hello, you're watching afternoon live — i'm martine croxall. today at 2pm: donald trump threatens to invoke emergency powers to pay for his border wall with mexico. we'll have a special report from our correspondent on the border between california and mexico. after spending time here, it would be easy to question the president's rhetoric, his talk of a crisis, and the threat these people pose, how simple he makes a wall sound as a solution, but it's clear there is a complex game of cat—and—mouse being played here. schools out! thousands of pupils strike in protest over climate change. award—winning author, andrea levy, whose works chronicled the windrush generation, has died aged 62. coming up on afternoon live all the sport — with hugh ferris with a look ahead to big weekend of fa cup action. one of the ties is newport county

against manchester city. it will be one of the biggest shocks in history if newport win. and thomas has all the weather, rather springlike for february. any warmer and i will take a dip in the sea. a slight exaggeration. yesterday was the warmest valentine's day in two decades, and it is every bit as one today. thanks tomasz. also coming up — cleaning up space junk the scientists harpooning the litter orbiting earth. hello, everyone.

this is afternoon live — i'm martine croxall. president trump is set to invoke emergency powers to pay for his border wall with mexico. it's a rare and controversial move — and it would bypass congress, which has so far refused to approve the money he needs for the wall — one of his key campaign promises. senior democrats have accused mr trump of a ‘gross abuse of power‘ and a ‘lawless act‘ — and some of his own republican party are also uneasy. from washington, chris buckler reports next) we're going to have our borders nice and strong, we're going to build the wall... going to build a wall... we have to build a wall, folks. the long border that divides the us and mexico is at the centre of america's own political divide. building a huge barrier here has become more than a priority for president trump, it's become a point of principle. yet after all his threats that he wouldn't accept any funding bill that didn't include more than $5 billion for his long—promised wall, he's had to accept a congressional compromise.

the ayes are 300, the nays are 128. after all the talk, the legislation passed with little controversy or opposition. republicans were clearly relieved to avoid another government shutdown, but they know this fight isn't over. i've just had an opportunity to speak with president trump and he, i would say to all my colleagues, has indicated that he's prepared to sign the bill. he will also be issuing a national emergency declaration at the same time. today, we started a big, beautiful wall right on the rio grande... cheering this week, president trump held a rally beside the border in texas, where he again made a pledge to supporters that he would build the wall. declaring a national emergency could allow him to use money from other funds, but his plan is likely to face challenges in court. did i ever say i was filing a legal challenge?

you said democrats... i may, that's an option, and we'll review our options. but it's important to note that when the president declares this emergency, first of all, it's not an emergency... what do we want...?! the trump administration's immigration policies have led to many protests, and many americans will be looking to see where the president tries to find the billions of dollars he needs. it's thought he's looking at military budgets and perhaps even disaster relief funds. mr trump once promised mexico would pay for the wall. then he turned to congress. now, he's relying on his own presidential powers. but in building physical barriers, he knows he faces political ones. chris buckler, bbc news, washington. so what is the reality of what's happening on the us border at the moment? well, in recent months, fences have been strengthened, but more people are still trying to cross illegally every week. there are some flashing images in this report from our correspondent dan johnson, who's on the border between mexico

and california near san diego. after 2,500 miles, these are the final few steps. this is journey‘s end. whoa, whoa, whoa! where the fence runs out, this mother and her daughter fall into the arms of us border patrol. my little girl is hungry, she says, and i don't have any money. and there are over 1000 more who cross illegally everyday. they speak spanish a crisis, the president says, that stretches from the hills all the way to the sea. it's not climbing over a fence or digging under a fence or taking a dangerous smuggling boat up the coast, it's presenting yourself at a port of entry, that's a secure border. they say more fence frees up more agents to deal with the queues at crossings. only limited numbers are currently allowed through to claim asylum. there's already a fence of one kind or another along a third of the 2000—mile border.

18ft, steel slatted, concrete filled barrier, with anticlimb plates on top. here, it's already being upgraded and it's making a difference. this barrier takes significantly more time to penetrate, to cut through. it takes ten, 20, up to 30 minutes, depending on the type of blade that you're using. this border barrier can be compromised in about a minute and 20 seconds. before this barrier went into place, this happened every single night. every single night this fence was cut or breached or compromised. so, the chief here shares the president's ambition to extend this fence across these hills. we have to have a barrier or we will never win that time distance game. the smugglers are using those people that are trying to claim asylum as a distraction to overload my resources so they can run drugs in other areas. that's a huge threat, and there's a humanitarian crisis and there's a national security crisis and they're butting

up against each other. but the numbers are way down, aren't they? you look back ten, 20, 30 years, the problem you're dealing with today is nothing like it was? i wouldn't say it's nothing like it was, i would say that it's changed but that again it's the equivalent of saying, if your house is only getting robbed one day out of the week instead of all seven, that you're done. we're not done. of all the forces at work here, inequality‘s push and pull is the most stubborn. these families will keep coming as long as they see greater security and prosperity. she speaks spanish i'm escaping guatemala, she says, because there are many robberies, children are kidnapped, there's lots of crime and the police do nothing. it could take years to determine their future because the system is so backlogged. after spending time here, it would be easy to question the president's rhetoric, his talk of a crisis and the threat these people pose, how simple makes a wall stand sound these people pose, how simple makes a wall sound

as a solution. but it's clear there is a complex game of cat and mouse being played here, and the border patrol agents say it is unsustainable. for them and for the people trying to cross. manpower, horsepower, all of it is stretched. this deal ends government gridlock for now but securing this dividing line has become the defining issue of donald trump's presidency. and even with emergency funding, this fence won't go as far as he'd like. danjohnson, bbc news, san diego. what might we expect to hear from mr trump later this afternoon. —— what might we expect to hear from mr trump later this afternoon. -- we expect to hear... our washington correspondent gary o'donoghue told us what we can expect the president to say later. yellow mikey expects... we are

expecting him to announce a national emergency, and that would allow him to go looking, or at least for the time being, to go looking for other money. we think you will look for about another $7 billion from things like the defence budget, like the emergency aid budget for victims of hurricanes and floods, and drug enforcement programmes. that will be something that many in congress will be very unhappy about. congress controls the money in this country, the raising of it and spending of it, so he is likely to face a number of legal challenges, even congressional votes, and there are some in his own party who are not happy about it at all. but it's important for him to prove to his supporters that this signature policy, this key policy, is still on track. a reminder that we expect to hear

from president trump 3pm our time from president trump 3pm our time from the rose garden in washington. thousands of children across the uk are on strike from school today — joining worldwide protests against climate change. they've denounced the government for what they call an alarming lack of leadership. downing street has criticised the children's action, saying the disruption ‘increases teachers‘ workloads and wastes lesson time.‘jon donnison reports. from london... to brighton... cardiff... to stroud. school—children went on strike over climate change, in more than 60 towns and cities across the country. all of them young. if we don't change it who will? we are missing like our education, so that shows we are willing to give up our education to save the planet. some of them very young. we need to save our planet because there isn't another one to go and settle on, it isjust planet earth and there is only one. it all started with a swedish

schoolgirl, this i6—year—old‘s often single—handed protests each friday have spread into a global movement. this was in australia, in november. where an estimated 15,000 children took to the streets. and this was berlin. just last month. greta is now addressing un climate conference, and has a message for the grown ups. you are not mature enough to tell it like it is. even that burden you leave to us children. and on the bbc this morning, one young protestor here was putting the government on the spot. what action will you be taking to reassure our generation about climate change ? george, it is great to see you, if i was 40 years younger i would be out with you today, even though i don't want to create any extra workload for teachers and what we want people

who are passionate to be learning the skills we need to solve this problem. you will probably learn them best in the classroom and the the prime minister‘s spokesperson said the disruption was wasting lesson time, and increasing teacher‘s workload. but in a tweet, the labour leader jeremy corbyn called the strike inspiring. and the leader of the green party caroline lucas said young people were offering more leadership than most politicians. but what about teachers? they are going to in many ways feel a sense of sympathy, proud of the their passion but what we are responsible for is the welfare of young people. but for the young people on the streets today, it is the welfare of the planet that matters, and organisers of the strikes want them to become a weekly event. our reporter athar ahmad hasjoined protesters outside the houses of parliament in london. as you can see, hundreds of people

delete my pupils have skipped school to be here today at this strike in parliament square to try and raise awareness around the issue of climate change, and these scenes are being mirrored across more than 60 towns and cities across the uk today, where students have deliberately taken the day off school in order to be here. i‘m joined by two brothers, dougal and lucas. they have taken the day. tell me, why are you at the strike? we are here because we think the government isn‘t doing anything. they are not listening to us, and we need to speak out and make sure they are. what do you think your teacher would make of you skipping school to be here today? my teacher was supportive, and the head teacher allowed us to go out, actually, so i think my school is quite supportive

of it. that's quite surprising, isn‘t it, lucas, that some teachers might be supporting this? does it surprise you? teachers are also people, and they know that this is important and it really matters about the future, because it's the future of the world that this is about. it's more important than a day off school. do you think you will come back here again to strike in the future, skip school again may be? yeah, definitely. this strike is expected to continue for much of the day, and as dougal and lucas said, many people like them are perhaps thinking about skipping school to raise awareness of the issues around climate change. the home secretary sajid javid says he‘ll try to stop a teenager who joined the islamic state group in syria from coming back to britain. shamima begum travelled to syria four years ago when she was 15, but has now said she wants to return

to the uk to raise her unborn child. the home secretary has said he won‘t let anything jeopardise britain‘s safety and security. our correspondent richard galpin is at the home office and explained the government‘s options. it seems there is a series of options which the home office could start looking at. one is simply to cancel her passport. another perhaps more controversial one is to strip her of her nationality as a british citizen. and also there‘s a possibility of a temporary ban on her coming into the uk. during that time she would then have to agree to be investigated by the british authorities and monitored and go to authorities and monitored and go to a de—radicalisation programme. that would have to be done outside britain before she could then come back in. i think if she does come back in. i think if she does come back into the uk, she will be investigated by the police and could face possible charges of breaching

terrorism laws. in development today, at a security conference in munich, the head of m16, alex young, has been speaking, and he has said he is deeply concerned about jihadists returning to europe, and he is also concerned about the fact that islamic state and al-qaeda are now regrouping despite the massive military defeats they have suffered in recent years. the prisons minister says there are early signs that violence in ten of england‘s worst prisons is reducing. last august, rory stewart said he‘d resign if there weren‘t improvements within a year. but mr stewart has also warned some prisons continue to cause serious concern. inmates at nottingham for example are suspected to have smoked the pages of a book that had been sprayed with drugs and smuggled inside. our home affairs correspondent, danny shaw, has had special access to the jail. ok, guys, we‘re going to do a routine cell search this afternoon. the value of experience. these senior prison officers have been brought in to hmp nottingham to guide newer members of staff.

more than half of those working here have less than two years‘ service. they need help to carry out basic duties, like searching cells for drugs and weapons. pay attention to slits like that. you can't prepare for a job like this, the noise, the smell. when you come into contact with somebody that is threatening to take their own life or attempting to take their own life, that's probably the scariest, most daunting situation i've found myself in, and to have that experience there, to reassure me and the prisoner, was really beneficial. nottingham is a prison emerging from a crisis. a year ago, inspectors declared it to be fundamentally unsafe and ordered urgent improvements. but they‘re taking time. and one reason for that is because drugs are still being smuggled in. this harry potter book, found in a prisoner‘s cell, had been sprayed with a psychoactive substance similar to the synthetic cannabis spice.

about 400 pages are missing. it is thought they‘ve been cut into strips and smoked. new scanning equipment will help detect drugs — they‘re a major cause of instability and violence. the prison is fundamentally still unsafe, and that remains a challenge for us. every day there‘s an assault on my colleagues, and on other prisoners. that is regretful. but it is getting safer, but it‘s coming from such a low threshold that it will take time to get to a place where i and everybody can feel safe whereever we go. nottingham is one of ten prisons that are getting investment and support to cut violence. most are becoming more stable, according to the minister who‘s pledged to resign if the number of assaults doesn‘t come down by this summer. i wouldn‘t have committed to going to those ten prisons and committed to reducing violence and drugs, and i wouldn‘t have put myjob on the line unless i was confident we can do it, but it is worth putting in context that in those ten prisons violence has been rising steadily,

month on month for five years, so turning that around and bringing it down is going to be a challenge. that‘s certainly the case here, despite the commitment and dedication of the staff. danny shaw, bbc news, at nottingham prison. you‘re watching afternoon live — these are our headlines: donald trump threatens to invoke emergency powers to pay for his border wall with mexico. pupils walk out of their classrooms to demand more action on climate change. award—winning author, andrea levy, whose works chronicled the windrush generation, has died aged 62. and still to come: an upgrade for the machines which first detected gravitational waves. the new instruments will be able to sense collisions of black holes nearly twice as far away. and in sport: they‘ve already taken some serious scalps so far in this year‘s fa cup, but newport county‘s boss says they‘ll create the biggest shock in the competition‘s history if they beat manchester city in the fifth round tomorrow.

the chances of leigh halfpenny making his long—awaited return for wales in the six nations match against england look slim after he was ruled out of playing club rugby this weekend. ferrari have unveiled the car they hope will win them the formula one title for the first time in 10 years. they say it‘s not a revolution, but a development of last year‘s model. i‘ll be back with more on those stories at 2.30pm. the prime minister will return to brussels next week to continue pursuing changes to the brexit withdrawal deal despite another heavy defeat in the commons last night. a fifth of conservative mps failed to support the government‘s strategy, with brexiteers fearful that a no—deal departure was being taken off the table. the commons leader, andrea ledsom, claims last night‘s defeat was ‘more a hiccup, than a disaster‘. our political correspondent iain watson reports. downing street insisting that

nothing has changed. she is still trying to get a revised deal, preferably by the end of the month everyone though 60 of her mps didn‘t support her, ministers have been insisting she hasn‘t been weakened. colleagues felt it might imply they agreed with taking no—deal off the table and they weren't prepared to do that for understandable reasons. has this strengthened her hand in brussels? no. the main reason for the defeat was a communications break down with jacob rees—mogg and his european research group. they say they were signalling to the prime minister she had to keep up the pressure on brussels. i am confident we standing up for what people voted for, that last night's vote was a storm in a tea cup and we have brought forward constructive solutions. what he also brought forward was a backlash against his fellow brexiteers in the european research group.

