told the bbc that claiming the king or crown prince knew about a plot to kill the journalist is inaccurate, and saying anything disparaging about them crosses a red line. a row has broken out between donald trump and the chiefjustice of the us supreme court. john roberts has taken the very unusual step of rebuking the president for describing a colleague as an obama judge. thejudge had ruled against the trump administration's attempt to prevent migrants claiming asylum. a british student is beginning a life sentence in prison in the united arab emirates for spying for the british government. matthew hedges was there researching the country's foreign and internal security policies when he was detained in dubai by the authorities in may. his wife says he's innocent. you are up—to—date with the headlines. it is just about 3:30am.

now on bbc news, click. this week: robo—surgeons... ..swinging superstars... ..and sean bean toilet duck. here on click, we are constantly coming across jawdropping medical marvels. from robo—nurses, to ai which can outdiagnose experts. we have seen the future of medicine evolving before our eyes. it is fair to say medicine has come a long way. this is the old operating theatre museum in london. of course there is an old operating theatre museum, why wouldn't there be? back in the late 1800s for example,

this was the cutting edge — literally. and in the 130 years since, surgery has changed beyond recognition. but, as with all technology, we mustn't become overreliant on it. we mustn't think that it will do everything and we mustn't think that it will work every time. last week, we were given a sombre reminder of this when an inquest found that a cardiac patient, stephen petit, had died as a result of undergoing pioneering heart surgery using a da vinci robot. had the surgery had been of the traditional kind, he almost certainly would have survived. i think if a surgeon is going to use a robot, and use is the right technical term, he has to be very well practised with it. i think that was an example where the team were not sufficiently trained or prepared

to do that operation. and therefore, it was a very, very, very long operation that ultimately went badly. we reached out to intuitive surgical, the company behind the robot used in the stephen petit operation. they provided a statement expressing their condolences to his family and reiterating that patient safety is their priority. but they said they don't provide and can't enforce a mandatory medical training regime before a surgeon uses their robotic system. this training and validation remains with hospitals. they say that more than 5 million da vinci robot procedures have been performed by more than 40,000 surgeons trained worldwide. so, where now for robotic surgery? well, paul carter has been to see one robo—manufacturer‘s centre of operations, as well as getting an inside look at real—life surgery. at london's royal marsden hospital,

we have been allowed to see the surgical robots in action. following the death of stephen petit, it was interesting to find out all about how surgeons are trained in vr and how they overcome losing the sense of touch they would have if they were using the hands. before anyone goes anywhere near a patient they are expected to do a good deal of training on that system in virtual reality beforehand. yes, you lose the tactile feedback but you have got very clear imaging and you can very clearly and precisely define your dissection. i think that is important, we call that haptic feedback, tactile feedback, and it is something that is very important in certain circumstances. it was something that i worried about as i started my training in robotics, but i developed a visual feedback, you can tell how much tension you are putting under

the tissues just by looking at them. in this procedure, robotic technology will be used to remove a cancerous tumour in the patient‘s stomach, with fluorescent dye used to light up the area. during the procedure, surgeon miles smith, assisted by assad chowdry, controls three robotic arms which he manipulates to remove the tumour. the aim is to greatly reduce surgical trauma as the robot method is far less invasive than more traditional laproscopic surgeries. the da vinci robot makes it possible for surgeons to operate deep inside the body through microscopic incisions. have to keep your voice down a little bit because this is quite a critical part of the operation and what is actually happening behind me is that they are putting ports into the patient‘s stomach where the robot will dock onto in order to perform the actual operation a little bit later on. the robotic console actually uses keyhole surgery, whereby instruments enter the patient‘s body through small holes instead of large cuts. that means less blood

loss, less trauma and also quicker recoveries. the robot has four arms, three of which carry tiny surgical instruments and one of which sports a camera. ports need to be put in place before the robot can be wheeled in to dock its arms. after the robot arms have successfully been attached, the surgeons relocate to consoles in a different part of the room. what is remarkable about this system is it is genuinely remote. you can see the arms moving behind me and they almost look like they are moving independently, they are actually being controlled by miles, who is sat at a console several feet away from the patient. the remote consoles provide the surgeons with 3d visualisations and magnified images allowing complex dissection or reconstruction. so, through these eyepieces here we can actually see a 3d representation of the inside of the patient‘s abdomen, which is slightly not what i was expecting to look at this morning. compared what we are looking

