you're watching beyond 100 days. the drug lord known as el chapo is found guilty in new york. injust four shipments, he's said to have smuggled enough cocaine for every american. joaquin guzman is considered so dangerous the trial was held under the tightest security. he now faces the rest of his life in prison. donald trump does not like a budget compromise that will keep the government open. the problem — still — not enough money for a border wall. i have to study it. i'm not happy about it. it's not doing the trick, but i'm adding things to it. also on the programme... venezuelan leader nicolas maduro compares the trump administration to the klu klux klan — and tells the bbc aid convoys are just a pretext for invasion. mummy, we're all going to be quiet... she mayjump up and down in puddles, but peppa pig is awfully posh — and very english — and it seems she is changing the accents of her very young american viewers. hello — i'm katty kay in washington,

and christian fraser is in london. joaquin "el chapo" guzman, the head of the murderous sinaloa cartel, has been convicted in new york on ten counts. the verdicts were delivered in the last hour by a partially—sequestered jury of seven women and five men. they'd heard 200 hours of testimony with evidence from 56 witnesses, some who had worked for guzman and have since turned state evidence. for two and half months, the rise and fall of el chapo took centre stage in the eastern district courthouse in brooklyn. it was described in the media as international drug running 101. a disturbing tale of corruption at nearly every echelon of mexico's government, from police and military commanders, to local and state officials to former presidents who have vehemently denied the allegations. our correspondent nada tawfik has the story. gunshots this raid by mexican marines was the beginning of the end

of joaquin "el chapo" guzman's brutal reign as the world's most powerful drug lord. but it was the work of us prosecutors, who secured his extradition to new york and his conviction, that sealed his fate. after a blockbuster trial that saw some of his closest associates testify against him, el chapo was found guilty of ten criminal charges, including drug trafficking, murder conspiracy and money laundering. el chapo guzman is the most infamous, the most feared, the wealthiest narco trafficker in the world, and he directed tens of thousands of tonnes of high—grade cocaine, marijuana, methamphetamine and heroin into the united states, as well as into other parts of the world, to include europe. for months, this federal courthouse in new york became the set of a compelling drama, complete with a captivated audience and a colourful cast that included el chapo's beauty queen wife,

emma coronel. prosecutors argue that el chapo's many escapes proved his guilt. jurors were shown this muted video of mexican marines trying to ram the door of one of his secret hideouts. the drug lord was in bed with his mistress at the time, and together they escaped naked through a hydraulic hatch installed in the bathtub, and down into a sewer tunnel. and when he was captured, it wasn't for long. the jury was shown one of his brazen escapes from prison in mexico, through a tunnel from the shower in his cell, where a motorcycle waited to speed him off. the trial also heard some jaw—dropping allegations. one witness testified that the former mexican president, enrique pena nieto, accepted a $100 million bribe from el chapo — a claim the politician has strongly denied. the trial allowed american prosecutors to detail the inner workings of the powerful sinaloa cartel. jurors were told that in just

four drug shipments, el chapo smuggled more than a line of cocaine for every person in the united states, using various decoys such as plastic bananas. the trial showed how el chapo could be brutally violent and paranoid. he ordered the murder of his own cousin and was known to personally torture and kill his enemies. he also spied on his associates using sophisticated technology that authorities later tapped into, giving them valuable evidence of his crimes. there were many more shocking stories thatjurors never heard. unsealed court documents included a claim that el chapo routinely drugged and raped girls as young as 13 years old, calling them "his vitamins". lawyers for el chapo denied the allegations. security has been a major feature of this trial, and now that prosecutors have won the conviction of the infamous drug lord, he is expected to spend the rest of his life in prison under heavy guard. feint—mac feint—mac that was nada

tawfik there, and we will speak to her shortly outside the court. —— feint—mac that was nada tawfik. —— that was nada tawfik. the dea's ray donovan had this to say outside the court. he was in control of all of the distribution, the smuggling of billions and billions of dollars worth of narcotics into the united states. el chapo was the leader of the sinaloa cartel, the cartel responsible for putting thousands of tonnes of cocaine, heroin, methamphetamine, marijuana, into our communities and neighbourhoods all across america. today's their addict isa across america. today's their addict is a victory for law enforcement. more importantly than that, today's their addict isjustice. justice for their addict isjustice. justice for the many thousands upon thousands of victims. nada tawfik is outside the courtroom in new york. feint—mac the trial of course has

been going on for weeks, but i guess in some ways this whole day has taken a long time to get to, and they were going to put him away for life... —— yes, this trial of course. yes, all agencies working together,. he faced charges across different districts and us cities, but they combined to try him here in new york, and as we see, successfully securing his conviction on those ten charges, and what we saw in the press conference by the several agencies, repeating of the word victory, saying all the work they try to put in to secure his ca ptu re they try to put in to secure his capture and extradition to new york and try him here was a victory not just for americans and mexicans, but anyone who has really been caught up