one minister each went so far as to call them traitors and suggested they should go and join nigel farage in his new brexit party, and there has been strong suggestions that some ministers who voted to remain in the referendum could try to push back against the brexiteers by threatening to resign. if theresa may doesn‘t come back with a deal by the end of the month, some of her ministers say they could support moves to delay our departure from the european union. if they feel she is not taking steps they will have to resign. how many could go? i am hesitant to speak on behalf of colleagues but i think we are talking of up to half a dozen. would amber rudd who voted to remain be prepared to give up her ownjob? i plan to help the prime minister to get the withdrawal agreement agreement through and work with colleagues to do that. today the brexit secretary was meeting ambassadors who hope to recommend a revised deal soon to avoid further division.

the royal bank of scotland, which is partly owned by the government, has announced it‘s profits have more than doubled in the past year to 1.62 billion pounds. but the chief executive has warned that the high level of uncertainty over brexit could have a bigger impact on the uk economy than the bank of england predicted and says the bank has taken steps to protect its customers. it has been an expensive exercise, very distracting but we are ready for customers, we have put out a growth fund for those businesses that are concerned an they may have to prebuy a number of raw materials for their production, we have put aside three billion for a growth fund to help them with their supply chain. retail sales increased by 1% last month compared to december. the office for national statistics says clothing discounts appear to have encouraged shoppers to make purchases. the bounce back from the decline in retail sales seen at the end of last year was stronger than most analysts expected. black holes and neutron stars — they‘re some

of the great mysteries of space. now the british and us governments are spending more than £20 million pounds upgrading the machine that first made history by detecting gravitational waves three years ago. those waves are ripples in space caused by objects moving at very high speed. well, the new plans have been announced in washington, from where our science correspondent pallab ghosh has sent this report. it is one of the biggest discoveries in the history of science, the detection of the gravitational waves caused by two black holes colliding in a distant galaxy. we have detected gravitational waves. we did it. cheering and applause that was three years ago. now, the pair of four kilometre long instruments in the us that made the discoveries are to be given an upgrade. they are already the most sensitive instruments in the world. inside are lasers and mirrors that measure the tiny shifts caused by these mysterious waves from outer space. gravitational waves are ripples that

are sent across the universe when the gravity at a certain point in space suddenly changes, triggered by huge events like distant stars exploding. over the past three years, the instrument has detected the collision of ten black holes. with the upgrade, scientists will be able to detect many more, maybe three each day. harder to detect are the collision of giant suns that have collapsed, called neutron stars. just one spotted so far. the new machine will be able to detect 13 each month. and astronomers should also be able to see much deeper into the universe, further back in time, even to when it all began, with the big bang. the upgrade will be carried out here, at the institute for gravitational research at glasgow university. they have the expertise to build the high—precision instruments

needed to measure the minuscule distortions gravitational waves create. ultrathin glass fibres are being drawn. these will be used to suspend these mirrors. they have to be kept absolutely motionless and be the stillest objects on the planet. we measure the motion of these mirrors — almost none at all — but the tiny motion caused by gravitational waves, we measure that, and we have to extract that information without losing anything. that means improving the efficiency of the optics, avoiding any light going where we don‘t want it to go, and actually a fairly complicated set of little improvements that altogether will roughly double the performance of the detector. the new upgrades will come on line in five years‘ time, a development that scientists say will enable them to answer some of the universe‘s biggest mysteries. pallab ghosh, bbc news, washington. time for a look at the weather.

here‘s tomasz. very springlike, and valentine‘s day was almost a record. that‘s right, the warmest valentine‘s day for over 20 years. the temperatures were more like march or april, beautiful out there. every day is just as —— today is just as one. there is a load of pictures i want to show you. we couldn‘t decide which ones to show, so we thought we would show them all. the mornings are really chilly and misty, with a touch of frost. by the time we get to the afternoon, it is stunning. you look at that picture in the morning and you think, it‘s going to be a cold, miserable sort of day, but very much the opposite, in fact.

and we are seeing a big range in temperatures. and that is a sign that we are heading into spring. in our climate, it happens a little less frequently than on the continent, where the air is very dry. we are talking about a diurnal range, meaning the temperature in the morning is low and we get a very big rise, the temperature shooting up by as much as 15 degrees in a few hours. you get the misty and foggy frosty mornings, and then within three or four hours, it looks like it could be almost august. on the continent, they get that a lot because often you get high there. we are under the influence of that continental high—pressure, which is why we are getting these spectacular pictures. the record for february is just shy of 20 celsius. we are not expecting

that, but i wouldn‘t be surprised if this fine weather lasts into next weekend. the photos are beautiful. the weather watchers have excelled themselves. and what about the forecast for the next few days? there will be places where the weather will turn a little more cloudy. this clear area across europe is where the high pressure is. the air is sinking, squeezing out the clouds, and all the weather fronts that normally come in across the uk and past central europe, scandinavia then end up somewhere in the east, they are stalling and being diverted to the north—west of us, so we will only be skirted by them. and because of that, we are in that clear window of weather. we have the sunshine, and the sun is getting stronger at this time of

year, hence those big diurnal ranges. this is the forecast into the early hours of saturday. these weather fronts are quite sneaky, trying to progress and move in, and they get quite close because the centre of the high—pressure has slipped away further towards the south and east, towards the mediterranean and the alpine region, meaning it opens the gates for these lows to come in and brush us. by the same token, when that happens, they also draw up mild air in our direction. it is warmer here than in one or two places across southern parts of europe. with this pattern persisting, the weekend stays mild. with those weather fronts coming in, a lwa ys with those weather fronts coming in, always a little bit of clout that may be some spots of rain in the west. weather fronts coming may be some spots of rain in the west. weatherfronts coming in, here is the warm south—westerly, there is the high—pressure — we are in the

middle, the sweet spot for temperatures to rise. i don‘t think we will have clear blue skies tomorrow. it will be beautiful in the east, but the west will be more cloudy. and so the temperatures will be that little bit lower because of the cloud. temperature still above average for the time of year. sunday, a decent day, south—westerly wind, scattered cloud. monday looks mild, and tuesday, wednesday thursday. by friday, the high teens in some parts of the country. you‘re up—to—date. donald trump is that to we‘ll have a special report from our correspondent on the border between california and mexico. schools out! thousands of pupils strike in protest over climate change. prisons continue to cause concern as books sprayed with drugs are smuggled into one of britain‘s most troubled jails.

award—winning author, andrea levy, whose works chronicled the windrush generation, has died aged 62. sport now on afternoon live with hugh ferris. the fa cup fifth round has throw up the possibility of a real giant killing. newport against manchester city — 82 places between them — a city‘s matches against lower league oppositionjust in the last month 9—0, 7—0. beat chelsea 6—0 last weekend — so michael flynn says beating the pl champions would be biggest shock in the competition‘s history. quite a battle for that title — newport have already beaten leeds, middlesbrough and leicester — i‘ve

been speaking to bbc wales today. you are playing against the premier league champions, the team with the record amount of points from last season and the best manager in the world right now. he's a class act and he is somebody that not everybody wants to learn from. we‘ve got to hope we play to the best of our abilities and man city have an off day. it‘s going to be difficult, and it‘s something that we are prepared for, but we‘ve got to go out there with the belief that we can cause some problems and we can do that if we all apply to the best of our abilities. pep guardiola is expecting to suffer. the pitch might not be what they‘re used to.

they lost at this stage last year to wigan. you can follow the fa cup 5th round on the bbc on tv, radio and online. the weather is very pleasant. six nations, not in action, but you are closely monitoring the teams. yes. the chances of leigh halfpenny making his long—awaited return for wales in the six nations match against england look slim after he was ruled out of playing club rugby this weekend. the full back has been out since november with concussion issues. and although he‘s returned to training and was selected in wales‘ initial squad for the match in cardiff next saturday. but with returning players,

he was released back to the scarlets. but the wru say he wasn‘t considered for their pro14 game against benetton. and so he‘ll carry on training instead. wales and england have both won their first two six nations matches. the two melbourne teams will meet in australia‘s big bash final for the first time, after the renegades won their semi by three wickets this morning. they were set 181 to beat the sydney sixers, for whom james vince scored 28 off 2a balls. but he was dismissed by another englishman, harry gurney deceiving him with a slower delivery. the sixers looked favourites to go through before a late surge meant the renegades won with a ball to spare. they‘ll play the melbourne stars on sunday. the south african government has accused the iaaf of a gross violation of caster semenya‘s human rights and said that their proposed rule to restrict testosterone levels in female athletes is ‘targeting‘ the two—time olympic champion. semenya is challenging the rule

at the court of arbitration for sport next week. the iaaf wants to reduce levels of the hormone through medication, or compete against men, and it would apply to women who compete in the 400 metres up to the mile. the south african sports minister has asked the whole country to support semenya in her fight. ferrari have unveiled the car they hope will win them the formula one title for the first time in 10 years. they say it‘s not a revolution but a development of last year‘s model, which came close to matching the mercedes but fell short after a series of errors by sebastian vettel and the team. vettel is joined by charles leclerc this year after his impressive debut season for sauber. i‘ve always been looking at the red car, helping to one day be on this car. so it's a very emotional day for me. i‘ve also been part of the

ferrari drivermike academy since some years that has helped me. with the final goal to obviously have one day this seat which is now happening, so it‘s a very proud day for me today. that‘s all the sport for now. the creators of a revolutionary artificial inteligence system , that can write news stories and works of fiction, have taken the unusual step of not releasing their research publicly, over concerns about potential misuse. there are fears that it could be used to create fake news. elena sinel, the founder and ceo of acorn aspirations and teens in al — which aims to inspire young people to work in artificial intelligence development — is here to discuss this more. thank you very much. tell us a bit about what this technology can do and how it works. based on what i know, they haven‘t quite released the entire code. they have released a sample and what it claims to do it it claims to predict texts and it

was it uses language modelling to really tra nslate was it uses language modelling to really translate texts to summarise and use and is largely very flexible. it a lot flexible than other chat box bots, so it‘s very advanced tool and they are concerned it could be used for abused in malicious ways. how unusual is it for a company not to release its research as this company has chosen to do? i don't think it's very unusual, i think they are guided by their own ethical standards. i believe they have had a consultation which can found that this tool probably wasn‘t the right time to release it yet. it encourages debate and encourages us release it yet. it encourages debate and encourages us to talk about the regulation that could potentially be... we could use with and potentially, the kind of ethical

implications it might have. what kind of abuse we may potentially be facing if it‘ll like this is released in light of fake news and in light of, it could be used by certain governments, dictate dilemma dictation ship governments to marginalise the population, certain segments, during election times to try to sway opinions of the people. so, we do know this can be done. and this is something that is a risk, so they thought it was necessary not to release its just yet. clearly, they thought it was necessary not to release itsjust yet. clearly, some of these, the way these news stories are betrayed, can look authentic if you don‘t know what you are looking for. so if this company have come up with the system, surely it is only a matter of time before someone else can divide the amount device something similar that may not be as

mindful of the ramifications. potentially. i understand it is possible to replicate it. i do not know how long it will take. it might ta ke know how long it will take. it might take weeks or more, it depends on large data sets they have used, they are not releasing details about this but it can be done, it can be replicated. the potentialfor a disaster for pandora box opening replicated. the potentialfor a disasterfor pandora box opening is quite surreal, i believe. but, we don‘t know whether it is easy to replicate. we have not been given all the details in the sample code has been temporarily released and is quite small. where does or should response for regulation of this kind of system like? is a very good question. firstly, iwas in of system like? is a very good question. firstly, i was in the governments need to understand how this technology works and the potential ramifications. obviously, the work i‘m doing as ai for good, so we want young people to use code

responsibly. regulation and government level is paramount, it has to be regulated. i think we are really behind the technology regulation and we don‘t really have the governments that understand very well what technology can do it and what it can‘t do. this is quite evident when mark zuckerberg was interviewed at congress. we don‘t wa nt interviewed at congress. we don‘t want that to happen again but we‘re also seeing a lot of corporate getting away with so much that we really do want to regulate it in a way where we know where that data is being used and how technology can be used or abused. but, being used and how technology can be used orabused. but, i being used and how technology can be used or abused. but, ithink being used and how technology can be used or abused. but, i think the most important focus for me at the moment is to really ensure that when we teach children how to code or students, we really also teach them ethical guidelines, or ethics. everything starts with education, in my opinion. so, we don‘t really focus enough on coding, coding for good and responsible code at the education level and i think it all sta rts education level and i think it all starts there. companies themselves need to create guidelines to

regulate themselves and the government should really be on top of that as well and understand how it is all done. thank you. let‘s return now to strikes by pupils across the uk — who have left their classrooms to protest about what they say is the government‘s inaction over climate change. demonstrations have been held in 60 towns and cities. let‘s take a look at some — starting in ullapool in scotland. what do we want! when do we want! now! we need to fight to change we need to get the people empowered to make changes. so keep going. lots of stu d e nts make changes. so keep going. lots of students have gathered in liverpool city centre as part of the strike. our merseyside reporter — andy gill — reports. this is saint georges hall in

liverpool, about 100 school pupils here from roughly 20 schools come to protest about climate change among them, these students. why are you here today? we are worried about the lack of government action for the that climate change is about to calls. within the government is not doing enough to combat the harmful effects of what is going to be the greatest ecological disaster in human history approximately, and wa nt to ta ke human history approximately, and want to take concrete steps in order to make britain a more equal friendly country, a carbon neutral country to stops subsidies towards fossil fuels etc. yet the government has enshrined in law that it will aim to reduce carbon emissions. the british governments are one of the few but this is not sufficient. all the other countries at signed up to the other countries at signed up to the paris climate change agreement, by 2100 temperatures would have

risen over three degrees and which would cause an un—sustained and threatened huge amounts of equal ecological leather now. we are worried even if the government make these commitments we want them to beat those commitments. what are you most worried about?|j beat those commitments. what are you most worried about? i must wait about a future in general, but specifically, transport and things like that leading to what the ipcc how our reporting, the global temperatures tipping over to an irreversible tipping point in 12 years. the most worried about being able to do something drastic now to stop that in the future. as missing school the best way to achieve this? absolutely. you wouldn't get a teacher to strike on a saturday so students are not going to strike on a saturday either. we think it's important that we are here protesting our futures, because at the moment, there is no point in an education if the government refuses to listen to the educated and keep their promises. white your family is not concerned about you missing your education? no. my family are supportive. i got my little brother

here as well we are more passionate about changing our futures and ensuring our futures are safe and then four generations coming forward. that's why our family are in support of it. thank you both for your time. donald trump threatens to invoke emergency powers to pay for his border wall with mexico pupils walk out of their classrooms to demand more action on climate change. award—winning author, andrea levy, whose works chronicled the windrush generation, has died aged 62. here‘s your business headlines on afternoon live. royal bank of scotland has more than doubled its profits from 2017 to 2018. last year it made £1.62 billion. however, the future is not quite so bright — its boss ross mcewan has warned the uk economy faced a heightened level of uncertainty over

the brexit negotiations. british shoppers cast aside that uncertainty though in january and took to the shops. retail sales figures jumped during the month according to the office for national statistics. the amount of goods sold rose by 1%, afterfalling by 0.7% in december. discounts in clothing helping to boost sales. no movement in beijing. a top us trade negotiator has told chinese president xi jinping that "very difficult issues" remained after two days of us—china trade talks wrapped up in the capital. the world‘s two biggest economies are in last minute talks to prevent an escalation of their trade war next month. what‘s happening with mr trump and his wall? he has declared a state of emergency. but, he has done it

because you remember the stand—off they had between congress and trump, because he wanted 5.5 billion as pa rt because he wanted 5.5 billion as part of a spending package. they agreed most of the spending package, congress agreed, but they wouldn‘t go with 5.5 billion, which is why we had the government shutdown, because until that last five in dilemma 5.5 billion it couldn‘t go through but congress won that, democrats won that and now trump has said you‘ve got your spending, you haven‘t given me the money so i‘m going to declare a national emergency. we can find out a bit more about that means by going over to new york. just tell us what is a state of emergency? by this clarity might declaring a state of national emergency the president can take funds from other departments and put it towards what he feels is in fact this emergency.

