hello, this is bbc news. this is bbc news. i'm martine croxall. way to do it was to stop doing tour the headlines... the headlines at 11: the number of dead after tour after tour. after new zealand's two mosque attacks rises to 50, we were working down the number of dead a wormhole to nowhere. as the country's prime minister so, after 55 years and 12 albums, says her office received a message after new zealand's two mosque the who are showing from the suspected killer minutes no signs of stopping. matt everitt, bbc news. before the attack. attacks rises to 50 as the country's prime minister says her office received a message had it provided details that from the suspected killer minutes could have been acted before the attack. on immediately, it would have been. had it provided details that could have been now it's time for a look but there, unfortunately, acted on immediately, were no such details at the weather with matt taylor. in that e—mail. theresa may calls on mps to make it would have been. an honourable compromise after yesterday's flooding in parts and back her brexit deal, of wales and northern england in or risk never leaving the eu. nearly a0 flood warnings particular the outlook is much drier and brighter, even today, showers are in place across britain but there, unfortunately, after some areas had a months worth were no such details in that e—mail. theresa may calls on mps to make around, rain, hail, sleetand snow, an "honourable compromise" of rain injust21i hours. and back her brexit deal or risk scientists warn that warming air never leaving the eu. pushing along by this stiff breeze, and sea temperatures are causing nearly a0 flood warnings are in place across britain sunshine in between and it's going arctic glaciers to melt and the increasing rainfall is after some areas had a months worth to be much drier than it was causing new problems for wildlife. of rain injust 2a hours. also in the next hour, overall, better conditions this investigating the effects afternoon, showers in the east, of climate change. we join scientists in the arctic, where increasing rainfall blustery winds will add to the wind now on bbc news, trouble is creating new problems for wildlife. in the elephant sanctuary. chill, the winds topping 40—50 alastair leithead presents a special gci’oss chill, the winds topping 40—50 programme on how poaching has across some parts of eastern scotland. the winds will ease, the provoked a political row over whether botswana has too many elephants.

showers fade, then showers returned to the west later as cloud increases mainly in the coldest part of the botswana is africa's last night will be early on but elsewhere scotland, england and wales clear great elephant sanctuary. skies, a/c, frosty, temperatures may be as low as five or six to start the commute which will be sunnier for many, sunshine turning hissing a third of the continent's herd lives here. from the west, showers across latest estimates say there are at least 130,000 of them. but they are notoriously england, wales and scotland, the rain coming and going in northern difficult to count. ireland and spreading around irish for decades, these giants have been sea coasts later. safely travelling their ancestral migration routes, while their cousins in other countries have been hit hard by poaching. but now, even botswana's elephants are under threat. from an infant mortality perspective, we found that the numbers of fresh or recent infant carcasses had increased by nearly 600%. there is new evidence of well—organised poaching.

but in a bitter political climate, there is a question over whether there is more emphasis on shooting the messenger than accepting that there is a problem. to deny that 87 elephants were ever killed next to a wildlife sanctuary, because we went there and we couldn't find 87 carcasses. but there is evidence there to see. well, the response from various people was to try and deny or whitewash. they labelled me a traitor and a liar. without having actually verified the evidence that we bore witness to. i think the government has been hiding it for a while, and now that it has been brought out in the open, we are now realising how serious the problem is. but toxic politics ahead of an election, luxury tour

operators with a reputation to uphold, and increasing human—wildlife conflict is stirring up trouble in one of the elephants‘ last sanctuaries. botswana has grown rich on diamonds and is known as one of the most stable and least corrupt places in sub—saharan africa. tourism is its second—biggest earner, and the cornerstone of that is its wildlife and its wilderness. the kalahari desert inhabits most of a country the size of portugal and spain, but with less than 2.5 million people, and the beautiful inland 0kavango delta flows into its north—west corner. elephants once roamed across its international borders, through angola, namibia,

zambia and zimbabwe, but a spike in poaching there has led them to seek sanctuary where they feel safe, in northern botswana. for 15 years, a small organisation called elephants without borders has been watching its wildlife. they have flown three aerial surveys, counting everything. buffalo and antelopes, hippos and elephants. flying back and forth, photographing and recording. mike chase was the scientist for the first—ever great elephant census that surveyed 18 african countries. in 2016, he warned that a third of africa's elephants had been wiped out in just seven years. aerial surveys are incredibly valuable. they provide us with an opportunity to better understand the status of an elephant population. are their numbers declining, stable or increasing? i can think of no other method

available to a scientist that better provides us with information on the conservation status of elephants. here in botswana, things have been going well — perhaps too well. the country's world —famous conservation credentials, a determined political will and a reputation for being tough on poachers has created this last great sanctuary. there has been poaching here for a few years now, but when mike chase took to the skies last year for his latest four—yearly survey, he saw something that shocked him.