by addiction and lost a family member. a very significant win here. el chapo, the world's most notorious drug lord, is quite simply there greatest prize yet in their decades long war on drugs. feint—mac you mention the security surrounding the trial. how do they know for example they can keep the jurors and the witnesses who have turned state witness, how do they know that they can keep them safe? katty, thejury, you might remember through this entire trial, they were partially sequestered, taken to and from court by federal marshals, and significant measures were ta ken by federal marshals, and significant measures were taken to protect the witnesses, specifically his closest aides who had testified against him, and many had speculated that the jury and many had speculated that the jury was in fact taking so long because they wanted to be absolutely sure that beyond a reasonable doubt they had all the evidence to convict el chapo, but now they go home, back

to their regular lives, and as far as we know, you know, there are no specific measures in place to make sure they are protected still, but certainly their identities have been kept anonymous as much as possible to ensure their safety. and yesterday you were telling us while they were studying all the evidence they were studying all the evidence they had requested the transcripts from the various niches, those people who had worked for el chapo and had to turn state evidence, so whether the difference in the trial, key for the prosecution? well, you know, it was interesting, christian, because the jury showed a really sophisticated knowledge in terms of what evidence they wanted to go back and review. the defence had of course been hoping that their argument that these cocaine suppliers, his associates, where u ntrustworthy, suppliers, his associates, where untrustworthy, because they were

working with the government to reduce their sentence, which would be enough to sow doubt the jury's mines. many were waiting today to see if they would be requesting more testimony, and the signal that there was a bit of a disagreement over the counts, but it turns out they were just being very thoroughly —— juror‘s minds. very thorough in coming through the evidence, and that in fact the prosecution wasn't really in danger of losing on any of those counts. 0k, nada tawfik, outside the courtroom in brooklyn. 0bviously, christian, this is a story that has had all of those salacious elements, the narco mistresses, dramatic escapes, but i think as the dea people were pointing out outside that court room, this is a victory for all of the victims in mexico. this drug war has completely destabilised that country, the last presidents tried to address it but thousands of people killed every year, and

guzman, el chapo, is partially responsible for all of the deaths and destabilisation of that country. yes, big victory for the dea but that war on drugs will continue because as long as there is the demand in america there will be someone like el chapo to feed it. yes, and you wonder if others will ta ke yes, and you wonder if others will take his place. donald trump's first rally of the year may as well be seen as his first rally of the 2020 presidential election campaign. tens of thousands of cheering supporters, an hour and 20 minutes of unscripted remarks and many of the same promises the president made in 2016 — several of which have yet to be kept. he said he'd had enough of foreign wars and it was time to bring the us troops home. he said he'd build a wall on the border with mexico. he has said that plenty of times before. but mr trump has been in office for two years, with republicans in control of congress and those things haven't happened yet. last night's el paso rally highlighted the difference between campaigning and governing. the bbc‘s gary 0 donoghue was there. # proud to be an american... #.

the slogan used to say "build the wall." now it's changed to "finish the wall." the president all too aware his supporters need to see progress on his biggest promise. but there was no change in the other key messages about crime and illegal immigrants. in the last two years alone, ice officers have made 200 — listen to these numbers — 266,000 arrests of criminal aliens, including those charged or convicted of approximately 100,000 assaults... another message that stayed the same was the constant attack on the media. that's where the collusion is, with the democrats and with russia and others. and, by the way, there's also collusion between the democrats and the fake news right here. cheering and booing. cheering and booing during his speech, my cameraman, ron skeins, was attacked by someone who got into the media area, shouting obscenities. are you all right? everything 0k?

moments later, the president seems to acknowledge what had happened. 0k, thank you. at a rival rally less than a mile away, a possible presidential hopeful and darling of the democrats was hitting the president hard on the wall. ..here, in one of the safest cities in the united states of america... cheering ..safe, not because of walls but in spite of walls. cheering in washington, negotiators said they'd reached a tentative deal to avoid another government shutdown next friday. reports say it goes nowhere near the amount of money the president wanted, though. this was billed as a speech about the wall, and with the deal in dc, the president will get some more money to do that, even if it's only a quarter of what he asked for. but this was as much about the beginning of the next general election campaign, and if our experience

is anything to go by tonight, that will be hostile, divisive and ill—tempered — just like the last one. gary 0'donoghue, bbc news, el paso. mr trump is still deliberating whether to accept a compromise budget package that would give some money for border security. in the past hour he said he didn't like the deal but suggested he may still sign it. am i happy? at first glance — ijust got to see it — the answer is no, i'm not. i'm not happy. i don't think you're going to see a shutdown. i wouldn't want to go to it now. if you did have it, it's the democrats' fault. well, with us now is anna palmer, senior washington correspondent for politico. let's start with this deal that looks will keep the american government open. donald trump, it seems, and he hasn't seen all the

details, but gets a quarter of the money he wanted for his wall. looking at those pictures of the rally last night, will that be enough to keep his supporters happy, anna? unlikely. i think enough to keep his supporters happy, anna? unlikely. ithink that enough to keep his supporters happy, anna? unlikely. i think that is what you saw with trump wrestling with how to actually respond to this deal. like a lot of things in washington, whenever there is a deal it is the art of the possible, well they side says they got what they want. the president and his aides are now trying to figure out the next step forward. do they shutdown the government? would he offer his first veto? he has not done that yet, although he has written. and will there be an executive action in terms of trying to find ways to give money not in this bill to help him build that wall? anna, if we frame last night's rally is a preview of the 2020 election campaign, and we are hearing some of the same things, time to bring the troops home, build the wall, they news media. are those slogans as powerful do you think for him going into 2020 as they were in

