this is bbc news. the headlines at 11: the home secretary's concern about the sharp increase in migrant boats crossing the to the uk. 18 migrants in two small boats were stopped earlier today in the channel. the traffic is being organised by criminal gangs, according to the home secretary. we track down some of those responsible. translation: boat will cost between £3000 and £4000. taking the people with me, they pay in cash, we get the boat and off we go. hello, nice to meet you. the prime minister sets out on a tour of the uk, trying to sell the brexit deal heavily criticised by mps. a bus company is fined more than £2 million after one of its drivers crashed into a supermarket, killing two people. why the food choices we make are having a major impact on attempts to tackle climate change. it comes down to the key and highly

controversial question, of what we all choose to eat. and tributes to the veteran peer baroness trumpington, a wartime code breaker and former minister, who's died at the age of 96. and at half past eleven we'll be taking an in—depth look at the papers with our reviewers the former trade minister, lord digbyjones, and the guardian columnist, dawn foster. stay with us for that. the home secretary has expressed his concern at the significant increase in migrant boats crossing the english channel. sajid javid says the traffic is being organised by criminal gangs and he's promised more cooperation with the french authorities. this morning 18 migrants (ani) including a baby in two small boats were stopped in the channel. iio migrants, many saying they are iranian nationals, have made it to kent this month alone. all of them have been passed

to immigration officials. the french police say they believe the recent surge is down to tighter security at eurotunnel and also to brexit, with migrants wanting to get to the uk before it happens. our correspondent colin campbell reports. rescued off the coast of dover, in an inflatable dinghy, these are migrants from northern france trying to get to britain. in the last few months, there's been a surge in this kind of activity. a migrant camp in dunkirk we're secretly filming using an undercover researcher. it's smugglers like this man who are at the heart of the problem, willing to risk lives forfinancial gain. he says he was a fisherman

in iran, and getting us across the channel would be easy. translation: look, i will check the weather. you have waves in the sea, ferries across the water and they can drag you underneath them even if you are one kilometre away. but i know the sea routes, where you will not be disrupted by the ferries. more than 100 migrants have reached the kent coast. but not all that depart succeed. farhad from afghanistan was put in a dinghy with 11 others. he was rescued at night after the engine stalled. he thought he was going to die. it was freezing couple of days ago, and when you get wet, i was like that to myself. a couple of guys they fainted, they were sleeping and we were trying to wake them up, and they were, we were trying to wake them up because their hearts will stop from the cold.

this migrant told me the boat he was in capsized after being battered by waves. living in a squalid makeshift camp in calais, they claim they fled their countries because of religious and political persecution. their desperation to get to the uk is being fuelled by fears of brexit. how many of you think it's going to get harder, put your hands up? you all think it's going to get harder? there is a rush. everybody‘s talking about it in here, in thejungle, we're like we need to get in quicker, you know what i'm saying, in case the security get fired up. even as winter sets in and temperatures start to plummet here, migrants in this part of the north of france are continuing to prepare to cross this treacherous stretch of water. it's happening at night—time in the dark, and they're using their mobile phones to navigate across to the kent coast. waiting to catch a dinghy to the uk, these iranian migrants told me they paid £6,000 each and were waiting to be taken to a nearby beach by smugglers.

translation: we have to go by boat. we know we are putting our life in danger. i've tried before, but the waves were three metres high and came up over the boat. i already stared death in the face. there are fears drowned migrants could wash up on to calais' beaches. migrants trying to cross are risking their lives, every night, here in calais. is the french authorities doing enough? we try to stop them, we stopped quite every boat that tried to cross the channel, but we need to face the truth. the truth is we cannot stop everyone. overloaded with migrants, this was the boat stopped by french authorities this morning. they were rescued, but there's real fear lives may soon be lost. the prime minister has embarked on a tour of the uk to try sell her controversial brexit deal, the deal heavily criticised by mps yesterday.