northern botswana is a vast expanse of wilderness. with few roads, it's only from the air that you get to see the true extent of the wildlife. there's a big bull, jeez. when the aerial survey was done in this area, they identified a large number of elephant carcasses with evidence of poaching. we have come out here in the helicopter to verify those results. the area we are going to first is the location where we saw fresh or recent elephant carcasses during july and october last year. it is a hotspot in which there are 88 poached elephants, based upon a ground assessment that we did. that is elephants that he says died less than a year ago. 0n the right... following his co—ordinates,

we soon began to discover them. there it is. so, this was government—verified. you can see the big x. red spraypaint on the carcass. it is one of the few carcasses we saw verified in this way by the government. how many are there in this area? within this area now, 33. 0k? 33 at the same time? yes, 33 at the same time. wow, that is a huge number. it is. and then, over a year, 88 within a similar area. but he says the authorities didn't believe him and letters to ministers and the president went unanswered. so, we went to the media, with initial reports of 87 carcasses. the story went viral. then came the official response.

then came the reaction... one issue was timing. botswa na's new president, mokgweetsi masisi, was clashing with his predecessor, ian khama, especially over approaches to conservation. mike chase is close to the former president, so announcing a poaching crisis a few months into masisi's term in office was seen by some people as a political attack on the new president and sparked a storm of controversy. 0fficials admitted they spent only two days with mike chase, trying to verify findings that took two months to gather. then it got nasty. the president went on the offensive, saying it was the biggest hoax of the 21st century. i do not agree there has been a spike in poaching in botswana. but we were given government permission to visit one of four

hotspots he identified. it suggested organised and co—ordinated poaching. soon you will notice for yourself that a pattern emerges, that most of the elephants were poached near seasonal waterholes. so the poachers would just wait for the elephants to come down and drink, and shoot them. yeah, here it is, here. 0n the nose, here. the last time you were here was when? i was here in september, four months ago. and at that time, this carcass was fresh. days old. you can smell it. you can still smell it. but at the time, it was putrid, it was maggot—infested, it had droppings on it

from the vultures. it was wet. and, still now, you can see the flesh on the bones. clear evidence of poaching, half of its cranium has been chopped by a very sharp axe or machete. you will also notice that the tail has probably been cut for the tail hairs. and then all around them, the periphery of the carcass, all these bushes, which at the time were chopped and cut to conceal the carcass, because it is very open here. in order to avoid detection. so, rather than using another bullet, and avoiding shot detection, they would have severed his spinal cord, rendering him paralysed, and defenceless, while they chopped his tusks out. so, it would have been alive? yes, that would have been the only reason to chop the spinal cord, because he was wounded, he was alive. mike chase scientifically recorded all the carcasses at the time.

his final report, with estimates of how recently they were killed, has been peer—reviewed by nine international elephant experts, who support his belief that this shows a new poaching spike. 0n the 2014 aerial survey, none of the dead elephants that we saw we attributed to having been poached. and how many have you found this time? on this aerial survey, we suspect that 128 elephants were poached. that is more than initially reported and, from the data, mike chase estimates 800 elephants died recently. six times more than four years ago. he concludes a significant poaching outbreak is ongoing. but in a population of 130,000, it is a drop in the ocean, and doesn't yet pose a threat to the overall elephant population. at what point do we say, we have a problem? 10? 50? 100? 150? 1000?

