the chef weighs the daily waste. so far, the policy has saved the hotel chain 26 tonnes of carbon dioxide emissions. and there's a bonus. we're also making money out of it, which is a really positive side—effect by reducing food waste. so how do guests respond to this culinary nanny state? if i have tools given to me that i take less, then it helps me. i don't put on as much weight when i travel. i think it's a good thing. i feel it helps the environment, but it also helps myself to not gain, what do you call it, weight that i don't need. there is no ban on loading up your plate here. take as much as you want. but you'd better not leave it. roger harrabin, bbc news, norway. a scheme to monitor the impact of light pollution has been launched by the campaign for rural england. we're being asked to count the number of stars we can spot with the naked eye on a clear night.

john maguire has been to northumberland, home to one we're heading out into the freezing night with the saunders family for some stargazing. david gets off to a strong start, identifying the plough and subsequently the north star. find the right—hand side of the saucepan, and the two stars there, draw an imaginary line and continue along, and the next brightest star that you see. and with a little help from a smartphone, lola and maisie find orion's belt. the three in a line, the belt. no, there. is that orion's belt? yes, there. look, there. why do you think you guys are so lucky? you can see the stars, and maybe other people can't see them. because we live in the middle of nowhere! but what's the advantage of that on a night like tonight? there is no streetlights, so you can see... the black sky without the orange glow.

it helps that it's a clear night and that we're in the northumberland countryside, away from the too—bright lights of newcastle. it's all lit up, isn't it? it's orange and it feels like it should be completely dark. but it isn't, but that's all streetlights and houses and the cars. is that mars? we're pointing at mars on this thing, yeah. is it higher? no, that's definitely mars. oh, yeah. fabulous. the following evening, we're in nearby hexham, to see the lights go on. these are among the 16,000 streetlights which the county council is replacing with low—energy led lamps. it has taken four years, cost £25 million, but will save 1.3 million a year and reduce the county's carbon footprint. and there is another benefit. so, they have a special design, but we have to angle them correctly because you don't want them pointing up or sideways, or in people's windows. the light is more gentle and soft, much less harsh.

we may not be able to control the clouds above us, but by aiming for dark skies, we can have skies filled with light — starlight. john maguire, bbc news, northumberland. now it's time for a look at the weather with mel coles. hello there. there are signs of something a little bit milder as we head through the coming week. but for this weekend, winter rumbles on. we are seeing further wintry showers down the east coast, parts of pembrokeshire and into cornwall and the far north. away from these areas, plenty of crisp, winter sunshine but it does feel cold. that northerly wind certainly not helping the temperatures. by night where we've had those wintry showers, a little bit of snow melt, we've got the risk of some icy patches. under starry skies, temperatures are going to drop away. a hard, sharp frost expected. where we've have that lying snow, we could see temperatures fall as low as —12 celsius in parts of southern england. so a cold start to sunday. we are going to start to see rain edge its way in from the west, affecting parts of northern ireland

and then into north—west england and up into scotland. falling as snow for a time as it hits the cold air, but gradually as we go through the day, it does look as though the snow will be confined to higher ground. away from that, increasing amounts of cloud and temperatures just picking up slightly in far south—west. hello this is bbc news. the headlines: nissan is expected to announce over the next week that it is cancelling a planned investment at its plant in sunderland. the car marker is expected to say promised future investment over the x—trail suv model will be pulled. the president of venezuela, nicholas maduro, is facing another wave of protests from supporters of self—declared interim presidentjuan guaido.

russian president, vladimir putin, says russia is suspending the cold war—era intermediate—range nuclear forces treaty, after a similar move by the united states. freezing temperatures are continuing into the weekend after snow causes more travel chaos overnight. england's minister for schools says pupils should be banned from taking smartphones into school. now on bbc news, a rarely—seen view of life on the streets. in this special inside out report we hearfrom rough sleepers on the streets of newcastle in their own, sometimes upsetting, words. in the next hard—hitting half hour, voices seldom heard, those living on our streets. any spare change, guys? it's easy enough stealing that if you get caught, you go to prison. i do what i'm doing to survive. can you spare a little change, please ?

you are a good guy, right? why do you not work? mental—health problems is one. individual stories, highs and lows. i can't afford cigarettes so sometimes i got to pick one up off the floor. i will not pick a rolly one up now because i did it and i was in hospital because it had spice in it. somebody phone an ambulance. i'm chris jackson and this is inside out. on a cold winter's night, there is nothing better than snuggling up on the sofa with a nice, warm meal. but you only have to walk through any of our towns and cities to see people for whom that comfort is out of reach. the truth is, it doesn't take much for any of us to end up homeless. everyone has their own story. most remain untold. but tonight, in their own words,

we give voice to those living on the streets of newcastle. any spare change, guys? i had a house, car, wife, kids. i had a brilliant job up in scotland. any spare change, please? i would go back there tomorrow if they said there was a job there for us. thank you so much, darling. god bless. it's degrading having to beg to feed yourself. i could go and steal from somebody. it's easy enough stealing but if you get caught, you go to prison. i do what i'm doing to survive. thank you so much. good night, god bless. i'm always pleasant and polite. always please and thank you. it's more annoying when they ignore you. at the end of the day, they are no different to me. they are only one paycheck away from being in my situation. rome wasn't built in a night.

