this is bbc news, the headlines: wildfires burning out of control in california have killed at least five people. the deaths occurred in butte county, where a massive blaze has devastated the town of paradise. the bodies of the dead were found in burnt—out cars. tens of thousands of people have been forced to evacuate their homes. theresa may's brexit plans have suffered another blow at a critical time in the negotiations, with the resignation of the transport minister, jojohnson. and the prime minister and the french president, emmanuel macron, have laid a wreath at the thiepval memorial in france as part of ceremonies marking one hundred years since the end of the first world war. now on bbc news, it's time to click. this week cole what's happened to

fa ke this week cole what's happened to fake news? click here. what happened to the real newsreader? click here. and remembering the first world war 100 yea rs remembering the first world war 100 years on. the news. we used to trust it. if it was on screen 01’ the news. we used to trust it. if it was on screen or in print, we believed it. but a few years ago, the lies online started to look really realistic.

phoney news websites with convincing looking stories, shared by your friends on social media. the fake news era was born. and once we'd all become aware that fa ke and once we'd all become aware that fake news was a thing, the term spread and the meaning blurred. the fake news. fake news. fake news. fake, fake, you have to leave that word. you have a lot of political actors that have been westernising the term fake news to describe any kind of media they don't think is favourable. i'm not going to give you... you are fa ke i'm not going to give you... you are fake news. the social media platforms are trying to stop and block fake news websites, but the problem is, a lot of the time the lies are woven in with truths and opinion. it's all just too hazy. there are parts of it

that are truthful but maybe the information that doesn't match it. so there are many different areas. misinformation isn't necessarily one different light spread with one headline, there's a lot of things that are more nuanced. fake news is used and referenced for many reasons. to destabilise. to create doubt in the mainstream media. but in eastern europe, it's a lwa ys media. but in eastern europe, it's always been about the money. 18 months ago, carl miller visited kosovo to research the fake news industry there, and now as part of the bbc‘s fake news season, we've sent him back to see how facebook‘s war on sent him back to see how facebook‘s waron fake sent him back to see how facebook‘s war on fake news has changed the landscape. the thing that really intrigues me about kosovo is this is the youngest country in europe, it's got one of the best internet connections in europe and the internet is really seen as one europe and the internet is really seen as one of the main drivers to gain access to international markets and work. 18 months ago, these factors meant

kosovo's fake news industry was bustling, but after the social media clampdown, what, if anything, has actually changed. it is wild these days. it is wild, yes. a lot of people are making a lot of money. my lot of money. my journey begins making lot of money. myjourney begins making gaz. it is ha rd to myjourney begins making gaz. it is hard to get fake news merchants to speak on canada but gaz says after seven yea rs, speak on canada but gaz says after seven years, he's giving it up. he certainly seems well plugged into the scene. here he is showing me... fake news merchants swap and sell and trade cigarettes. this is a starter pack for fake news. yes, definitely. i'm told up to 4096 of kosovan youth are involved in fake news. who could be a fake news merchant? anyone who owns and knows how to use a computer. do you have to be technically savvy, do you have to be technically savvy, do you have to know how to code? not really. even to get around facebook‘s

detection techniques? no, you can copy and paste stories. gaz tells me the scene is still very active, but as facebook has clamped down, the focus of fake news merchants has started to shift. the way you make money like this online is to get as many people as possible clicking on your content. the more clicks, the more you can make from your content. platforms like facebook can pay for your clicks internally but you can also get paid by taking people to external websites, where again, how much you get paid is based on the side of your audience. before the clampdown, the best way of getting the clicks was pushing out fake news but since then many people spreading fake news have started to weaponised other content. fake news merchants have now morphed into click bait merchants. this could still mean posting fake and misleading stories but it increasingly means posting pictures of scantily clad women, fancy cars

or gossip, anything that gets eyes evenif or gossip, anything that gets eyes even if it is untrue. i've heard there are thousands of people scattered around kosovo making money like this. but it's all very secretive. eventually one such successful click bait merchant agreed to talk to me. i had to travel outside pristina in the dead of night to meet him. the easiest trick is to have a page you know is going to sell more because you know it's going to be clicked on but you don't actually know what's being shared. in this group, say i have a page with 300,000 likes, but a prize of 1300 to 1400 euros. it all depends on what kind of audience i have. if i posted to us the prize will be double because pay per click is better for that audience. in the first mp opens multiple facebook accou nts first mp opens multiple facebook accounts with multiple ip addresses. translation: i can open tender died with different ips, some will get

shut down, someone, depends how well you can cheat facebook honestly —— ten there are different ways. we sponsor ads and open fake profiles, mostly of girls and we like pages with these profiles. we also share the pages among the pages we already have. you grow a new page by linking it to one of your more mature pages and when that's got to a big enough size, you might sell it? jesse, that's how it works. for instance, have a page with cars that there's a lot of money to be made from this? i have a page about cars with 100 or 120,000 likes, bring that onto my facebook page and without audience i can earn 50 a day. with several such

