this is bbc news. the headlines at eight o'clock. i returned to work, and the hiking railfares after a troubled year across the network. at the end of the day of the public transport, and if the public cannot afford it, then what is good is a public transit that's unaffordable? warning that children are consuming daily sugar allowance by an adult by the time to time. your mac that's a lot of sugar, that increases the risk of waking and tooth decay, and long—term serious like type two diabetes. the home secretary questions whether people trying to illegally cross the channel are actually genuinely asylum—seekers. president trump warns the us government shutdown could last a very long time, as he hold out for billions to build his border wall. the national unveils the first clear images of the most distant object ever visited by spacecraft. it's shaped a peanut. the ten—year—old

math genius in south africa, who's become something of an internet sensation. train passengers returning to work today after their christmas break have been faced with another rise in ticket prices, despite the year of chaos on the railways, fares have increased by an average of three by 196 increased by an average of three by 1% in increased by an average of three by i% in england and wales. in scotland, the figures on the 3%, passenger groups and parties have condemned the high, but the government says it has invested a record amount in the network. a transport correspondent reports from london bridge station. welfare rights being this contentious, but 2018 was a bad

year, contentious, but 2018 was a bad yea r, after contentious, but 2018 was a bad year, after passengers, bad for some of the companies, both private and public operating systems, and after politicians ultimately in charge. it's why many passengers we spoke to today across the country are questioning why they should pay more when the service all too often hasn't been up to scratch. just getting on the train to cardiff, disgusted by the prize, for pounds ten. that's a lot of money for a couple miles of travel. i am commuting from hertfordshire and noticed it was £26, rather than £25 and it has got to the stage now that rather than coming into london, i willjust work from home more. i regularly travel to glasgow and the price has gone up but the service has not changed. it is public transport and if the public cannot afford it, what good is public transport that is unaffordable. it is passengers in the north of england who sometimes did not know when the train would arrive last year who feel angry, as well as commuters on govia thames link. listen to what andy hayes annually commuting to london.

the season ticket is £4800 including the underground. new timetables were also botched here last spring. i am really disappointed. we have a clearer culmination from the transport select committee. passengers who are caught up in the timetabling chaos should have their fares frozen, not increased. cancellations and long delays across the network have hit a 17 year high and that is like a fare rise this year is harder to swallow. the 3% rise means an annual season ticket from bradford to leeds will cost more. someone commuting from readoing into london will pay an extra £140. people protesting this morning say

we all have a right to fair phrases. i don't want to see fares go up any more than they have to. but they are rising fast and the biggest factor is wage increases. people just hate driving. the latest figures show that our railways generated £19 billion in one year, nearly 10 billion of that came from passengers tickets. the government put in almost 7 billion. the total amount spent was around 19 billion. train company spent over £11 billion on things like wages and trains, and nearly 7 billion were spent by network rail, which is responsible for maintaining tract and stations. the government says it's happy for fa res the government says it's happy for fares to rise with a lower index of inflation if the unions agree that rail workers wages should also go up ata rail workers wages should also go up at a lower rate. you don't want to see fares go up any more than they have to, the reality is that the cost is rising they are rising fast, the biggest factor is wage increases, i would

like to see the unions and the labour party except that wage rises in the industry should be lower, as a result the fair should be lower. 0ur fares a result the fair should be lower. 0urfares are a result the fair should be lower. 0ur fares are already the highest in europe. it's a taxable commuters that actually have to use the railway, because there's no other ways of getting around in the long—term. itjust ways of getting around in the long—term. it just actually drive some people later on away from public transport, that's not good. the union said it was scandalous that the government was a blaming rail workers. train company say 98% of every ticket goes back into running the railways. so other money can upgrade the network. tom burridge, bbc news. let's talk to nigel who is from royal magazine, hello nigel it's good to see things for being with us. are these fair rises justified using? gil meche absolutely not. it's been a terrible year and 2018. passengers had a miserable time, as did rail staff. trying to do a good job in desperate circumstances. but

no, these fares are notjustified at all. not this year. but the suggestion is that 2019 could see a lot of the money that's been invested over the last few years actually bring forth the bigger trains, you know, improvements in services and so on. there is constant investment going on on the railways, and there are thousands of carriages being built for northern, for great western, for all over the railways. full fleet of new trains, that does cost about a million pounds per carriage, so that investment is ongoing. the network rail over the next five years is spending £60 billion, that's been allowed for upgrading a network, which is carrying twice the number of passengers that british railways carried. what about the suggestion from chris, that part of the problem is that the unions are negotiating pay rises linked to the higher index of inflation, not the lower one, if they went to the lower one, that would mean fare increases would be lower. we just as with the labour

party two argument for nationalization, making a political point, it's certainly the case that it's the wrong measures two measure to be used. of course, the unions like it, because it generates rises for them. so there would be an element in the overall equation, but to suggest that pay rises alone you know could bring fares down is nonsense, industry staffs costs are about a quarter of the cost of running the railway. given all the problems that we re railway. given all the problems that were well documented last year, delays the timetable problems so on and so forth, all the cancellations, should there have been a freeze and fa res ? i think there should. it's important that we understand where this increase has come from. it's instinctive and natural that people should blame the name on the side of the train. actually all the season tickets, all the fares, all the fears that people are complaining about in your... particularly

