talks had continued for an extra day, but some critics say the deal doesn't put enough pressure on countries to cut their emmissions. there've been scuffles in paris between groups of yellow vest anti—government protesters and police. it's the fifth consecutive weekend of nationwide protests in france over a range of issues, including the cost of living. after decades of negotiations, the historic council of orthodox bishops in kiev has created a new ukrainian church. the country's president has hailed the move as the final step in independence from russia. several thousand people have taken to the streets of rome to protest against racism and oppose the government's tough new anti—migrant law. the bill makes it easier to expel migrants and limits residency permits. tolls on the two main bridges crossing the river seven into south wales, will be scrapped from monday. drivers have been charged for more than 50 years. the welsh government says removing tolls will boost the economy by around £100 million pounds a year, but critics say there'll be more traffic congestion.

sian lloyd's report contains some flashing images. crossing the river severn into south wales has until now always come at a price. some 25 millionjourneys a year are made. lorry driver craig evans makes more than most. for 17 years, he's been delivering goods from wales across the border. this could be halfway over the bridge, and you're losing time, your driving time, you're late getting the goods delivered. it's just horrific. his firm makes 31,000 crossings every year. until recently, lorries were charged £20 a time. it's good for my company. they've got more money in to invest, which will create more jobs, but the side that i'm not looking forward to is the traffic which is going to come into wales, and from my point of view, it's going to cause more congestion. to commemorate the first crossing

of the severn bridge, i have great pleasure in unveiling this plaque. in 1966, the completion of the first bridge across the severn caused huge excitement, but the volume of traffic multiplied, and 30 years later, the prince of wales opened a second severn crossing. when this bridge returned to public ownership, the uk government announced that the tolls would go. around 100 staff are affected. among them is darren moore, who said he is sad to be losing hisjob but does have fond memories of his time in the toll booths. you'd get people turning up and going, is this the way to exeter? is this the way to scotland? because they've taken a wrong turning, and then you have to break the news that they're actually just about to enter wales. work is now under way to remove the barriers. the aim is to save drivers money and encourage more investment in the south wales economy, but it's predicted that scrapping the tolls will increase traffic on what is already a congested stretch of the motorway.

sian lloyd, bbc news, on the m4. now on bbc news, as poland celebrates 100 years as an independent nation, the country is divided. in this week's edition of our world, yalda hakim has been to poland to see how powerful feelings about identity, sovereignty and immigration are fuelling a struggle over the country's future direction. the programme includes some offensive language. how far does a country's past shape its future? as poland celebrates a century of independence, the country is grappling with an identity crisis. what is happening now in poland is a fight for our soul. it's a warfor our soul, our identity. freed from the grip of communism, poland embraced the eu. now europe's immigration crisis is revealing deep cultural divisions.

all raising the question, what is it to be a pole today. 7 they do not like you just because you are black. i'm yalda hakim, and i'm going to discover how the populist appeal of the right is being met by a new emotional drive from the left. this is the story of poland's identity crisis. who is paying the price and where it might lead. i'm on my way to poznan, a city in western poland. this country ‘s benefited from nearly 200 billion euros from the eu. more than any other member state. poland's economy is booming, outstripping much of

the rest of europe. with times so good i want to understand why this country finds itself in the grip of an identity crisis. and this is a good place to start. hello. nice to meet you. i'm yalda. ewa has run her salon for 26 years. the shop is usually a refuge from politics. but not today. if i was to ask what worries you most about poland today, what would you say? ewa is on the right, supporting the law and justice party

that swept to power here in 2015, at the height of europe's migrant crisis. once in power, prime minister mateusz morawiecki refused to take any of those asylum seekers, despite an eu agreement to do so. around the family dinner table i start to understand why. in a few days' time poland is marking 100 years since it gained independence. and ewa is planning to attend the country's largest march in warsaw. why is it so important for you to have this sense of history and tradition? last year's independence march was marred by a racist