you know, we can't... lessons have taught us, when we look at tanzania, that lost 60% of its elephant population in five years, that is how quickly poaching can settle into a population. we can either go to 22 or 19. let's do 19, then 22. following the co—ordinates, we continued to verify more carcasses and to find new ones over two days. well, there's two we have found just here. a huge concentration of carcasses we have seen just in this small area. a real hotspot. and from the air, you can see where they have been poached, where their face has been cut off. this is where mike chase saw the carcasses he calls fresh, less than a month old. these are recent, a month to a year old. and these, old, up to two years. this is where we flew to verify some of his results. of those verified on the ground, he says all were poached.

but there is resistance to his findings. his licence to work has been suspended. the government questions his methodology and wants the raw data to verify the results again. the inference that we drew from that report was that these elephants were massacred in a day or two. we are not denying that elephants are being killed in botswana. but we are denying that 87 elephants were never killed next to a wildlife sanctuary in northern botswana, because we went there and we couldn't find 87 carcasses. you have seen an increase in poaching in botswana. we are seeing a number of poaching incidents that are quite disturbing. how bad has it become? well, it is of concern. it is of concern because we don't want to lose any species to poachers. any illegal uptake, irrespective of the quantity, is of concern to us.

and poaching, it is a national security threat. you know, when somebody crosses into your country at an undetected crossing point, armed with whatever weapon they may have, whether it is a weapon for hunting, it is not licensed to operate in botswana, it challenges our national security. it is of concern to us. the botswana defence force takes the lead on anti—poaching. the country has had a fierce reputation for dealing with poachers but denies having a shoot—to—kill policy. they believe criminal syndicates cross over the long and open border, use local trackers to find elephants to kill, and then take the ivory back over the border to be trafficked to asia. it's a tough job, policing a vast wilderness. poaching was always going to come here to botswana, where one third of africa's elephants live. but the controversy surrounding these recent findings of carcasses has sparked a much wider

national debate. there are questions over whether enough of the money being brought in by luxury safaris is going back to communities. how the people who live next door to these dangerous elephants can be persuaded that they are worth protecting. and also, whether or not hunting should be reintroduced. this is one of our most luxurious products... kim nixon is managing director at wilderness safaris. in the high season, these rooms go for $7,000 per couple per night. bono and sir richard branson stay here and are investors in wilderness safaris. prince harry is among the many famous guests. but one of the elephant carcass hotspots is in an area owned by wilderness. they have also recently lost rare rhinos near this lodge. do you have a poaching problem? i think poaching is an issue. it's an issue that has existed certainly as long as we have been in botswana. it's difficult to say,

as a private sector company, you know, how big the poaching problem actually is because we're not privy to all of the data, what our obligation is as a concessionaire is to report that information to government, who then act accordingly act upon it. these shocking images of dead rhinos are not what high—end tourists want to see on safari. 13 have been killed in a year. talking to a lot of people here, we get the sense that there's a denial that there is a poaching problem going on here. what's your response to that? i don't think there is any denial whatsoever. whenever poaching has occurred in any of our concession areas, each and every incident has been reported as a criminal case. off the record, some commercial operators admit there's a problem. 0ne company owner in the 0kavango delta told us publicly what many people say privately. i think that the government has been hiding it for a while and now that's it's been brought out into the open, we're now realising how

serious the problem is and these big poachers have actually infiltrated further than we expected them to be. i think the government and most of us are concerned that it'll affect the businesses that we operate. a lot of tourists come through to us because of the antipoaching and what the government does with its wildlife. so if — i think we have to have everybody understand that this so i think we have to have everybody understand that this problem can only be solved if we all come into it together and work on it. living next door to a herd of elephants isn't easy. this is the damage they often do. the custodians of the wildlife are the local communities.

they can protect the animals if they benefit financially, or they can help the poachers. the morokotso family are planting maize and it's a big risk renting the plough and paying for seed. many villagers here have given up on growing crops because of the elephants. they can eat a whole harvest in a day. they lost their crop to the elephants, she explains, and some of their livestock to lions, but the authorities didn't help. there's no sign of the compensation payments they should have received for losing animals. so, i asked, are elephants a national treasure? "it's not a treasure to be kept, certainly not near you", he said. "they have to be far away from where we live." it's a big problem. a popular opinion in many

communities is that the number of elephants is increasing. aerial surveys suggest that's not true, that the population is static, but elephants are expanding their range, how far they wander. this leads to more conflict with humans. in the past four years, we lost two people here who were killed by the elephants, but now, they are just killing the domestic animals. i think government can just introduce hunting of the elephants again, killing them so that maybe they will be reduced. so, the elephants‘s last great sanctuary is the victim of its own success. while foreigners come and pay a fortune to see them, communities are calling for them to be killed. but hunting can be used for conservation.