2016, or are his supporters thinking, you have had powerfor the last three years, where are the deliverables in terms of bringing the troops home etc?|j deliverables in terms of bringing the troops home etc? i think the president is pretty effective with his pace and those core supporters, and is able to communicate he is not being able to do what he wants to do in washington, the often rails against congress and even members of his own party not going along with the way he wants things to be done, so the way he wants things to be done, so you will continue as last night to hammer those same key messages, because they work. this is what has ke pt because they work. this is what has kept his core so strong around him, while he certainly has not been able to grow that base at all. anna, some of the president's supporters are thinking potentially he would denounce this deal, as he called it a garbage compromise, and that is quite interesting reading some of today ‘s democrat comments. for me it seems they have the better end of

the deal? i think both sides are not necessarily happy. i think democrats wa nt necessarily happy. i think democrats want to come across as if they are the stronger leadership, they are more measured in how they are doing this. the last shutdown, the cat that republicans got blamed by the vast majority is the reason for it, so vast majority is the reason for it, sol vast majority is the reason for it, so i think —— the republicans got blamed. certainly if you are part of the democratic base and an activist, this deal is not what they wanted when it comes to detention facilities and ice. there are things the democrats wanted they didn't get. can i ask about the atmosphere behind these rallies and the difficulty, or the way reporters cover donald trump? we saw it first—hand last night. as i was saying to katty, when i went to west virginia to cover one of these, it was a bit like pantomime. we were booed and there was a fairly bad atmosphere, but as katty says it only takes one die like this who was

drunk to create a problem? yes, clearly there is a tnt nature, combustible element where the president clearly enjoys getting a rise out of the people there. the rallies i have been to, last time around, it really felt like a rock concert, you know? there were people who had never been part of the political environment before coming to these kinds of things, and they are fervent supporters, they believe what he says, and i think what you saw last night is really the nervousness and concern that a lot of us in the press have when the president a lot of us in the press have when the president attacks us. anna palmer of politico, thank you very much. i should point out the bbc has reached out to the white house to ask for a review of security at these rallies. we will have many more of course into the 2020 campaign. there were no police and security behind the press pen, which is where this gentleman got in and shoved our cameraman, and they didn't take action afterwards, the police, so obviously we would like to see a review of security

procedures. but ron is ok. ron is 0k, yes, a tough 0hio guy. nicolas maduro has launched a scathing attack on donald trump — calling him a white supremacist and comparing his administration to the klu klux klan. in an interview with the bbc, the venezuelan president accused america of warmongering in order to take over his country. mr maduro is under growing international pressure after the us and other western and latin nations recognised the opposition leaderjuan guaido as acting president. as acting president. today, opposition supporters are once again out protesting — asking that a convoy of us aid be allowed into the country. here's the bbc‘s 0rla guerlin in caracas. 0rla. president maduro, very nice to see you. thank you for having us. and opulent setting for and embattled leader. nicolas maduro still occupies venezuela's presidential palace. a short drive away, many of his people are going hungry, but still refusing us aid, sitting just across the border in colombia. translation: venezuela is a dignified country, and the united

states intends to create a humanitarian crisis to justify a military intervention. that's part of this show. you say the humanitarian aid is a show, president, but are you actually saying that the hunger is a show? because we have seen it with our own eyes — we have actually seen people reaching into the garbage with their hands to find food to eat. are you honestly saying there is no hunger in venezuela? the bbc in london has created a stereotype, and the american media also, of venezuela that doesn't exist. do we have problems? yes, but venezuela is not a country with hunger. but this is what we have seen here — an economy in ruins, a country in crisis. hospitals without insulin and basic drugs, desperately ill patients without treatment. and, today, opposition supporters out on the streets again.