would you recommend that career for young people now? yes, of course, for anyone who can get around and understand this world, it's worth it. you'll never be broke. icame it. you'll never be broke. i came back to pristina to see more about what's going on under the bonnet of the fake news industry. the facebook closed groups that gaz showed me was where the buying and selling of pages and audiences was all happening. he's selling facebook pages, thousands of followers. here he showing me a facebook page with 189,000 likes up for sale, but you can also place orders. this person's asking for a website that will generate daily traffic of 10,000. but all this buying and selling of pages with huge audiences orfalse selling of pages with huge audiences

or false accounts of fatal likes or fa ke or false accounts of fatal likes or fake ip addresses is all against facebook‘s rules, and this it's co nsta ntly facebook‘s rules, and this it's constantly happening? yes, these people know each other and we work together again, inviting people, those writers, people know each other. and there are strong norms against speaking out, which is why they're so secretive. ironically it's the weapon of fake news itself thatis it's the weapon of fake news itself that is used against anyone who betrays the group. yes, they can report me to facebook. they can say hack my page, post fake news and if they present a convincing justification, facebook believes them. because in the end of this is all about the money. . —— big—money. while for now facebook does seem to have slowed the tide of fake news from here, as long as our appetite

for misinformation remains, there's plenty around the world ready to feed it. wow. that was carl. this is carl. what a fascinating story. what are your impressions of the people doing this that you met over there, it seems to me a bit like a start—up sort of culture? they are. they're young, dynamic, entrepreneurial, they're how they're finding opportunities and they're not monsters. they're doing something that is wrong and can have horrible consequences but they're also doing something that is giving them for once in their lives a decent living. also in their eyes, they often think, well, this click bait kind of says more about us than it does about them. they're simply trying to show as the content that we click on. so the motivation is obvious, they can make a lot more money than they can doing otherjobs but ultimately they're doing something that does no good. it is all the nasty stuff at the end of the webpage that we're invited to click on. so are there opportunities for these people to use their skills

ina for these people to use their skills in a better way? there are far to view opportunities for them to use their skills in any other way. i began to see fake news and click bait at least in the context of kosovo like a cash crop of poppies. it's something that doesn't do any good to the people that grow it, it doesn't do anything good for us, the consumers, but for them is the easiest and most accessible way of making a living and you don't get rid of that problem by burning the fields, you also get the problem with the farmers, in this case the click bait merchants, by giving them something better to do. what do you make of the facebook reforms, the impact on those people and how effective they've been? facebook has been wielding a sledgehammer. the worry is it might not be hitting the right places. for sure, time and time againi places. for sure, time and time again i heard, in group after group being shut down, facebook is being very active here, they're really trying to close the industry down but often i don't think they've destro and 80 themselves between groups that are sharing fake news

and other groups which are simply sharing perfectly legitimate forms of co nte nt sharing perfectly legitimate forms of content they want people to click on, which is brightly what lots of people do all over the place. do you think this isjust people do all over the place. do you think this is just an ongoing battle and facebook closes down one method and facebook closes down one method and these people just moved to another, and this is... i do. the most surprisingly it for me was to find a service centre majority for facebook merchants and as soon as you have that, specialists, programmes and coders, you get information and the tools of that being sold in these groups are co nsta ntly being sold in these groups are constantly changing and as facebook brings in one reform, they bring in new tools and tips and techniques to get around this. it's an arms race, it really is, and not one where facebook will be able to prevail. it is an blue one they going to happen to manage. carl, fascinating job. thank you. hello and welcome to the week in tech. it's been pretty bizarre. bill gates had his hands full, hopefully

not literally, calling for better lavatory tech at the reinvented toilet expo in china. a 15—year—old australian boy was crowned overall winner at the drone racing world championships. and after several yea rs of championships. and after several years of teasing, samsung finally showed off it's brand—new... wait for it... wait for it foldable phone. it does everything you'd expect from a phone, except it folds. good! it was also the week china state tv showed off a off a synthesised artificially intelligent news anchor. he's not real! he's not real! researchers at mit have developed drone technology that could be used to find hikers that are lost in the wilderness. the autonomous system uses a 3—d laser scanner to create a virtual model of the area, allowing the fleet of flying bots to work

together and even tell each other if an area has already been mapped. and finally, a new bot marketed as the world's most advanced social robot proves that hats really are so last year. it projects different faces last year. it projects different fa ces o nto last year. it projects different faces onto its head shaped display, and hopes to make human robot interaction feel much more natural. personally, i'm not creep out at all! -- personally, i'm not creep out at all! —— creaked. what is chilling examples of how convincing fake news could become is deep leg. the's etam given to artificial intelligence techniques that swap people's faces in videos, sea mlessly that swap people's faces in videos, seamlessly putting them into situations that never happened. we first cover the phenomena earlier in the year when eddie usually —— user—friendly deep fakes out maybe technology freely available online. we all share the same hive —— home.