so, he can get the funds for one of the places that has been suggested, the places that has been suggested, the army and they have a fund that has to do with construction so he may take a few billion dollars from that fund and put it towards this border wall. that being said, democrats say there really sites some republicans say this really does such a bad precedent, because who is to stop a democrat president from declaring things like health ca re from declaring things like health care is a national emergency or declaring gun control as a national emergency, so it could create quite a worrying situation if the president does go in and go through with it. democrats have said they are going to mount a legal challenge against this. two questions, the first one is can congress do anything to stop this and someone else in the studio that with you isn‘t there? else in the studio that with you isn't there? yes, unfortunately i've had a few childcare issues today. my

daughter has pink eye so she is under the table right now. to your first question, absolutely. there is going to be some pressure for the president not to do this. of course, democrats are going to mount a legal challenge to this and they are also going to try and fight it within the realms of lawmaking. of course, it‘s also going to split republicans, because there are some that don‘t think this is a very good idea and they are worried about that precedent—setting possibility, so it is really a test of loyalty for trump with regards to republicans but republicans of cause are very wary. 0k. but republicans of cause are very wary. ok. you better get back onto that table. all right. thank you very much. that is dedication. just as say, we

are going to be taking that speech from president trump at around three o‘clock and what time from the rose garden in the white house. markets. the royal bank of scotland doubled its profits and they are worried about what is coming up in the year ahead. it sounds not bad, it sounds pretty good but before the financial crisis, they are up about £50. you are going to have to hold on quite a long time before they get back there. the pound against the dollar is fairly stable by the other markets are up but they fell quite sharply yesterday. the author andrea levy — whose work includes the award—winning novel small island — has died of cancer at the age of 62. her writing chronicled the lives of the windrush generation and encapsulated for many what it meant to be black and british after the second world war. our arts correspondent david sillito looks back at her life. newsreel: arrivals of children.

the empire windrush brings to britain 500 jamaicans, many are ex—serivcemen who know england. in 1948, andrea levy‘s father arrived on the empire windrush. it was the inspiration for her novel that charted with wit and compassion the hopes and struggles of a generation. small island. you think your white skin make you better than me, don‘t you. we both finish fighting a warfor a better world. we was on the same side. when it first came out, you know, i sort of said to the publicist, look, you know, give me a basket, i'll take them door—to—door. you know, i mean, i really thought nobody was going to be interested. in 2005 it won whitbread book of the year. small island. andrea levy grew up in london and in her 30s began to write. much of her work driven by her own curiosity about where she had come from. a story that eventually took her back to britain‘s role in the caribbean slave trade.

for every one slave that went to america, 12 went to the caribbean. it was massive. i have seen books on british history that don‘t mention slavery, you know. and you just sort of — it beggars belief. me here. the character she create was a house slave, who bears a child to an estate master. and then, later, she found that that was the story of her own great—great—grandmother. andrea levy‘s life and work was rooted in the story of two small intertwined islands. britain and jamaica. let them say what they like. because i am the bustard child of empire. and i will have my day. the author andrea levy who‘s died aged 62.

now could this be the fastest child in the world? a seven—year—old boy is aiming to one day smash usain bolt‘s 9 point 58 seconds 100 metre world record. rudolph ingram from florida, known as blaze, shocked onlookers when he tookjust 13 point 48 seconds to complete a 100 metre sprint. time for a look at the weather. here‘s tomasz. what a beautiful day out there right now, blue skies for some of us, very mild also and it looks as though we are going to give the mild weather for quite some time. a stunning day just like spring today even though technically we are still very much in the winter. a fine weather spreading all the way from portugal and spain through france, the alps, germany and into southern parts of scandinavia. to the north—west around scotland, and northern

ireland. we are closer to weather fronts, a bit more cloud but because england and wales we can see central europe, that high pressure is in charge of the weather. the yellow colours here and even a hint of some peaches and oranges there, that‘s how warm it‘s going to be. 15 degrees in london, 12 degrees in edinburgh, a little bit fresher in stornoway where we are closer to weather fronts trying to get in but they can‘t because of that high pressure. south—westerly winds, that is why it‘s so mild, coming in. some cloud flirting with some of these western coasts, also some rain and north—western parts of scotland. perhaps misty and mackie are coastal areas but the father east you are tonight, the clearer it will be. saturday‘s weather forecast, a weather front sinks saturday‘s weather forecast, a weatherfront sinks in, but it saturday‘s weather forecast, a weather front sinks in, but it only brings ina weather front sinks in, but it only brings in a little bit of cloud. most of the weather fronts are away towards the west of our neighbourhood and we can see that south—westerly went ahead of the weather fronts is actually, they are also helping to push the amount and

in our direction. so the weekend, summary, mild, a little breezy across the north—western areas, for most of us it is going to be dry. any of that rain will stay towards the west and the north—west of the country. these weather fronts here are trying to put in, they are trying to move east to west but they can‘t because they are blocked, they are bound by that high pressure setting across europe. they want to do that sort of thing, swinging towards the north—west and that means a bit more cloud and a chance of some spots of drizzle closer to the coast, but the further east you are the better of the weather will be. here is under‘s weather forecast. as well as the arrows, south—westerly wind, clipping wales, may be the irish sea but most of that rain will head into the western isles. hull, norwich, london staying dry on sunday and very, very mild indeed. 15 celsius. not bad at all. hello, you‘re watching afternoon live — i‘m martine croxall.

today at three: donald trump is set to invoke emergency powers to pay for his pledged border wall. the us president is expected to make a statement at the white house in the next hour. we‘ll also have a special report from our correspondent on the border between california and mexico. after spending time here, it would be easy to question the president‘s rhetoric, his talk of a crisis and the threat these people pose, how simple he makes a wall sound as a solution, but it is clear there is a complex game of cat and mouse being played here. schools out! thousands of pupils strike in protest over climate change. award—winning author, andrea levy, whose works chronicled the windrush generation, has died aged 62. coming up on afternoon live, all the sport with hugh ferris with a look ahead to big weekend of fa cup action. 82 places between them.

newport county and manchester city — what the fa cup is all about. they meet in fifth round tomorrow. newport‘s boss sez a win for them would be the biggest shock in the competition‘s history. more later. thanks hugh, and we‘ll bejoining you for a full update just after half—past. tomasz has all the weather. yellow like the weather is absolutely beautiful, and the indication is that there is no end in sight to this mild weather. it could stay just as in sight to this mild weather. it could stayjust as mild right through next weekend. also coming up — cleaning up space junk... the scientists harpooning the litter orbiting earth. hello. this is afternoon live — i‘m martine croxall. president trump is set to invoke

emergency powers to pay for his border wall with mexico. it‘s a rare and controversial move — and it would bypass congress, which has so far refused to approve the money he needs for the wall — one of his key campaign promises. senior democrats have accused mr trump of a ‘gross abuse of power‘ and a ‘lawless act‘ — and some of his own republican party are also uneasy. from washington, chris buckler reports we‘re going to have our borders nice and strong, we‘re going to build the wall... going to build a wall... we have to build a wall, folks. the long border that divides the us and mexico is at the centre of america‘s own political divide. building a huge barrier here has become more than a priority for president trump, it‘s become a point of principle. yet after all his threats that he wouldn‘t accept any funding bill that didn‘t include more than $5 billion for his long—promised wall, he‘s had to accept a congressional compromise. the ayes are 300, the nays are 128.

after all the talk, the legislation passed with little controversy or opposition. republicans were clearly relieved to avoid another government shutdown, but they know this fight isn‘t over. i‘ve just had an opportunity to speak with president trump and he, i would say to all my colleagues, has indicated that he‘s prepared to sign the bill. he will also be issuing a national emergency declaration at the same time. today, we started a big, beautiful wall right on the rio grande... cheering. this week, president trump held a rally beside the border in texas, where he again made a pledge to supporters that he would build the wall. declaring a national emergency could allow him to use money from other funds, but his plan is likely to face challenges in court. did i say i was filing a legal challenge? you said democrats... i may, that‘s an option,

and we‘ll review our options. but it‘s important to note that when the president declares this emergency, first of all, it‘s not an emergency. . . what do we want...?! the trump administration‘s immigration policies have led to many protests, and many americans will be looking to see where the president tries to find the billions of dollars he needs. it‘s thought he‘s looking at military budgets and perhaps even disaster relief funds. mr trump once promised mexico would pay for the wall. then he turned to congress. now, he‘s relying on his own presidential powers. but in building physical barriers, he knows he faces political ones. chris buckler, bbc news, washington. so, what is the reality of what‘s happening on the us border at the moment? well, in recent months, fences have been strengthened, but more people are still trying to cross illegally every week. there are some flashing images in this report from our correspondent dan johnson, who‘s on the border between mexico and california near san diego. after 2500 miles, these are the final few steps. this is journey‘s end.

whoa, whoa, whoa! where the fence runs out, this mother and her daughter fall into the arms of us border patrol. my little girl is hungry, she says, and i don‘t have any money. and there are over 1000 more who cross illegally everyday. they speak spanish. a crisis, the president says, that stretches from the hills all the way to the sea. it‘s not climbing over a fence or digging under a fence or taking a dangerous smuggling boat up the coast, it‘s presenting yourself at a port of entry, that‘s a secure border. they say more fence frees up more agents to deal with the queues at crossings. only limited numbers are currently allowed through to claim asylum. there‘s already a fence of one kind or another along a third of the 2000—mile border. 18ft, steel slatted,

concrete filled barrier, with anticlimb plates on top. here, it‘s already being upgraded and it‘s making a difference. this barrier takes significantly more time to penetrate, to cut through. it takes ten, 20, up to 30 minutes, depending on the type of blade that you‘re using. this border barrier can be compromised in about a minute and 20 seconds. before this barrier went into place, this happened every single night. every single night this fence was cut or breached or compromised. so, the chief here shares the president‘s ambition to extend this fence across these hills. we have to have a barrier or we will never win that time distance game. the smugglers are using those people that are trying to claim asylum as a distraction to overload my resources so they can run drugs in other areas. that‘s a huge threat, and there‘s a humanitarian crisis and there‘s a national security crisis and they‘re butting up against each other. but the numbers are way down, aren‘t they? you look back ten, 20, 30 years,

the problem you‘re dealing with today is nothing like it was? i wouldn‘t say it‘s nothing like it was, i would say that it‘s changed but that again is the equivalent of saying, if your house is only getting robbed one day out of the week instead of all seven, that you‘re done. we‘re not done. of all the forces at work here, inequality‘s push and pull is the most stubborn. these families will keep coming as long as they see greater security and prosperity. i‘m escaping guatemala, she says, because there are many robberies, children are kidnapped, there‘s lots of crime and the police do nothing. it could take years to determine their future because the system is so backlogged. after spending time here, it would be easy to question the president‘s rhetoric, his talk of a crisis and the threat these people pose, how simple he makes a wall stand sound as a solution. but it‘s clear there is a complex game of cat

and mouse being played here, and the border patrol agents say it is unsustainable. for them and for the people trying to cross. manpower, horsepower, all of it is stretched. this deal ends government gridlock for now but securing this dividing line has become the defining issue of donald trump‘s presidency. and even with emergency funding, this fence won‘t go as far as he‘d like. danjohnson, bbc news, san diego. we are expecting donald trump to appear within the next hour or so. he‘s running a bit low. we thought it would be around 3pm in the rose garden at the white house. we expect him to sign that spending legislation to avert another government shutdown and to declare that national emergency in order to secure the billions of dollars he needs to build that border wall without needing congressional approval. thousands of children across the uk

are on strike from school today, joining worldwide protests against climate change. they‘ve denounced the government for what they call an alarming lack of leadership. downing street has criticised the children‘s action, saying the disruption ‘increases teachers‘ workloads and wastes lesson time.‘jon donnison reports. from london... to brighton... cardiff... to stroud. school—children went on strike over climate change in more than 60 towns and cities across the country. all of them young. if we don‘t change it who will? we are missing like our education, so that shows we are willing to give up our education to save the planet. some of them very young. we need to save our planet because there isn't another one to go and settle on, it isjust planet earth and there is only one. it all started with a swedish schoolgirl. 16—year—old greta thunberg often single—handed protests each friday