patience is virtue, mate. i could win the lottery tomorrow. that would be a good'un. see how many people say that they're my best friend then. any spare change, please? excuse me, can you spare a little change, please? thank you. spare a bit of change, please. thanks very much. all the best. cheers. i'm just going to have a quick look through here and see if there's any clothes. ora blanket. i don't know. no good. the reason i came to england was to go to rehab because i was

on the waiting list for three and half years in ireland and i got nowhere. i came here and they told me god would help me and it works for some people, i won't knock it for that point, but... smack and heroin comes before everyone, everything. your children, everything. my mum, everyone. i'm ashamed of doing things like this. when you've got to beg for drugs, it'sjust horrible. i've even taken risks like this, any needle could be there. you'll see plenty of needles down here, that's why i tend to try

and sleep on the pallets. heroin. it helps people just escape from the things that people have done to them in this life, mostly. like a lot of people have been raped or abused or brought up in crazy families. i was sent to a really posh private boarding school in ireland but the social welfare sent me there because my mum was very sick. we had to do latin, fine arts, play cricket, rugby and that was hard to fit in there because they drove bentleys, ferraris and i started telling lots of lies to try and fit in with the rich kids because, i don't know why, we're social creatures, we want to fit in and then there was a teacher there.

yeah... he was very clever, the way he abused people. and it really affected my mind for life. i don't want to get emotional so i'lljust take a second. yeah, that would have been one of the main, the reason i had a nervous breakdown was over that because i thought it was my fault. i didn't realise i was manipulated by him and, yeah... and because the school was so posh, i always felt like nobody would believe me. i felt shame and embarrassment.

i'm a boy, i'm a man and for someone to take your manhood away is, yeah... it's like it's stolen in an instant. i could go on for ages about how that led to things but, yeah, that would be a whole book. how it will happen, when the heroin comes to an end because i don't want to back out to the same thing. i'm going to go off towards the nightclubs now because here looks very, very empty, i guess. he shivers.

all right, how are you? could you spare a little change, please ? cheers, man. could i hammeryou fora roll—up? you, irish fella, spare change for an irish lad, will you? thank you. two, four, six. cheers, thank you very much. we've got no change. i take notes. are you homeless? yeah, i'm very homeless. people say nasty things. this is where it gets a lot more rough, coming down here. hi, hello, lovely people. £8... you are a good guy, right? why do you not work? mental—health problems is one. 21, 22. cheers, man. cheers, lads, thank you. have a lovely night.

cheers. thank you. even my nails are black. so are mine. i'm trying to clean my nails. disgusting, isn't it? i might be on the streets but i don't want to be dirty. no, that's what i say, and i go in debenhams and put all the make—up on! we are trying to get £16 so that's like £8 each. you just get a room for the night. god bless.

if we can't make that, we'll sleep at the top of the street. we've got a couple of blankets and tent, so... spare a little change, sir? i'm going to go shoplifting and go and sell it and make some money. no, you're not. iam, like. well, i'm not coming with you. i swear to god, i'm not sitting here doing this all the time. it does your head in, sitting here all day, people looking down on you. we'll get something. can you spare some change, please? thank you very much, my darling. your hands are freezing. i know they are. would you like a pair of gloves? thank you, my darling. thank you, very much. thank you. you take care. thank you, my love. i'm going to cry. she was crying.

was she? see, there are some nice people. i know it's only a £5 note but i think she had problems. that someone‘s nanna, someone‘s mum. at least we know it's not going on drugs, do you know what i mean? they automatically think that. i'm keeping my lucky penny and you're keeping your lucky penny. we need to keep some. i don't smoke it. you've got to have something on the streets. she was in a proper state yesterday. i don't smoke it normally but... you have to have a laugh or you'll cry.

look at the state of you. look at the state of her now. i'm just smoking. i had to look after her all day yesterday like this, you know. i don't get in that state. i wish i could get in that state. wake up, man. katrina, man. wake up. i'm going to have to try and pull her up. katrina? i'll put your bottle in my bag. come here. katrina? wake up, then. i'd phone an ambulance, pet. i would, darling. all right? just in case.

come on, because you're going to hurt yourself. you've already got a shiner, haven't you? she's all right, just leave her alone, she is all right. no, she's not all right. keep your eyes open, katrina. that's it. keep your eyes open. there is a good lass. keep your eyes open. spice is a big, big, big problem in the city. unfortunately, i can't afford cigarettes so sometimes i've got to pick one up off the floor and i'll not pick a rolly one up now because i did it and i was in hospital because it had spice in it.