but earlier today one of her most loyal supporters, the former defence secretary sir michael fallond eclared that the deal was doomed and the worst of all worlds. on the first part of her tour, mrs may has been visiting wales and northern ireland where there's a sharp focus on the so—called backstop — a kind of insurance policy which would keep an open border between northern ireland and the republic in the event of britain leaving the eu without a formal deal. our political editor laura kuenssberg reports from belfast. the start of another working day. the start of another working day. the hardestjob in brexit has been working out what happens here. in belfast, as in parliament, may be the only thing everyone feels is frustration. people are sort of getting fed up with it, a lot people are afraid now, more than we ever were. but you just have to get on

with it. afraid of what? afraid of the hardboard with it. afraid of what? afraid of the ha rdboa rd which with it. afraid of what? afraid of the hardboard which has been talked about, i don't think it will be happen, the fear that they will be left out on their own in a different pa rt left out on their own in a different part of the uk. i have just had enough, i don't think anybody knows what is happening, honestly. the prime minister's working dayjust gets harder, controversy everywhere. here, trying to sell her economic compromise and the so—called backstop, where if there is a big trade deal with the eu in future, northern ireland would be more closely bound to the eu than the rest of the country. she knows is unpopular, here are her laughing about it being written off. unpopular, here are her laughing about it being written offlj unpopular, here are her laughing about it being written off. i have got the final deal, they are saying, what is the backstop? then, back to the script. people don't want to go back to uncertainty and division and it is that uncertainty and division that would happen if parliament does

not support this deal. the boss here it is farfrom not support this deal. the boss here it is far from the only one who is with her, desperate for that agreement to be signed off. not because it is perfect, but because it is some ian khama better than this unsteady situation, he believes, is costing jobs. we need a deal and there is only one deal on the table. i just deal and there is only one deal on the table. ijust can't reconcile reality of what we faced with the positions being taken by politicians uk wide. i didn't see a no—deal brexit on the side of a bus and i certainly cannot reposition our industry in the face space of four months. they need to face the reality and stop spitting the relief —— the illusions. reality and stop spitting the relief -- the illusions. but all sides are stubborn thomas suppose allies of the promised are furious that comprise conceit northern ireland more tightly tied to the eu. instead of wasting the next two weeks trying to persuade everybody that this is the only deal and persuading them to accept it, my goodness, what kind of

propaganda is that? it's as good as it gets, we have to accept it, the prime minister is giving up and say this is where we are and we have to accept that. she may have given up on further negotiations, but i haven't given up. she would say that she has done anything but given up on the watch is trying to do is get up on the watch is trying to do is get up and done that is realistic, rather than spending another two yea rs rather than spending another two years talking about what might be. why do we need to have the backstop and the withdrawal agreement? it is time to get rid of it and try to find a better deal. what happens here in northern ireland is the biggest brexit conundrum or along and the prime minister's solution to the problem on the irish border is precisely what has turned so many of her natural allies against her. right now, there is precious little sign ofany right now, there is precious little sign of any of them being willing to budge at all. the prime minister mightfind budge at all. the prime minister might find refuge in crowds, today in wales as well as across the irish

sea, but it is parliament ‘s decision and many think the deal is in the. it might take more than handshakes to shift them. laura kuenssberg, bbc news, belfast. so what kind of trade deals could britain strike with other countries under the terms of theresa may's brexit deal? last night, president trump said the deal looked good for the eu, but could prevent future trade deals between the uk and the us. is he right? our business editor simonjack has been looking at the possibilities. the first thing worth saying is that the uk already does a lot of trade with the us, in fact, the us buys more uk goods and services than any other single country by miles. uk export to the us in 2016 were worth £99 billion a year, that is nearly double what we sell to germany and much more than we do to france and ireland. to the eu in total, we sell £241 billion worth of goods a year, so £241 billion worth of goods a year, so it is still a biggest trading partner overall. there is no reason

that existing trade with the us should be affected, but what mr trump may have meant is that the pm's plan could make it harder to strike a new trade deal with the us and there he may have a point. uk is due to leave the eu at the end of march next year, but they will then bea march next year, but they will then be a transitional status quo period and took december 2020 at least, during which time the uk can negotiate new deals, but they cannot come into force until that period is over. if a deal is not done by then, the backstop to ensure the irish border remains open, could be triggered, which means the uk stays in the customs union with the eu, making a trade deal with the us very difficult. even if a deal is eventually done with the eu, theresa may's plan talks about close alignment with the eu on rules and regulations, which could make the us deal tricky as it has different standards for things like food. remember, as we have seen, with the