anti—season—ticket, every penny of that goes to government. this is nothing to do with the private sector. that railway is run under contract. the government takes the entire farebox. so the reason why fa res entire farebox. so the reason why fares are going up and up is a government policy. all right, we leave it there then. thanks nigel. by the time they are ten years old, children in britain have eaten their way through an entire childhood's worth of sugar. that's according to research by public health england which is urging parents to take action and cut back on their children' s sugar intake to tackle obesity. children over the age of four should have no more than the equivalent of five to seven cubes a day depending on their age that's the recommended amount. but in reality they're consuming almost double that an average of around 13 cubes a day. 0ur correspondent sophie hutchinson reports. putting away the christmas treats. this lady says her boys

have a healthy diet but she hasn't completely banned them from eating sugary snacks. but this report says that by the time children are ten they have consumed the recommended sugar intake for an 18—year—old, has shocked her. it is frightening. it is the hidden sugar that is probably doing it because you not, you are not scrutinising every product your child is eating. you have to be strict because if they can open the cupboard now, there is this gets in the cupboard but they will ask. they had some yesterday. we don't stop them, but they know they can only have one or two, not every single day. public health england is warning families need to look more closely at what they are buying and cut back on sugar by choosing healthier versions of the food they need. cutting the breakfast cereal down to a lower sugar breakfast cereal will save 50 cubes of sugar. these add up and you can make a change to your child's diet and their health in the future.

what is the main source of sugar in children's diets? 6% comes from yoghurt. 8% from breakfast cereals. but 10% still comes from fizzy drinks and the main culprit rvs, 14% comes from children eating chocolate and sweets. there is already a levy on sugary soft drinks but public health england have said if manufacturers don't reduce sugar enough in food, there may be a case for a so—called pudding tax on puddings, cereals, yoghurt and chocolate. but the food industry says it will not work. there is no evidence food taxes change obesity. they might change prices and what people buy in the shops but they don't change overall eating patterns. just how to help people cut back on sugar is still being irresistible it can be.

you can stop yourself? what do you say to yourself? do anything other than look at it. it depends if it is mine. as experts suggests a pudding tax could tackle high levels of sugar consumption we'll speak to a food writer and the owner of pudding company after 8.30. the home secretary has questioned whether migrants making the journey across the english channel in small boats are genuine asylym seekers. on a visit to dover, he said they should be seeking asylum in the first safe country they enter. he also defended his decision to declare a major incident last week, saying there had been a steep increase in the numbers making thejourney. 0ur correspondent duncan kennedy is in doverfor us. the home secretary today heading out of dover to see for himself after cutting short a holiday he did

say and question whether those people coming over where genuine asylu m people coming over where genuine asylum seekers. you know, his comments have angered many migrant support groups, who say that although the numbers of people coming over india's rickety dinghies might be small, everyone has a right to seek asylum. the home secretary heading out of her to see himself the border force operation the channel. half an hour on board in the kind of calm conditions that many migrants use to make their crossing. but mrjavid questioned whether those coming were actually fleeing persecution. if you are a genuine asylum seeker then why have you not sought asylum in the first safe country that you arrived in? because you know, france is not a country where anyone would argue it is not safe in any way whatsoever. but some migrant support

groups say those comments from the home secretary are deeply concerning. and that these people should be treated as genuine. they also say that although more than 200 have landed since november, the numbers are minuscule in comparison to those trying to cross the mediterranean. my feeling is that it has been blown out of proportion. in the grand scheme of things these are small numbers of people arriving from northern france. and they have their reasons for wanting to come to the uk. but although migrant numbers remain small, we flew along the kent coast today to see just how difficult it is to patrol the english channel. this cutter will soon be one of three operating here after the home secretary ordered two more to be brought back from the med. but with so many potential landing points, migrants' dinghies still difficult to detect. in fact the whole of the kent coastline is more than 200 miles

long and this recent surge of migrants since november has seen landings everywhere from ramsgate to lympne, a shoreline distance of more than a0 miles. there haven't been any migrants spotted making the crossing in the past 48 hours. it's not clear why, but few expect the flow to stop. a limited but determined group of people trying to make britain their home. duncan kennedy, bbc news, in kent. they're watching bbc news our top stories tonight. rail passengers see a hike of more than 3% delight a year of delays on the network. health experts are warning that children are exceeding the minimum sugar intake for an adult, by the time they reached the age of ten yea rs time they reached the age of ten years old. the home secretary who questions whether people trying to cross the channel illegally are

genuine asylum seekers. now let's get all the sports news. there has the details. thanks by their six games under way in the premier league this with manager. . . in the premier league this with manager... they are going for their fourth win in a row. they are at newcastle, it's currently 50 minutes gone. chelsey looking to strengthen theirgrip on gone. chelsey looking to strengthen their grip on fourth place, they are taking on southhampton, also goals there. the only go so far is for... with that goal to put them one up against them. bottom of the table, bu rley against them. bottom of the table, burley could go out of the relegation places if they win against porter sealed, full details and coverage across five live sport, and coverage across five live sport, and the bbc sport website. manchester city says they get set to face premier leaders tomorrow, they