more than 50 countries now recognise opposition leader, juan guaido, as venezuela's interim president. nicolas maduro claims it's only ten, and blames the white house — which he says is ruled by the kkk. do you really think the ku klux klan are ruling america? i believe that the white supremacists of the ku klux klan lead the united states. so is president trump a white supremacist? he is, publicly and openly, and he has stimulated the neofascists and the neo—nazis in the united states, in europe, and in latin america. far from the comfort of the presidential palace, trucks of desperately needed aid are stuck across the border in colombia —

blocked by venezuelan troops. nicolas maduro says if washington makes any attempt to bring it across, he'll have no option but to fight. 0rla guerin, bbc news, caracas. the situation in venezuela just getting more desperate. theresa may delivered an update on brexit today. in short there's been no substantive progress with the eu since she appeared before mp's last week. the two sides are still talking. but, bluntly, we are in a waiting game. yes, we are. theresa may denies she is "running down the clock". "i am securing", she says, "the changes that parliament has demanded." but if no concessions on the irish backstop are forthcoming, then two more weeks will have lapsed. and very soon it could be a choice between her deal or no deal at all. let's talk to our political correspondent, alex forsyth. does parliament have any power to

force her hand? they keep trying, andl force her hand? they keep trying, and i think that is now the aim of some of those on the backbenches because there are moves afoot by some backbench mps because there are moves afoot by some backbench mp5 from the official labour opposition party and conservative backbench mps as well, to try to put some sort of what they call safeguard in place, so if things really don't move in the next couple of weeks, if she doesn't return from brussels with a renegotiated deal before parliament, what they want to do is try either to make theresa may ask permission from parliament to leave without a deal in place, or to try to extend the brexit process, that legal process called article 50 which is the way the uk is leaving the eu, try to stretch that out so negotiations can continue. whether or not they are successful in those manoeuvres, we will find out in a couple of weeks when there are a few more crucial votes in parliament, but certainly there are efforts to stop the uk leaving without a deal on the 29th of march.|j stop the uk leaving without a deal on the 29th of march. i am prepping

thermals for thursday. they tell me imight be thermals for thursday. they tell me i might be going out into the westminster cold. is there any point? is something going to happen? i don'tjust point? is something going to happen? i don't just mean point? is something going to happen? i don'tjust mean valentine's day but thursday is looking like a pretty big day, theresa may was going to bring that another opportunity for mp5 to try to shape the course of brexit. the prime minister put down what is called a motion essentially setting out what she is up to, then mps can try to amend and make changes to that, and thatis amend and make changes to that, and that is the real battle ground, people trying to decide what comes next in the brexit process. thursday had looked to be a really important day in that process but now the prime minister has basically said to mps, give me more time, hold your nerve. i mps, give me more time, hold your nerve. lam mps, give me more time, hold your nerve. i am talking to brussels and i promise i will come back in a couple of weeks, by the 27th of february, if i don't make any progress. so that might have taken the sting out of thursday. there will still be some bouts in the commons, but you might not need your thermals, christian. valentine's

day, rock and roll! come on, christian, you know you love it! peppa pig is a global sensation, watched by millions of children — and by default, their parents — around the world. but the long running series has had an unintended consequence on the way its young viewers speak. so for those of you not so familiar with the show — here's a taster... mummy, we're all going to be quiet. very quiet! so quiet, you can drop something on the floor and hear it. quiet as a mouse! you're not being quiet at all — you're all being very noisy. spoken like a proper posh pig. and it's rubbing off on the children, apparently. dozens of american parents have taken to twitter, saying their kids have picked up peppa's very english vernacular. "the most entertaining aspect of my life right now, " sastess, is that my toddler has

been watching peppa pig and now speaks with a british accent. jen says, "i'd like to thank peppa pig for the slight yet adorable british accent my toddler is acquiring." and ourfavourite from leah — "my three year old says "tomatoes" with a british accent." payback for all the years of disney! a p pa re ntly payback for all the years of disney! apparently if you speak with a british accent in america you get ten or 15 extra iq points. i will ta ke ten or 15 extra iq points. i will take them when i can get them. i think we should have got you more out and about, as people would have thought you were really smart. out and about, as people would have thought you were really smartlj have a sneaking affinity for daddy pig, they are in largely a supportive role. i compare my role in this programme in much the same way. this has been beyond 100 days from the bbc. coming up for viewers on the bbc news channel and bbc world news — public health officials in the us are trying to contain an outbreak of measles, as the anti—vaccination movement gathers pace. stay with us for that. hello. wintry weather is on hold

this week. it looks very mild for the time of year. temperatures approaching the mid—teens celsius in one or two knack places towards the end of the week. quite a bit of cloud around, as you can see in the satellite picture —— two places. it will also be quite windy, as you can see on the wind arrows. the mild air drawn up from spain and portugal thanks to high pressure which will deliver this to our shores in the next few days, and we get the sunshine, very mild indeed. quite a lot of cloud this evening and overnight, windy across the far north—west of the country with a front moving in. after a chilly start, temperatures will rise across the north—east of scotland as the cloud and rain moves in, but further south and east, dry with clear spells, lighter winds and perhaps a little mist and fog. wednesday, starting off dry across central, southern and eastern areas with plenty of sunshine after the early mist and fog clears. the further west, more cloud around and more