uk's existing trade with the us, you don't necessarily need a trade deal to do trade. the former conservative ministerjojohnson has renewed his call for a further referendum on brexit. mrjohnson, who voted to remain in the eu in the 2016 referendum, stood down when theresa may's prospective deal with brussels was being presented to cabinet ministers. he told hardtalk‘s stephen sackur that the public should be given the opportunity to vote on brexit now that more details were known about what was on offer. what i am saying, is now that we know what the concrete reality of a negotiated brexit is, that we go back to the people and say, you want to brexit, this is the negotiated brexit which the prime minister has delivered, the only brexit which is negotiable, on the table. now over to you. if you want it, this is it, if you don't want it then there is an opportunity to reconsider that decision. and you can see the full interview with jo johnson on hardtalk at half past four tomorrow morning,

or half past midnight on thursday. and of course it's also available on the bbc iplayer. a bus company has been fined more than £2 million after it ignored warnings about a driver who later crashed into a supermarket, killing two people. the midland red bus careered into the sainsbury‘s store in coventry three years ago, killing a 7 year—old boy and a pensioner. the court heard the driver, who was 77 at the time, had mistaken the accelerator for the brake. our correspondent sima kotecha reports. it was a bus journey that went terribly wrong, and cost two people their lives. 76—year—old dora hancox and seven—year old roland fitzgerald. behind the wheel was 77—year—old kailash chander, a driver who lost control as he pulled out from a bus stop and ploughed into a sainsbury‘s store. today, his former employer, midland red, was fined £2.3 million, after admitting failing to prevent the accident by monitoring the driver's performance

and tiredness. our own detailed policies were not followed as closely as they should have been. there were failures at an operational level in driver supervision and we deeply regret the opportunities that were missed to act decisively on emerging warning signs. the court was told how on numerous occasions the company had been alerted to mr chander‘s problematic driving and had failed to respond. thejudge said that the judge said that midland red had deliberately dismissed the evidence because of staff shortages, they say the driver, who was medically unfit to stand trial,. today, rowan‘s family said mr chander should

have known he posed a risk, and midland red was equally to blame for the cruel way in which the child died. sima kotecha, bbc news, birmingham. the headlines on bbc news: 18 migrants, including a baby, are rescued from two small boats in the english channel as they tried to reach the uk. theresa may has started her tour of the uk to sell the controversial brexit deal, which has been widely criticised by mps. a bus company has been fined almost £2.5 million, after one of its drivers crashed into a supermarket, killing two people. politicians from nine different countries have expressed their anger after the facebook founder, mark zuckerberg, refused to appear as part of an international inquiry into so—called fake news despite being asked repeatedly to attend. the politicians were left having to question facebook‘s european policy chief at westminster today, leaving an empty chair for mr zuckerberg. it followed the seizure by parliament of a number of documents belonging to facebook allegedly containing new information about the company's controversial data and privacy

controls, as technology correspondent rory cellan—jones reports. the facebook executive sent in his place came under immediate attack from a canadian mp at this multinational hearing. our democratic institutions, our formal civil conversation, seem to be upended by frat boy billionaires from california. so mr zuckerberg's decision not to appear here at westminster to me speaks volumes. and the pressure continued to mount. facebook cannot be trusted to make the right assessment on what can properly appear on its platform. it's become a serious threat to modern democracy. do you accept facebook needs to be regulated? at the weekend, documents were seized by a commons officialfrom

at the weekend, documents were seized by a commons official from an american executive whose firm, maker ofan apt american executive whose firm, maker of an apt hunting down bikini photos, is in a legal dispute with facebook. why didn't facebook disclose... the man who ordered this highly unusual move described one sees the mail, which he said facebook had known about russian interference for years. an engineerat interference for years. an engineer at facebook notified the company in october, 2014 that russian ip addresses had been using a key to pull over 3 billion data points from the api. was that reported to any external body at the time? facebook later released a statement, saying: mark zuckerberg may have been a no today but the public pressure on his company shows no sign of letting up. rory cellan—jones, bbc news. efforts to tackle climate

change are way off track according to the united nations, which is hosting a major climate conference in poland next week. last year, greenhouse gas emissions reached a record high, and it's notjust a matter of industrial pollution. food is also a factor. the global livestock population has reached 28 billlion animals. and those animals produce methane, a potent greenhouse gas that's expected to increase by 60% in the next two years. our science editor, david shukman, reports on how ourfood choices have an impact on the planet. every breath from a cow and especially every burp releases methane. 600 litres every day. most from the front end, not the back. and because methane warms the planet, the more we eat beef and dairy products, the more the temperatures rise. at this farm, researchers encourage the cows to feed inside this hood