have lost two of their last three games, and they are seven points behind. those defeats have undermined confidence, and believes they are coming up against the best tea m they are coming up against the best team around right now. the control and details on the game, so it's a good chance for us. focusing on what you have to do to win the game. everybody's asking what will happen if we lose. what would happen if we win? we need to try, it's a football game we'll do what we have to do. they have been trading the compliments at the liverpool, he believes the city is the best in the world, but they are unbeaten in the league so far this season, they are going for what would be a first league title in 29 years, if they we re league title in 29 years, if they were to do it. so he's happy that the fans have been enjoying the run. we are in a really good position in that group of challengers. that is

our first achievement. people are really happy that it looks like it could be there could be a better season so could be there could be a better season so far they've enjoyed it so far. if they are smart, and they are smart, then they will enjoy it into the last match day. we will see what it brought. chelsea signed the usa... for £50 million. they will loan it back to the german club until the end of the season. he's 20, started his use career at bradley town. he scored nine goals in 23 games for his country. he was linked with liverpool in this transfer window, but he opted for chelsea, saying it's a privilege to sign to such a legendary club. 58 million is the biggest transfer be paid for an american player. steve bruce has been named the new manager of championships wednesday, he will ta ke championships wednesday, he will take charge from the 1st of february

with assistance from steve. taking control until then, bruce previously managed local rivals sheffield united. in his favour is his record of taking teams up, no manager in history has one more promotions to the english top flight. andy murray has suffered another setback on his comeback from hip surgery. he was knocked out in the second round of the international. murray was playing in his first tournament since september, but he lost straight sets to russia. 7—5— 6—2. ranked 240 than the world. said yesterday that he doesn't know how much longer he can continue playing at the top level. his neck schedule tournament is the australian open. the prescribed some of the year, which starts on the 14th of january. there is injury concern for england's rip the union. news that flanker sam underhill could be ruled out of the tournament, he damaged ankle ligaments on sunday. he will

see a specialist to find out the extent of the problem, but recovery time is usually about around six weeks. england said the 2019 six nations campaign with a visit to defending champions ireland on february the 2nd. that is all the sport for now, remember you can keep updated on those six premier league games tonight, leading burley one male at the moment. watford with the other goal, one nil up against... full details on bbc sport website, will be back again soon. white back sarah, thanks for that. a police sergeant injured in attack on new year's eve says instinct over. sergeant valentine was one of three people who are injured in the attack at victoria station. police say that increasingly confident that the suspect acted alone. 0ne increasingly confident that the suspect acted alone. one of those hurt in the attack was a british transport police officer, he now says he had no idea what he would face when he heard screams. chief

co nsta ble face when he heard screams. chief constable says he's visited valentine and give this update on his condition. lee and his team are in good spirits. i was able to talk through with them the detail of the events, which actually took place almost where we are standing. they heard the commotion and the shouts and they responded really quickly. within a matter of seconds they had the individual under control. they were very modest about what they did. i don't think they saw it as anything out of the ordinary. i think they are heroes and they did incredible things. they are in good spirits, but we need to take care of them now and make sure that we have the right support mechanisms in place. earlier, our correspondent fiona trott gave us this update from victoria station. this is where the terrifying attack happened on new year's eve. 0n this is where the terrifying attack happened on new year's eve. on that tram platform behind me. sergeant lee valentine was stabbed in the

shoulder, we've been told he's now recovering at home. when he hears account of what happened that night, you get a real sense ofjust how brave he and his colleagues were. we had no idea what we were running towards, when we heard the screams he said. when we saw the man wielding a knife, instinct took over. police believe the attacker may have acted alone in the final stages. but in the coming months, they will try to establish whether or not anybody assisted him or encouraged him. meanwhile, the search of a house near here has now concluded. as we know, the 25—year—old arrested on suspicion of attempted murder has been detained under the mental health act. today the suspect sami said that thoughts and prayers were with those who were injured. it was important for the police investigation to take its course they said. for any assumptions and speculation to be avoided. we also had an update on the couple who were injured that night. the couple in their 50s. the man is due to be released from hospital in the next few days. his partner, who was injured in the face

and in the stomach, may be treated in hospitalfor a and in the stomach, may be treated in hospital for a little and in the stomach, may be treated in hospitalfor a little longer. a murder investigation is under way after a woman and two men were found dead following a house fire in lincolnshire on new year's day. it happened in the village of kirton near boston. police are are not looking for anyone else in connection with the blaze. they are appealing for witnesses to the fire to come forward as their investigation continues. a woman has died after falling hundred and 50 metres from a mountain on new year's day. ??new line the british university student was coming with three others on... when she plunged to her death, it's the second death on britain's i speak. president trump has said the us government could be shut down for a "long time", as the ongoing row about the mexico border wall rumbles on. he's meeting congressional leaders to discuss the budget dispute over how it would be funded. earlier he explained his proposal. numbers as high as $275 million we