breeze as well. particularly in the north—west of scotland, you could see some light rain and drizzle, but mild across the board, especially with sunshine or cloud. 10—13d. those winds featured particularly across the north—west of the country. turning a bit windy in fa ct. country. turning a bit windy in fact. it will remain breezy through wednesday night, again with weather fronts affecting this, some light and patchy rain. further south and east, quite chilly, with lengthy clear skies, lighter winds and we will see temperatures touching freezing, with a little frost around and maybe some mist and fog patches. into thursday, the trend is this area of high pressure exerting its force, keeping these weather fronts at bay. in fact it could push this front further north—westward to allow scotland and northern ireland allow scotland and northern ireland a slightly less cloudy and drier day for thursday. it looks like thursday is probably the best, sunniest, day of the week, with widespread sunshine including some good sunny

spells across scotland and northern ireland and very mild once again, perhaps reaching 13 or 1a celsius in the warmest spots. winds lighter as well and it stays very mild, variable cloud, plenty of sunshine, to end the week and into the start of the weekend with one or two max but perhaps seeing 15 celsius. —— two spots perhaps seeing. this is beyond one hundred days... with me katty kay in washington, christian fraser is in london. our top stories: the drug lord known as el chapo is found guilty in new york — in just four shipments he's said to have smuggled enough cocaine for every american. there has been a measles outbreak in the united states, fuelled in part by the growing number of so called "anti—vaxxers". coming up in the next half hour... italy's interior minister says he'll meet his french counterpart this week for talks following a diplomatic spat between the two countries. will this be a much needed olive branch?

plus the story of the pot—smoking tipster who found an overweight female tiger in abandoned houston garage. the world's most infamous cartel bossjoaquin "el chapo" guzman has been found guilty in a new york court on numerous counts including the distribution of cocaine and heroin, illegal firearms possession and money laundering. he was convicted of all ten charges against him. guzman is one of the major figures from the drug wars that have plagued mexico. he now faces life in prison. angel melendez from homeland security investigations paid tribute to those who worked on the case. americanjustice has american justice has been americanjustice has been served, ending his days of evading law enforcement, ending his murderous ways and his propensity of carrying

out violent act all in support of his drug trafficking efforts to poison our streets here in our country. to reach such an important day, it takes a village and this was a village and all of government effort. i have to commend the a team, the avengers, the prosecutors who tried this case relentlessly until achieving the conviction. yes, a huge victory for homeland security. let's speak to someone who knows. john sandweg is acting director of us immigration and customs enforcement and joins us now. we got a sense of the brutality this man had brought to mexico. he slipped through the fingers of law enforcement so many times, how did he manage to evade justice for so long? firstly let me give a quick credit to mike former agency —— my

former agency which played a key role in his arrest. there are serious corruption problems in mexico and the narco money allowed him to escape on the occasions he had been arrested. so we have military prosecutors, government officials, all of them paid by the people working with el chapo, is that right? yes, even the president of mexico, $100 million had been paid to him. drug money is pervasive in mexico and it's one of the biggest challenges we face in working with mexico although not a challenge that is insurmountable as this extradition and arrest demonstrates. it was also extremely rich, did he use his resources to keep ahead of us law enforcement? how is he monitoring and tracking

them? we made an operation to apprehend him and he was able to skip through a tunnel system in the house where he was hiding but i don't think that he was successful in tracking the efforts of us law enforcement except when we were liaising with the government in mexico. we put in a lot of operational planning, so don't notify the mexican authorities or the government until the last minute because of the risk of spies inside those agencies. a big coup for law enforcement was getting people who worked for el chapo to turn against him and work for us prosecutors. how do we ensure they are kept safe? because presumably there are other people who worked with him who would like, not to put it to group —— to crudely, to get their hands on those

people. there shouldn't be any serious... i mean there's always a serious... i mean there's always a serious risk but they should be able to be kept safe. what is troubling is to see the cartel continue and in some ways getting el chapo off the scene gives them the opportunity to make more money. although it is a huge day forfederal law enforcement, the sinaloa cartel are still in business. getting el chapo out of the scene is someone else's wing in mexico. thank you for joining us. that is such a good point that you get rid of one person and up pops someone else and it's an opportunity for them to take over the opportunities, as you said earlier, christian. until the the opportunities, as you said earlier, christian. untilthe demand dies down the drugs will not stop. exactly. enough said! let's move

onto another story, the measles crisis. i think you agreed with me! a measles crisis in the philippines has killed 70 people in the past month — most of them children. the outbreak has been blamed on a backlash against vaccinations. now public health officials in the us are trying to contain the disease here as well. measles was thought to be eliminated in america nearly two decades ago — but it's back, partly blamed on the growing anti—vaccination movement, with some parents questioning the safety of vaccines. there have been more than 50 cases in the pacific northwest. from washington state dan johnson sent this report. families are in fear, worried leaving home could be a risky guessing game. baby leon is still too young for the measles jab and in this part of washington state a quarter of parents have decided not to vaccinate their children. their freedom for exemption is kind of imposing on my right to take my kids to the grocery store and sometimes i

