you're watching beyond 100 days. no respite from the civil war in the conservative party over brexit — the former chancellor goes on the attack — and his target is the new boss. philip hammond accuses boris johnson's government of trying to wreck any chance of negotiating a deal with the eu. the prime minister has hit back accusing mps who oppose brexit of collaborating with the eu. and not in a good way. hong kong's airport reopens, but police have been confronting protesters in another part of the city. also on the programme. even the arctic can't escape plastic pollution. the snow is no longer pure and the damage is raising alarms for wildlife and residents. this is bbc news. the headlines at eight... air accident investigators say

we are not treating our planet very footballer emilano sala and his pilot may have had carbon monoxide poisoining thoughtfully. we produce on the before the fatal crash. packaging materials, we cover it was thought to be everything in polymer based varnish. one of the world's last pristine environments, now scientists find microparticles plus — the first british tv of plastic in snow in the arctic. adverts to be banned — under new rules on gender stereotyping. i think we are not treating our hello and welcome — planet very thoughtfully. i'm katty kay in washington borisjohnson accuses mps and david eades is in london. anyone who thought who want to stop a no—deal brexit getting a new leader of a "terrible collaboration" into downing street would unite the conservative party should think again. borisjohnson is embroiled in a very public row with the former with the european union. chancellor over a no—deal brexit. 150,000 people sign the prime minister today accused a petition calling for more mps who oppose brexit funding for social care. and, much to the disapointment of children around the country, of "a terrible collaboration" with the european union. he was responding to phillip hammond's accusation that mrjohnson‘s government is trying to wreck the chance of a brexit deal, by making demands the eu will never accept. mr hammond added that leaving the eu without a deal would bejust as much

a betrayal of the referendum result as not leaving at all. the british people were offered a proposition that we could leave the european union while having a close relationship. they were told it would be the easiest deal ever done. and all the evidence points to people wanting to maintain close trading relationship with the eu to protect britishjobs and british prosperity and minimise disruption in the future. to set the bar for negotiations so high that we inevitably leave without a deal would be a betrayal, and the prime minister said he would get a deal and we want to see him deliver that deal. parliament in london is currently in recess — but even so mps are hard at work. many discussing their own strategies on how to block the government if it tries to leave the eu without a deal. the speaker of the commons john bercow said he would fight any attempt to lock mps out. he told an audience in edinburgh: ‘parliament will be heard and nobody

is going to get away, as far as i'm concerned, with stopping that happening'. we can now speak to the deputy political editor for the spectator, katy balls — she joins us from westminster. i wonder what you make of this, it is either the complaint of a departed loser or a desperate cry of what is going on in downing street? perhaps it is a bit of both.” what is going on in downing street? perhaps it is a bit of both. i think his intervention was interesting. it started with a piece in the times and he said he had given the government three weeks to settle in and now was time for the brexiters to end. the talent has long been critical of the prospect of a no—deal brexit, what has triggered him to go public at this point is the fact he feels the goalposts have moved with borisjohnson. boris

johnson once said the chances of a no—deal brexit wherei johnson once said the chances of a no—deal brexit where i million to one. but he has not even talk to eu leaders until the backstop is removed entirely. this is a problem for the members of the conservative party who want ideal exit. we do not know what will happen at the start of september, whether it is a no—confidence vote or legal moves to make sure boris johnson no—confidence vote or legal moves to make sure borisjohnson cannot prorogue parliament, what will happen? no one knows what will happen. philip hammond today was doing a media rounds, saying he was confident parliament would be able to stop a no—deal brexit. the intervention in the first place shows he is not entirely confident and is trying to put pressure on borisjohnson. the and is trying to put pressure on boris johnson. the figures and is trying to put pressure on borisjohnson. the figures in downing street show we could be read into an early election. or a

confidence vote, mps could be voting down this government because their hands are tied on brexit. the only way to deliver brexit is to seek a public mandate perhaps. that is the showdown we are heading to, i think. his intervention showed no attempt from downing street to suggest they we re from downing street to suggest they were trying to get philip hammond on site. they were quite dismissive of philip hammond which shows boris johnson and his government are more concerned with winning public opinion than winning round mps. concerned with winning public opinion than winning round mpsm there any concern he could alienate some sector of public opinion, remain voting conservatives, if he is that dismissive of remains supporting members of the conservative party, remain supporting mps? i think there is a risk of the strategy that boris

johnson is pursuing. the first thing he wants to do in terms of public opinion is reunited leave vote. lots of his appointments in downing street such as dominic cummings, worked on the leaf campaign, he is trying to bring back that 32—48 vote lead voters. a lot of them have left to go to the brexit party. their first task is to get brexit voters back together and hope that popular domestic polities will win round some other running voters. -- domestic policies. the head for our election, ill all those running voters could be a tricky problem. there is much going on but even with the recess, where is it going, does

anyone know? from the broader perspective, it is so difficult to piece others together. mps are in the same place, hedges the set together? this is also the case with theresa may's tymon authors. there we re theresa may's tymon authors. there were a number of votes that came before parliament. there has been some number crunching regarding a general election, can you guess what the earliest date would be to hold thirsty general in the uk? that is bit difficult. it is october the sist. -- bit difficult. it is october the 31st. —— to hold a thursday general election in the uk. that is a fun fa ct. election in the uk. that is a fun fact. american politics. in the us — there's been a warning that a us—uk trade deal will not get through congress