lose on illegal immigration, and we have a wall where you're talking about to complete, because again, a lot has already been done. you know we've been getting money in, somebody said that we didn't spend money, well we have spent it, but we don't pay contractors before they finish thejob, that's don't pay contractors before they finish the job, that's one of the other things that pat and i sort of instituted. would like to have people do the work. so, if were building a well, we are paying as they build it, we pay it when it's finished. so they do a good job, this way they don't good job, we don't pay them. not all of the money has been paid, but the money has been used. so maybe you guys can remember that when you say that i haven't spent the money. we spent the money, we want to finish it up. 0ur north america reporter anthony zurcher is in washington for us. anthony, no resolution it seems at the moment to this impasse, the present suggest that the shutdown could go on for a long time. bad news obviously for those workers who aren't getting paycheques. no, exactly. we're reaching the

point where they are going to start receiving paycheques, that is going to have an effect on people who are living close to the bone financially speaking. i think what you're going to see first and foremost are democrats in the house of representatives passed some legislation, that could reopen the government, all but the department of homeland security for the rest of the year. the senate will then have to decide whether they are willing to decide whether they are willing to approve it or continue to negotiate. if they do approve it, it's up to donald trump to sign it, and it sound like trump is not going to sign anything that does not give him his wall funding. when you elect a real estate magnet as president, you get a longer discussion of the intricacy of of pain for a while rather than details of your negotiating position at things. all right, no one wants own a shutdown. people who've been labelled with perhaps being responsible for shutdowns in the past have had enormous problems, and we think of course of the republican congress

during the time of bill clinton. who owns the shutdown at the moment? well, if you look at the polls, the american public by and large views this as a shutdown of donald trump's making. that may be in part because just last month donald trump said that it would be his shutdown. he said he would own it. that border security and building his border wall was a high enough priority for him that he was willing to shut down the government. that was in keeping with things he said throughout the past year or two, where he said a shutdown would necessarily be a bad thing, soi shutdown would necessarily be a bad thing, so i think the public is taking him at his word here. they also generally do not support construction of a border wall, they do not see it as a sound use of money. any kind of blame or followed from this shutdown is going to come down on donald trump's shoulders. the reality however is that he's pretty close to his base of support a nyway pretty close to his base of support anyway right now. his political base likes the wall, and they like him, and they have shown in the past that they are not going to be deterred by

any kind of permutations and public policy debates, or things that donald trump says or does. i don't think you can expect to see a precipitous drop in donald trump's public support because of this. antony, thanks for that. in washington. nasa has revealed the first clear images of ultima thule, an icy world right on the edge of our solar system. past pluto, past neptune, further than we have ever been before. it is so far away the highest resolution photos will only arrive back here on earth sometime in february. new horizons principal investigator, alan stern, revealed the latest image at a news conference in the last hour let me say that bowling pin is gone. it's a snowman. if it's anything at all. and, you know, we have to start thinking about some provisional names, and particularly we need names, and particularly we need names right up front for the two lows, so that we can refer to them individually. not being scientists, we not all that creative with words,

so we've decided to name one that lowballed, and the other one to leave. not that creative with the naming. let's talk to susie the country scientist at the university of leicester. it's a snowman apparently susie. it's a snowman apparently susie. it certainly looks like a snowman doesn't? what do you make of these images so far? the first thing that we saw a really we couldn't determine that much about the object itself, but the ones i can do today are really quite incredible. i think the most important feature is that we are able to see that this object is actually made of two bodies that have come together. to form the snowman shape, it really wasn't clear what the initial image about this structure of the body itself. this is really important, because we know that the planet in our solar system, the large bodies and hours solar system formed through coalescence of salt billy max muller bodies. it looks like we might adjust phone past really one of the

early building blocks of planetary systems in our solar system. so it's quite remarkable. the suggestion is that it's really quite smooth, that there's not that many craters on it. yes, at the moment, it doesn't look like there's too many craters on the surface, but this image that we received today doesn't have a great viewing angle. there isn't much shadow across the surface, so we cannot really see if there's craters. although at first glance, it doesn't look like there are many craters, we can't rule that out yet. there's no question that these two things are fused together, its not one thing revolving around the other. that's correct. certainly i think we're that's correct. certainly i think we' re pretty that's correct. certainly i think we're pretty confident that its two objects that have coalesced. what are we learning? well as i mentioned this coalesced object, if they continue to coalesce, eventually form a larger body in our solar system. so, were really looking at quite fundamental objects. at the moment, we don't

have composition, that information is coming down at the moment. we expect another press conference tomorrow, giving a bit of insight into the composition of the object itself. that will tell us much more about the history of the subject. what to best guess about what this thing might be made of? probably ice. most of the objects are made of rock and ice, we suspect are made of rock and ice, we suspect a combination of ice, but as of yet, nobody during that press conference was willing to hazard a bet. were really getting a sense of the building blocks of the creation of the universe. certainly the creation of our solar system yes, yes exactly. these objects are important because they area objects are important because they are a long way away from the sun. in are a long way away from the sun. in a very cold environment, they have not changed over time. it's a bit like looking back in time, we think this object forms in the early solar system, you know, sussed billions of