at before on the screens it's much more vivid and you get a sense of depth in terms of what they are actually operating on. the surgeon controls the arms through finger loops that mimic the hands‘ natural movement. the hand gestures are translated into smaller, more precise motions while filtering out tremors. they move naturally and then what you can do is to move forward, it is like pulling a newspaper towards yourself. the cameras can also switch from black and white to colour, meaning that fluorescent dye can be used inside the body to isolate tumours. so the tumour has just been cut off, for want of a better phrase. it is just extraordinary, put in a little tool and bagged it up. yes, that's it. let's take it out of the ports. intuitive surgery, who make the system used at the royal marsden, have almost

complete market dominance. but now, new robotic surgery players are starting to emerge. we've come to california to visit alaris health, who are developing robotics for a different type of surgical procedure. alaris' monarch platform concentrates on endoscopy, a procedure which allows treatments to be given to organs through natural openings, such as the mouth, meaning no incisions are required. it can manourvre through patient‘s airways, even into the far and narrow parts of the lungs, and combined with ct scans, it can provide a gps map of the patient‘s internal organs, allowing surgeons to navigate precisely to areas of concern. so it is notjust a case of a surgeon blindly navigating their way through until they find it. this is actually following a map. exactly right. that's exactly right. and an analogy i like use is this is my windshield, i keep my focus on the patient‘s anatomy, this is my map, it will inform me as i go. what is remarkable about this system

is that it is taking something that is actually quite complex, this is the representation of the insides of a person, and it is taking it down to something actually quite intuitive and quite simple. i am using what is essentially a modified games controller to operate this scope here. and i am no surgeon, i have been using this for a couple of minutes and i am able to make quite precise movements. it's pretty extraordinary. it's clear that robotics finding different surgical niches is one area of growth, but what else does the future hold for surgical robotics? there's no reason why in the future we shouldn't be able to train robots to differentiate between structures that we want to preserve and structures that we want to remove. perhaps a bit like driverless cars, but in this case a surgeonless robot. possibly under the control of the surgeon. perhaps certain parts

of the operation might be automated, you might set things up in a certain way and almost press play so it complete a set programme. i don't see them taking over from us, but i see them certainly assisting us. hello and welcome to the week in tech. it was the week that amazon announced the location of its second headquarters. well, second and third. it will be split between new york city and arlington, virginia. and the new york times has accused facebook of having a pr firm to discredit critics and competitors. facebook has responded by saying that there are a number of inaccuracies in the report and that they have since cut ties with the company involved. brace yourselves people, we can see this one going on for a while. and china's sunwei supercomputer has been pushed off the top place of world's most powerful machines.

the new number one is summit by ibm. scientists in bristol have developed a game lab to better entertain our second closest relatives, gorillas. cameras, sensors and microchips are hidden in an interactive unit, which is providing researchers greater insight into their enjoyment and could help them better understand how primates solve complex problems. and just when you thought the world couldn't get any more bizarre, check this out. it is the happiest day of this 35—year—old man's life as he lifts up the veil of his bride to kiss her. the only snag is she is a virtual reality pop star. hatsuni was represented by a stuffed doll during the $18,000 tokyo wedding. back home, a holographic version of her literally lights up when her husband gets in from work. yep, it is a weird, weird world. now, we dedicated much of last

week's programme to issues surrounding fake news. we took you to kosovo to look at the fake news factories based there and found that facebook did seem to be having some success in taming the problem. well, this week we are off to india, arguably the new epicentre of fake news. there, it travels largely on another platform, whatsapp, which means it is a lot harder to police and it is having some really severe consequences. david rees has been investigating. i am on the prowl for cheap mobile data. so tell me, what is the deal? 149 for one month. how much data do i get? 1.4 gigabytes a day. 1.4 gigabytes a day, 149 rupees a month, come on, that is just... 42 gig of mobile data costs $2 in india, in the uk, £40 or £50, in the us, $100.

0bviously people here earn far less than they do in the us or uk, still, mobile internet is so cheap here that it is knocking up around 500 million users. and that is throwing up issues. the most serious of which, is fake news. this man runs a site that is debunking the rising tide of fakery, evidenced earlier this year when every story on youtube‘s india trending feed turned out false. scroll through his site and much there is clearly fake, but for many who are new to modern media, it is believable, even important. nowadays if you look at a lot of content is getting created all in indian languages and that reaches out to the entire spectrum of people in india, not just the educated class. and it is in sheltered, rural communities where sham stories do most damage.

