welcome to bbc news — my name's mike embley. our top stories: borisjohnson strides into downing street to start life as britain's prime minister and he made this pledge. it is time to change the record, to recover our natural nature as enterprising, outward—looking and truly global britain. inside number 10, he begins building a new team to deliver brexit, promising to succeed where theresa may failed. fresh concerns over north korea, two projectiles are fired into the sea towards japan as kimjong un‘s pictured alongside a newly built submarine.

as europe's heatwave intensifies — scientists say current global warming is the most extreme change in climate for two thousand years. and former special counsel robert mueller insists his report didn't clear president trump of obstructing justice and hints he could face prosecution after leaving office. within hours of becoming british prime minister, borisjohnson has conducted a wholesale clear—out of ministers who served under theresa may — more than half have resigned or been sacked. senior roles in government have gone to those who backed his leadership bid and committed supporters of brexit. the new pm seeking to make good on his claim that he can take the uk

out of the european union by the end of october. even for those who adore him, a year ago, boris johnson's journey to the palace may have been the kind of wild story predicted. he was blocked by protesters on his way. now, the politician who as a boy said he wanted to be world king invited to become prime minister by the queen. the moment where everything officially changed, bowing to the monarch. there are some rules he will follow. i have just been to see her majesty the queen, who has invited me to form a government, and i have accepted. there are pessimists at home and abroad who think after three years of indecision, that this country has become a prisoner to the old arguments of 2016. so, i am standing before you today to tell you, the british people, that those critics are wrong. the doubters, the doomsters, the gloomsters, they are going to get it wrong again. and we are going to fulfil the promise of parliament

to the people and come out of the eu on october the 31st, no ifs and no buts. i am building a great team of men and women. i will take personal responsibility for the change i want to see. never mind the backstop, the buck stops here. the big judgement, ready and willing if needs be to take us out of the eu without a deal. it is of course vital at the same time that we prepare for the remote possibility that brussels refuses any further to negotiate, and we are forced to come out with no deal. not because we want that outcome, of course not. but because it is only common sense to prepare. we in this government will work flat—out to give this country the leadership it deserves. and that work begins now.

thank you very much. this is the start of a new era, and the start of a very different era. with boris johnson and the brexiteers in charge, perhaps they are not so much taking back control is taking over a precarious and fragile situation. for any new administration there is glory on day one, but there were howls of protest from whitehall throughout the speech. this is a time of strife. mrjohnson is in charge because of the failures of his party and his predecessor. for her, time today for one last bout in the commons. farewells and tributes aplenty for theresa may, but it is politics — always barbs too. i pay tribute to her sense of public duty. i hope, mr speaker, that she has a marginally more relaxing time

on the backbenches, and perhaps, like the chancellor, even helping me to oppose the reckless plans of her successor. she couldn't resist it either. perhaps i could just finish my exchange with him by saying this — as a party leader who has accepted when her time was up, perhaps the time is now for him to do the same. she will stay on as an mp and closed with a tribute to her constituents. and that duty, to serve my constituents, will remain my greatest motivation. applause, then, after years of defeat and disappointment. a former prime minister now — one more last moment at the podium, where in calling a needless general election, she maybe sealed her fate. i repeat my warm congratulations to boris on winning the conservative leadership election. i wish him and the government

he will lead every good fortune in the months and years ahead. and as i leave downing street, my final words are of sincere thanks. the real affection was for her truest ally. finally, and most of all, i want to thank my husband, philip, who has been my greatest supporter and my closest companion. it is over now for theresa may, yet the next occupant arrives to face so many of her same problems. a party torn in two, no majority to speak of. boris johnson tonight must know they applaud them all on the way in. according to south korea's military, north korea has fired what appear to be 2 short—range missiles into the sea to the east of the korean peninsula. it's reported they were

fired about 20 minutes apart, from near the port of wonsan, and flew more than 400 kilometres — nearly 250 miles. let's get the latest from our correspondent, laura bicker in the south korean capital, seoul. what is the thinking on this? as you mentioned, the south korean military have confirmed that north korea appears to have fired what are short—range missiles. the first flew around 430 kilometres into the sea of japan. the other flew a little bit further at an elevation of 50 kilometres. at this stage, it does look similar in characteristic to tests carried out by north korea in may. they too were short—range missiles. at this stage also, they are looking at it, but the united states and the pentagon are examining what is going on, as our south korean military. injapan, they say they were short—range ballistic missiles. again, no confirmation of that hearing seoul.