yea rs system, you know, sussed billions of years ago, we've been able to see this object and observe in detail. it's like going back in time in our solar system. still quite a while before we get these high risk pictures, and get a real sense of what's going on up there. .com so the image that you're looking at the screen is the best image that we have, have the resolution of about 150 mm per pixel, the best images that we will get back will have 35 metres per pixel. so we really are going to get a much better image come up but it ta kes a much better image come up but it takes time for them to come back in the spacecraft, so we will not get those for several months. 0k susie thanks forjoining us. two giant panda cubs born last october in east china have begun their weaning in the new year. the male cub xuebao has been practising drinking milk, and apparently wakes up as soon as his milk dish is brought. the female, qianjin is said to be less inclined to behave and hasn't fully mastered the skills of drinking milk. but they've learned to eat bamboos and bamboo shoots and both xuebao and qianjin are said to be immensely popular with visitors to their breeding reserve.

time for a look at the weather news ben has the details. good evening, temperatures are down below freezing in some parts of the country. it is going to stay chilly as we head through the next few days. son sunshine, some being the operative word. a lot of clout as well. some patchy frost and fog patches as well. so, this is how things shape up well. so, this is how things shape up to the rest of this evening and tonight. a lot of clout around, where we see clear spells parts of eastern and southern scotland, east wales to the west midlands that's where we are likely to see dense freezing fog. the temperatures down below freezing for many, even in the big towns and cities. 0ut below freezing for many, even in the big towns and cities. out in the countryside, we're likely to get down to —6, maybe minus seven degrees. so, we get on into tomorrow, and will start off with a bit of the mixture, areas of cloud,

fog, sunshine. we should stay mostly dry as we go on to the day, maybe the odd shower grazing, temperatures struggling well down into single digits. it doesn't warm up particularly as we have been friday into the weekend. a lot of clout, some fog, and a little bit of sunshine. hello. this is bbc news. the top stories for you now. rail passengers face a hike in fares of more than 3%, despite a year of delays and cancellations across the network. health experts warn children are exceeding the minimum sugar intake for an adult by the time they reach the age of ten. the home secretary questions whether people trying to illegally cross the channel are genuine asylum seekers. president trump warns the us government shutdown could last "a very long time" as he holds out for the billions to build his border wall. nasa unveils the first clear images from the most distant object ever visited by a spacecraft ultima thule. charities are calling

on the government to do more to help cancer patients who are in financial crisis. research by macmillan cancer support suggests the majority of people living with cancer are on average £570 a month worse off as a result of their diagnosis. many people stop or cut down on work, which of course means their income goes down. there can also be extra costs, such as trips to the hospital, higher heating bills and more help needed at the home. the government says it is rolling out a "recovery package" to support people with cancer, and over 300,000 people will benefit every year by 2020. 0ur north of england correspondent judith moritz reports. # given all my love, babe. # what more can i do... jeff southworth used to belt out the tunes, singing and compering on the blackpool pub

and club circuit. but in 2012, jeff was diagnosed with face cancer. his top jaw and lip were removed. nowjeff can't sing and finds speaking difficult. the cancer has cost him his livelihood. life has been really tough. jeff's wife sue works full—time to support them both. they found it especially hard to make ends meet during his treatment. i used to sit down at night and just think, "what am i going to do tomorrow? how am i going to sort this out?" phoning there and robbing peter to pay paul. i needed to keep him warm because he was freezing. so we kept in one room. we had no money at the end. it's notjustjeff and sue who know the cost of cancer. 18 months of cancer treatment, 18 months of fighting financially.

it didn't let up until she died. in stirlingshire, tina morrison lost her daughter lisa to cervical cancer. during treatment, lisa stopped work and couldn't keep up with card and loan payments. you could just see the fear in herface, opening it. her car had to be returned and tina says lenders showed little sympathy. they have to look at people as people, as human beings, and what they're dealing with. it's all very well saying, "0h, they have taken out a loan, they've taken out an agreement." yes, but nobody looks ahead to think, "what if i get cancer one day and i can't pay this back?" cancer doesn't wait until you've saved up enough cash for it... macmillan cancer support say the introduction of a new universal credit benefit system has made things more difficult, partly because payments are made less frequently than before. if you've got a terminal condition, you know,

you can't afford to wait five weeks. you need the money now. and there are something like 26,500 people who are worrying about whether they are going to need to reapply, whether that means extra hoops to jump through. when actually, theyjust want to get on with dealing with their condition and the treatment and living their lives. back in blackpool, the southworths say they've battled with benefits. they say that after treatment, jeff was reassessed and told he no longer qualified. i remember in the evening, the interview, the assessment, jeff cried. he sobbed. and he said, "i can't talk, i can't communicate how i feel." and she just said, "well, i can understand you now." how did that make you feel? horrible. i felt low. really, really low. did it feel fair? no. you've been through a journey. support and understanding has come from fellow cancer patient chris. you were one of the first people that we helped.