it seems the ai genie is out of the bottle. for a lot of kids the doors that have been opened to me are not open to them. we are yet to see deep! an impact in real news, but you can imagine the implications if we can't tell what's real. the new tools developed by darpa's media forensics project claim to be able to spot a! forgeries. 0ne forensics project claim to be able to spot a! forgeries. one big giveaway? they really bring —— blink. another potential giveaway is to look for signs of life, literally. subtle changes in skin tone invisible to the human eye that can reveal a human pulse. currently deep fakes algorithms can't consistently replicate the subtleties. but as the technique develops, how long will that last? so the future of this tech definitely has some murky possibilities, but we are starting to see some genuinely useful applications of it, too. you's lara.

yes, there is definitely a dark side to fakery, but there are also some exciting possibilities. we have put a new algorithm to the test here at the bbc, with newsreader matthew. today he is presenting, well, his own net news, in more languages than he can actually speak. own net news, in more languages than he can actually speaklj own net news, in more languages than he can actually speak. i am second—generation british. my pa rents second—generation british. my parents originally came to the uk in 1959. ijoined him to watch the magic unfolds. what did you think watching that? it is incredible, actually, and unsettling. because i know i can't do that and you see they have made me look as though i can. for this to work the lighting and the camera angle need to bejust this to work the lighting and the camera angle need to be just right. i can't speak any foreign languages... this isn't a video

editing. the footage is broken down into data, with neural networks tracking his lip movements as well as those of voice actors who are speaking the same words, in this case in hindi, mandarin, and spanish. now comes the trek, because once the system has mapped out and understands how the mouths of both matthew and the voice actors move, the software can switch these over, manipulating matthew's lips to mouth of the translated words. —— trick. this is the brainchild of a london based start—up, a company dreaming of making affordable hollywood type special effects available to the masses. although we tested it here in the new setting. it currently ta kes a in the new setting. it currently takes a whole day to create a digital model of a person. of course the aim is for this to be possible

on any video, regardless of how it is being filmed. although in a world where that becomes simpler even the company itself can recognise the implications. so regards to trust and videos and photos, and what is going to happen, i think photoshopped was released in 1990. saint—leonard bika —— has become very easy to edit images, you can edit the background, all these things that is done to most of the images that you view on the internet. it is going to happen to video, iam internet. it is going to happen to video, i am convinced. internet. it is going to happen to video, iam convinced. i internet. it is going to happen to video, i am convinced. i think humans will adapt to the fact that, just like we don't take photos at face value, we can't take videos at face value, we can't take videos at face value, we can't take videos at face value, necessarily. so while the possibilities are exciting, we may just grow a the possibilities are exciting, we mayjust grow a little bit more suspicious of everything we watch. that was la rocca with matthew, who can now appear to speak spanish, which is pretty darn clever —— la roja. ili back to that technique is that it

roja. ili back to that technique is thatitis roja. ili back to that technique is that it is not actually matthew's voice we are here on, it is someone else's. —— i suppose the only drawback. someone must have looked ina bag. drawback. someone must have looked in a bag. julia's loved former tayo... —— in a bag. julia's loved former tayo. .. —— lefort in a bag. julia's loved former tayo... —— lefort matej. this is a speech synthesis system by lyburd ai. just by listening to a few audio samples of someone talking it can reproduce their voice digitally. like this. i am donald trump and i think that my digital voice is quite impressive. it has been trained on many, impressive. it has been trained on any impressive. it has been trained on many, many voices. it has taught itself what makes each voice different. that means that you don't have to record every phone in, every single sound that your voice can make. amazingly, it has found a more efficient way of sounding like you. the kind of algorithms we are using, it is deep learning or neural

networks. something that makes these kind of algorithms so special is that you don't need to give them specific things to look for. and so this dna of the voice, we know that you are able to synthesise new voice is based on this and they will sound like the original voices, but we don't really know what is inside of them. so it is a beautiful black box. version one was trained on american voices, which is why it is synthesise worse as a slight american twang. but now an using a prototype of version two, which has been trained using spanish voices. and this is the result. is this not just is this notjust the same as taking what i am saying, turning it into text, and putting it through an online translation tool and then