when it comes to the timing of this, it's worth pointing out thatjust in a few days‘ time, south korea and the united states due to take part joint exercises. those exercises a lwa ys joint exercises. those exercises always anger north korea. also this week, north korea unveiled what looks like a new submarine. analysts have been looking over the pictures of kimjong have been looking over the pictures of kim jong and inspecting the submarine. it's known when these pictures released were taken but it has been known that north korea has been looking to develop a submarine capable of firing short—range ballistic missiles. want to look into all of this? well, north korea is still continuing to develop weapons. it may well be when it comes to the timing of this that they are looking to prod donald trump into action. it'sjust they are looking to prod donald trump into action. it's just a few weeks since kim jong and donald trump met at the border of north korea. donald trump might say he is

in no rush but north korea and kim jong un will be in a hurry to get sanctions eased and that might be the reason at this stage they are testing short—range missiles. a new study from climate researchers in the united states suggests the speed and extent of the current period of global warming exceeds any similar event in the past 2,000 years. the scientists reconstructed average temperatures on all continents and major ocean basins over two millennia. the study, published in thejournal nature, looks like the strongest evidence yet that current levels of climate change are both unprecedented and caused by burning fossil fuels. john mcmanus has the details. 2000 years, just the blink of an eye on our planet's history but this snapshot of climate variation over that period proves, say scientists, that period proves, say scientists, that global warming is being driven by man, not nature. the effects of it all around us. the world is now nearly one degree warmer than it was

before widespread industrialisation. ice melting at both the north and south poles in turn is causing sea levels to rise and leading to devastating floods. in the high temperatures are a fact in widespread droughts and wildfires. because the earth's climate is varied in the distant past, some sceptics have argued that global warming can't be attributed to the burning of fossilfuels. warming can't be attributed to the burning of fossil fuels. this study puts paid to that argument. published in the journal nature, it examined data from the last two millennia using sources including tree rings, coral and ice cores and found the rapid warming recorded in the latter part of the 20th century was more widespread in any temperature variations over the last 2000 years. the authors say the little ice age which started in the last millennia and lasted several centuries affected different parts of the world times. that's in contrast to rising temperatures of the late 20th century which affected more than 98% of the planet. the

study comes as part of western europe swelter in the continent's second heatwave of the summer. belgium and the netherlands have already broken their temperature records and the mercury is due to rise even higher on thursday, with paris expected to record its hottest ever day. john mcmanus, bbc news. a bit later, we will be speaking to the lead author of that report. the sudanese army is saying it's foiled a military coup and arrested several high—ranking officers and senior members of the former governing party, national congress. a statement from the military says those arrested include the army chief of staff. president trump has vetoed an attempt by congress to block more than eight billion dollars of arms sales to saudi arabia and its regional allies. mr trump's critics want the us to put pressure on saudi arabia to improve its human rights record and minimise civilian casualties in the war in yemen. puerto rico's legislature has begun an impeachment process

against the governor, ricardo rossello. he's been under pressure to stand down since the publication of leaked messages in which he made sexist and homophobic comments. hundreds of thousands have protested against the governor. he's expected to make an announcement in the coming hours. hours after settling a $5 billion privacy probe with american regulators, facebook has confirmed authorities are now investigating it for potential violations of antitrust law. that news was disclosed to investors as the company announced better than expected earnings results. the man who investigated russian interference in the 2016 us presidential election, robert mueller, has insisted to a congressional hearing that his report didn't clear president trump of obstructing justice. for the first time since he published a redacted version of his findings in april, mr mueller gave evidence to congress. from washington, our correspondent, nick bryant.

the democrats were hoping these hearings would notjust provide the audiobook version of the mueller report, but a summer blockbuster movie. but the former special counsel didn't even want to appear on capitol hill, and stuck closely to the script and main findings of his 400 page report. the investigation did not establish that members of the trump campaign conspired with the russian government in its election interference activities. but the report did not clear president trump of obstructing justice, of interfering with the russian meddling investigation. so the report did not conclude that he did not commit obstruction of justice. is that correct? that is correct. and what about total exoneration? did you actually totally exonerate the president? no. mr mueller was monosyllabic, but under republican questioning stated that, although justice department guidelines prevents sitting presidents from being prosecuted, that would be possible after mr trump left office.

could you charge the president with a crime after he left office? yes. you believe that he committed... you could charge the president of the united states with obstruction ofjustice after he left office? yes. the white house described the hearings as an epic embarrassment for the democrats. donald trump said to be happy that there was no explosive sound bite from the former special counsel. no moment that went viral. the democrats may not have the box office drama they were looking for, but from robert mueller, a reminder to donald trump that his legal problems haven't necessarily gone away. that his presidential protection from prosecution ends the moment he leaves the white house. nick bryant, bbc news, washington. stay with us on bbc news. still to come: celebrating the successful return of the apollo astronauts. 50 years after the mission that wowed the world.