his charity gave a phone tojeff, who needed to text, but couldn't afford a mobile. chris says cancer survivors are often left behind financially. we've got more and more than ever people living with cancer. and we've got less and less opportunity for those people, so we're saying, "look, it's great. we are keeping you alive." but actually, yeah, 0k, but let me have a fair go at it. you know, i've got one disability as it is. the government introduced a recovery package for cancer patients in 2015 and says that by 2020, it will help 300,000 people a year. as forjeff and sue, who were teenage sweethearts, they say that now theirs is a simple life, living without luxury, but lucky thatjeff is still living at all. judith roberts, bbc news, blackpool. more now on our top story.

health officials in england are calling for the government to consider introducing a "pudding tax" to help curb the amount of sugar being consumed by children. according to public health england, children on average consume the equivalent of around 13 sugar cubes a day eight more than the recommended limit. with me is emma crowhurst, a food writer, chef and cookery teacher. also karen laggett, who owns the cotswold pudding company. hello to you. good to see you both. ifi hello to you. good to see you both. if i could start with you, putting tax, good idea? i think if i could start with you, putting tax, good idea? ithink many if i could start with you, putting tax, good idea? i think many to force the issue. we need to help pa rents force the issue. we need to help parents make the right choices about the food that they buy. there are some is confusing out there. labels have changed so many times over the last couple of years and i think when you can have a carrot cake that get 60 grams of sugar, which is two tablespoons more than the adult daily allowance, or a chocolate fudge cake which has got one of the

five —— has got 125 grams of sugar, hidden sugar that people are not aware of. you keep sure to a minimum in your recipes? we do. because i'm a teacher, we try to give our stu d e nts a teacher, we try to give our students the right help and information so that when we are doing ordinary recipes like a victorious sandwich cake, we might do the reduced sugar version as well if he rear one so they can make the right choices. i think food education in school is so important because if people cannot cook, they cannot make those choices. they cannot make those choices. they cannot take the sugar and the butter and flour and actually make that themselves. so they can see how much is done to it. karen laggett, is that part of the problem from education? absolutely yes. but at the same time, we make a product. we do not profess it is a healthy product. it's a treat and it is something you should have in moderation, and it's all about balance. it's not something you would have every day. and yes,

absolutely, the government can guide us absolutely, the government can guide us but we have got to step back a little bit here and take responsibility for ourselves. a few years ago, used to buy things in the small portions. everything is twice the portion used to be. i was buying some petrol the other day and everything was double the size. and ijust think we've got to take a bit of responsibility ourselves. 0ur products, you would not have an everyday. it's a a week treat at the most actively back to country things on some like somebody's health bars you can buy that profess to be healthy and great. i was looking at a couple of them earlier on and they have got huge amounts of sugar in them. and yet people who actually look at a lot of these, not many people. those sort of products alleged to be healthy. what about hidden sugars? you make a fabulous

product, i'm sure. it's a treat. it's something you have in a special occasion. what about hidden sugars? preservatives in all kinds of things... i completely agree. hitting sugars, preservatives are awful. i think we have just had to step back and go into a more natural basic sort of... we're cutting it huge few groups —— huge food groups who never did before. ijust think sugar is getting a terrible rap for it. in the 80s and 90s, it was fat. that was a big no—no. now you can eat as much of it as you like. sugar now is getting a bad rap for everything. we cannot take responsibility ourselves and we are planning a food group for us all being fat. we're just eating too

much! that's what it is! emma, karen has got a point. we know there are people casi public buildings smoking stop you can stick someone's cancer rich on the front of the packet and people are still going to do it. the responsibility needs to come from individuals —— cancerousjob. needs to come from individuals —— cancerous job. the £5 ban on plastic bags has worked. the sugary drinks, thatis bags has worked. the sugary drinks, that is also working. i think when you got 20% of primary school children which are obese and 170 children which are obese and 170 children a day are having teeth removed, we need to step in. we need to ta ke removed, we need to step in. we need to take action. also we need to show restraint personally. a treat used to be once a week. i had a lucky bag on friday when i was a little girl, andi on friday when i was a little girl, and i was a pretty weak. five

doughnuts for a pound? week to help them make good choices. yes, it does feel as if, karen, the companies who we re feel as if, karen, the companies who were produced the stuff, they've got a lot of responsibility as well, haven't they? they have. i think certain companies have. as i said in our product stomach or you just don't eat them everyday. to be honest, i don't know if i would really wa nt honest, i don't know if i would really want to reduce anything like the fat content, the sugar content. it's a sticky toffee pudding and i wa nt it's a sticky toffee pudding and i want to make it the best sticky toffee pudding. to do that, you the accies the best ingredients. i would much rather use a sugar, a... by the way, our puddings use less sugar than some of these breakfast cereals. i would than some of these breakfast cereals. iwould much than some of these breakfast cereals. i would much rather make a proper sticky toffee pudding rather than replacing it with some

something horrible from a science lab and making it is a mean it tastes horrible or taste just mediocre. ijust want people to love what we make, which i think they do, and take it from there. we will leave it there. karen laggett and emma crowhurst, it's good to see you both. thanks for being with us. donald trump has ordered a vast expansion of commercial logging on us federal land to try to reduce the risk of wildfires. the decision, which has been criticised by environmentalists, comes after a year when california recorded its deadliest and most destructive ever wildfire, a blaze which ravaged the town of paradise, leaving 86 people dead and three still missing. in focusing on logging, the trump administration made no mention of climate change, which its own scientists say is making fires worse. 0ur correspondent james cook, who was in paradise while the fire was raging, has returned to the town. this has got potential for a major incident. request 15 additional engines.