it's a horrible, horrible, dirty drug and i don't know why people take it for because you see them zombified walking up and down the street bumping into lamp posts and all that. you know what it is, mate, it's as easy as me walking into that shop and getting it. there's people all over the city centre constantly, do you want, do you want, do you want? i probably had about four different people walk up to me going, do you want to buy some spice? do you want an ambulance? we are taking her to an ambulance. wasted journey. spare any change, please? do you want one, katrina? do you want one of them? she's a bad influence on me and i'm a bad influence on her but we laugh and cry. friday, i sneaked some people into my hostel and so i was kicked out.

i've been on and off the streets since i've been 16. i've been in and out ofjail all my life. i went to jail when i was 17. the longest sentence i got was three years. i've got 15 quid in my sock. spare a bit of change, please? i spent my 29th in prison but my dad knew i was safe and my mum knew i was safe. they knew that i was clean, i wasn't using drugs. the spice is in that pocket, darling. i've done every drug under the sun and i mean every drug. heroin, cocaine. that legal high is the worst rattle i've ever done in my life. most of them do it for drugs. we get tarred with the brush. you will see someone who will go and get that legal high, that spice stuff, they will smoke it and the next minute they are off their face on the ground.

people look at them, look at me and think well, if i'm going to give him money, he's going to end up like that and it is degrading. it spoils it for the ones who are genuine. have you been on spice? no.? so what have been on? you've been on something. spare change? what does it do to you? your whole body is numb. your brain's there and it can hear people but you just can't do anything. and it's like being in an alien world. and it's horrible. i won't lie, it's worse than heroin. because you can get legal high, like, everywhere you go. i mean, everywhere.

hey, hey! phone an ambulance! somebody phone an ambulance. i've seen him about ten, 15 minutes before and he was fine and then i've seen him like this, so, yeah. siren wails. take a deep breath. breathe! he's fine, just leave him a minute. that's it. life in newcastle city.

this is what the government should be ashamed of. you wonder why the nhs is full. get people places to live and they won't be full of drugs. again, coming to newcastle, the kindness that people have shown me, that shows you there's some light and the advice people give me when they come up, it helps me. maybe it is possible. maybe. but before, i didn't think there was any possibilities at all and since i've come here,

even a short time, from the kindness of people and having a kind word, yeah, i guess there is a glimmer of hope. and this is my biggest, biggest rock bottom, i think it would be anybody‘s biggest rock bottom, so i hope the only way is up and not a rope. she's fine. i promise you. just take deep breaths, right? deep breath. his temperature is quite low. i'm just going to take this arm out because we need blood pressure. he is still cold with all these layers on and you're wet. deep breaths. is it spice that's done this to you or is it something else? yeah.

what is it? don't know. what does this look like to you? spice. do you know where you are? you're all right. you're safe. hello there. winter has been flexing its muscles recently but there are signs we are going to see something a little bit milder as we head through the coming week. many areas though seeing scenes like this through the day today. and while there are some good spells of sunshine around, we've also got further wintry showers affecting parts of pembrokeshire and down into south—west england, along the east coast and the far north. away from these areas, more crisp, winter sunshine on offer but it feels cold, particularly in that northerly wind, which certainly isn't helping the temperatures. as we head into tonight, where we've seen a bit of snow melt, a few showers, there's the chance of some icy stretches. it is going to be cold under those starry skies, temperatures will plummet. through parts of south england, we could have the coldest night of the winter so far.

where we've got the lying snow we could see temperatures fall as low as —12 celsius. a few wintry showers continuing to feed in across the far north. so a cold start to sunday morning but a change is afoot. we start to look to the atlantic for these weather systems that are gradually, over the week, going to introduce something a little bit milder. through tomorrow, we will see some cloud and outbreaks of rain and snow initially as it bumps into that cold air, working its way through north—west england and up into scotland. as the day goes on though, that snow will become more confined to higher ground. and away from that, we'll see increasing amounts of cloud, the far south and east hanging on to the best of the brightness. still feeling cold but temperatures just starting to recover in the far south—west. and that will continue to be the trend as we head through the coming week. we gradually start to see our temperatures recover as weather systems begin to draw in slightly milder air each time. but a windy start to monday morning, particularly among irish sea coasts we can locally have gales with outbreaks of rain. with snow for the highlands and the southern uplands, and some of the rain will persist through the day through eastern scotland. but temperatures back up into double figures for some areas. so yes, it is going to be turning milder but it

won't be plain sailing. we will see rain at times. some of that will be heavy, mainly out to the west but certainly not exclusively and at times it will be windy. and a snapshot of our capital cities over the week shows how those temperatures recover by day, but by night we could have some frost still. this is bbc news. the headlines at 5. nissan is expected to announce next week that it's cancelling plans to build its new model suv at its plant in sunderland. thousands take to the streets in venezuela to protest against president maduro — as one general urges the armed forces to turn against him. for the first time in years, venezuela's opposition feels optimistic. protesters here want to try to keep up their momentum to bring down the fall of a government they detest. russian president

vladimir putin says russia is suspending the cold war—era intermediate—range nuclear forces treaty. the met office issues weather warnings for ice in many parts of england as wintry conditions continue to disrupt the uk.