mission control: you can see them coming down the ladder now. it's one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind. a catastrophic engine fire is being blamed tonight for the first crash in the 30 year history of concorde, the world's only supersonic airliner. it was one of the most vivid symbols of the violence and hatred that tore apart the state of yugoslavia. but now, a decade later, it's been painstakingly rebuilt and opens again today. there's been a 50% decrease in sperm quantity and an increase in malfunction of sperm unable to swim properly. thousands of households across the country are suspiciously quiet this lunchtime as children bury their noses in the final instalment of harry potter.

this is bbc news, the latest headlines: a new resident in downing street — borisjohnson begins his term as prime minister with a major overhaul of senior government positions. as europe's heatwave intensifies — scientists say current global heating's the most extreme change in climate for 2000 years. let's get more on that story. i'm joined now by lead author of the report nathan steiger, a climate scientist at columbia university thank you very much for your time and all your experience of this kind of data, how bad is it looking?m is unprecedented. 0ur of data, how bad is it looking?m is unprecedented. our initial interest was the traditional climate

and the juxtaposition that we have seen over and the juxtaposition that we have seen over the last 2000 years and what we saw in the last 100 years was surprising for us. it does seem to put to rest the idea that natural cycles only are at work. you seem to be saying that yes, there were regional natural variations but not all over the world. i don't think it relies solely on our work. 0ther the world. i don't think it relies solely on our work. other things have been shown that as well but we do hope that people will see that what has happened surpasses a regional phenomenon and what we see is global, global warming. and as a result of what you are identifying, what do you expect to happen?” result of what you are identifying, what do you expect to happen? i hope something positive will happen in terms of people's action as climate scientists are seeing a lot of nonaction and i am pessimistic but at the same time i am hopeful that

oui’ at the same time i am hopeful that our study will perhaps contribute in some small way to people changing their behaviours and even making steps in a small way. not even a grand or large—scale way or have the government change things. but even small steps are important. in environmental terms in the ways that will impact humankind and the natural world, what are the implications of what you see and what will flow from this? that is the work of a lot of climate scientists to thousands of scientists to thousands of scientists all over the world have studied many different ways in which this contemporary global warming will impact ecosystems, people who are in vulnerable situations, people who are in low—lying areas, people with problems in getting access to food. there are many aspects. we are having some trouble with our connection. just one more thought if you can hear me, the main take away

from this, would you say, is that this is just different than what has happened in the last 2000 years. it is something new and something serious happening. yes. that is correct. something is fundamentally different. in the past it was regional but what we see nowadays is global. you can see analysis on the latest climate science on our website. there's a guide on how to cope if you're experiencing very hot weather — as many people in the northern hemisphere are right now. just go to bbc.com/news. boeing has acknowleged — for the first time — that it may have to stop production of its 737 max. the entire global fleet has been grounded since march — following the second crash involving one of the aircraft in the space of five months. the world's biggest plane—maker says dealing with the crisis has become a defining moment for the company — it wants the max to be flying again in the autumn. the actor rutger hauer who starred in blade runner, has died at the age of 75.

his agent said the star died in the netherlands on friday after a short illness — his funeral was held on wednesday. his performance in blade runner was by far his most famous role, but he continued acting right up until this year. he appeared in more than a hundred dutch and international movies and won a golden globe in 1988. he died aged 75. for more than a week we've been bringing you full coverage of the events around the world celebrating the first manned lunar landings. apollo 11 lifted off on 16thjuly 1969 — and four days later neil armstrong and buzz aldrin took their legendary steps on the moon's surface. on this day 50 years ago, they came home. here's pallab ghosh. houston. you still look mighty fine and are cleared for landing. the recovery team ready and waiting. so too, the president of the united states, richard nixon.

watching on tv across the world where millions of people who followed every moment of this historic mission. and we have recreated the bbc tv said were 50 yea rs recreated the bbc tv said were 50 years ago these incredible pictures we re years ago these incredible pictures were broadcast live. from the original gigantic rocket that launched the astronauts on their way, this is what was left on the final leg, a tiny command module. inside, the astronauts were about to face one of the most dangerous parts of theirjourney. re—entry into the earth's atmosphere. as they fell to earth, at least 25,000 mph, temperatures soared. communications from the command module emission control was not possible for a full three minutes. there is blackout. the world watched and waited. and then... apollo 11, this is hornet. we read you loud and clear.