have spread into a global movement. this was in australia, in november, where an estimated 15,000 children took to the streets. and this was berlin, just last month. greta thunberg is now addressing un climate conferences, and has a message for the grown ups. you are not mature enough to tell it like it is. even that burden you leave to us children. and on the bbc this morning, one young protestor here was putting the government on the spot. what action will you be taking to reassure our generation about climate change? george, it is great to see you. if i was 40 years younger i would be out with you today, even though i don't want to create any extra workload for teachers. what we want is people who are passionate to be learning the skills we need to solve this problem. you will probably learn them

best in the classroom. and the prime minister‘s spokesperson said the disruption was wasting lesson time, and increasing teachers‘ workload. but in a tweet, the labour leader jeremy corbyn called the strike "inspiring". and the green party mp caroline lucas said young people were offering more leadership than most politicians. but what about teachers? they are going to in many ways feel a sense of sympathy, proud of their passion, but what we are responsible for is the welfare of young people. but for the young people on the streets today, it is the welfare of the planet that matters, and organisers of these strikes want them to become a weekly event. john donnison, bbc news. thousands of schoolchildren across the uk have walked out of classes today —

to demonstrate against climate change. downing street has criticised the action, which it says will cause disruption to their learning. our reporter athar ahmad joined me earlier from a protest outside the houses of parliament. as you can see, hundreds of pupils have skipped school to be here today at this strike in parliament square to try and raise awareness around the issue of climate change, and these scenes are being mirrored across more than 60 towns and cities across the uk today, where students have deliberately taken the day off school in order to be here. i‘m joined by two brothers, dougal and lucas. they have taken the day off. tell me, why are you at the strike? we are here because we think the government isn‘t doing anything. they are not listening to us, and we need to speak out and make sure they are. what do you think your teacher would make of you skipping school to be here today? my teacher was supportive,

and the head teacher allowed us to go out, actually, so i think my school is quite supportive of it. that‘s quite surprising, isn‘t it, lucas, that some teachers might be supporting this? does it surprise you? teachers are also people, and they know that this is important and it really matters about the future, because it's the future of the world that this is about. it's more important than a day off school. do you think you will come back here again to strike in the future, skip school again maybe? yeah, definitely. this strike is expected to continue for much of the day, and as dougal and lucas said, many people like them are perhaps thinking about skipping school to raise awareness of the issues around climate change. the prisons minister says there are early signs that violence

in ten of england‘s worst prisons is reducing. last august, rory stewart said he‘d resign if there weren‘t improvements within a year. but mr stewart has also warned some prisons continue to cause serious concern. inmates at nottingham for example are suspected to have smoked the pages of a book that had been sprayed with drugs and smuggled inside. our home affairs correspondent, danny shaw, has had special access to the jail. ok, guys, we‘re going to do a routine cell search this afternoon. the value of experience. these senior prison officers have been brought in to hmp nottingham to guide newer members of staff. more than half of those working here have less than two years‘ service. they need help to carry out basic duties, like searching cells for drugs and weapons. pay attention to slits like that. you can't prepare for a job like this, the noise, the smell. when you come into contact with somebody that is threatening to take their own life or attempting to take their own life,

that's probably the scariest, most daunting situation i've found myself in, and to have that experience there, to reassure me and the prisoner was really beneficial. nottingham is a prison emerging from a crisis. a year ago, inspectors declared it to be fundamentally unsafe and ordered urgent improvements. but they‘re taking time. and one reason for that is because drugs are still being smuggled in. this harry potter book, found in a prisoner‘s cell, had been sprayed with a psychoactive substance similar to the synthetic cannabis spice. about 400 pages are missing. it is thought they‘ve been cut into strips and smoked. new scanning equipment will help detect drugs — they‘re a major cause of instability and violence. the prison is fundamentally still unsafe, and that remains a challenge for us. every day there‘s an assault on my colleagues, and on other prisoners. that is regretful. but it is getting safer, but it‘s coming from such a low

threshold that it will take time to get to a place where i and everybody can feel safe wherever we go. nottingham is one of ten prisons that are getting investment and support to cut violence. most are becoming more stable, according to the minister who‘s pledged to resign if the number of assaults doesn‘t come down by this summer. i wouldn‘t have committed to going to those ten prisons and committed to reducing violence and drugs, and i wouldn‘t have put myjob on the line unless i was confident we can do it, but it is worth putting in context that in those ten prisons violence has been rising steadily, month on month for five years, so turning that around and bringing it down is going to be a challenge. that‘s certainly the case here, despite the commitment and dedication of the staff. danny shaw, bbc news, at nottingham prison. the prime minister will return to brussels next week to continue pursuing changes to the brexit withdrawal deal despite another heavy defeat in the commons last night. a fifth of conservative mps failed to support the government‘s strategy,

with brexiteers fearful if that a no—deal departure was being taken off the table. the commons leader, andrea ledsom, claims last night‘s defeat was ‘more a hiccup, than a disaster‘. our political correspondent iain watson reports. the prime minister is returning to brussels next week, as the day we‘re due to leave the eu draws closer. despite least night‘s defeat, downing street‘s insisting that nothing has changed. she is still trying to get a revised deal, preferably by the end of the month. even though 60 of her mps didn‘t support her, her ministers have been insisting she hasn‘t been weakened. colleagues felt in supporting the motion, it might imply they agreed with taking no—deal off the table and they weren‘t prepared to do that for understandable reasons. has this strengthened her hand in brussels? no, it hasn‘t strengthened it. the main reason for the defeat was a communications break down with jacob rees—mogg and his european research group. they say they were signalling

to the prime minister she had to keep up the pressure on brussels. i am confident we standing up for what a majority of people voted for, that last night's vote was a storm in a tea cup and we, as the european research group, have brought forward constructive solutions. what he also brought forward was a backlash against his fellow brexiteers in the european research group. one minister even went so far as to call them traitors and suggested they should go and join nigel farage in his new brexit party, and there has been strong suggestions that some ministers who voted to remain in the referendum could try to push back against the brexiteers by threatening to resign. if theresa may doesn‘t come back with a deal by the end of the month, some of her ministers say they could support moves to delay our departure from the european union. if they feel she is not taking steps, they will have to resign. how many of the cabinet could go? i am hesitant to speak on behalf of colleagues, but i think we are talking

of up to half a dozen. would amber rudd, who voted to remain, be prepared to give up her ownjob? i plan to help the prime minister to get the withdrawal agreement through and work with all my colleagues to do that. today the brexit secretary was meeting eu ambassadors who hope to recommend a revised deal soon to avoid further division. ian watson, bbc news. you‘re watching afternoon live, these are our headlines: donald trump threatens to invoke emergency powers to pay for his pledged border wall. pupils walk out of their classrooms to demand more action on climate change. award—winning author, andrea levy, whose works chronicled the windrush generation, has died aged 62. and in sport: they‘ve already taken some serious scalps so far in this year‘s fa cup. but newport county‘s boss sez they‘ll create the biggest shock in the competition‘s history if they beat manchester city in the fifth round tomorrow. the chances of leigh halfpenny making his

long—awaited return for wales in the six nations match against england look slim after he was ruled out of playing club rugby this weekend. ferrari have unveiled the car they hope will win them the formula one title for the first time in 10 years. they say it‘s not a revolution but a development of last year‘s model. i‘ll be back with more on those stories. the royal bank of scotland, which is partly owned by the government, has announced its profits have more than doubled in the past year to £1.62 billion. but the chief executive has warned that the high level of uncertainty over brexit could have a bigger impact on the uk economy than the bank of england predicted and says the bank has taken steps to protect its customers. it has been an expensive exercise, very distracting, but we are ready for customers. we have put out a growth fund for those businesses that are concerned they may have to prebuy a number of raw materials for their production, we have put aside three billion

for a growth fund to help them with their supply chain. retail sales increased by 1% last month compared with december. the office for national statistics says clothing discounts appear to have encouraged shoppers to make purchases. the bounce back from the decline in retail sales seen at the end of last year was stronger than most analysts expected. black holes and neutron stars — they‘re some of the great mysteries of space. now the british and us governments are spending more than £20 million pounds upgrading the machine that first made history by detecting gravitational waves three years ago. those waves are ripples in space caused by objects moving at very high speed. well, the new plans have been announced in washington, from where our science correspondent pallab ghosh has sent this report. it is one of biggest discoveries in the history of science. the detection of the gravitational waves, caused by two black holes colliding in a distant galaxy.

we have detected gravitational waves. we did it. that was three years ago. now, the pair of four kilometre long instruments in the us that made the discoveries are to be given an upgrade. they are already the most sensitive instruments in the world. inside are lasers and mirrors that measure the tiny shifts caused by these mysterious waves from outer space. gravitational waves are ripples that are sent across the universe when the gravity at a certain point in space suddenly changes. triggered by huge events, like distant stars exploding. over the past three years the instruments have detected the collision of ten black holes. with the upgrade, scientists will be able to detect many more, maybe three each day.

harder to detect are the collision of giant suns that have collapsed, called neutron stars. just one spotted so far. the new machine will be able to detect 13 each month. and astronomers should be able to see much deeper into the universe, further back in time, even to when it all began, with the big bang. the upgrade will be carried out here, at the institute for gravitational research at glasgow university. they have the expertise to build a high precision instrument needed to measure the tiny distortions the waves create. ultra thin glass fibres are being drawn. these will be used to suspend these mirrors. they have to be kept absolutely motionless and be the stillest objects on the planet. we measure the motion of these mirrors, it is almost none at all, but the tiny motion, we measure that and we have to extract that information without losing anything, and that means improving the efficiency of the optics,

avoiding any light, going where we don‘t want it to go and a fairly complicated set of little improvements that all together again will roughly double the performance of the detector. the new upgrades will come online in five years‘ time. a development that scientists say will enable them to answer some of the universe‘s biggest mysteries. pallab ghosh, bbc news, washington. the author andrea levy — whose work includes the award—winning novel small island — has died of cancer at the age of 62. her writing chronicled the lives of the windrush generation and encapsulated for many what it meant to be black and british after the second world war. our arts correspondent david sillito looks back at her life. newsreel: arrivals of children. the empire windrush brings to britain 500 jamaicans, many are ex—serivcemen who know england.

in 1948, andrea levy‘s father arrived on the empire windrush. it was the inspiration for her novel that charted with wit and compassion the hopes and struggles of a generation. small island. you think your white skin make you better than me, don‘t you. we both finish fighting a warfor a better world. we was on the same side. when it first came out, you know, i sort of said to the publicist, look, you know, give me a basket, i'll take them door—to—door. you know, i mean, i really thought nobody was going to be interested. in 2005 it won whitbread book of the year. small island. andrea levy grew up in london and in her 30s began to write. much of her work driven by her own curiosity about where she had come from. a story that eventually took her back to britain‘s role in the caribbean slave trade. for every one slave that went to america, 12 went to the caribbean.

it was massive. i have seen books on british history that don‘t mention slavery, you know. and you just sort of — it beggars belief. me here. the character she create was a house slave, who bears a child to an estate master. and then, later, she found that that was the story of her own great—great—grandmother. andrea levy‘s life and work was rooted in the story of two small intertwined islands. britain and jamaica. let them say what they like. because i am the bustard child of empire. and i will have my day. the author andrea levy, who‘s died aged 62.

we are waiting to hear from donald trump at the rose garden at the white house in washington, due to hold a press conference where we expect him to talk about invoking emergency powers which will ensure that he can secure that money that he needs, the billions of dollars that he wants, to build that wall that he wants, to build that wall that would run between them united states and mexico. it is one of the promises he made when running for election. he has run into trouble and hasn‘t been able to get this through congress, so this move to declare a national emergency would mean that he could get around the need for congressional approval. we are also expecting him to sign spending legislation which would mean that he could avert another government shutdown. we know we saw

one that ran for about seven weeks of shutdown of federal services, which meant that 800,000 workers we re which meant that 800,000 workers were not getting paid. we are waiting to hear him speak. we should have seen him about half an hour ago, but clearly running a bit late. we will be back there when he appears. time for a look at the weather. spring is in the air everywhere i look on the weather map. technically speaking we are still very much in winter, but this afternoon will be very mild, temperatures hitting the mid teens in some spots across the uk. it's mid teens in some spots across the uk. it‘s not just mid teens in some spots across the uk. it‘s notjust us enjoying the fine weather but much of central and western europe. the weather is being deflected to the north—west of us, but just about making deflected to the north—west of us, butjust about making it into western parts of scotland and northern ireland. a little more clout here than in the rest of the uk. temperatures are 13—15dc. some

rain will sweep through tonight in north—western parts of scotland, and the weather will be mildest in glasgow and belfast, around 10 celsius. parts of east anglia will be colder. the weekend will be mild overall with a lot of dry weather. enjoy. a this is bbc news — our latest headlines. donald trump is set to invoke emergency powers to pay for his pledged border wall. we‘ll have a special report from our correspondent on the border between california and mexico. pupils walk out of their classrooms to demand more action on climate change. prisons continue to cause concern as books sprayed with drugs are smuggled into one of britain‘s most troubled jails. award—winning author, andrea levy, whose works chronicled the windrush generation, has died aged 62. sport now on afternoon

live with hugh ferris. the fa cup fifth round has throw up the possibility of a real giant killing? sometimes the form is absurd, but if it were to happen on saturday, they won that pits two teams who were 82 places apart, according to the manager of one of them, it will be the biggest shock in the competition? history. newport county of league 2 against manchester city. actually, if you think about manchester city‘s recent record against lower league opposition. last month 9—0 7—0... beat chelsea 6—0 last weekend — so michael flynn sez beating the pl if that shock is to happen, he says

it will beat every single other wan that has happened before in the fa cup. they have been quite a few of note. newport have done pretty good to get this far. they beat middlesbrough and leicester that make you are playing against the premier league champions, the team with the record amount of points from last season and the best manager in the world right now. he's a class act. not everybody... with man city have one or two or three or four of them may have an off day. it's four of them may have an off day. it‘s going to be difficult and it‘s something we are prepared for. —pep guardiola expecting to suffer — the pitch might not be what they‘re used to — lost this stage last year to wigan — that was a big shock. you can follow

the fa cup fifth round all the way until monday night. tonight starts with qpr against watford, you can follow that on radio five live. still looking ahead to the team news. yes, they have a weekend this time round after a couple of weekends of incredible action, but one of the place that has not been involved... the chances of leigh halfpenny making his long—awaited return for wales in the six nations match against england look slim after he was ruled out of playing club rugby this weekend. the full back has been out since november with concussion issues... asa as a result of this challenge. and although he‘s returned to training and was selected in wales‘ initial squad for the match in cardiff next saturday... he was released back to the scarlets. but the wru say he wasn‘t considered for their pro14 game against benetton...