so they can measure the methane. so, a cow came in, she was eating... professor chris reynolds explains what they found. she had five eruptations, five belches. so each spike is a burp, is it? it's a burp or a belch. there's been a huge increase in meat and milk consumption. that demand's going to continue, so i think we need strategies for sustainably producing that meat and milk. one option is adding special supplements to the feed. some of these make the cows a lot less gassy. so technically it is possible to reduce the extraordinary amount of methane that cows produce, but on its own that won't be enough to head off the worst of global warming, so it comes down to the key and highly controversial question of what we all choose to eat. here at manchester university, researchers study the climate cost of food. the fertilisers, tractors and processing all generate gases that cause more warming. so, add all that up,

and these chocolates are responsible for up to 1.4 kilos of carbon dioxide and other gases. that's the equivalent of driving for 12 miles in a car. producing this blt sandwich involves a kilo of the gases — that's like driving for eight miles. and this serving of beef comes out top, creating more than 3.5 kilos of warming gases. that's like a journey for 30 miles. we have got to reduce our carbon emissions across different sectors, and the food sector is absolutely paramount to that because we all eat, and it has a significant contribution to our... notjust the uk emissions but globally, so we have to do something about it. and it won't be easy, and it won't be popular. so what does this mean for our everyday shopping? well, mike berners—lee helps supermarkets work out their climate costs. the differences are striking. so making the switch from beef

and lamb down to plant—based proteins is about one 50th of the carbon footprint. his advice is to eat more of this, and to check if the produce is british and in season. also to avoid fruit and veg that's been flown here. it's the tenderstem broccoli that's come from kenya, and that will almost certainly have gone on an aeroplane. there are some simple rules of thumb, so, is it either in season? or is it robust enough to have been able to travel from elsewhere in the world on a boat? mike and other experts say they don't want to preach about low—carbon food, but they say, if we want to tackle climate change, we need to eat less of this. david shukman, bbc news. in france, president macron has insisted he will not abandon his vision of a low carbon society despite nationwide protests against rising fuel prices. mr macron is introducing higher taxes on petrol and diesel. he also wants all coal—fired power stations in france to close by 2022. but he said he understood the anger of protesters, as correspondent lucy williamson

reports from paris. emmanuel macron likes his country united and his opponents divided. which is what makes these protests over the fuel tax so tricky. exposing france's social divisions and uniting people from different political parties against him. eco—taxes, he said today, meant different things to different people, while some worried about the end of the world, others worried about the end of the month. inequalities, he said, that went far beyond one issue or one country. translation: brexit is the same problem. it's british citizens saying the world on offer is no longer made for them. it's made for the city of london. all democratic societies today are facing this challenge. last weekend, thousands of protesters filled the champs—elysees to demand an end

to tax rises and even an end to macron‘s presidency itself. protests here are usually organised by a union or a political party, this one sprang from social media, with no official leadership and polls suggest three quarters of french voters backed them. at this roundabout in the champagne capital of france, protestors say economic frustration has been building for years and that households keep bearing more of the burden, while businesses and the wealthy get tax cuts. natasha works two jobs, but says she cannot afford to buy her children sweets. we eat a lot of noodles and potatoes, she says, we rarely have meat. with france's political opposition still divided and some voters losing trust in the system itself, social issues are becoming a new kind of bridge.

translation: mr macron has to listen before it is too late. the protests are very peaceful for now, but there will come a time when we can no longer contain the people. millions are living in misery and among the protesters are some who are very angry and want to revolt. the champs—elysees has been returned to its tourists, its restaurants and its designer brands. mr macron says he is listening to the protesters, but his prescription for restoring trust in politics is strong economic medicine and there is no sign the government is changing course. mr macron likes to be seen as a man of the people, swept to power by a grassroots movement of his own, but with his popularity now below 30%, he's learning that the will of the people isn't always the will of emmanuel macron. lucy williamson, bbc news, paris. tributes have been paid to the veteran conservative peer, lady trumpington, one of the great characters in the house of lords, who has died at the age of 96.