from the very first radio call just before dawn, the danger was clear. go down into the community and evacuate it. the fire was burning in the canyon east of paradise, fanned by ferocious winds. within hours, the entire town, home to 27,000 people, would be ablaze. this is what goes up and down... in paradise, they are still counting the cost. this is all that remains of laurie crowder‘s workshop. the home she shared with her husband has gone, too. did you manage to get any precious things from your home, orfrom here? the clothes on our back. i grabbed my embroidery files, but all my print files, all my records, everything has gone. so it's notjust the personal loss of your home, but it's

rebuilding a business as well? there's a big financial burden. mm—hm. but we'll do it. we will do it. this is not just a tragedy for paradise. it's a disaster for california. in the past 20 years, this state has seen 16 of its 20 largest wildfires on record. ten of the 20 deadliest, and 15 of the most destructive in terms of property destroyed. so what's going on? president trump blames california forfailing to manage its forests. his administration suggests logging is the answer. at this sawmill, they agree, saying environmental laws and a century of suppressing wildfires have left a dangerous landscape which must be thinned. i think the president has a point, that, in some instances, the forest

management california didn't accomplish what it was supposed to accomplish. we are reducing the density and we are reducing the rate that fire can spread from crown to crown up high. because that is when they get dangerous and that is when they cover a lot of ground. you'll see here, these pine seedlings and saplings growing in after the fire. but this environmentalist disagrees. logging, he says, is not the answer. what logging does is itjust creates a lot of combustible debris, branches and limbs on the forest floor. it spreads very combustible invasive grasses like cheatgrass. and it basicallyjust reduces the canopy cover of the forest and so instead of that cooling shade of the forest canopy, you get these very hot, dry, windy conditions. and that just makes fire spread fast. as long as we keep spending billions of dollars every year on back country fire suppression and logging, we're not using those resources to protect homes. people's appreciation for what firefighters do, for what the public safety folks do, this means a lot to everybody. california's fire chief is adamant wildfires are getting bigger

and more dangerous, and there will be many more thank you cards for one obvious reason. it is climate change. literally, firefighters are on the front lines of climate change. in california — and, really, in other parts of the west — we are seeing it, these changes in temperatures, these changes in weather patterns, all of that is having a direct impact on fire conditions. tyres popping, cars are burning... for generations, california has been known as the golden state. for some, it remains heaven on earth. but for how much longer? yes, people, it is blowing. it is hot. james cook, bbc news, paradise. six people have been killed in a train accident on a bridge in denmark. the crash happened on the great belt bridge, which links two islands. officials said debris from a freight train blew off during a heavy storm, hitting a passing passenger train. 0ur correspondent gavin lee

has sent this report. images of the aftermath of this morning's rush—hour crash on denmark's great belt bridge. police say the commuter train with around 100 people on board was hit by objects from a passing freight train and was forced to make an emergency stop. one of the passengers, heidi langberg, says she narrowly escaped. translation: it felt as if we were pushed forward and then all of a sudden, there was a loud bang, and then the windows shattered over our heads and we fell to the ground. and then the train stopped. we are shocked. we were very lucky due to where we were seated. the passengers sitting in the next wagon weren't that lucky. the great belt bridge is one of the busiest commuter routes in the country, connecting the central islands and linking denmark and sweden to germany. the morning train had been on its way from the southern city of 0dense to the capital, copenhagen. danish media reports suggest that metal poles, beer crates and tarpaulin from this damaged freight train were among the objects to strike the train's windows and sides. six people died, 16 were injured

and evacuation efforts were hampered by stormy weather conditions. translation: it is a very, very tragic way to start 2019. six have been killed. it's very hard to take. right now, we can only send our best thoughts. the rescue operation to free those trapped on board took more than five hours. danish police are now investigating the exact cause of the accident. gavin lee, bbc news. health trends expected to dominate the headlines in 2019 include the new use of data, artificial intelligence, and epidemics that could threaten the world. here, our global health correspondent smitha mundasad has the stories that will matter in the months ahead. data. it's a small word, but it's part of one of the biggest trends changing health care in 2019. with more computers,

mobile phones and wearable devices, capable of capturing information about us than ever before. for researchers, this provides a potential gold mine of new information on our health. not long ago, we heard about an app made by a subsidiary of google that collates patient data to help spot people with kidney disease in its early stages. expect to see more big companies getting involved in our health data in 2019. and expect there to be more questions about how to balance the possible benefits with the risks of private information falling into the wrong hands. at the beginning of 2018, the world health organization put out a list of ten diseases that have the potential to cause havoc worldwide. pathogens that urgently need more research, more treatments, and more vaccines. and for the very first time, this list included something called disease x, to acknowledge that the next big outbreak could come from a disease that is currently unknown.