forget this is happening and we have something planned. i'm likely to second, we can't all go to the shop right now, that would be putting him at risk. clark county is one corner of america where measles has made a comeback, 20 years after officials declared the of disease had been eradicated from the us. if you bring measles into a population that is not vaccinated, it's like throwing a match into gasoline, it will spread quickly. there are already cases across the river in the neighbouring state and this is notjust about the medical challenge of containing this outbreak. there is suspicion, relu cta nce outbreak. there is suspicion, reluctance and even complacency over the measles vaccine and that means there are schools here in this cou nty there are schools here in this county where less than a third of the children are protected. we need you to say no more. these are the pa rents you to say no more. these are the parents who fear the measles vaccine

because of the widely discredited belief that it can cause serious side effects. they are here to persuade lawmakers not to stop on —— unvaccinated children going to school. we have the freedom to choose the best thing for our family and the freedom to choose is an american right. i'm not going to spend my tax dollars in a state that will take my kids' rights away. it is for them. he deserves to go to school, she deserves to go to school. they shouldn't have to be vaccinated and risk an injuryjust to do that. there are powerful names on their side, people like robert f kennedyjunior. on their side, people like robert f kennedy junior. we do not know the risk profile of mmr vaccine and that is deliberate. he refuses to accept the weight of evidence that says vaccines are safe. do i want children to get measles? 0f

vaccines are safe. do i want children to get measles? of course not. why do you spread this doubt? i'm asking you to be responsible and ask the question. the questions are being asked. the vaccines are safe. safe from what? do they cause autoimmune disease? there is no evidence they do. there is plenty of evidence they do. there is plenty of evidence but you are not looking at it. they remain a small minority but with over 100 measles cases now across the country, other states are looking at tightening their laws too. joining us now from nashville is dr william schaffner, professor of preventative medicine at vanderbilt university. thanks so much forjoining us. i guess in a way you could argue measles vaccines have been so successful in all but eradicating the disease that parents most don't realise how important they are because their children are not

exposed to measles. that is right on the money. parents don't understand measles because they haven't seen it. i heard one mother say the other day, "it is just an illness with a rash" and they have no idea how dangerous it is. when i tell our own stu d e nts dangerous it is. when i tell our own students that before we had vaccines in the united states each and every year 400 to 500 children died of measles and its complications, they are shocked. measles is really nasty. i guess the point is that if i choose not to vaccinate my child, thatis i choose not to vaccinate my child, that is my choice but if my child then goes to school and gets measles and other children are infected, that affects the rest of the community so do you think schools or states should be able in any way to compel parents to vaccinate their children if they are going to go to school? we decided that in the

united states some 40 odd years ago. each and every state has individually passed legislation, gone through two houses of the state has legislature apart from nebraska which has only one, so 99 times the notion has been passed in our political system that children should be vaccinated before they attend school. that is the heart of the democratic process. attend school. that is the heart of the democratic processlj attend school. that is the heart of the democratic process. i wasjust thinking that we have the same debate over in this country, we had it many years ago were largely because doctor andrew wakefield was spreading his concerns. he was struck off here but now i believe he's gone to america and been revitalised there. i wonder if there isa revitalised there. i wonder if there is a tie—up between him going over there and a populist wave. is it that people don't trust experts?” think that's right and wakefield

himself continues to be a charismatic personality so he has adherents but the whole issue of autism related to measles vaccine is hokum. there is no connection, let me make that clear. good to get your thoughts, thank you very much indeed. i was reading today if you dispersed these people who had not been vaccinated around the country, you would have no problem because eve ryo ne you would have no problem because everyone else's vaccinated. the problem is you get clusters, groups of pa rents problem is you get clusters, groups of parents talking to one another in the same town and that's where you get the problems. right, then that makes the schools more vulnerable because the likelihood of measles spreading grows, which is why we are getting it in various regions of the country. speaking of which, it is snowing in hawaii. another indication of the way the world ‘s climate is changing in extreme and unpredictable ways. that much we do know.

but what we don't fully understand is how these changes might interact with one other in potentially disastrous ways. consider this... since 1950, the number of floods across the world has increased fifteen—fold and extreme temperature events twenty—fold. which means we are seeing more of these extraordinary weather events like the hawaiian snow we have had this week. or what about topsoil? it is being lost ten to 40 times faster than it is being replenished by natural processes. and vertebrate populations have fallen by an average of 60% since the 1970s. with obvious knock on effects down the food chain. are our politicians taking it seriously enough? are we changing our behaviour? laurie laybourn—langton is from the left—of—centre institute for public policy research. they put this report together and it's fascinating reading. can i pick up it's fascinating reading. can i pick upa very it's fascinating reading. can i pick up a very technical term you use? you call it mutually reinforcing impact, the idea the risks are far greater because... these risks we

have been talking about are at a tipping point, interrelated and at some point it will come crashing down. there is that risk, it is something we wanted to draw out in the report. we are talking about how certain impacts we have caused on the environment are making various natural systems destabilised so for example the loss of animal life you mentioned is being exacerbated by direct impacts like building over habitats and physically killing animals forfood, habitats and physically killing animals for food, but then further exacerbated by climate change so these factors interrelate to create a new domain of risk we are calling it, where the natural world is destabilised and that increasingly impacts human systems in turn. why our government is so incapable of getting to grips with it? they are very slow. is it because they are