when you look at this dung, and the footprint, it shows us that this elephant is between about 10 to 15 years. so, quite a young elephant? yes. this man is a tracker. he used to work for a professional hunter, but he's been unemployed since the government banned hunting in 2013. this is the one for this dung. this circle here? this circle here. no, i am now suffering because i don't have nothing to put on the table for my family, my children, everybody. even the community now is suffering because when you look across, it is a small village, most of the people there, they are old, they are not educated, so they don't have that chance of going to work somewhere else, they are just based here in the village, and now they are suffering because there's no hunting. unemployed trackers can be recruited by poachers. hunting was banned by former president khama. the new president has launched a public consultation and appears to be in favour of lifting the hunting ban and supporting a regulated ivory trade. with elections coming and with rural

communities in favour of hunting, it becomes a trade—off between votes and botswana's international reputation. as soon as we stopped the hunting, brand botswana grew around the world and botswana became the most sought—after tourism destination in africa. the tourism arrivals, the revenues paid, they all shot through the roof. while there potentially could be a place for hunting, my worry is that it's going to knock the big picture, and it will have a negative impact on jobs, occupancies, government revenues, etc. many areas just don't suit photographic safaris. they are remote, dense bush, have few roads and sparse wildlife, and with the loss of hunting, they are abandoned. hunting is an appropriate land—use and it does have a conservation value, especially for communities that live in wildlife areas.

and again, you know, they need to benefit, so that's their business, that's their life. they've been brought up in those areas and they know it, and if they don't have any legal employment, they will turn to more illegal resource use and hence the poaching. there's trouble, but there's also hope in the elephant sanctuary. botswana has become a safe haven as neighbouring countries have been devastated by poaching, but too many elephants is also a problem. hunting will not reduce the numbers and a cull would provoke an outcry. there will be no solution if we don't involve the communities. some people are saying that we should look for other countries that are looking for the elephant species and then transfer some of our elephant population to those countries. first off, we need to stop pointing fingers. don't shoot the messenger. i think it requires all stakeholders working together — government, private, public sectors, the ngos.

across africa, these beautiful beasts are under threat. botswana is still the safest place in the world to be a rhino or an elephant, but with a high demand for ivory in asia, this sanctuary is now firmly in the poachers‘ sights. very good morning. at last, the weather is improving for the week ahead and we need to after yesterday. strong winds across the country and scenes like these captured in north wales. swollen rivers, lots of flooding, multiple flood warnings across the country, in north wales, after half a month was met worth of rain fell in 21st.

—— halfa was met worth of rain fell in 21st. —— half a month's was met worth of rain fell in 21st. —— half a months worth of rain. a chilly feel petty yesterday. because the area of low pressure is now in scandinavia, winds flowing anticlockwise, dragging the air from the north—west. plenty of showers peppering northern and western parts. showers also working south across eastern parts of scotland, continuing through the day. showers and western parts of england and wales pushing further east. fewer showers in northern ireland and western scotland this afternoon. some showers down the eastern coast of counties in england and here is where we see the strongest of the winds today, 40—50 miles an hour. still lower than yesterday. showers across western parts of england and wales in particular, more in the north—east compared to this morning, one 01’ north—east compared to this morning,

one or two in the south—east and east anglia, but many staying dry. a little bit colder in the strength of the wind. the wind also easing tonight. showers in central and eastern england for a time. skies clearing. cloud bringing more spots of rain in the morning. temperature drop will be initial and coldest earlier in the night, but for much of scotland, england and wales, widespread frost for the monday morning commute, but plenty of sunshine too, make the most of that in the west, rain at times in northern ireland during the day, and the odd showerfor northern ireland during the day, and the odd shower for the east, but nowhere near the levels of rain during the past 2a hours and many parts in the east will stay dry. temperatures up a little bit and had to today. set to rise further this week. the jet stream which has to today. set to rise further this week. thejet stream which has been tipped to the south of us will move

north this week bringing milder air and crucially something drier and a lot less windy as well. goodbye for 110w.