many have been killed this year in mob violence triggered by false rumours of child abductions. so, how do you deal with this? well, you have to act quickly, because according to recent research, bad news travels fast, fake news travels faster still — and further. and we can all spread it when we rub up against one another in public, online spaces, each of us can carry or catch the contagion. researchers at delhi's indian institute of technology are using the same maths for modelling epidemic disease to understand how false rumours spread. the main driver is trust. i believe what you say because i know you, or i know that you think like the way i do. the same trust we want to use in the opposite direction. if you trust me and you tell me something i know to be fake, if i told you that is fake, stop spreading it, there is a chance

you may stop spreading it. we are talking about inoculation of sorts, using the trust that is already present. you can just see how a trusted community leader in the loop could help quell panic from a mischievous rumour. but you cannot help wondering whether the tech companies could do more. in your tools, do support other languages, the answer is ' they have a local team who sells ads out here, right? so it's not that — sales happens out of the us or uk place. you can put a sales team out there, why can't you put a fake news reduction team out here as well? google likes to wave algorithms at issues. it is now highlighting authoritative sources for some countries and also trains localjournalists to fight local fa kery. we'll have to wait and see whether its hands—off approach stems the fake news epidemic.

that was david in india. next we're going to talk golf — a stubbornly traditional sport, but one which is ready to embrace the newest technology, as lara lewington has been finding out. this is wentworth club, which in just a few years is going to be celebrating its centenary. but over that 100 years, a lot has changed. in recent times, much of that has come down to technology. so we are going to go and see how both amateurs and professionals have been making good use of that. lasers, radars, sensors, and motion capture have transformed data collection. and analysing these statistics means training and play can be more precise than ever before. and who better to show us in one of the greatest golfers on the planet?

francesco molinari, fresh from wins this year in both the ryder cup and the open championship. one of the difficulties of golf is that there are so many elements, and even so many parts of the body moving through the swing, that any little difference, any little difference makes a change. those tiny differences are captured by the kind of tech usually reserved for big budget hollywood films. 27 reflective markers over his body help to create a digital double that allows francesco's famous swing to be analysed in detail. this will pick up endless, endless parameters, in terms of his alignment, how his body is moving and his flexibility, his weight movement. the system has picked up hundreds of thousands of swings and golf shots, which has become our database. 0ptical motion capture analysis uses high—speed cameras to capture every movement in the body and club.

this provides francesco's team with data that would have been impossible to measure a few years ago. this is trackman. the radar basically picks up all the data surrounding the golf ball, surrounding the golf club. it picks out points of that and that gives us the data that we can see. so we have ball speed, we've got launch angles, we know how high the ball launched out of the golf club. 15 years ago we would have been in the field watching the ball, whereas now we can physically see. slightly intimidating being this close, but i guess he does know how to hit the ball the right way. the technology tracks the distance, power, and trajectory of the ball, using a combination of hd cameras and a doppler radar. it also measures microwave

transitions that reflect back from a moving golf club and ball. you hear it where you say players have a good feel. we're putting numbers on the feel. in a way we're calibrating feel. without the technology we would have no benchmark. it would be one of those. but this gives us hard data. it is a crucial measuring tool. 0therwise, if you think about it, old school, you would hit all five balls and go look at them and measure them and write them all out. that's the only way that you are going to learn — to have immediate feedback — and this is sensational for that. but is this in some ways ruining the game? before it was a lot of guessing going on, and really going on the feel of the players, and ourfeel. there is now just a lot more feedback. it's objective, numbers. these people with lasers zapping our ball after every shot

so we know exactly how far we hit every shot, how far off—line, how farfrom the flag. so far, it has been impossible to track everything, but with the technology you've seen today, we're getting closer and to getting exactly an idea of what is going on. definitely technology has been a massive help in tracking every ball and getting immediate feedback, so i would would not be as good a player, for sure, without that technology. and that may well be true. but ultimately the player has to be skilled enough to act on the data that is being recorded, and, of course, this is not going to turn just anyone into a star player. that was lara with one of the biggest sporting stars of the moment. and we're going to continue that theme, now, kind of, because mark cieslak has hooked up with on of the biggest movei stars of the moment,

sean bean, who is appearing in a videogame near you soon. star of stage plus the big and small screen, sean bean has kicked the bucket a lot of roles he has played. so much so that it's a thing on the internet. and now gamers are going to get the chance to digitally do in the legendary actor when he appears as a special guest target in the videogame hitman 2. good morning, 47. the target is mark faber, also known as the undying. the hitman games cast the player as agent 47, employed by a shadowy organisation to dispatch a series of individuals across the globe, employing a wide variety of weapons, from explosives to seafood. boom. as well as donning deadly disguises to take out their target. it's using your head. while the main game hangs off a single player story mode, it also features a variety of online modes, including targets which only appear for a short period of time