they were safe. and after parachutes were deployed, touched down in the pacific ocean. once the recovery ship reached them, a diver handed the astronauts isolation suits. no—one knew what alien germs may be on the moon. the men were unceremoniously sprayed with disinfectant. once they were on the ship they were immediately put into a quarantine trailer to hearfrom immediately put into a quarantine trailer to hear from the immediately put into a quarantine trailer to hearfrom the president. asa trailer to hearfrom the president. as a result of what you have done, the world has never been closer together. and we thank you for that. after three weeks in quarantine, they were officially declared safe. for america, the nation had made it. they were the first country to reach the moon and bring their astronauts home. but this was a mission that went beyond borders. it briefly brought together a world that was divided by conflict and showed what humanity

was capable of. we came in peace for all mankind. wednesday was yet another momentous day in british politics. theresa may left downing street with borisjohnson replacing her as prime minister. he's promising to deliver brexit — with just 99 days to sort things out. he has had a major clear out of ministers who served under this predecessor. half is either resigned 01’ predecessor. half is either resigned or been sacked, leaving a cabinet more likely to support a no deal brexit. he has promised that britain will leave the block at the end of 0ctober, come what may, do or die. among the appointments, two british asians have ta ken among the appointments, two british asians have taken the top jobs. chancellor of the exchequer is sajid javid and this old job, home

secretary has been taken by priti patel. i am about to leave downing street. i will continue to do all i can to serve the national interest and play my part in making our united kingdom a great country with a great future. a country that truly works for everyone. i have just been to see her majesty the queen, who has invited me to form a government, and i have accepted. and we are going to fulfil the repeated promises of parliament to the people, and come out of the eu on october 31, no ifs or buts. and after three years of unfounded self—doubt, it is time to change the record. to recover our natural and historic role. we, in this government, will work flat out to give this country

the leadership it deserves, and that work begins now. thank you very much. applause much more on that for you everywhere. and in a few hours time, the rocket man is planning to cross the rocket man is planning to cross the english channel on a jet powered ofa the english channel on a jet powered of a board. it is to celebrate the anniversary of the first aeroplane flight anniversary of the first aeroplane flight between england and france. he is going to reach speeds of 80 mile an hour. much more on all the news any time on the bbc thank you

for watching. —— on the bbc website. thursday looks like being a day of extraordinary perhaps even unprecedented heat across some parts of the uk. thejuly record looks like it will be broken but this is the one also in danger, the uk all—time record for the heatwave of 2003 because we could beat that and get very close to 39 celsius somewhere around the london area. not guaranteed but there is a good chance that that is going to be broken. that is the temperature that will make the headlines but there is plenty of hot weather to come elsewhere. plenty of sunshine from the word go and we know it is going to be a very warm and muggy start and those temperatures will just rocket as we go on through the morning. we are keeping more cloud close to northern ireland with the weather front here and breezy as well. chance of a bit of rain the further

west you are and it will be breezy elsewhere as well butjust coming from a hot direction, that breeze, so there will not be a lot of relief. and, yes, the temperature close to london will make headlines but we will be close to 30 celsius if not above elsewhere in england. eastern parts of wales, up towards the central belt in scotland as well with the low 20s into northern ireland and a little more cloud around. there are some storms around to end the day. central and eastern parts of england could see them. they will be hit and miss, more likely through parts of northern england and scotland. the risk of torrential rain, hail and disruption. still warm night going into friday morning, of course, after the heat of the day so bear in mind that the later stages of thursday into the night there could be some disruptive thundery downpours in places. but then it is all change. this weather front moves through and this is the cold front. colder stretch but it is the leading edge of cool air coming

in on friday. there will be some cloud moving east and the chance of seeing some showers. they may turn heavy on thundery towards parts of eastern england later in the day. it will still be warm if not hot and humid towards east anglia but most other places will see lower temperatures in some spots by quite a large margin. going into the weekend, that weather front looks like it will reinvigorate and hang around the eastern side of the uk in particular with the zone of cloud and pulses of rain. still some uncertainty in the exact positioning of that and could still be there affecting some of us into sunday as well so we will keep you updated on that. but where temperatures have been close to 40 celsius, they come back to the more comfortable 20 degrees. and relax.

this is bbc news, the headlines: boris johnson has become britain's new prime minister. in his first statement, he said the uk would be leaving the eu — no ifs, or buts. he's also begun a radical overhaul of government topjobs. more than half the ministers under theresa may have either resigned or been sacked. there are fresh concerns over north korea — after two unidentified projectiles were fired into the sea towards japan according to reports from south korea. it's reported they were fired more than 20 minutes apart. it comes after kim jong un was pictured alongside a newly—built submarine. scientists in the united states say the speed and extent of the current period of global warming exceeds any similar event in the past 2,000 years. the warning comes as western europe swelters in the second heatwave of the summer.