elected on the short term and all these interconnected problems are so huge and unwieldy and hard to get your head round up there just isn't the capacity to do it?” your head round up there just isn't the capacity to do it? i will give you three, the first is that this issueis you three, the first is that this issue is extraordinarily complex. we have surveyed scientific evidence and put that in the report. there is still uncertainty about the individual impacts and how they interact together. we are in unknown territory so it is hard for decision makers to understand what this means. secondly our decision—making systems, it is difficult for them to make quick, rapid changes. we have to buy into that. yes, but also it requires deep transformations. the only time we have seen that in the pastis only time we have seen that in the past is under conditions of war. also the destruction of environment makes people a lot of money and there are vested interests from

people who have tried to block action particularly on understanding climate change and responding to it. know where those lobby groups more powerful than where you are, katty. right, | powerful than where you are, katty. right, i guess the question is we have had a slew of reports on the dangers of climate change in the course of the last three or four months dash what policy prescriptions do you think you could recommend that would be adoptable in western democracies? overall we are calling for two big transformations to occur. the first is to bring human activities to within sustainable limits while improving certain social and economic outcomes. the good news is that many of the actions needed to stop environmental destruction, also those that could make us healthier in the process. for example we are hearing more recently that more

sustainable diets are also healthier diets are we get the double win as we go through the process. the second shift is to become more prepared. we will become increasingly buffeted by environmental change. we are seeing that more and more and it is guaranteed into the future. we need to make sure our societies are robust of those impacts while trying to stop them at the same time. and we need to talk about it more. it is more important than brexit and the wall. i couldn't agree more. and it was not mentioned in the state of union address by the president, not once. and we did flag that up so we did our bit. police in turkey have ordered the arrest of more than 1,000 people suspected of being linked to the islamic cleric fethullah gulen. now based in the us, fetullah gulen is accused by the turkish government of organising the failed coup attempt in turkey in 2016. gullenist supporters are accused of infiltrating the police force, by rigging a recruitment exam several years ago.

the husband of congresswoman gabby giffords, who was severely wounded in an assassination attempt in 2011, has announced that he's running for the us senate. mark kelly, seen here accompanying his wife to a senate hearing on gun violence, is a retired nasa astronaut. he's hoping to become the democratic candidate in arizona and is expected to make gun control a major part of his electoral platform. katy perry has removed two items from her shoe range after complaints that one of the designs was racist. the singer says she is saddened that her design — blue eyes and red lips on black leather — was compared with "painful images" of blackface. the shoes are being removed from shop shelves too. i have got a thought on that. i think it is a bit snowflake. i understand there is extra sensitivity over what is going on in thejunior and sensitivity over what is going on in the junior and we talked earlier in the junior and we talked earlier in the week about the gucci top which i thought was ridiculous and we denounced that, but this shoe was

produced in lots of different colours and i do worry that we pick up colours and i do worry that we pick up things on twitter, this outrage on twitter, and we magnify it in the media because today all people were showing was this black shoe and didn't show the different colours of shoes with the face on it and i don't believe people are so outraged about that. no, although we don't know whether the perpetuation of stereotypes even in the form of a black shoe is something that perpetuate racist attitudes and whether if you are black you feel those racist attitudes and you see that shoe and it smacks of blackface which is not acceptable. even if it is done innocently, whether that is a helpful racist stereotype that people don't want to see, particularly if you are african—american, but they think it is not acceptable in society so you can argue that one either way. this is beyond one hundred days.

still to come — the man who broke into a building to smoke drugs met his match in the shape of a tiger! for skiers in scotland's cairngorm mountains, the funicular railway is one of the main ways to get up the slopes. but the railway is currently out of action and that's hitting the tourist industry quite hard. so a community group wants to step in to try to get the railway up and running again. the bbc‘s scotland correspondent lorna gordon has more on this story. cairngorm mountain. the winter landscape and stunning views meant, in years past, the runs here were amongst scotland's busiest. some of the skiers here grew up on these slopes. but there's a problem. the mountain's funicular is out of action. it's been a slow start to the season and the track's closure has not helped. this is billed as the country's highest railway, when it is open it will take you through the clouds,

close to the summit of the mountain. but the problem is there is a weakness in the structure and they need to strengthen the beams that support the track, as well as the foundations. katie runs a local business. she says the closure was initially a cause for concern but she adds that in an area dependent on the boom or bust of winter snow, people here always find a way through. there's a lot of coach parties that would come to go up on the train, have a hot chocolate at the top and take in the views, and with the train not running, those coach parties can't come. so visitor numbers, probably, are down. so, now a local community group want to buy the site and run it not just as a winter resort, but through the summer too. it's our work, our play, our heritage, our children's future. the owner of the site says the slopes here are open for business as they work on getting the railway running again. any buyout could take years, but those behind it are hopeful they will take back their mountain for the community who live close by. lorna gordon, bbc news,