and so he‘ll carry on training instead. wales and england have both won their first two six nations matches. the south african government has accused the iaaf of a gross violation of caster semenya‘s human rights... and said that their proposed rule to restrict testosterone levels in female athletes is ‘targeting‘ the two time olympic champion. semenya is challenging the rule at the court of arbitration for sport next week. the iaaf wants to reduce levels of the hormone through medication... or compete against men... and it would apply to women who compete in the 400 metres up to the mile. the south african sports minister has asked the whole country to support semenya in her fight. the body of football player emiliano sala has been returned to argentina. the striker‘s body arrived in buenos aires from london... the funeral cortege will make its way to progreso where a vigil is scheduled to take place at a gymnasium near to where

sala played youth football. cardiff city manager neil warnock and chief executive ken choo are among those who will attend sala‘s funeral on saturday. ferrari have unveiled the car they hope will win them the formula one title for the first time in 10 years. they say it‘s not a revolution... but a development of last year‘s model, which came close to matching the mercedes but fell short after a series of errors by sebastian vettel. .. and the team. vettel is joined by charles leclerc this year... after his impressive debut season for sauber. that‘s all the sport for now. let‘s return now... demonstrations have been held in sixty towns and cities. let‘s take a look at some — starting in ullapool we need to fight for change and get

the people in power to make changes. so keep going. lots of students have gathered in liverpool‘s city centre. this is st george‘s hall about 100 school pupils here from roughly 20 schools came to protest about climate change. among them these pupils. why are you here today? we are worried about the lack of government action for the that climate change is about to cause. within the government is not doing enough to combat the harmful effects of what is going to be the greatest ecological disaster in human to stop subsidies, and yet the

british government is one of the few that has enshrined in law that it willaim to that has enshrined in law that it will aim to reduce carbon emissions. the british government is one of the few but these are not sufficient commitments. if the uk and other countries that signed up to the paris climate change agreements meet those commitments, by 2100, there would be and understand threatened to huge amount of ecological life in us. to huge amount of ecological life in us. we are worried even if the government can meet its commitments. what are you worried about? i'm worried about our future in general, but modes of transport, and stern things like that leading to what the ipcc are reporting the global temperatures tipping over to an irreversible tipping point in 12 years. i irreversible tipping point in 12 years. lam most

irreversible tipping point in 12 years. i am most worried about doing something drastic now to stop that in the future. these listings is missing school the best way to achieve this? absolutely. teachers don't strike on saturday, so as students we are not striking on the weekend. it is important that we are here protesting our futures, because at the moment, there is no point in an education of the government refuses to listen to the educated and keep up their promises. are your family not concerned ? and keep up their promises. are your family not concerned? my family are supportive. i got my little brother here as well. we are more passionate about changing our futures and ensuring our futures, and then for generations coming forward. that is where our family support it. thank you. the indian prime minister, narendra modi, has promised a strong response after a suicide bomber killed more than 40 soldiers in the disputed terrority of kashmir. the militant group, said it carried out the attack on an indian military convoy.

india accuses pakistan of giving the group sanctuary but islamabad denies responsibility. india has warmed it will ensure the complete diplomatic isolation of pakistan. sangita myska reports from new delhi. mangled wreckage on a debris strewn highway. all that‘s left in the aftermath of a massive attack launched by islamist militants in which a suicide bomber drove a car packed with explosives into a bus carrying over 40 paramilitary personnel in indian administered kashmir. no one on board survived and with dozens more being treated in hospital for their injuries, officials have warned that number is likely to rise. this morning, india‘s prime minister warned that the attackers would not go unpunished. a befitting reply will be given to the perpetrators of the heinous attack and their patrons. no force will succeed in disturbing peace, progress and stability of india. a local man is believed to be

the man for the attack according to indian authorities. the islamist militant group say they planned it. the organisation based in pakistan has been active in indian administered kashmir for nearly 20 years, fighting for the state‘s independence. let‘s go straight to the white house where president trump hasjust appeared in the rose garden. before we begin! appeared in the rose garden. before we begin i would like to say we have a large team of very talented people in china. we have had a negotiation going on for about two days. it‘s going on for about two days. it‘s going extremely well. who knows what that means? it only matters if we get it done, but we are very much working very closely with china and

president i respect him a lot. we area president i respect him a lot. we are a lot closer than we ever were in this country with having a real trade show. we are covering all of the points that people have been talking about for years that said couldn‘t be done whether it was anything. the unfairness. we have been losing on average $375 billion a year with china. a lot of people think its 506 billion. some people think its 506 billion. some people think it‘s much more than that. we will be levelling the playing field. the tariffs are hurting china. it would be my honour to remove them but otherwise we are having many billions of dollars pouring into our treasury. we‘ve never had that before we china, has been very much a one—way street, so that is happening. the relationship with china is very good. but i think they

finally respect our country. they haven‘t respected us for a long time. not for a long time. the uk and us as you have been seeing and hearing, we agreeing to go forward and preserve our trade agreement. the situation with respect to brexit and the complexity and the problems, but we have a very good trading relationship with the uk and that‘s just been strengthened further. we are continuing our trade with the uk and increasing act very substantially as time goes by, we expect the uk will be very, very substantially increased as it relates to trade with the united states, the relationship there is also very good. we have a lot of great announcements having to do with syria and our success with the

eradication of the caliphate and that will be announced over the next 24 hours. many other things, a lot of positive things are going on, we are working on a summit. you know all about the summit, it will be in vietnam, hanoi and we will meeting, a lot of you will be going, i suspect. i hope we have the same good luck as we hide in the first is a must. a lot was done in the first summit. no more rockets going up, no warwick missiles going up, no more testing of nuclear, the remains of our great heroes from the korean war. we got back our hostages, but we hope we are going to be very much equally unsuccessful. i am in no rush for speed. wejust equally unsuccessful. i am in no rush for speed. we just don‘t want testing. the sanctions remain.

everything is remaining. china has been helping us and russia has been helping us and south korea, i think you can say has been with them been working closely with south korea and japan. but china, russia on the border have really been at least partially living up to what they are supposed to be doing and that is ok. as per the united nations. so, we will have a meeting on the 27th and 28th of february and i think that will be a very successful and i will look forward to seeing chairman came. we have established a good relationship which has never happened between him and his family in the united states. they have really ta ke n in the united states. they have really ta ken advantage in the united states. they have really taken advantage of the united states, billions of dollars have been paid to them and the world let that happen, but we think north korea and chairman kim have a force

of economic power, their location between south korea and russia and china, right smack in the middle is phenomenal. and we think they have a great chance for tremendous economic prosperity in the future. i look forward to seeing chairman kim in vietnam. today, iam forward to seeing chairman kim in vietnam. today, i am announcing several critical actions that my administration is taking into confront a problem that we have right here at home. we fight wars that are 6000 miles away. was we should have never been in many cases. we don‘t control our own border. so, we are going to confront the national security crisis our southern border and we are going to do it one—way or the other, we have to do it. not because there was a campaign promise, which it is. it was one of many by the way, not my only once. rebuilding the military,

our economy is thriving like never before, you look at other economies. they are doing terrible and we are doing phenomenal. the market is up—to—date not that there is anything, now go back in and say the market just went down. anything, now go back in and say the marketjust went down. but, the marketjust went down. but, the market is getting close to the new highs that we created. we have all the records, we have every record, but we are getting close to that point again where we will create new records, is our country is doing very well, economically, and we have done a light. one of the things i said we have to do and i want to do is border security, because we have tremendous amounts of drugs flowing into our country. much of it is coming from the southern border. when you look and when you listen to politicians, in particular, certain democrats, they say it all comes through the ports of entry. it‘s wrong. it‘s just a through the ports of entry. it‘s wrong. it‘sjust a lie... it‘s all a lie... they say walls don‘t work. walls work 100%. whether it is el

paso. i was smiling was i was in el paso. i was smiling was i was in el paso and they had a tremendous crowd. tremendous crowd. i asked the people, many of whom were from el paso but they came from all over texas. i asked them, let me ask you asa texas. i asked them, let me ask you as a crowd, when the wall went up, was it about athere. some of you. it was it about athere. some of you. it was not any better, it was 100% better. you know what they did. that is only one example. there are so many examples. in el paso, they have close to 2000 murders right on the other side of the will. and they had 23 murders. that‘s a lot of murders. but it‘s not close to 2000 murders, right on the other side of the war in mexico. so, everyone knows that walls work... and there are better exa m ples walls work... and there are better examples than el paso frankly. you just take a look almost everywhere.

take a look at israel. they are building another war. there wall is 99.9% effective they tell me... 99.9%. that is what it would be with us, too. they go to a wall and then they go around the wall they go around the wall and n. ok? they go around the wall they go around the walland n. ok? that they go around the wall they go around the wall and n. ok? that is what it is, very simple. a big majority of the big drugs, they don‘t go through ports of entry. they can‘t go through ports of entry. you can‘t take big loads, because we have some very capable people, the border patrol. law enforcement is a look in. you can‘t ta ke enforcement is a look in. you can‘t take human traffic, women and girls, you can‘t take them through ports of entry. you can‘t have them tied up in the back—seat of a car or a truck. or a van. they open the door and they look. they can‘t see three women the table in their mouths or hands tied... they go through areas where you have no wall. everybody knows that... not knows it, chuck

knows that... not knows it, chuck knows it, they all know it. it‘s all a big lie. a big con game. you don‘t have to be very smart to know. you put upa have to be very smart to know. you put up a barrier, the people come in and... that‘s it. they can‘t do anything unless they want left or right as they find an area where there is no barrier and they come into the united states, welcome. we have detained more people, our border agents are doing such incredible work. our military has been incredible. we put up barbed wire on top of certain old walls that were there. we fix the will or we loaded up with barbed wire. it‘s very successful. what our military has been fantastic. i want to thank them. it is very necessary. we have broken up two caravans that are on their way. they are in the process of breaking up. we have another one that we haven‘t been able to break up

that we haven‘t been able to break up yet. we have been working with mexico. much better than ever before, i want to thank the president. i want to thank mexico. they have their own problems. they have the largest numbers of murders they have ever had in the history. almost 40,000 misers. 40,000. i think they will. i just want to thank the president because he has been helping us with these monstrous ca rava ns been helping us with these monstrous caravans that have been coming up. we had when that was over 15,000 people. it‘s largely broken up. others have gotten through. in tijuana, a lot of people staying there, if we didn‘t have the wall or we didn‘t have the wall secured and strengthened, they would have walked right through. they would be welcome to the united states. one of the things we saved a tremendous, just a tremendous amount on would be sending the military. we don‘t need the military. we would have a wall. so, i‘m going to be signing a

national emergency and, it‘s been signed many times before. it‘s been signed many times before. it‘s been signed by other presidents for from 1977 or so, it gives the president the power. it has rarely been a problem. they signed it, nobody ca res. problem. they signed it, nobody cares. i guess they once very exciting. nobody cares. they signed it forfar exciting. nobody cares. they signed it for far less important things in some cases. in many cases. we are talking about an invasion of our country. with drugs, with human traffickers, with all types of criminals and gangs. we have some of the greatest people, that have been with me from the beginning of my campaign, almost from... we have new angel mums. one incredible woman just showed me her daughter i haven‘t seen you before. she said i am new. i said that‘s too bad. it‘s

so sad. stand upjust am new. i said that‘s too bad. it‘s so sad. stand up just for a second, show how beautiful your goal was. thank you. i have such respect for these people. angel mums, angel dad, angel families. i have great respect for these people. these are great people. they are fighting for their children that have been killed by people that were illegally in this country. and the press does not cover them. they don‘t want to, credibly... and they are not treated the way they should be. they are fighting for other people because they don‘t want what happened to their children or husband, or anybody. we have one young lady who was my husband please... stand up. your husband was just killed in maryland. incredible man. just

killed. beautiful children won‘t be seeing their father again. these are brave people. these are people that don‘t have to be here, they don‘t have to be doing this. they are doing it for other people. so ijust wa nt to doing it for other people. so ijust want to be thanking all of you here. i want to thank you. last year, 70,000 americans were killed, at least. i think the number is ridiculously low... by drugs including meth and heroin and cocaine, with the president in china when i met him in argentina at a summit before we started talking about the trade, it was a trade meeting, it went very well but before i talked about trade, i talked about something more important. i said, talked about something more important. isaid, listen. we have

tremendous amount of deadly drugs coming into our country kills tens of thousands of people far more than anybody registers and i would love you to declare it a lethal drug. and put it on your criminal list. the criminalist is much tougher than our criminalist. their criminalist, a drug dealer get a death penalty. our criminalist, a drug dealer get a thing called how about a fine? when i asked president xi, i said do you have a drug problem because mckee said no, no. is that you have 1.4 billion people, what you mean you have no drug problem? no, we don‘t have no drug problem? no, we don‘t have drug problem. death penalty. we give death penalty to people that sell drugs. and of problem. what do we do? we set up a blue ribbon

committee. lovely men and women, they sit around a table, they have lunch, they eat, they dined, as they hoist a lot of time. so we want to get smart, you can end the drug problem. you can end it a lot faster than you think, but president she has agreed to put fentanyl on his list of deadly, deadly drugs and it isa criminal list of deadly, deadly drugs and it is a criminal penalty and the penalty is death. so, that‘s frankly one of the things i‘m most excited about in our trade deal. i think maybe there is no more important point. we are going to make billions of deal dollars but this trade deal is going to be great for our country and for china. their markets down close to 40%. our markets way up. we have picked up since my election, trillions of dollars of work. trillian is. many trillions. as china has lost trillions of dollars.