and which the player will only have one attempt to kill. so—called "elusive targets". sean bean is one of these. he plays ex—mis agent mark faber, nicknamed the undying for his ability to fake his own death. it's not death i have cheated, just humans. sean, can you tell us about mark faber, the character you play in hitman 2? he's perfect at what he does. he is very particular. he is skilful, intelligent, he has imagination, above all. he has a price on his head, and he is forever devising new methods — very extravagant methods — of assassination. so he's quite arrogant. he's quite lonely. but he has a certain amount of charm, i think. is there any difference to you in playing a character at a videogame as opposed to playing a character in a movie or tv show? yeah, it was good. it's something i'd

never done before. a character in a videogame, we only filmed for one day, so we had got a small kind of area of being able to develop something, some kind of personality. but i think we did, and i did a lot of voice over for it previously, and you get some idea of who he is, and i think we captured that within a day, and it is out of my hands then. it is different in that you don't have the film for weeks or months and you canjust — i did the initialfilming, then the motion capture, they decided they didn't need me after all, and they have done it, and i thought, "great, that's it, ok. " you have played lots of characters which have met a sticky end and not got to the end of the movie or tv series. is going to be weird being in a game where thousands of players across the world are going to be the ones that are dispatching you? i guess so. i mean, you know, i guess it should be strange to me, but for some reason it's not. i think i have a lot of fun and i'm

a bit cocky and arrogant in it. so, you know, i'm kind of asking for it. laughter. if you play this level, killing yourself... ifi... yeah, yeah. ..killing a virtual version of yourself, what method would you choose, out of all the methods that you got that you can kill the character with? probably something drawnout and bloody and comical. because the true assassin knows the world is always your best weapon. cheers. cieslak and bean, what a double act. and that's it for this week. but don't forget we can be found across social media, youtube, instagram, facebook, and twitter. all you need to do is say "bbc click" and we will be there. thank you for watching.

we will see you soon. hello. we've had that cold wind, some of us have had the first snow of the season, and now the widespread frost going into thursday morning. coldest in the blue here. in fact, parts of southern england could be as low as —7 to start the day. temperatures down the eastern side of the uk recovering a little bit going into the first part of the day, because you will see here increasing cloud, whereas elsewhere, should be a fair amount of sunshine to begin with. but through the day, the cloud is moving west. now, with the clud, you could see a bit of patchy rain and drizzle, and from the word go into parts of eastern scotland. and this is where it's likely to be most persistent as we go through the the day. let's take a closer look at things at 3:00pm in the afternoon.

so you can see the outbreaks of rain, northern and eastern parts of scotland. western fringes of scotland still seeing some sunny spells. northern ireland — early showers clear, and then it's dry with sunny spells here. a lot of cloud through much of northern, central and eastern england. wherever you see that cloud, it could be damp in places, though the rain not amounting to very much. there's still some sunshine through much of wales, the south midlands, and into south—west england. now, the winds are a touch lighter than they've been. temperatures are still for the most part in single figures, but windchill isn't so much of an issue. still going to feel quite cold though, particularly where you find yourself underneath the cloud cover, and you may be seeing a bit of patchy rain. that will continue on and off through thursday night and into friday morning, still more particularly through eastern scotland. and then, to end thursday and through the night into friday, the risk of a few heavy showers into the far south—west of england, maybe clipping south—west wales. not as cold as friday begins, though pockets of rural frost around, as some spots still get close to freezing. then, on through friday,

still some rain affecting parts of eastern scotland, that chance of a shower into the far south—west. could have a bit of hail with these, maybe a rumble of thunder. elsewhere, variable cloud and sunny spells. i think parts of northern ireland, southern scotland, northern england should fare fairly well for sunshine, and temperatures still for the most part in single figures. going into the weekend, low pressure to the south, high pressure to the north, a flow of air coming in from the east. now, much of the uk under the influence of high pressure. but close to southern england, there is a weather front here that could well be producing some outbreaks of rain during saturday. some uncertainty about the exact position of that, so we'll keep you updated. still either some showers or some patchy rain towards north—east scotland. elsewhere it is looking mainly dry. you get to see some sunny spells, temperatures around 7—10 celsius. not much change going into next week. still much of the uk under the influence of high pressure. not particularly warm, but mainly dry. a very warm welcome to bbc news, broadcasting to viewers

in north america and around the globe. my name's mike embley. our top stories: drawing a line in the sand — the murder ofjournalist jamal khashoggi had nothing to do with saudi arabia's royalfamily, its top diplomat tells the bbc. and it is a red line when you have individuals calling for the removal or replacement of a leader. that is ridiculous and unacceptable. an unprecedented rebuke from america's topjudge for president trump, for describing a colleague as an "obama judge." a briton accused of spying in the united arab emirates begins a life sentence in prison. and taking the chair — ahead of the un climate change conference, david attenborough shows off the people's seat, designed to give ordinary people a say.