slogans and violence. nonetheless, ewa still want to go. though the march divides people. i understand that one of your friends on facebook described you as a fascist. how did that make you feel? i've come to warsaw to understand how independence day has become a focus for polish nationalism. i'm keen to meet the organisers of the march. it's not proving easy, but after phone calls and messages

i finally manage to track them down. i am on the way to meet krzysztof bosak, he is one of the leaders of the national movement, which is a far—right nationalist movement here in poland. and these are the guys who spend all year trying to organise this rally. not sure about this building, though, it's a little bit scary. hello, krzysztof. iam yalda. nice to see you. this is our historical pictures. this is the leader and the founder of the national movement. the national movement is an alliance of far—right and populist right—wing groups formed in 2012 to fight elections. and includes a group linked to 1930s anti—semitics and fascists. these are our members of nationalist organisations from the interwar period, there are soldiers, it was from the stalinist era, they were fighting with communists. the national movement venerates poland's history of resisting

occupation, first in 1939 the germans, then the soviets, which led to decades of communist rule. what does it mean then to be polish, what is the polish identity? for me the most important factor is culture. so when you feel national identity, patriotism, you feel you belong to the nation. polish culture is built around christianity and our national culture is christian. this is fact. the polish left took the country into the eu in 2004, enthusiasticallyjoining the west. but listening to krzysztof now i can hear how identity is overturning that view of poland's future. do you think then that polish identity and what it means to be polish is under threat? i don't think that polish identity is under threat is but maybe we could say that traditional polish culture is under the pressure of liberal, so—called liberal values and western cultures.

it is these liberal values he sees as shaping the eu's approach to immigration. we have learnt that small immigration can be useful and safe, but mass immigration is always connected with problems and changing the society. and we don't need it and we don't like it. this is what is important, these are maps... while i'm meeting krzysztof, news comes that the mayor of warsaw is trying to stop the independence march going ahead, another sign of how divided poland has become. why do you think the authorities are trying to cancel this march? i think it's a political game. because she is from a liberal opposition party. and she hates us, in fact. she's strongly against polish national conservatives. and so she tried to make

troubles for us and troubles for our right—wing government. the 11th day of the 11th month 100 years since the first world war ended. across the globe it's a day of sombre remembrance. for poland, it's a day of celebration, because the end of the war marked the beginning of their independence. the march began ten years ago with just a handful of nationalists. today it attracts hundreds of thousands of ordinary poles and supporters of the far—right — all emotionally charged. standing here on the edges of the march i feel quite tense listening to some of the slogans about god, honour, and fatherland, and seeing some of these banners with the slogans.

it's starting to get a little bit hairy. that is why i feel like i need to keep this hoodie on. lining up in parallel columns, polish soldiers stand side by side with supporters of far—right groups, including neofascists from italy. and then i bump into dominik tarczynskik, an mp from the governing law and justice party. there was a moment during the last few days where we thought this rally was not going to happen. what happened to change that? unity. 0ur president, our government, and all the organisers werejust...were open. booming noise. don't worry about it. what's that? just a kind of reaction for what is happening in here. unity brought the country's president and prime minister to the march. it's also different to last year's ugly scenes. and then i see krzysztof again.

this is a march for people who are not censored, with an honest message from the society, not from the media, not from the elite. you have it here on the banners, god, honour, and fatherland. the nationalists have pulled off a major pr coup. the government and far—right leaders attending the same march. a march also where supporters of far—right groups are standing shoulder to shoulder with families, families like ewa's. what are you chanting, tomasz? we march through the streets of warsaw till we cross the river. but before it ends,

i want to challenge ewa on what she's experienced. there are elements here that are clearly quite dark and have quite sinister views on what poland should be. from your point of view, is this a battle for the soul of poland ? eva was referring to a crowd of counter demonstrators gathered under a large barrier reading "constitution". constantly under attack from the marchers and protected by riot police. this is graphic illustration that,

