this is bbc world news, the headlines: representatives of around 200 nations at un climate change summit in poland have reached agreement over how to implement the paris accord. talks had continued for an extra day to resolve lingering issues. there've been scuffles in paris between groups of yellow vest anti—government protesters and police. it's the fifth consecutive weekend of nationwide protests in france over issues including the cost of living. another high—profile white house departure. president trump says his interior secretary ryan zinke — who's the subject of several investigations — will leave his post at the end of the year. and a new tomb believed to date back around a500 years has been discovered in the saqqara pyramid complex in egypt. at ten o'clock, clive myrie will be here with a full round up of the day's news. first — as poland celebrates 100 years as an independent nation, the country is divided.

our world's yalda hakim has been to poland to see how powerful feelings about identity, sovereignty and immigration are fuelling a struggle over the country's future direction. the programme includes some offensive language. how far does a country's past shape its future? as poland celebrates a century of independence, the country is grappling with an identity crisis. what is happening now in poland is a fight for our soul. it's a warfor our soul, our identity. freed from the grip of communism, poland embraced the eu. now europe's immigration crisis is revealing deep cultural divisions. all raising the question, what is it to be a pole today? they do not like you just because you are black. i'm yalda hakim, and i'm going to discover how the populist appeal of the right is being met

by a new emotional drive from the left. they want to talk about the future, not about the past. this is the story of poland's identity crisis. who is paying the price and where it might lead. i'm on my way to poznan — a city in western poland. this country's benefited from nearly 200 billion euros from the eu. more than any other member state. poland's economy is booming, outstripping much of the rest of europe. with times so good i want to understand why this country finds itself in the grip of an identity crisis. and this is a good place to start. hello.

nice to meet you. i'm yalda. ewa has run her salon for 26 years. the shop is usually a refuge from politics. but not today. if i was to ask what worries you most about poland today, what would you say? ewa is on the right, supporting the law and justice party that swept to power here in 2015, at the height of europe's migrant crisis. once in power, prime minister mateusz morawiecki refused to take

any of those asylum seekers, despite an eu agreement to do so. around the family dinner table i start to understand why. in a few days‘ time poland is marking 100 years since it gained independence. and ewa is planning to attend the country's largest march in warsaw. why is it so important for you to have this sense of history and tradition? last year's independence march was marred by racist slogans and violence. nonetheless, ewa still wants to go.

though the march divides people. i understand that one of your friends on facebook described you as a fascist. how did that make you feel? i've come to warsaw to understand how independence day has become a focus for polish nationalism. i'm keen to meet the organisers of the march. it's not proving easy, but after phone calls and messages i finally manage to track them down. i am on the way to meet krzysztof bosak, he is one of the leaders of the national movement, which is a far—right

nationalist movement here in poland. and these are the guys who spend all year trying to organise this rally. not sure about this building, though, it's a little bit scary. hello, krzysztof. i'm yalda. nice to see you. this is our historical pictures. this is the leader and the founder of the national movement. the national movement is an alliance of far—right and populist right—wing groups formed in 2012 to fight elections. and includes a group linked to 1930s anti—semitics and fascists. these are our members of nationalist organisations from the interwar period, there are soldiers, it was from the stalinist era, they were fighting with communists. the national movement venerates poland's history of resisting occupation, first in 1939 the germans, then the soviets, which led to decades of communist rule. what does it mean then to be polish, what is the polish identity?

for me the most important factor is culture. so when you feel national identity, patriotism, you feel you belong to the nation. polish culture is built around christianity and our national culture is christian. this is fact. the polish left took the country into the eu in 2004 enthusiastically joining the west. but listening to krzysztof now i can hear how identity is overturning that view of poland's future. do you think then that polish identity and what it means to be polish is under threat? i don't think that polish identity is under threat is but maybe we could say that traditional polish culture is under the pressure of liberal, so—called liberal values and western cultures. it is these liberal values he sees as shaping the eu's approach to immigration.

we have learnt that small immigration can be useful and safe, but mass immigration is always connected with problems and changing the society. and we don't need it and we don't like it. this is what is important, these are maps... while i'm meeting krzysztof, news comes that the mayor of warsaw is trying to stop the independence march going ahead, and other sign of how divided poland has become. why do you think the authorities are trying to cancel this march? i think it's a political game. because the mayor of warsaw is from a liberal opposition party. and she hates us, in fact. she's strongly against polish national conservatives. and so she tried to make troubles for us and troubles for our right—wing government. the 11th day of the 11th

month — 100 years since the first world war ended. across the globe it's a day of sombre remembrance. for poland, it's a day of celebration, because the end of the war marked the beginning of their independence. the march began ten years ago with just a handful of nationalists. today it attracts hundreds of thousands of ordinary poles and supporters of the far—right — all emotionally charged. standing here on the edges of the march i feel quite tense listening to some of the slogans about god, honour, and fatherland, and seeing some of these banners with the slogans. it's starting to get a little bit hairy. that is why i feel like i need to keep this hoodie on. lining up in parallel columns, polish soldiers stand side by side with supporters of far—right groups,

