this is bbc world news, the headlines: russia has announced it is pulling out of a cold war arms control treaty, and says it will develop a new hypersonic missile. it mirrors a move to withdraw from the treaty by the united states on friday. tens of thousands of venezuelans have taken to the streets in support of opposition leaderjuan gaudio, who's trying to force president maduro from power. large crowds also turned out in separate protests in support of the government. the french interior ministry says around seventeen thousand people took part in 12th weekend of yellow vest protests. most of the demonstrators were in paris, where police used tear gas to control the crowd. the governor of the us state of virginia has denied wearing a ku klux klan outfit in a university yearbook photograph. on friday ralph northam apologised for appearing in the photo, but now says it wasn't him. at 10pm, rachel schofield will be here with the day's news. first, a special report

from finland, which hasjust completed a two year trial of a so—called ‘basic income' for the unemployed. our world has followed four people throughout the experiment to see the impact on their lives. injanuary 2017, finland began a major social experiment. the government started paying 2,000 unemployed finns a basic income. each was promised $650 a month, every month, for the next two years, with no strings attached. for two years, we followed four people chosen to receive basic income. it's a social security, in a way, without the stigma. it's not embarrassing anymore to get benefits. basic income has changed my life. without it, i couldn't have taken

a job with a little lower salary. i got my humanity back. i can start to do what i want to do. with basic income, it's kind of easier, maybe, to get this work—life balance. the finnish experiment has attracted worldwide attention from some high—profile figures, including mark zuckerberg, elon musk and bernie sanders. but does the safety net of a basic income really encourage people to find jobs or start businesses? my name is tanja. i'm 30—years—old. i live in 0ulu, in the north of finland, and i have only worked four or five months in a factory.

now that i graduated from the business school, they are offering me jobs like cafeteria worker. i don't remember the last time that i went to the store and bought food. i get food from my mum. that's so embarrassing. i want to work, and i want to be able to go to the store and buy my own food, and buy whatever i want. i want that cheese, and i want to be able to buy the good cheese, you know? five hours' drive south of 0ulu, in a very remote part of the country, we meet another person, randomly selected from around 200,000 unemployed people in finland, to receive a basic income. even in finland's capital city,

helsinki, work can be hard to find. my name is tuomas muraja. i'm a freelance journalist and an author, but i have been without work since 2013. i was a foreign news editor in the third daily newspaper in finland, but then they decided to put down all the sections of the foreign affairs, so, basically, i lost myjob. it's not easy to find a job as a journalist in the capital of finland. for tuomas, being chosen for the basic income pilot was a great morale booster. it helps me, as a freelancer, and it's a social security, in a way, without the stigma. for me, it's not embarrassing anymore to get benefits. work has changed,

and social politics has to follow that trend now. i think this basic income will encourage people to get back to the society, and not be at home. and he thinks finland can afford a system like this. the northern countries are more prepared for this kind of basic income system, because the same money is there already. we pay taxes. now, we spend it in a smart way. in another part of helsinki, sini is using her inclusion in the experiment to make big changes in her life. i'm sini marttinen, 35—years—old. i live in helsinki, capital of finland. i worked for a danish company, and through that company, i worked all around the world.

after about six years of travelling around, i moved back to finland. and the employer told me that i had to move again, which i didn't want to do, and thus i had to give up thejob. so, i became unemployed. sini has now started working as a freelance consultant, but very flexibly. i have one customer, working for a foundation, and one week i might work two days, five days, three days, so it's all a little bit insecure. so i have work, but my income level changes all the time. a very common comment that i get from people — you know, "you're educated and open and ready to do different kinds of work. how can you be unemployed?" and i think that will be — it's not discussed openly, but that is the situation for a lot of educated people. you are unemployed sometimes. if the scenario of robotics, and all this kind of thing, then the whole concept

of work will change. more and more educated, skilled people will be unemployed. almost a year after the start of finland's basic income experiment, how are things going? has the early optimism survived? i took this job offer. speaks finnish. it's telemarketing. i actually enjoy myjob a lot. i love my co—workers, i love the office, i love the hours. and ijust love to be being independent, earning my own money, and standing on my own two feet. speaks finnish. basic income has changed my life. without it, i couldn't have taken

a job with a little lower salary. i'm going to learn to be the best telemarketing person in finland and find an advertising agency that would give me a job, my dream job. at first, i was quite sceptical about basic income. but then i realised, it is actually a genius idea. if you just paid for those people who have been at home for so long, and been unemployed for so long, that's a huge drive for them to get a job. we are human beings, we need human contact, we need to be proud of something, and that's a huge problem when you are unemployed. i think i have turned my life around.