she worked as a code—breaker during the second world war and spent nearly four decades in the upper house. colleagues describe her as one of a kind and an utterjoy to work with. deputy political editor john pienaar looks back at her long life. laughter always in her place in the house of lords, always the same. so lucky to be here. as david cameron said, theyjust don't make politicians like that any more, and he meant it. wartime code—breaker, oldest woman ever to be a government minister, and even, after a long life, a youtube sensation. the grainy black—and—white photos tell of a colourful past. land girl on the farm of former pm david lloyd george, during world war two. then a member of the near legendary code—breaking team at bletchley. churchill visited us.

he said, "you are the birds that laid the golden eggs, but never cackled." and that was the important thing, was that we never talked. never conventional, though. wife to a headmaster, one day fully clothed at the school pool... ijumped. and half the schooljumped in with me to save me. and my husband wouldn't speak to me for three weeks. why did you do it? just for the hell of it! she was made a peer in 1980, seemed proud of standing up to the iron lady, margaret thatcher. we were really good friends, but if i didn't agree with her about something, i said so. and that was very good for her. she chain—smoked her way through several government departments, and then came fame. telling her tales on prime—time tv. i've had to sign a piece of paper in order to be on this show to say i wasn't pregnant. laughter

why the fame though? well, watch this. and then the survivors of world war two started to look pretty old as well... a tory peer suggesting she was a revered relic of world war ii. and her silent reply. that picture went viral on youtube. complimentary tributes are normal. they're not always as warm as today's forjean trumpington. baroness trumpington, who's died at the age of 96. and we'll be taking an in—depth look at the papers with our reviewers, dawn foster from the guardian, and the former trade minister, lord digbyjones. that's coming up after the headlines at 11:30pm. now it's time for the weather, with ben rich. hello there. tuesday brought a big change in the weather. we started the day with fog and light winds, we ended it with most of us having seen

at least some wind and rain. it is this type of weather that takes us through the last few days of november. high pressure was in charge at the start of tuesday, it allowed the fog to form but by the end of the day, low pressure was well and truly on the scene. look at the white lines on the chart, the isobars squeezing together for wednesday. this low deepening to give some very strong winds, gales in places. they're coming from the south—west, so it will be mild, but the combination of those strong winds and heavy rain could give rise to some travel disruption through the day. the forecast looks like this, patchy, showery rain in eastern areas bursting. clearing, but more heavy rain in northern ireland and scotland through the afternoon. some of the hills of saudi scotland could see 50 millimetres. may be something brighter in the south—west later. mild, 13— brighter in the south—west later. mild, 13-15 brighter in the south—west later. mild, 13— 15 but very windy. gusts of 55 —— mild, 13— 15 but very windy. gusts of 55 -- 65 mild, 13— 15 but very windy. gusts of 55 —— 65 in western coasts. then

later in the day, the winds strengthen in north—east scotland. here there could be gusts in excess of 75 mph. that's not the end of it because as we go into the first part of thursday, this next batch of wet weather shows its hand. look at the isobars, the white lines, they squeezed together. there could be a short, sharp burst of really strong winds. moving eastwards with heavy rain as we go through thursday morning. as that clears, we'll be left with a day of sunny spells and blustery showers. after such a mild wednesday, temperatures are beginning to head downwards a bit on thursday. that continues as we head to the end of the week. low pressure still in charge, a windy day in the north, but the winds from the north oi’ north, but the winds from the north or north—west. it's going to feel a little bit chilly by this stage. the best of the dry weather on friday, down to the south. the further north you look, more showers, some heavy with hail and thunder, perhaps

wintry over high ground and those tensed closer to the average for the time of year, 8—10. that low pressure d rifts time of year, 8—10. that low pressure drifts to menorca, but into the weekend, more areas of low pressure and frontal systems waiting in the wings. but these look like they will affect central and southern parts. the further north you are, the better chance of staying dry. chilly across northern scotland. from saturday night into sunday morning, in the north of scotla nd sunday morning, in the north of scotland we could get a touch of frost. on sunday further south, some areas of cloud, showery rain at times and those temperatures ranging from 13 in plymouth to just six times and those temperatures ranging from 13 in plymouth tojust six in aberdeen. heading into the start of next week, more of the same. more areas of low pressure pushing in from the west, but for the middle of the