i want it to be good for china and i wa nt i want it to be good for china and i want it to be good for the united states, so we will see what happens. china is coming here next week. the traders. china is coming here next week and then i will be meeting with president xi at some point after that to foot some remaining deals, we will make them directly one—on—one, ourselves. so, we are going to be signing today and registering, national emergency and... it‘sa registering, national emergency and... it‘s a great thing to do. because, we have an invasion of drugs, gangs, people and it is unacceptable. and by signing the national emergency, something signed many times by other presidents, many many times by other presidents, many many times, president obama... we may be using one of the national

emergencies that he signed having to do with cartels, criminal cartels. it's do with cartels, criminal cartels. it‘s a very good emergency he signed and we are going to be using parts of it in our deal on cartels so that would be a second national emergency but in that case is already in place. and what we really want to do is simple. it‘s not like it‘s complicated. it‘s very simple. we wa nt to complicated. it‘s very simple. we want to stop drugs from coming into our country. we want to stop criminals and gangs from coming into our country. nobody has done the job we have ever done. nobody has done thejob we have ever done. nobody has done the job we‘ve we have ever done. nobody has done thejob we‘ve done we have ever done. nobody has done the job we‘ve done on the board. and ina way, the job we‘ve done on the board. and in a way, what i did by creating such a great economy... and if the opposing party got in this economy would be down the tubes. i hear a lot of people saying, may be the previous administration... let me tell you, the previous administration it was heading south and it was going fast. we would have

been down the tubes. the regulations we re been down the tubes. the regulations were strangling our country. unnecessary regulations. by creating such a strong economy, you just look comic at your television is is going on today, adds to the rear. what happens as more people want to come. so, we have far more people trying to get into our country today than probably we have ever had before. and we have done an incrediblejob and stopping them, but it‘s a massive number of people. if we had the war, it would be very easy. we would make up for the cost of the wall just at the cost of the fact that i would be able to have fewer people. we wouldn‘t need all of this incredible talent, some of whom are setting on the first row, you wouldn‘t need all this incredible talent. we would get thousands of law enforcement people, including border patrol. you put them in different areas, you have them doing

different areas, you have them doing different things. law enforcement and border patrol. and i wanted that law enforcement and i want to thank border ice. the ict has been abused. we are going to be taken care of the ic e. we want we are going to be taking care of them. they wanted to get rid of ice. a lot of good things happen. that is the story. we want to have a safe country. i ran on a very simple slogan. make america great again... if you are going to have drugs pouring across the border, if you are going to have human traffickers pouring across the border and areas we have no protection, in areas we have don‘t have a barrier. then, very hard to make america great again. but we

have done a fantasticjob, we haven‘t been given the equipment. we haven‘t been given the equipment. we haven‘t been given the equipment. we haven‘t been given... the walls. and in the bell, they didn‘t fight most of the stuff. we have so much money we don‘t know what to do with it. i don‘t know what to do with all the money they are giving us, it‘s crazy. the only place they don‘t wa nt to crazy. the only place they don‘t want to give as much money, 1 billion hundred and $75, it‘s not so much. we are putting it so much better use. $1.3 billion ——. they didn‘t do what they could have done. it would have been great. it would have been great to have done it earlier, but we i was a little new to thejob earlier, but we i was a little new to the job and the profession. we had a little bit of a disappointment is the first year as a whole. people should have stepped up did not step up. they did not step up and they should have. it would have been

easy. not that easy. but it would have been a lot easier. but we are stepping up now. we have a chance of getting close to $8 billion, whether it is8 getting close to $8 billion, whether it is 8 billion, 2 billion, 1.5 billion, it will build a lot of wall. we are going to get it done. we are right now in construction with a wall in some of the most important areas, and we have renovated a tremendous amount of wall, making it just renovated a tremendous amount of wall, making itjust as good as new. that is where a lot of the money has been spent on renovation. we were restricted to renovating, which is 0k, restricted to renovating, which is ok, but we will run out of areas that we can renovate pretty soon. and we need new wall. i want to thank everybody for being here. in particular, the angel mums and dads for being here. thank you very much. we have great respect for you. our real country, the people that really

love our country, they love you. so ijust want love our country, they love you. so i just want you to know that. i love our country, they love you. so ijust want you to know that. i know how hard you fight, and i know how ha rd how hard you fight, and i know how hard a fight you are having. i also wa nt to hard a fight you are having. i also want to thank all of the law enforcement for thejob want to thank all of the law enforcement for the job you do. believe me, it our country loves you and they respect you greatly. and we are giving you a lot of surplus, surplus military equipment, which a lot of people didn‘t like giving previous to this administration. at hundreds of millions of dollars of surplus equipment, and as we get it, as you know, we send it down and you have much better protection. but i really appreciate you being here. so, the order is signed, and i‘ll sign the final papers as soon as i get into the oval office. and we will have a national emergency, and then we will be sued, and we will be suedin then we will be sued, and we will be sued in the united circuit, even though it shouldn‘t be there. and we

will possibly get a bad ruling, then we will get another bad ruling, and then we will end up in the supreme court, and hopefully, we‘ll get a fairshake and court, and hopefully, we‘ll get a fair shake and we‘ll win at the supreme court, just like the ban, where they sue does in the ninth circuit, in the appellant division, went to the supreme court and we one might, and it was very interesting. yesterday they were talking about the ban. it is very helpful, madam secretary, isn‘t that right cross might without it, we would have a bigger problem. we have a ban on certain countries, depending on what‘s going on in the world. somebody said, president trump, lost on the ban. he was right, i lost in the lower court. he didn‘t say that we ultimately won back in the united states supreme court. they didn‘t wa nt to states supreme court. they didn‘t want to say it, go that far. they wa nted want to say it, go that far. they wanted to say donald trump lost on

the ban. yeah, i did. then i lost a second time. then it went to the supreme court and i won. i didn‘t wa nt to ta ke supreme court and i won. i didn‘t want to take it that far, but we won on the ban and owned other things too. —— and on other things also might. we are declaring the national emergency for a virtual invasion purposes — drugs, traffickers and gangs. one of the things, just to finish, we have removed thousands of ms 13 gang monsters, thousands. they are out of this country. we take them out by the thousands. and they are monsters. ok, do you have any questions? john. you were prepared. are you saying i was prepared? with

a microphone. the other white people don't like saying that. you are prepared for questions. always. a lot of the money going towards your $8 billion is money that is being reprogrammed from the budget. how can you guarantee to military families and our men and women of the military that none of the money that would be reprogrammed to a wall will take away from other technology and renovations desperately needed in the military? so, john, we have certain funds that are being used at the discretion of generals and the military. some of them haven‘t been allocated yet, and some of the generals think that this is more important. i was speaking to a couple of them and they think this is more important than what they we re is more important than what they were going to use it for. i won‘t go into details, but what they were going to use it for didn‘t sound too important to me. plus, if you think, i‘ve gotten $700 billion for the

military in year one, and then last year, $716 billion, and we are rebuilding our military, but we have a lot, and under the previous administration, our military was badly depleted, and they weren‘t spending... they had a much smaller amount of money. when i got 700 billion and then 716 billion, and this year it‘s going to be pretty big also might because there are few things more important than our military —— it‘s going to be pretty big too. we have to build up our military because it was very badly depleted. we are buying newjet fighters, new missiles, new defensive systems and we will soon have a military like we‘ve never had before. when you think about the kind of numbers you‘re talking about, you have 700 billion, 716 billion, when i need to billion, 3

billion, when i need to billion, 3 billion out of that for a wall, which is a very important instrument, and important for the military because of the drugs that pour in. as you know, we have specific rules and regulations where they have drugs and what you can do in order to stop drugs, and that‘s pa rt in order to stop drugs, and that‘s part of it too. we are taking a lot of money from that realm also. when you have that kind of money going into the military, it is a very small amount we are asking for. go ahead. abc, not nbc. i like abc a little bit more. what do you say to those who say you are violating the constitution with this move and setting a bad precedent that could be abused by possible democratic presidents in the future? not too many people have said that, but the courts will

determine that. look, i expect to be sued. i shouldn‘t be sued. very rarely do you get sued when you do national emergency. other people say, do we use it for this? do we use it to get rid of drugs and gangs and people? we have an invasion of drugs and criminals coming into the country that we stop, but it is very ha rd to country that we stop, but it is very hard to stop. with a wall, it would be very easy. i think that we will be very easy. i think that we will be very easy. i think that we will be very successful in court. i think it‘s clear. and the people that say we create precedent, well, what do we create precedent, well, what do we have, 56? a lot of times. that is more important than having a border? you don‘t have a border, you don‘t have a country. before i got here, we fight all over the world to create borders for countries, but we don‘t create a border for our own

country, so i think what will happen is, sadly, we will be sued, and sadly it will go through a process and happily we‘ll win, i think. sadly it will go through a process and happily we‘ll win, ithink. go ahead. let‘s hear it, nbc. and happily we‘ll win, ithink. go ahead. let's hear it, nbc. in the past, when president obama tried to use executive action on immigration, you said, the whole concept of executive order, it's not the way the country's supposed to be run, you should go through congress and make a deal. will you can see that you are unable to make the deal you promised in the past and that the one you are ending up with now is less than you could have had before the 35 day shutdown?” less than you could have had before the 35 day shutdown? i went through congress, and i got almost $1.4 billion when i wasn‘t supposed to get $1. he‘s not going to get $1. i got1.4 get $1. he‘s not going to get $1. i got 1.4 billion, but i‘m not happy with it. i also got billions and billions of dollars for other things

— port of entry is, lots of things. more than we were even requesting. the primary fight was on the wall. i don‘t know what to do with it, we have so much money. but on the wall, they skimped, so i did, i was successful in that sense, but i want to do it faster. i could do the wall over a longer period of time. i didn‘t need to do this, but i‘d rather do it much faster. i have already done a lot of wall for the election. 2020. and the only reason we are up you‘re talking about this is because of the election. because they want to try and win an election which it looks like they are not going to be able to do, and this is one of the ways they think they can possibly win, by obstruction. a lot of other nonsense. and i think that ijust want of other nonsense. and i think that i just want to get it done faster, that‘s all. ok, yes, ma‘am, go ahead. i want to ask about china. do

you feel enough progress has been made in the talks to head off the increase in tariffs scheduled for march? your talking to the wrong person, because i happen to like tariffs. we are taking in billions and billions of dollars in tariffs from china, and our steel industry, dumped steel, much of it comes from china. our steel industry is now so vibrant again. from a defensive standpoint, and from many standpoints, you need steel. you can do without certain industries, but you can‘t do without steel. so, i love tariffs, but i also love them to negotiate. and right now, china‘s paying us billions of dollars a year in tariffs. and i haven‘t even started. here‘s the thing, if we

make a deal, they won‘t have to pay. it‘ll be a whole different story. they won‘t be paying that, but we‘ll have a fair deal. there won‘t be intellectual property theft, there won‘t be so many other things that have gone on, and no other president has done this. we didn‘t have a deal with china, yet the wto, one of the worst trade deals ever made, probably worse than nafta, which is ha rd to probably worse than nafta, which is hard to believe, because i believe that was a total disaster for our country. now we made the us mca, which will be a great deal. and by the way, the us mca, from mexico, united states and canada, that is where the money‘s coming from, not directly but indirectly, for the wall. and nobody wants to talk about that, because we are saving billions and billions of dollars a year. if congress approves that deal. now, they might not want to approve a deal. one of the things i‘m thinking

of doing, this has never been done before. no matter how good a deal i make with china, if they sell me beijing for $1, if they give me 50% of their land and every ship that they‘ve built over the last two yea rs, they‘ve built over the last two years, which is a lot, and they give them to me free, the democrats will say, what a lousy deal. that‘s a terrible deal. like z te, i got a $1 billion penalty. in a short period of time, and the democrat said, should have got more. when i made that deal, i said, this is incredible. i got $1 billion penalty and a of top management, but they had to pay over $1 billion. i said, what a deal. it took like a week. and the democrats didn‘t even know there was a problem. i‘m the one that settled it. over $1 billion,

and president xi called me and said, it would be important to him if they could get a deal. in a short period of time. the democrats went out and said, oh, they should have done better. so, what i‘m thinking of doing is getting chuck schumer, nancy pelosi, having them bring two or three of their brilliant representatives, and we‘ll all go down together and what we‘ll do is, we‘ll negotiate. i‘ll put them in the room and let them speak up, because any deal i make with china, it‘s going to be better than any deal than anybody ever dreamt possible. but any deal i make with china, chuck schumer will stand up and say, oh, it should have been better. it should have been better. and you know what? that‘s not a cce pta ble and you know what? that‘s not acceptable to me, so i‘m thinking about doing something very

different. i don‘t think it‘s ever been done. i don‘t want to be second—guessed, but that‘s not second—guessed, but that‘s not second guessing, that‘s politics. sadly, i‘ll probably do the same thing to them, ok? any deal i may, towards the end, i will bring chuck schumer and nancy pelosi. i will say, please join schumer and nancy pelosi. i will say, pleasejoin me on the schumer and nancy pelosi. i will say, please join me on the deal. schumer and nancy pelosi. i will say, pleasejoin me on the deal. by the way, i see our new attorney general is sitting on the front row. please stand up, bill. such an easy job he‘s got. he‘s got the easiest job he‘s got. he‘s got the easiest job in government. thank you and congratulations. that was a great vote yesterday. thank you very much. go ahead. in your remarks, you said you were too new to politics earlier in your administration when you would have preferred that this be done. is that an admission of how you might be changing on—the—job? well, i‘m learning. it‘s not like i‘ve done this... a senator came into my office and said, i‘ve been

running for office for 30 years and i‘ve won like seven out of seven. i lost a couple when i was younger. i said, i‘ve one out of one but i never did politics before. now i do politics. i am very disappointed that certain people, a particular one, for not having push this faster. are you referring to speaker ryan? let's not talk about it. what difference does it make? they should have pushed it faster and harder and they didn‘t. if they would have, it would have been a little bit better. in the meantime, i‘ve built a lot of wall. i have a lot of money and i‘ve built a lot of wall, but it would have been nice to have gotten done. i would like to see major immigration reform, and maybe that‘s something we can all work on, where we all get together and do major immigration reform, not just we all get together and do major immigration reform, notjust for a wall, a barrier, for a port of entry, for other things. we have a real problem. we have catch and

release. you catch a criminal and you have to release them. we have so many other things. you have chain migration, where a bad person comes m, migration, where a bad person comes in, brings 22 or 23 or 35 of his family members because he has his mother, his grandmother, his sister, his cousin, his uncle, they are all in. you know what happened on the west side highway, that wise guy ran over and killed eight people, and horribly injured people. no one talked about that. horrible, loss of legs and arms. going 60 miles an hour, he made a right turn into a park on the west side highway along the hudson river in new york. he had many people brought in because he was in the united states. its cold chain migration. then you have the lottery. it‘s a horror show, because when countries put people into the lottery, they are not putting you m, lottery, they are not putting you in, they are putting some very bad

people in the lottery. it‘s common sense. if i run a country and had a lottery system of people going to the us, i‘m not going to put in my stars, i‘m going to put in people i don‘t want. the lottery system is a disaster and i‘m stuck with it. it should have never happened. could you tell us to what degree some of the outside conservative voices helped to shape your views on this national emergency? sean hanratty has been a terrific, terrific supporter of what i do. not of me. ifi supporter of what i do. not of me. if i changed my views, he wouldn‘t be with me. rush limbaugh, i think he‘s a great guy. he can speak for three hours. he has one of the biggest audiences in the world. try speaking for three hours without taking calls. taking calls is easy — i'll taking calls. taking calls is easy — i‘ll take this one, that one. he goes for three hours and he‘s got an

audience that is fantastic. they don‘t decide policy. if i went opposite... they have somebody, ann coulter. i hardly know her. i haven‘t spoken to her in way over a year, but the press love saying ann coulter. probably if i did speak to her she would be very nice, but i just don‘t have the time. i have nothing against her. i like herfor one reason. when they asked her, right at the beginning, who will win the election? she said donald trump. and the two people that ask her that question smiled. they said, you‘re kidding, aren‘t you? know, donald trump. soi kidding, aren‘t you? know, donald trump. so i like her. but she‘s off the reservation, but anyone who knows her understand that. but i haven‘t spoken to her, don‘t follow her, don‘t talk to her, but the press love to bring up her name. i think she‘s fine, i think she‘s good, but ijust don‘t speak think she‘s fine, i think she‘s good, but i just don‘t speak to think she‘s fine, i think she‘s good, but ijust don‘t speak to her.