and things have moved fast in juha's life. ten months after the start of the pilot, he has already started one business, and he is planning to start a second. we're going to be calling people that know how to draw and paint, and doing something in painting, and putting it here, so that next week, you can start filming. in helsinki, unemployed journalist tuomas has recently got married to a former mp, now a green party activist. as they attend a political event together, what else is new? i'm still without a job.

i can't say that the basic income has changed a lot in my life. 0k, psychologically, yes, but financially, not so much. i would be happy if i had ajob, even a part—time job, for the routines. i have still over one year to go, so anything can happen, so i'm quite optimistic. let's see. during summertime next year, i'll have a job. across town, how is sini managing? the insecurity of not having a permanent job, and actually working as self—employed, allows also to have more freedom in the way how you spend your time. my dad has alzheimer's, and me and my sister,

who lives also in finland, we try to help them out a lot. basic income helps me to make myself available to help my parents. it's kind of easier, maybe, to get this worklife balance. a few weeks before finn then‘s experiment ends, what effect has it had on peoples lives? last time i told you my goal was to become the best salesperson in finland. i've kind of achieved that

goal now. i have to tell you, i have been the best salesperson in this company for two months now. i can't believe it, i'm ecstatic. but will it make financial sense to stay in her low—paid job when the basic income payments stop? 0h, her low—paid job when the basic income payments stop? oh, my god! basic income is coming to an end. what do i do now? i'm so worried i can't pay my loans. i don't know what to do. i'm so worried that my finances will collapse completely. tanja, who has a lot of loans, has requested for a promotion to help make up for the loss of the basic income. if they don't give me the pay rise that i have asked, i will go to the internet and take

the firstjob that i get. i will make tens and tens of applications, so that i won't have to be unemployed for even one day. tanja is a different person from two years ago. having a job and being good at it has boosted her confidence. but she believes the basic income experiment was actually a publicity stunt by politicians. i never thought they would continue that but, you know, i think it was for publicity. the whole world is so interested about this basic income experiment, it makes finland look so great but no, they are not going to continue. we don't live in a happy bubble there, so there are people who are not doing so well.

butjuha, in remote western finland, remains optimistic. today, juha is out in the forest to film a training exercise for moose—hunting dogs. when we last met unemployed journalist tuomas, he said by the end of the trial, he will have a job. so has he managed to get one? it's very hard to say why i don't manage to get the permanentjob because i have applied over 80 times and only once i haven't been to an interview.

sometimes they suggest, or they let me know that i'm perhaps too old, i'm perhaps too experienced. maybe i have too many language skills, so they had to pay me more than to others, but i don't think that's the only explanation. tuomas may not have a job, but the pilot had a positive impact on his well—being. it has been a nice two years, period. great stuff has happened. i have been able to write my new book. basic income helps me psychologically because i'm free to do what i want to do, so i'm free to write, to work. two years ago, it was like winning a lottery.

the end of bureaucracies. i was free to concentrate myself to my work. now, ifeel a little bit sad. and i got this letter telling me that it's going to end. quite sad, but i've not lost my hope. and how about sini? her life has taken an unexpected turn. last time we met, we met in one of our favourite restaurants and now we opened oui’ own.

i got together with two of my friends and we started a business and it's been really busy. starting the restaurant, i wouldn't have started it without the basic income that enabled me to take the risk. we want to offer fresh food, local produce and seasonal food and we found a brilliant cook. service! as the experience is coming to an end, ifeel like i'm losing the sense of security, because the amount of money i received every month provided just enough to pay for the bills. i was aware that it's going to end, so i had limited amount of time to try to make something out of that opportunity i got and this is what happened. sini's life has changed, but she believes basic income is also changing society. it has opened the door for a conversation that we might be in a situation in the future where there is not enough work or there is work but what kind

