, western scotland, wales and the south—west. the winds coming from the south of the south—east, it will be mild, 9-11d. the south—east, it will be mild, 9—11d. maybe a bit of fog and mist tomorrow morning. a lot of dry weather, some spells of sunshine, and one of two light showers passing

through. further west, it and one of two light showers passing through. furtherwest, it will and one of two light showers passing through. further west, it will be windy, it will also turn increasingly west that south—west of inman, wales and south—west scotland. another mild day, maybe 17 degrees. still relatively mild on wednesday and thursday, often windy, with some spells of rain at times. hello, i'm ros atkins, this is outside source. it's one day to go until elections in the usa, a chance for voters to send a message to the white house, after two years of donald trump as president. the president has been speaking at a rally in ohio, looking to persuade voters to back republican candidates for governor and for congress. if the radical democrats take power, they will take a wrecking ball to our economy and our future. they will take a wrecking ball to our economy and ourfuture. a wrecking ball. the us says it will put relentless pressure on iran as it restores all the sanctions it lifted under the 2015 nuclear deal. emotional scenes in indonesia as relatives confront officials

after the black box shows the crashed plane flew four times with faulty equipment. and...