laura ingram has been good, tucker carlson has been great. i have a couple of people on cnn who have been very good. msnbc the other day did a great report saying, where the hell did that come from? i think it was the only one in over a year. the crazy thing is, ijust had, as you know, rasmussen 52% in the polls, my highest number. and people get what i‘m doing. they really get it. and i‘m doing. they really get it. and i‘m honoured by it. yes, jim. i‘m doing. they really get it. and i'm honoured by it. yes, jim.|j wonder if you could comment on this disconnect that we seem to have in this country where you are presenting information about what's happening at the border, calling it invasion, talking about women with duct tape over their mouths and so on, and yet there is a lot of reporting out there and crime data, a lot of department of homeland security data out there that shows border crossings at a near record

low. that's because of us. undocumented immigration committing crime at lower levels than native—born americans. crime at lower levels than native-born americans. you don't really believe that. do you really believe that? take a look at our federal prisons. i believe in facts and statistics. let me ask this, what do you say to critics who say you are concocting a national emergency in order to get your wall because you couldn't get it through other ways? what do you think? do you think i‘m creating something? ask these incredible women who their daughters and sons, ok? because your question is a very political question, because you have an agenda. you are cnn, you are fake news, you have an agenda. the numbers that you gave are wrong. take a look at our federal prison population, see how many of them,

percentage—wise, are illegal aliens. just see, go ahead and see. it‘s a fa ke just see, go ahead and see. it‘s a fake question. yes, go ahead. can i ask a follow—up? fake question. yes, go ahead. can i ask a follow-up? just a follow up on that, unifying crime statistics, numbers from the government show that the amount of legal immigrants is down, there is not violence on the border... there is not violence on the border? not as much. let me finish the question, please. two weeks ago, 26 people were killed by violence on the border, a mile away from where i went. i was there, i understand. that's not the question. yellow do we forget about that? i'm asking you to clarify where will you get your numbers, because most of the crime reporting statistics show that illegal immigration is down, drugs are down on violence is down, so drugs are down on violence is down, so what do you base your facts and?

let‘s go. no, no, you get one. sit down, sit down! sit down, you get one question. i get my numbers from a lot of sources, like homeland security, primarily. and the numbers that i have from homeland security area that i have from homeland security are a disaster. you know what else isa are a disaster. you know what else is a disaster? the numbers come out of homeland security for the cost that we spend on the money that we lose because of illegal immigration, billions and billions of dollars a month. billions and billions of dollars, and it‘s unnecessary. month. billions and billions of dollars, and it's unnecessary. so your own government stats are wrong? no, iuse your own government stats are wrong? no, i use many stats. could you share them with us? yours are worse than the ones i use. i use many stats, but also homeland security. just a quick follow—up... stats, but also homeland security. just a quick follow-up. .. thank you. i want to bring you back to china.

the white house put out a statement saying a ist of march deadline, and you said the other day it may be could slide. are you looking at a possible extension of 30 or 60 days? it isa possible extension of 30 or 60 days? it is a very big deal. i guess you could say it is like the biggest deal ever made. how big is trade with china? deal ever made. how big is trade with china ? the deal ever made. how big is trade with china? the us mca is right out there. but it‘s very complicated. there are many points we are bringing up that nobody brought up or thought to bring up but they are important, because we were on the wrong side of every one of them. there is a possibility that i will extend the date, and if i do, if i see that we are close to a deal, or the deal is going on the right direction, i would do that at the same tariffs we are charging now and not increase them. let me ask you about debt, a shade under 20 trillion from when you took office. it is heading in the wrong direction — what are your plans to reverse it?

it is all about growth. we will focus on that. you have to remember, president obama put more debt on this country than every president in the history of our country combined. so, when i took over, we had one man that put on more debt than every other president combined. combine them all. so, you can‘t be talking about that. but i talk about it because i consider it very important. first, i have to straighten out the military. it was depleted. if we don‘t have a strong military, then hopefully we won‘t have to use it because it‘s strong, but if you don‘t, you won‘t have to worry about debt because you have bigger problems. that‘s why i did the 700 billion and 716 billion. growth will straighten it out. you saw last month, the trade deficit went down. everybody said, what happened? went down. everybody said, what happened ? what happened went down. everybody said, what happened? what happened is growth. before i can focus too much on that, a very big expense is military, and we have no choice but to straighten

that out. is growth the only answer? yes, ma‘am, go ahead. that out. is growth the only answer? yes, ma'am, go ahead. on north korea, at the last summit, you guys came out with a pretty general agreement. i was wondering what you thought has been a —— accomplish since the last summit. the element a lot has been accomplished. we are dealing with them, talking to them. when i came into office, i met right there in the oval office with president obama, and i sat in those beautiful chairs, and we talked for what was supposed to be 15 minutes but ended up being many times longer than that. and i said, what's the biggest problem? he said, by far, north korea. i don't want to speak for him, but i believe he would have gone to war with north korea. i think he was ready to go to war. in

fa ct, think he was ready to go to war. in fact, he told me he was so close to starting a big war with north korea. and where are we now? no missiles, no rockets, no nuclear testing. we‘ve learned a lot. but much more importantly than all of it, much more important, much, much more important than that is, we have a great relationship. i have a very good relationship with kim jong—un. and i‘ve done a job. in fact, i think i can say this, the prime minister of japan gave me think i can say this, the prime minister ofjapan gave me the most beautiful copy of a letter that he sent to the people who give out a thing called the nobel prize. he said, i have nominated you respectfully on behalf of japan. i am asking them to give you the nobel peace prize. he said, thank you. many other people feel that way also might. i‘ll probably never get it, but that‘s ok. they gave it to obama

and he didn‘t know what he got it for. he was there for about 15 seconds and got the nobel prize. with me, i probably would never get it. but if you look at idlib province in syria, i stop the slaughter of perhaps 3 million people. nobody talks about it. russia and iran and syria, we are going to go in and perhaps destroy 3 million people in order to get 45,000 terrorists, and i heard about it from a woman who had her parents and brothers living there, and she said please, please, and i thought, isaid, no, said please, please, and i thought, i said, no, it can‘t happen. and said please, please, and i thought, isaid, no, it can‘t happen. and i come home and i read a certain paper where the story was there that they we re where the story was there that they were forming to go in to really do big destruction, and i put out a statement that, you better not do it. in all fairness to russia and

iran, and syria, they didn‘t attack, or they are doing it surgically at least. it saves a lot of people. we doa least. it saves a lot of people. we do a lot of good work. this administration does a tremendous job, and we don‘t get credit for it, but i think the people understand what we‘re doing. so the prime of japan gave me the most beautiful 5—page letter. nobel prize, he sent it to them. you know why? because he had rocket ships and he had missiles flying over japan, had rocket ships and he had missiles flying overjapan, and they had alarms going off. you know that. now, all of a sudden, they feel good, they feel safe. i did that. and it was a very tough dialogue at the beginning, fire and fury, total annihilation, my button is bigger than yours and my button works. remember that? and people said, trump is crazy. and you know what it ended up being? a very good

relationship. i like him a lot and he likes me a lot. nobody else would have done that. the obama administration couldn‘t have done it. number one, they probably wouldn‘t have done it, and number two, they didn‘t have the capability to do it. so ijust want to thank everybody. i want to wish our new attorney general great lock and speed, and enjoy your life. bill, good luck. i know you‘ll do a good job. and thank you, everybody, thank you very much. thank you. president trump in the rose garden of the white house. he‘s been speaking, we reckon, for about 50 minutes in total. covered a wide range of subjects. let‘s start at the beginning, shall we? talked about trade, about talks in china regarding north korea, and its nuclear programme. also went on to talk about the us economy, saying how well it is doing. then mentioned the trade deals that he is very

optimistic about, trade with the united states. and in response to that, the us ambassador to london, woodyjohnson, has tweeted: as president trump said in the rose garden at the white house, a us— uk trade deal will increase our trade substantially to stop it will be great forjobs substantially to stop it will be great for jobs and prosperity substantially to stop it will be great forjobs and prosperity on both sides of the atlantic. what are waiting hear from president trump was about the money he needed for the for the wall. the border war he promised as part of his campaign when he was campaigning to become the president of the united states. he said walls work 100%. this is about border security and immigration he said. it‘s about tackling drugs, many of which come from the south of the border. in his pursuit of getting this money, which he hasn‘t been able to get through congress, has declared a national

emergency. however, he did say he didn‘t need to do it this way, that he could have done it a different way, he could have carried on going through congress, but he wanted to do it faster. it begs the question, it isa do it faster. it begs the question, it is a national emergency? if he could have done it in a different way, of also had had separately from the press conference in the rose garden, we‘ve had a speaker in behalf of the chubb administration talking about this the money that is now available for the wall. it is now available for the wall. it is now $8 billion. it comes from a treasury fund, it comes from the p department counter drug activities, about $2.5 billion. also $3.6 billion, coming from there. it will also be used to build 234 miles of steel barrier. that was the goal when trump asked congress for money.

however, for their part, to top democrats has spoken out against the tactics that trump has used. nancy pelosi and the other leader, chuck. they said they will defend the constitutional, using any remedy available for his part, trump says he expects to be sued, he expects to be taken to court and he expects to win. more on that, plenty of analysis through the next few hours on bbc news. our weather station recorded 17.5 degrees. that is a degree and a half up degrees. that is a degree and a half up on what we had yesterday. it is pushing 18 celsius. maybe a little higher. it‘s up pretty phenomenal. i‘ve got some pictures to show you. it was very different. we had foggy

and frosty conditions, there are so many pictures coming in. and, this is what we get this time of the year. we get the cold frosty mornings and then come the afternoon, it‘s a completely different story. you have to scrape the windscreen in your car sometimes and then you don‘t know what to wear for the rest of the day. you are absolutely right. at this time of the year where they put on the thick coats and in the morning and when it‘s time to go home, it‘s nice and mild outside so you really don‘t know what to go home, it‘s nice and mild outside so you really don‘t know what you weather some of the year. look like the middle of summer. the year. look like the middle of summer. apart from obviously trees missing their leaves, but stunning, stunning weather today. tomorrow will probably see a few more clouds in the sky. but we should be closer to around about 7 degrees, even lower than that let alone the 17th celsius that we are getting at the moment. but this daily range were at that cold and gets warmer, that‘s quite

common? yes, this time of the year when be getting too much, that is the transition months where the sun is very strong, when i‘m in transition, we are transitioning from whence almost summer, so you get the really chilly morning and then the sun gets strong, you for the strength of the sun in the afternoon and you get that huge range, the huge range from -1 that huge range, the huge range from —1 in the morning to 15 and the record going back into the late 70s, was for the morning to be something like minus one degree and then the afternoon it was 22. is huge. absolutely. it‘s phenomenal. in scotland, once it was -27 phenomenal. in scotland, once it was —27 and then it got to plus one or two. so that is the range. beautiful blue skies. is that going to changewe have a weather front approaching. if you look at the satellite picture, we have clouds across the western parts of the uk. this area, the void, is a

large area of high pressure that is stretching pretty much from cornwall, right across europe, you can see frankfurt and just about into poland and down into the balkans and that area is what we say is weather free. sunny skies, most of the time at least. whereas around the high pressure we have weather fronts, so this is what is more or less right now. we have temperatures in the low to mid teens. but, we are on the edge of this high pressure, the weather front are skirting us which is perhaps more clouds and rain getting into north—western scotla nd rain getting into north—western scotland early on saturday morning and tomorrow with the south—westerly winds, very moist and south—westerly winds, very moist and south—westerly winds we will see a little bit more cloud. it is a high pressure again. centred over italy. that is how big it is but it influences almost down into the azores. this is riding the high pressure, as of weather fronts, we quite see these currents of mild

air. that‘s what we‘ve got right now. we are in that area of weather and that means that this weekend is going to be a little bit breezy next to these weather fronts. for many of us, try but it western areas they could be some cloud and rain. if you don‘t get the ring you might get some cloud. here we are, the man south—westerly is going through the uk during saturday, weatherfront approaching introducing cloud, mist and mic in the morning and that is how it is going to stay in the afternoon. these sorts of areas, western scotland, cloudy whereas further east you are, you get the nice and the weather will be... might be hazy. they might be a couple of showers flirting with western coast but on the whole, as another beautiful day, so for many of us, if you‘ve got plans i was in the outdoors, enjoying the sunshine come out of the park, i would say. sunday is probably going to be the sunny day of the two also cloud forecasting is notoriously