at its centenary, poland is a bitterly divided nation. poland's right—wing continues to stir fear of immigration, but that's surprising given poland is perhaps the most homogenous country in the eu, with very few foreign nationals. poles themselves have taken advantage of being in the eu. it's estimated 2 million have gone abroad for work, and poland now needs immigrants to fill those jobs. i want to know how the political environment affects those people who, over the years, have come to poland to make their lives. i'm on my way to meet arinze. he moved here from nigeria 16 years ago to play football, and i'm going to dry and fine doubt how he feels about the current

climate here in poland. —— find out. hi, arinze, yalda from the bbc. nice to see you. likewise. arinze nolisa played professionally for seven yea rs, married a polish woman and became a citizen. he now plays for fun with a west african community football team. do you feel that this country and the people of this country have accepted you? not really, people just don't like you for who you are even though you didn't done anything just because you're black. —— you didn't do anything just because you're black. the hate speech, hate crime, the racism, you know, these are things that happen every day. i've been here for 16 years and it's still the same for me. give me an example of what happens when you leave your home. people call you names. you know, there is one name they call us here as black people, they call you murzyn, czarnuchu. it's a dangerous word. it's worse than calling you a not—or. and it's not just

arinze who's targeted. when i went to pick my son up from the school, and ijust opened the door of his class, and one of his friends just looked at me and said to my son, "alex, murzyn przyszedl po ciebie," which means, you know, is like "monkey came for you." i was just looking at the teacher to react to that, but she didn't do anything. official figures show in 2015, there were over 260 hate crimes reported to the police. by 2017, that figure had lept to nearly 900. but the polish 0mbudsman estimates only 5% of crimes are actually reported. hello, youssef. hi, nice to see you... one man who's brave enough to speak is imam youssef chadid, head of the muslim league in poland. he was targeted

after trying to build bridges between communities. terrorist attacks across europe may have fuelled this rise. imam chadid believes there may also be other reasons. the government says poland will not accept refugees from the middle east and north africa. as i leave, i'm struck by how similar some of the hostile rhetoric is between the government and the far—right, especially towards migrants and refugees. i put this to dominik tarczynski, the mp for the governing law and justice party i met on the march. do you think that you have, in many ways, emboldened

many of these groups, the law and justice party, and now it's quite difficult for you to rein them in. you've created a monster almost. i wouldn't use these words. first of all, it proves that poland is a democratic country. everyone can have these beliefs, everyone can have their views. it's nearly 30 years since the collapse of communism. economic arguments have gone, to be replaced by a new politics of identity. 0ne politician is trying to counter the emotional right—wing argument with a more progressive vision. meet robert biedron, for many years the country's only openly gay politician. he's founded a new political movement and he's touring the country drumming up support. clearly he's a bit of a rock star here. a lot of the local media are here and, you know, just a few minutes ago, this field was

virtually empty and now a few hundred people have gathered to meet him. today he's on a bike ride in the city of gorzow wielkopolski, and i'mjoining him. this is a nation very much divided. because politicians, because of politics. it's the old rule of machiavelli, and politicians try to use it. there's nationalists, homophobes, xenophobes. there's something special going on, there's a tolerance towards their activities. the current government is giving them easy examples and solutions, solutions like the scapegoats. the scapegoats are immigrants. like the far—right, biedron... acknowledges the country's history is shaping a different country

today. but he draws a very different message from it. those are the founders of our independence, those guys. i think this is not the poland they would like to see after 100 years. what they would dream about is that poland would be much more united and thinking about the future than the past. after the ride, he's mobbed by all of his supporters. did you enjoy that? very much. with all these people, how could you not enjoy that? later that night, biedron holds one of his town hall meetings, gathering support from across the country. what's fascinating is he's using values and emotion to try to break the political mould, not policy. applause despite the enthusiasm in the hall, he still has a long way to go.