including neofascists from italy. and then i bump into dominik tarczynskik, an mp from the governing law and justice party. there was a moment during the last few days where we thought this rally was not going to happen. what happened to change that? unity. 0ur president, our government, and all the organisers we're just...we‘re open. booming noise. don't worry about it. what's that? just a kind of reaction for what is happening in here. unity brought the country's president and prime minister to the march. it's also different to last year's ugly scenes. and then i see krzysztof again. this is a march for people who are not censored, with an honest message from the society, not from the media, not from the elite. you have it here on the banners, god, honour, and fatherland.

the nationalists have pulled off a major pr coup. the government and far—right leaders attending the same march. a march also where supporters of far—right groups are standing shoulder to shoulder with families, families like ewa's. what are you chanting, tomasz? we march through the streets of warsaw till we cross the river. but before it ends, i want to challenge ewa on what she's experienced. there are elements here that are clearly quite dark and have quite sinister views on what poland should be. from your point of view, is this

a battle for the soul of poland? ewa was referring to a crowd of counter demonstrators gathered under a large barrier reading "constitution". constantly under attack from the marchers and protected by riot police. this is graphic illustration that, at its centenary, poland is a bitterly divided nation. poland's right—wing continues to stir fear of immigration,

but that's surprising given poland is perhaps the most homogenous country in the eu, with very few foreign nationals. poles themselves have taken advantage of being in the eu. it's estimated 2 million have gone abroad for work, and poland now needs immigrants to fill those jobs. i want to know how the political environment affects those people who, over the years, have come to poland to make their lives. i'm on my way to meet arinze. he moved here from nigeria 16 years ago to play football, and i'm going to try and find out how he feels about the current climate here in poland. hi, arinze, yalda from the bbc. nice to see you. likewise. arinze nolisa played professionally for seven yea rs,

married a polish woman and became a citizen. he now plays for fun with a west african community football team. do you feel that this country and the people of this country have accepted you? not really, people just don't like you for who you are even though you didn't done anything just because you're black. the hate speech, hate crime, the racism, you know, these are things that happen every day. i've been here for 16 years and it's still the same for me. give me an example of what happens when you leave your home. people call you names. you know, there is one name they call us here as black people, they call you murzyn, czarnuchu. it's a dangerous word. it's worse than calling you a not—or. and it's not just arinze who's targeted. when i went to pick my son up from the school, and ijust opened the door of his class, and one of his friends just looked at me and said to my son, "alex, murzyn przyszedl po ciebie,"

which means, you know, is like "monkey came for you." i was just looking at the teacher to react to that, but she didn't do anything. official figures show in 2015, there were over 260 hate crimes reported to the police. by 2017, that figure had lept to nearly 900. but the polish 0mbudsman estimates only 5% of crimes are actually reported. hello, youssef. hi, nice to see you... one man who's brave enough to speak is imam youssef chadid, head of the muslim league in poland. he was targeted after trying to build bridges between communities. terrorist attacks across europe may have fuelled this rise. imam chadid believes there may also be other reasons. the government says poland will not

accept refugees from the middle east and north africa. as i leave, i'm struck by how similar some of the hostile rhetoric is between the government and the far—right, especially towards migrants and refugees. i put this to dominik tarczynski, the mp for the governing law and justice party i met on the march. do you think that you have, in many ways, emboldened many of these groups, the law and justice party, and now it's quite difficult for you to rein them in? you've created a monster almost.

i wouldn't use these words. first of all, it proves that poland is a democratic country. everyone can have these beliefs, everyone can have their views. it's nearly 30 years since the collapse of communism. economic arguments have gone, to be replaced by a new politics of identity. 0ne politician is trying to counter the emotional right—wing argument with a more progressive vision. meet robert biedron, for many years the country's only openly gay politician. he's founded a new political movement and he's touring the country drumming up support. clearly he's a bit of a rock star here. a lot of the local media are here and, you know, just a few minutes ago, this field was virtually empty and now a few hundred people have gathered to meet him. today he's on a bike ride in the city of gorzow wielkopolski, and i'mjoining him.

this is a nation very much divided. because of politicians, because of politics. it's the old rule of machiavelli, and politicians try to use it. there's nationalists, homophobes, xenophobes. there's something special going on, there's a tolerance towards their activities. the current government is giving them easy examples and solutions, solutions like the scapegoats. the scapegoats are immigrants. like the far—right, biedron... he acknowledges the country's history is shaping what happens today. but he draws a very different message from it. those are the founders of our independence, those guys. i think this is not the poland they would like to see after 100 years. what they would dream about is that poland would be much more united and thinking about the future than the past. after the ride, he's mobbed by all of his supporters.