the good news is that as we enter 2019, the world is learning to be more prepared for a potential pandemic, with new organisation set up to make vaccines for global threats, and even simulation exercises so that world leaders can rehearse what to do should a deadly disease spread. ebola was one of the deadly viruses on the who's list. a disease that claimed more than 11,000 lives in west africa just a few years ago. it's now back in a very unstable area in the democratic republic of congo. local and international teams are working hard to stop its spread, but their efforts have been hampered by conflict and violence. at the end of 2018, we heard that progress in the fight against one of the world's oldest diseases, malaria, has stalled. with 219 million cases reported in 2017, up 2,000 on the year before.

many of the victims were children under five living in sub—saharan africa. the head of the world health organization said with progress plateauing after years of decline, there was now a serious risk that years of hard work and investment could be lost. but there may be some good news on the horizon. many people have their hopes pinned on the world's first malaria vaccine. after passing early trials, the hope had been to administer the vaccine to thousands of children in kenya, malawi and ghana in 2018. it looks like children will now get their first shots in the coming months. the large pilot project will help researchers understand how well the vaccine works, and just how many lives it could save. smitha mundasad reporting there. a ten—year—old boy in south africa is causing a stir in the world of maths. sibahle zwane has an extraordinary ability to work out huge sums in his head. now his mental arithmetic is turning him into something of a social media sensation. pumza fihlani has been to meet him.

welcome to maths. class is in session. at this farm school, the pupils are hard at work perfecting their maths skills. but there's one who stands out. meet sibahle zwan, called the human calculator. he's just ten years old. anyone who knows the answer? sibahle? 540. translation: i'm the best at maths in the whole school. when people see me, they ask me to do sums for them to test how good i am. and they are surprised when i give the answers right. some people even give me money for doing difficult numbers. i give that money to my mother, and that makes me happy. he was discovered when a local policeman filmed him. 250 times 11? 2750. at home, his mother may not be able to help him with his homework,

but she is his biggest fan. we always dream big, most of the time. with me, i wish everything that could go well for him. i want him to explore. he loves challenges. 78... and so we put him to the test. times... 550. 42,900,000. what? how did you do that? after a professional assessment, he is deemed a gifted child, but that brings other challenges. he becomes bored easily and needs unconventional teaching methods in order to thrive. professor belinda huntley runs the wits siyanqoba maths olympiad programme. and she wants sibahle tojoin her class and compete with some of the best minds in the world. if he isn't enriched now, he's just going to dissolve into the rest of the masses.

he's just going to be expected just to keep up with the curriculum. and now admitted to the geniuses programme, young sibahle finally has a chance at a bright future. a genius indeed. now for the weather news. thank you very much. we've been counting all the numbers, looking at all the meteorology. not a lot is going to change. it's going to stay pretty quiet. quite chilly, though. quite cold at the moment. stay in chilly for the next few days. some sunshine but large amounts of cloud as well. the potential for suntrust and some fog at night. where is the amount air —— where is the mild air, i hear you

cry? right now, it is being kept away from us by this big area of high pressure which is parking itself right on top of the british isles, this also blocking the atla ntic isles, this also blocking the atlantic frontal systems. underneath this high, we're trapping a lot of cloud. we're going to keep those areas of cloud floating across the weather map as we go to this evening and tonight. where we don't have too much cloud, some clearer skies, parts of east wales, northern england, east of scotland, these areas where will turn corners. —— where will turn coldest. the far southeast seeing a bit more cloud. the odd drizzly shower as well. we go into tomorrow. it of a mishmash to start. i am hopeful that as the day wears on, and he thought should tend to left. the cloud should tend to break up a little bit to reveal

perhaps a bit more sunshine that we had here today. not that it would help the temperatures much, that is. then we move through thursday night. tomorrow that will be more in the way of clear sky. it is expected to bea way of clear sky. it is expected to be a particularly chilly night. if you're looking for unsettled weather, you have to look down to the southeast of europe. low pressure here likely bring some snow. back home, as we look ahead to friday, yes, high pressure still in charge. this high pressure not in any mood to move whatsoever. freezing patches to the west midlands in parts of wales. we're looking at it largely find a comes in spells of sunshine in areas of cloud as well and temperatures really struggling in a particularly if dust murky where you are for any of time. we look ahead to the weekend. not much more change. perhaps a bit more sunshine on saturday. perhaps not as much on sunday and is temperatures may be nudging of limited a bit. nothing

particular dramatic in the forecast for the next few days. —— may be nudging upa for the next few days. —— may be nudging up a little bit. hello, i'm kasia this is outside source. talks in washington, democrats won't budge. president trump still holding up budge. president trump still holding up with the money to build a wall. the five—point billy and approved by the such a small amount compared to the such a small amount compared to the level of the problem. wind and women in india: a temple they've been banned from going inside. conservative hindus erected protest. kilometres away images of the most distant object ever exported our solar system. we'll be spending some time with a ten—year—old from south africa, whose incredible math skills have been lighting up the internet.