difficult. very difficult. they are ha rd to difficult. very difficult. they are hard to forecast. sunday, back to 15 degrees staying around the mid teens at least through the following week. this is bbc news. the headlines: president trump confirms he‘ll use emergency powers to build a wall on mexico‘s border, saying "walls work" one of the things we saved a tremendous amount on would be sending the military. if we had a war we would not meet needs of the military because we would have a wall i‘m going to be signing national emergency. pupils walk out of their classrooms to demand more action on climate change. award—winning author, andrea levy whose works chronicled the windrush generation —— has died aged 62. prisons continue to cause concern as books sprayed with drugs are smuggled into one of britain‘s most troubled jails. let‘s go back to what trump has been

saying regarding getting that money through national emergency declaration. for that border war with mexico. tell us more about what he has announced. he has been saying there is a national security crisis at the border. he has been saying that for some time now and he has again used that word, a very emotive word, invasion of drugs and an invasion of illegal immigrants and people traffickers coming across the border and that is the reason that he has declared the state of national emergency. what he believes is that will allow him to get a hold ofa is that will allow him to get a hold of a pot of money, probably up to about seven or $8 billion that congress would not give him. in order to continue to build the wall

along the border with mexico. the president himself in his speech, made it clear that he thought that as soon as made it clear that he thought that as soon as he signs this thing and he did some of it beforehand and he is doing the most of it as we speak now, that he will be sued. that is what he is expecting to be sued in the courts. he expected to be sued at the court in california which is the ninth circuit court that he loves to hate so much and he expects it will go all the way up to the supreme court. he has already aims out the process. back at it again or for long time. of course, those courts could stop him spending any of that money initially if they end junked the actions he has taken. so he is calculating that this is, at least politically the right thing to do even if not a single brick gets laid throughout this whole legal process. senior democrats already saying they will do anything within their means to stop him. yes. it's not just the courts their means to stop him. yes. it's notjust the courts where they can do that, they could do it in

congress for example. they could pass various resolutions in congress, telling him not to take the money from elsewhere to spend, to redirect to the border wall. you could potentially veto that and then they could potentially override it, but in these senate, the republicans to have a majority in the sun leader, republican, he made it clear he supports this idea of a national emergency. that‘s about a week after he said he didn‘t like it at all. so he‘s had a completely 180 on this. it's he‘s had a completely 180 on this. it‘s around $8 billion that he is hoping to have a master. that must mean that other departments, are going to have to give up some of their money. absolutely right. $1.4 billion have come through the standard regular constitution or budget process the negotiations. the rest of it, $6 billion plus is going to be taken from things like the military budget, he will be taking

it from things like some of the emergency budgets for flood relief in places like florida and along the coast where they have had hurricanes. he is going to be taking it from drug interdiction programmes, ironically. all these places where congress has appropriated the money. it has passed the law is to raise the taxes and then spent at allocated it in these parts. he is going to rate it, going around the various piggy banks in these various places and take money out. congress does have the power of the past, it is meant to decide where money is raised and where it is spent and that is going to be the basis of all of these legal challenges that he himself says he is expecting to happen straightaway. thank you very much. thousands of schoolchildren across the uk have walked out of classes today — to demonstrate against climate change. downing street has criticised the action, which it says will cause disruption to their learning.

our reporter athar ahmad joined us earlier from the protest outside the houses of parliament. as you can see, hundreds of people have taken the day of school, skipped school to be here today at the strike in parliament square to try and raise awareness around the issue of climate change. these being mirrored across more than 60 towns and cities across the uk today where stu d e nts and cities across the uk today where students have deliberately taken the day of school in order to be here. i‘m joined by two brothers. they have taken the day after day to be here. why are you at the strikewe are here because we think the government isn‘t doing anything. they are not listening to us. we need to speak out and make sure they are. what do you think your teacher would make of you skipping school in order to be here today? my teacher was quite supportive. and the head teacher allows us to go out, actually. my school is quite

supportive of it. that's quite surprising that some teachers might be supporting this. does that surprise you? teachers are also people. they know that there is as important and it really matters about the future, because it's the future of the world is that this is about. it's more important than a day of school. and you think you will come here to strike in the future? yes, definitely. the strike is excited to continue for much of the day and as these boys aside, many pupils like them are thinking about perhaps skipping school again in the future in order to be here and to have their voices heard around the issue of climate change. a company which monitors offenders as part of the government‘s partial privatisation of the probation service has gone into administration. the firm, working links, was criticised by inspectors who said it was "buckling" under the strain of commercial pressures. we can cross to our westminster studio and speak

to dame glenys stacey, hm chief inspector of probation. thank you very much forjoining us. how would you characterise the performance of this company? we had rated the performance of this company as inadequate. that is the first time we have rated a company with that. that is our lowest rating possible. i think that probably tells you what you need to know. why is it unable to perform to the right standards? is it a sign that commercial pressures are on probation are not compatible they certainly have not been compatible. for example, we found staff and some officers carrying 80 to 100 cases. in somejunior staff officers carrying 80 to 100 cases. in some junior staff were carrying over 160 cases and those sorts of work loads are not possible to do anywhere near an acceptable job with that sort of workload. staff are

struggling to get through each day rather than do a properjob and what we found here with those sorts of pressures , we found here with those sorts of pressures, staff, i suppose the very ethos of probation and self had buckled under the strain, they ended up buckled under the strain, they ended up making a difficultjust to get through. how many cases should a probation officer ideally be carrying? there isn‘t a clear answer to that because it rather depends on the experience and grade of the probation officer and the type of cases. they vary a lot but whenever i see more than 50 or 60 cases, i am interested to see why. last summer, the justice secretary terminated the contracts the justice secretary terminated the co ntra cts of the justice secretary terminated the contracts of two private companies saying that they had run into trouble. they were able to deliver the expected benefits. what does that tell you about the partial privatisation of probation and

whether it‘s really working? privatisation of probation and whether it's really working? that's not quite right. the secretary of state took a good brave decision last year to terminate all probation companies contracts. they will now come to an end in december 2020. so, thatis come to an end in december 2020. so, that is telling us that a reflection that is telling us that a reflection that this can‘t go on if you like. we know the secretary of state is now considering carefully what the future model of probation services delivery should be. from my perspective, i am very sure that whatever the future model, it‘s really must do much better than this to protect professional standards, do not put professional staff under these dreadful pressures, to make sure there are enough professional staff who are given the right support and guidance and working environment to enable them to really do the best possible job on probation and not to be put under these pressures. it won‘t do. probation and not to be put under these pressures. it won't do. how much better would it be if we went back to how it used to be and all

probation services were run under government control? it is a difficult question for me to answer. it is something to consider. my point is whatever the model is, there are certain requirements in orderfor probation to there are certain requirements in order for probation to work. clearly, one of them as you need in a professional staff given enough scope and judgment to do a proper job. there are other aspects that you need alongside that as well, but the core thing is actually, having your probation professionals and being... putting them in an environment where they can give their best and not be put under these dreadful pressures. thank you. the creators of a revolutionary artificial inteligence system —— that can write news stories and works of fiction —— have taken the unusual step of not releasing their research publicly, for fear of potential misuse. there are fears that it could be used to create fake news. dame wendy hall is professor of computer science at the university of southampton and shejoins us now. thank

and she joins us now. thank you very much forjoining us. what is your view of this decision that has been taken by this company?” view of this decision that has been taken by this company? i think they should be applauded for doing it although there is the fact they have told us that they are not releasing it is an element potentially. they wa nt to it is an element potentially. they want to tell people they‘ve got this capability, but they are worried about in the wrong hands what could happen with it. overall, i think they should be applauded, because they should be applauded, because they really need to study what can and can‘t be done with it before they release it. what are the dangers as far as you can see? at a big push in the media on fake text and generation from news, are all sorts of things, people could use it for all sorts of malicious things. schoolchildren could use it to write essays. students could do that to write essays. they would have to check the accuracy and this is the point that as the ai develops, as we develop the ai

point that as the ai develops, as we develop the al to write in natural language, who is going to check all the stuff that could be produced because mikey was going to check the a ccu ra cy of because mikey was going to check the accuracy of it and that is what we need to learn. we need to learn to build technology that can check the ai, because at the moment it has to be checked by human beings. ai, because at the moment it has to be checked by human beingsm everybody doing that? yes, there's lots of people beginning to do research, we are talking about it. responsible ai and that is lots going on in the uk. the government has set up looking at the ethics of ai. but, somehow the technology is going ahead faster than the discussions can keep up with and thatis discussions can keep up with and that is our problem. we have to think that there are lots of good uses to this technology. it isn‘t all a negative. if it does what it says, what they say it does, it would be absolutely fantastic in many applications. can you give us a couple of examples?”

many applications. can you give us a couple of examples? i was thinking about it, explaining in particular applications, explaining where your insurance claim hasn‘t been granted. that sort of thing, proper information about that or putting together information to help people with chronic health conditions from all the information that is out there on the internet. customising that to you depending on what your actual problem is. even doing customised coaching for schoolchildren, or to help them be able to answer exam questions. there are all positive uses, but to every one of those positive there is probably a negative use as well. how do you manage theirs, regulated, make sure it‘s being used for the right purpose given there are some governments in some parts of the what you might want it for these nefarious reasons? some government in some parts of the world probably already do that, to be honest. they

don‘t release the software, they use it themselves and this is absolutely crucial at the moment. we don‘t know how to regulate the space and again, what we are discussing with collaboration, how do we regulate it. what do we regulate and what do we have to ask companies to self regulate? and how do we get companies who are developing to adopt ethical values about how they release it and what... who they release it and what... who they release it and what... who they release it to? i think the company has led the way in that sense of saying we are not going to release it unless we know what it can and can‘t do. it unless we know what it can and can't do. some huge questions to answer. thank you very much. president trump confirms he‘ll use emergency powers to build a wall on mexico‘s border, saying "walls work" pupils walk out of their classrooms to demand more action on climate change. award—winning author, andrea levy,

whose works chronicled the windrush generation, has died aged 62. here‘s your business headlines on afternoon live. royal bank of scotland has more than doubled its profits from 2017 to 2018. last year it made £1.62 billion. however, the future is not quite so bright — its boss ross mcewan has warned the uk economy faced a heightened level of uncertainty over the brexit negotiations. british shoppers cast aside that uncertainty though in january and took to the shops. retail sales figures jumped during the month according to the office for national statistics. the amount of goods sold rose by 1%, afterfalling by 0.7% in december. discounts in clothing helping to boost sales. no movement in beijing. a top us trade negotiator has told chinese president xi jinping that "very difficult issues" remained after two days of us—china trade talks wrapped up in the capital. the world‘s two biggest economies

are in last minute talks to prevent an escalation of their trade war next month. profits at rbs have doubled. that must be good news? you would have thought so and the shares are up, not a huge amount, when you‘ve got such unexpected negative figures you would see more of a rise. also, when you look at what they shares are doing before the financial crisis, they were getting £60 a share, almost an hour they are £2 40. that isa almost an hour they are £2 40. that is a long way down. but, they seem to be ona is a long way down. but, they seem to be on a good track and as long as you can forget the past, the future doesn‘t look too bad. retail sales, looking better. this seems to be pretty good news. 1% in

january. though, it does counteract the falloff in december it is also driven very much by discounts but on the other hand, it seems to show that consumers, we were getting, we had this funny idea that everyone is depressed about brexit are not spending any money but not quite true. there are some other interesting things going on which i do want to talk to tom stevenson about. i wanted to start, the story going around about the engineering federation. it is too late to plan for a no deal after march 29 because all the ships have sailed and any stuff you are importing from south africa, canada, china is going to come in after that date. yes, that is a fair point. if you are a politician and you are engaged in the negotiations, or you are engaged in the infighting at westminster, then you are probably quite relaxed about taking it up to

the wire, negotiating right up until the wire, negotiating right up until the 11th hour, right up until the 29th of march, but if you are in business and especially if you are pa rt business and especially if you are part of the sort of globalised business world where your shipping things around the world, it might ta ke things around the world, it might take six weeks to bring something from the far east to the uk. and if you don‘t know you are going to be able to unload your boat, that is a big problem. one of the interesting things as we had worries expressed this week, the markets don‘t seem to reflect a ny this week, the markets don‘t seem to reflect any of that. i would comment almost shouting from industry about how worried they are. there is a lot of posturing going on. on all sides. from the government‘s side, it is this deal or no deal, so they want to play up the dangers of no deal, so to play up the dangers of no deal, so they are talking about how bad it would be. if your stock market investor, you are in the business of weighing up probabilities and i think what the market is saying is that on balance, no deal remains

quite an unlikely end game. quick word on rbs. they are pretty good figures, but they‘ve got a long way to go if they want to go back to pre—financial crisis figures. to go if they want to go back to pre-financial crisis figures. the shares are 95% down on where they stood ten years ago, but clearly, rbs is out of intensive care, has been possible to deliver profitable now. it started to pay a dividend. the government was not to think about selling off a 62% stake, but he was clear, but is it as a problem and it is slowing down the uk economy and banks of course very highly exposed to the health of the domestic economy. thank you very much. we appreciate it. that edge from afternoon lie. next is the bbc news at five. spring is in the air on the weather

map. technically speaking of course, we are very map. technically speaking of course, we are very much in the winter but this afternoon is going to be a very mild. most impetus reaching the mid teens in some spots. it‘s notjust us enjoying the fine weather but much of western and central parts of europe. you can see all the weather fronts have been deflected to the north—west of us, butjust about nibbling into western parts of scotla nd nibbling into western parts of scotland and possibly northern ireland. so elizabeth mcleod here but the rest of the uk in some cases, clear blue skies and 13—15dc. very pleasant. tonight, some clouds, some rain sweeping through north—western parts of scotland. this is where the weather will be modest around 10 degrees in glasgow and belfast, to the south, clearer skies, around east anglia. could be a little bit colder. this weekend, going to stay mild overall, going to bea going to stay mild overall, going to be a lot of dry weather. enjoy. today at five — president trump confirms he willl invoke emergency powers to pay for a border wall with mexico.

the president insisted the wall was vital to stop drugs and violent criminals entering the united states. we‘re going to be signing today, and registering, national emergency. and... it‘s a great thing to do. we‘ll have the latest and we‘ll be talking to one of the president‘s former advisors. the other main stories on bbc news at five. the head of m16 warns governments in europe not to become complacent to the threat from islamic terror groups. save our planet! skipping school — thousands of pupils take to the streets in protest over climate change.