of work, for everyone in the future. it actually pushes and pulls people to come together and find better solutions for the future which i think is really good and i think it's very significant. the finnish government decided not to extend the pilot. the man who planned it feels let down. when the government decided there would be no continuation, i was disappointed because i thought that we had some preliminary promises from political decision—making, that there would be new experiments, but politics is always politics. the government has never really had much passion for this experiment. you really have to have passion to experiment with basic income, which is really quite a controversial idea, even though the idea has been rolling around for quite a long time. but some finnish politicians continue to support the idea. i think finland needs basic income in order to diminish poverty because i think that labour markets

are not getting better. i see basic income as the most realistic solution in the future. but trade unions in finland were never excited about basic income. they believe it's too expensive. i wasn't surprised the government wasn't extending the experiment. we've been testing a utopia and it is possible when you test it on a small scale, but it's not possible to upscale to the whole nation. i certainly hope these experiments with social policy will continue in finland and elsewhere. an unaffordable utopia or a solution to unemployment? the jury is still outm but perhaps finland's experiment will help the world get closer to answering the question. hello. winter has been flexing its

muscles recently but it will be turning milder as we head through the coming week and we look to the atla ntic the coming week and we look to the atlantic for our weather systems. we begin to draw up this milder air. but it is not going to be plain sailing. we are going to see rain, which will tend to be heaviest in the west but not exclusively there. windy at times and we have a reminder it is still winter with some frosty nights. certainly the case saturday into sunday. a hard, sharp frost and some spots seeing their coldest night of the winter so

far. a cold start to sunday but already the cloud increasing through northern ireland, outbreaks of rain turning to snow, even to some lower levels. working its way into north—west england and scotland, the snow becoming confined to higher ground. some sunshine following on through scotland, said more cloud in the midlands and the south. those temperatures beginning to recover down towards the far south and west. asign of down towards the far south and west. a sign of things to come. the winds will strengthen as we go through sunday night and into monday. we could see gales along irish sea coasts and heavy rain for northern ireland, working its way into parts of north—west england and scotland, where over higher ground, it will turn to snow through the cumbrian fells and down through the pennines as well as the downs. not as cold as recently. three monday, this low pressure system will work its way eastwards a cross pressure system will work its way eastwards across the uk. we will still see snow through the highlands and the southern uplands. elsewhere, the winds will start to ease down

and there will be some sunshine on offer. the rain outstayed its welcome through north—eastern parts of scotla nd welcome through north—eastern parts of scotland back temperatures back up of scotland back temperatures back up into double digits, particularly the further south and west you go. a ridge of high pressure through monday night, in between two low— pressure monday night, in between two low—pressure systems, means we are expecting another frost. we could have some mist and fog around as well first thing on tuesday morning. the best of their sunshine out towards the east. the cloud will tend to increase through western areas, through northern ireland and work its way a little further eastwards as we had through the day. those temperatures really starting to recover. we will notice the difference as we had through tuesday. that rain gradually works its way out towards the east but this is where may have a bit of a wave on it. as we had through wednesday, parts of the south—eastern quarter of the uk could hang onto quite a lot of cloud, with some showery outbreaks. away from that, a good deal of fine, dry weather. a bit more of a breeze through north—western parts of scotland,

where we will see some rain at times and some showers dotted here and there but still, the temperature is above average for the time of year. very little changes as we had through wednesday and then into thursday. still low pressure setting out towards the north and west, bringing some outbreaks of patchy rain through north—west scotland. away from that, there winds will tend to be light, many places getting to see some sunshine and those temperatures doing well. a little further on and towards next weekend, it looks like low pressure will remain in the driving seat up towards the north and west, bringing some strong winds at times i may be outbreaks of rain. beyond that and into the following week, we could see high pressure build down towards the south. a little uncertainty, but if that happens, it will turn drier in the south. wet and windy are closer to the area of low pressure and for all of us, it does look as though it will be staying mild. this is bbc news. the headlines. nissan is expected to announce next

week, that it's cancelling plans to build its new model suv at its plant in sunderland. tens of thousands take to the streets across venezuela to demand that president maduro steps down. for the first time in years, venezuela's opposition feels optimistic. protesters here want to try to keep up their momentum to bring down the fall of a government they detest. russia joins america in suspending its involvement in a cold war nuclear weapons treaty. and at 10:30, we ll be taking a look at the papers withjoe twyman from the polling company, deltapoll and martin lipton, chief sports reporter at the sun.