applause will his rather vague vision be enough to break through the deep—rooted sense of nationhood being mobilised by the right? is this a divided nation, do you believe? no, it's not. you can see, you can see, there is living proof that a nation cannot be divided, it can be united about some things. they want to talk about future, not about the past. this is exceptional. look at the atmosphere, it's so positive. it's different from everyday politics. it speaks hope! some commentators see him as a future presidential candidate and liken him to another european leader who seemed to come from nowhere. what do you say to those who say you're the new macron? i'm biedron, not macron! i'm biedron! but what do the audience think of the new biedron? for me, he's definitely a very ambitious politician. he seems possible to create

change in a country that, for many, many years has only had two options basically. as the 21st—century began, poland looked west to embrace the eu. today, powerful feelings about history, sovereignty and immigration are disrupting that path to the future. poland's identity crisis is leading to a new kind of emotionally—driven politics. listen to how the governing law and justice party is using what it means to be polish as a political tool. what is happening now in poland is a fight for our soul, it's a warfor our soul, for our identity, and i'm not talking about 2018, i'm talking about the future, about our children and grandchildren. it's about our identity

obviously as christians. it's unclear who will ultimately win in this struggle for poland's future, but among poland's tiny immigrant population, the worries are still there. what the politicians are doing, it's not even affecting us. you know, they do the politics, the news will say whatever they want to say, but we still face what we are facing every day. hello there. good morning. the weather for sunday looks very different to saturday. things are improving now. we had everything really on the picture on saturday, including some freezing rain, which is rare in the uk, but also very dangerous. the worst is now over.

for a short while, we've got this amber snow warning from the met office for scotland, north of the central belt. but even after the early hours, towards the end of the night, even here, the snow should tend to ease off. the main belt of cloud that brought that mixture of rain, snow and freezing rain, sweeping out into the north sea. that curl of cloud behind bringing some wet weather for a while in northern england, pushing into scotland, increasingly snow up over the hills as the storm moves away, leaving us with more of a south—westerly airflow. and these are the temperatures we're looking at at the end of the night. a little bit milder, still some icy patches for northern england and particularly in scotland, where there will be some further wintry showers around, but the winds will be lighter by this stage. we will see those showers in scotland becoming fewer, more sunshine arriving with sunny spells for northern ireland, and the morning should be dry and sunny for most of england and wales. but we'll see this showery rain gathering across western parts of england and wales, moving through the english channel.

some heavy bursts of rain in the afternoon, but it will be a better day on the whole. lighter winds, much milder air across the uk as well. really cold air is still across scandinavia and across the north—east of europe. but increasingly, we're getting south—westerly winds. so, atlantic winds, drags in milderair, unsettled, changeable weather, yes, but on monday, we're in between two weather fronts, so most places will have a dry day, with some morning mist and fog, i think, for scotland, after that earlier snow. plenty of sunshine elsewhere. we'll see the wind picking up. it will introduce a few showers into western areas, ahead of the main rain band, which isjust holding off to the north—west even by the end of the day. but it's the southerly winds, south—westerly winds, so mild, even some double—figure temperatures for belfast and the central belt of scotland. the main driver of the weather is going to be that area of low pressure, which pushes ahead this weather front here. but it is moving very erratically eastwards, there's waves on it, that means there's pulses of heavy rain and with some snow melt, and some heavy rain likely to be some flooding. how quickly east it moves across that's open to doubt.

we may see the weather improving in northern ireland. double—figure temperatures everywhere on tuesday. whilst that rain moves away overnight, we're then back into sunshine and showers through wednesday and possibly into thursday, but we've still got the winds from the south—west, so for all of us, it should be a bit milder. hello and welcome to bbc news. i'm reged ahmad. after two weeks of talks and two years of work, consensus was finally reached late on saturday evening, on international rules to tackle climate change. nearly 200 countries overcame political divisions, to support the implementation of the 2015 paris agreement. that aimed to limit a rise in average global temperatures to well below two degrees celsius, above pre—industrial levels. here's our science editor, david shukman. this is what it's all about. gases released into the air that heat the planet. and after some long, difficult arguments,