getting the resulting text and putting it through lyrebird? got exactly. there are some words in spanish that are not common in other different languages. so we could make you pronounce that sound, in your voice, even if you were not able to pronounce it before. light heavyweight of this translation? -- why have you added? imagine if we could do dubbing automatically. if you have a course on mexican cooking you have a course on mexican cooking you could have it spoken in english or in italian or many other different languages on the same time as they are being released. lyrebird has already used its tech for good, banking the voices of those with motor neurone disease so they can still use their voice after they lose their ability to speak. what motivates you? i want to make my best effort into preventing that this kind of technology is misused

or is used for other or some people or is used for other or some people or it is used to steal the identities of people or create political instability. you think it may be possible to deploy deep learning in your network's artificial intelligence to spot the fa kes ? artificial intelligence to spot the fakes? definitely. this is something we are working internally as one of the potential preventative measures of this technology. however, i think that the problem with this is that, long—term, is that the generated and the real will be basically impossible to distinguish one from each other. and so that's why i believe that the solution, the ultimate solution to this kind of issueis ultimate solution to this kind of issue is educating the public and letting them be suspicious of the media. it's100 years since the end of the first world war, which makes

this remembrance sunday and even more poignant and special day. one of the many commemorations taking place around commonwealth nations is being tested here, at the royal chelsea hospital, a retirement home for british army veterans. it's called nothing to be written. it is an immersive experience —based remy sending and receiving of the so—called field postcards that soldiers wrote during the great war. —— based on the sending and receiving. it has parallels to text m essa 9 es receiving. it has parallels to text messages that people can say now. that thing where there is not a loss of message that you can put into it, you can't tell the stories, but it is just you can't tell the stories, but it isjust a connection you can't tell the stories, but it is just a connection to say i'm 0k, i'm thinking of you. but that was really beautiful. a century after the suppose at war to end all wars this is a highly emotive insight into what it was like both at home

and in the trenches. there are no visuals hear of the brutality of war. these guys have already seen it too much of that. absolutely incredible. and it feels coles. the sun has come out right. this is absolutely amazing — — sun has come out right. this is absolutely amazing —— cold. 0ne sun has come out right. this is absolutely amazing —— cold. one of the things about this session is that i was looking up at the sky and the colours of the sky. i thought that was brilliant. i take my headset off. right. that was so realistic. you were there in the trenches. what they did, what they wanted to do, it is to protect the country. many of them lost their lives. and i hope it has gone to

people now these days what it was all about. very emotional. because i was with them. hello. with the weekend now upon us, the weather is looking rather mixed the next few days. we had heavy rain around during the day on friday. this was taken by a weather watcher in warwickshire. big shower clouds around there. through the weekend we keep that unsettled theme to things. the most persistent rain is clearing, but it will be a weekend of sunny spells and blustery showers, which at times will bring the threat of hail and thunder. the reason things are so unsettled is the area of low pressure sitting to the north—west of the uk. showers feeding in a round that. fairly tightly spaced isobars leads to a blustery feel to the weather on saturday. the most persistent rain on this front will clear away towards the east. a chilly, fresh start

to the day with sunny spells. plenty of scattered showers moving in on that south—westerly wind. there will be affecting parts of southern and south—western england, wales, north—west england into southern scotland as well. nowhere really immune to catching a shower through the day on saturday. pretty mild still with the southerly or south—westerly winds. 11—14 degrees. the showers is a little bit through saturday evening, but then the next lot feeding in again as we head into the early hours of sunday morning. plenty of across southern and south—eastern england and across the irish sea coast as well. remembrance sunday, of course, will bring us a mixed picture. low pressure sitting to the north—west of the uk for remembrance day on sunday, we will see further showers. it won't be a washout. there will be sunshine in between. it's parts of the west that will be more prone to seeing the showers. western scotland, north—west england, scotland, wales, southern parts of england at times.

sunday should be a drier day compare to the showers we will see on saturday. temperatures are reasonably mild, 10—14 degrees. 0nto monday, a quick look into next week, we have those south—westerly winds. another day of sunny spells and some scattered showers, particularly affecting coastal areas for southern england and around these irish sea coasts as well. there will be some sunshine for east of scotland on the north—east of england, it will be quite mild. a frost free start to the day on monday. temperatures by the afternoon up to 11— 14 degrees. the outlook further ahead through the course of next week, we will continue with the unsettled thing for a time. sunny spells are around, showers into the middle of the week, temperatures should stay on the mild side, 14—15 degrees. bye— bye. welcome to bbc news — broadcasting to viewers in north america and around the globe.

i'm reged ahmad. our top stories: wildfires burning out of control in california claim five lives. tens of thousands of people are forced to evacuate. we're hearing disturbing reports from inside paradise itself about many deaths and injuries there. yemeni forces attack key positions in a major port city. aid agencies say the increased fighting could trigger a famine. and with concerns about rising anti—semitism, we report from germany on the 80th anniversary of kristallnacht — the orchestrated nazi attack on the jewish community. a moving remembrance in london, marking 100 years since the end of the first world war.