cairngorm mountain. can anyone win in the ongoing spat between france and italy? that's the question in both paris and rome as the two sides continue to trade diplomatic insults, in a row that pits some of europe's leading eurosceptics against one of its prime europhiles. today italian prime minister giuseppe conte made a speech in the european parliament on the future of europe. translation: society has been left with loneliness and insecurity, and these feelings are ones that come from the neglected. they can feed unpredictability, and we've seen that in what's going on in a number of european countries. the europeanism of the 21st—century will necessarily require us radically to rethink the sort of institutions that have been the hallmark of integration for the last 30 years. you may recall, that last week emmanuel macron

withdrew his ambassador from italy, because the leader of the five star movement, deputy pm luigi di maio, had met with prominent figures from the yellow vest movement in france. we can now speak to nicoletta pirozzi, of the italian institute for international affairs, who joins us from rome. let me get your views first of all on the french response to what happened last week. was the french president a little heavy—handed? well, we can say so, however this reaction was expected by many observers because the continued attacks by the leader of the five star movement. these started a few months ago over issues concerning bolivian crisis. now it concerns mainly the role of france and

construction of the high—speed railway between italy and france, so ina railway between italy and france, so in a sense we were expecting some kind of reaction on the side of france. i said -- read today that 5—star is reaching out to other populists in europe so i suppose we should cast this is the first skirmishes of the parliamentary elections coming up. exactly, the five star movement is clearly seeking alliances ahead of elections. it tried in the past with other political forces but this was not successful so there is clearly this objective in mind. the five star is also seeking to distract the italian public from other pressing political issues, for example declining growth in italy or decreased —— increased unemployment.

so it is not since 1940 that france has recalled its ambassador to italy. who is damaged more by this, france or italy? i think italy is much more in this. italy clearly is more and more isolated within the european union because it decided to go away from traditional alliances with france first of all and germany, to increase integration after —— and it is now seeking alliances with other countries which do not share its strategic interests basically. thank you very much for joining us. we will carry on watching that row because it is not going away. it would not be the end of this programme without an animal story and this one is bizarre. a man in houston broke into an abandoned building to smoke weed and saw a giant tiger

inside a cage. at first he thought he was hallucinating. but in fact there was a tiger in a cage that had been hidden in the house. he did report it to the police. thankfully, because the big cat had been kept in horrible conditions in this makeshift garage. the good news is that an organisation dedicated to animal welfare have said they will now try to find a permanent home for the animal. thank goodness for the guy who wa nted thank goodness for the guy who wanted to get stoned! absolutely. wintry weather is on hold this week, it looks like it will be very mild for the time of year. we do have quite a bit of cloud around, the satellite picture reveals that. these were the funds will be ringing further damp weather to the north and west of the uk over the next few days and it will be windy, but the mild air is being drawn up from spain and portugal thanks to high pressure which will deliver this mild airto our pressure which will deliver this mild air to our shores over the next few days and where you get the sunshine it will feel very mild

indeed. there's quite a bit of cloud this evening and overnight, staying windy in the far north—west of the country. after a chilly start temperatures will rise in the far north—east of scotland, further south and east drier with clear spells, lighter winds and mist and fog around. we are starting off on a drier note with plenty of sunshine after a ny drier note with plenty of sunshine after any mist and fog clears. the further north and west you go, the more cloud around and the more of a breeze as well with light rain and drizzle. the fine day across the board whether you have sunshine or cloud, temperatures ranging from ten to 13 degrees. it will turn quite windy and it will remain breezy through wednesday night. again, a weather front perfecting this north—west corner. further south and east a chilly night to come with lighter winds. we could see temperatures touching freezing with

frost around and mist and fog patches. into thursday this area of high pressure exerts its force across the country and keeps these weather front is that they. it could push this weather front further north—westwards to allow scotland and northern ireland are slightly less cloudy and drier day for thursday so it looks like thursday will be the best, sunniest day of the week with widespread sunshine around including across scotland and northern ireland, and very mild once again with temperatures touching 13 or 14 celsius in the warmest spots. it stays mild with variable cloud and plenty of sunshine to end the week, and into the start of the weekend with one or two spots seen 15 celsius. this is bbc news. i'm clive myrie. the headlines at eight. el chapo, the notorious mexican drug lord behind years of violence, murder and corruption has been convicted on multiple charges,

by a court in new york. his conviction is a victory for the american people who have suffered so long and so much while guzman made billions pouring poison over our southern border. tributes are paid to the man described as "england's safest ever pair of hands." the footballing great gordon banks, who's died, at the age of 81. theresa may updates parliament on her latest brexit plans, denying accusations she's running down the clock, to force mps to back her brussels deal. it's emerged that an nhs nurse, who died of cervical cancer last week, was given the all—clear by doctors, six times.