did you enjoy that? very much. with all these people, how could you not enjoy that? later that night, biedron holds one of his town hall meetings, gathering support from across the country. what's fascinating is he's using values and emotion to try to break the political mould, not policy. despite the enthusiasm in the hall, he still has a long way to go. will his rather vague vision be enough to break through the deep—rooted sense of nationhood being mobilised by the right? is this a divided nation, do you believe? no, it's not. you can see, you can see,

there is living proof that a nation cannot be divided, it can be united about some things. they want to talk about future, not about the past. this is exceptional. look at the atmosphere, it's so positive. it's different from everyday politics. it speaks hope! some commentators see him as a future presidential candidate and liken him to another european leader who seemed to come from nowhere. what do you say to those who say you're the new macron? i'm biedron, not macron! i'm biedron! but what do the audience think of the new biedron? for me, he's definitely a very ambitious politician. he seems possible to create change in a country that, for many, many years has only had two options basically. as the 21st—century began, poland looked west to embrace the eu. today, powerful feelings about history, sovereignty

and immigration are disrupting that path to the future. poland's identity crisis is leading to a new kind of emotionally—driven politics. listen to how the governing law and justice party is using what it means to be polish as a political tool. what is happening now in poland is a fight for our soul, it's a war for our soul, for our identity, and i'm not talking about 2018, i'm talking about the future, about our children and grandchildren. it's about our identity obviously as christians. it's unclear who will ultimately win in this struggle for poland's future, but among poland's tiny immigrant population, the worries are still there. what the politicians are doing, it's not even affecting us. you know, they do the politics,

the news will say whatever they want to say, but we still face what we are facing every day. hello, our weather this weekend has been dominated by storm deirdre, bringing some of us heavy snow, others have seen some fairly rare, but dangerous falls of freezing rain that instantly turns to ice on any surface it touches. this stuff is particularly nasty and we have seen some of that fall, particularly across northern england and southern scotland. this was the scene earlier in west yorkshire. and a bit further northwards in county durham, ice completely encasing this windscreen. you can imagine, underfoot

and under tyre, slick conditions, just really really dangerous stuff. as we look at the weather picture through sunday, what storm deirdre is about is a transition to milder conditions. the air will be moving in from the west, we will see a significant jump upwards in temperatures. so for sunday, the last of the rain and hill snow will clear away from scotland. a bright enough start to the day across many eastern areas, but further west, the cloud will gather through the day, and we will see more wet weather, particularly for wales, western areas of england. that could cause some localised surface water flooding issues, given how wet the weather has been recently. but look at the temperatures, between 6—10 degrees. it will be a much milder day. through sunday evening, the wet weather in the west pushes its way slowly eastwards, and then, as that begins to clear out of the way, we will start to see a ridge moving in across wales, south—west england. that could bring us some patches of frost, maybe some fog as well. next weather system is racing in to the north—west of the uk, bringing more wet and windy weather. so, for monday, will be a quiet start to the day

for england and wales, with a bit of fog around, and a few patches of frost as well. this will clear and lift, bright enough with some sunshine. in the north and west, the wind will pick up and we will start to see cloud and rain edging in. it will be a relatively mild day, with temperatures for many areas reaching double figures. looking at the picture for tuesday, we have got low—pressure to the north—west of the uk, strong south—westerly winds bringing milder air in across the uk. that milder air will boost temperatures, but unfortunately, there will be some rain around as well. very slow—moving weather fronts in the west, with rainfall totals really building up, we could see localised flooding issues across parts of scotland, wales, western england as well. particularly given how wet the weather has been. but yes, it will be a mild day, 10—12 degrees will be your top temperatures. towards the middle parts of the week, the weather front will slowly push its way eastwards, low pressure will stay to the west of the uk, driving in more wet weather. this time, it is targeting northern ireland on wednesday morning. otherwise, a bright enough start to the day, but again, the cloud will tend to move in across these western areas

with rain arriving through the day. the best of any dry weather across eastern portions. temperatures near normal for the time of year but still an odd degree above. by thursday, the wind will start to come in from more of a north—westerly direction. it is a cooler direction, a mixture in many cases of sunshine and showers around. probably the wettest weather heading in across parts of north—west england and perhaps western areas of scotland. temperatures near normal, 8—10 degrees. looking towards the end of the week and the weekend, we will keep low—pressure to the west of the uk, driving in the west, south—westerly winds. they will be quite brisk at times, so quite a windy spell of weather. those winds are relatively mild, so for most of the uk, the weather will stay quite unsettled. still with further showers coming and going, temperatures probably a degree or two above normal for the time of year. the exception to that perhaps across the far north of scotland where we're not too far from the cooler air, and the wind will be a little bit lighter as well. that's your latest weather.