if brexit undermines the good friday agreement. that's according to the speaker of the us house of representatives — democrat nancy pelosi, whose party controls the house. she said the uk's exit from the eu could not be allowed to endanger the irish peace deal. her comments come after the us national security adviser john bolton said the uk would be "first in line" for a trade deal. let's speak to the bbc‘s north america editorjon sopel. this looks like a direct rebuttal of the white house, nancy pelosi saying not so fast on fast tracking that trade deal that jeopardises not so fast on fast tracking that trade deal thatjeopardises the good friday agreement, it will not happen. she says there is no chance of that happening. it is as if she has a giant bucket of ice cold water and poured it all over whatjohn bolton has been saying in the past 48 hours during his trip to london where he said it would be front of the line, parroting what barack

obama had said about going to the back of the queue if we left the eu. john bolton born not be the person negotiating a treaty. the us administration has someone else to do that. it is not in his gift to negotiate a trade deal, secondly, any trade you would have to go through congress. this is notjust about democrats taking the side of the remainers. this is about the irish lobby being very powerful and american politics. if this happens, and it could be very damaging to ireland, the irish lobby will not like that at so nancy pelosi has made it clear, as things stand, if there is nothing about preventing a ha rd there is nothing about preventing a hard border taking place then that is not a chance it will get through congress. that is very interesting about the irish lobby because if we go back to the time of the good

friday agreement, every year, st patrick's day celebration meant half of ireland's trot to washington to lobby and get the right support over there, is it really is still a big deal within the us for the irish— american community? look, when i go to get my assignments this lunchtime, when i queued, i did not hear people saying i am terribly worried about the backstop. but in political circles it is. st patrick's day is still a huge event in washington, dc where the president, vice president and everybody wants to wrap themselves in the green of the irish flag, that is still an important political fact in the us. i think when there is such concern, the us is a cool guarantor of the good friday

agreement, so there will be a lot of pressure not to do anything to jeopardise it. it will be a reality check, if you like, from what we had from john bolton which gave the impression this would go through light and laser beam, i think it will be anything like that. what nancy pelosi has done today is squeeze the brakes. thank you very much for that. one cabinet minister was quoted today saying no deal heart size, the eu and ireland but most of all ireland so that intervention from nancy pelosi will be very well received in dublin i am sure. speaker they did go over to the uk and ireland over easter. she spoke to downing street, the erg and the labour party. she spoke to the dup and people in dublin. i spoke to her after the visit and she said she went with the express intent of

telling them any deal which jeopardises the good friday agreement would not lead to a trade deal which could go through congress. she said it repeatedly to me and in public. when president trump said america cannot be the world's policeman — he was serious. faced with a serious of flare up of tension in hong kong — his administration said today it was a purely internal matter. hong kong is grappling with its tenth week of disruptive, sometimes violent pro democracy protests — they're closely being watched by the chinese government, and many are wondering whether beijing will eventually lose patience and take more direct action. meanwhile in kashmir tensions continue to run high after india's decision to revoke the region's special status. some accuse mr trump of abandoning the longstanding us policy of supporting democracy movements round the world. and at the risk of stating the obvious — something's gotta give. footage of pro democracy activists in hong kong detaining two people — one said to be a journalist from mainland china — has already been given widespread

coverage on chinese state—run media, and led to inevitable condemnation from hong kong's police force. the hong kong police have always facilitated peaceful and orderly protests over the years but the extremely radical and violent acts have certainly crossed the line and are to be most severely condemned. the police pledge to all citizens in hong kong that we will take steps to bring all culprits to justice. but one of the leaders of the pro—democracy movement — joshua wong — says the police tactics are aggravating the situation. when live weapons were used by hong kong riot police, especially one young lady who joined the protest peacefully resulted in permanent blindness. 700 activists and ordinary citizens were arrested after police fired more than 2000 tear gas. itjust triggered more of the discontent of hong kong people to beijing.

here with analysis on the protests is former us defence secretary, william cohen. thank you for coming in. would it make a difference if america were to intervene, the white house were to intervene, the white house were to intervene forcefully and say something to beijing about the hong kong protest? i think it is important to present all states indicate to the president of china that it would be a big mistake to use overwhelming military force suppress this demonstration. when the president says this is purely a local matter, it is purely internal and not for other countries to intervene, that has never been the position of the united states. we intervened in bosnia, kosovo when we saw ethnic cleansing taking place. that was an internal matter but we

a lwa ys that was an internal matter but we always support democratic regimes in countries throughout the world and will speak up on behalf of democracies so i do not think anything happens in isolation. what happens in hong kong sends a signal to all the countries in the asia—pacific region. they will look carefully to see what the role of undertaker and china will be. they we re undertaker and china will be. they were unhappy with the president pulling out of the trans—pacific partnership. they were unhappy with the president having a summit with kim jong—un without having any of the discussions locked—in in preparation for the summit. then to have the massive exercises we have on an annual basis being pulled out, this signals you on your own. for the president to sit on the sidelines and the i hope it works out well, it sends a signal to all the countries in the region. to some

extent he is reflecting us public opinion. we have had 16 years of conflict in the middle east in which america has been engaged, it has not gone well and we are done with being the wilds policeman and anyway will china listen? if it is the united states alone, perhaps not. it is the united states and the eu, perhaps. it is also the asian states, they may well listen? you think a force multiplier effect? yes. by sending a signal to the world that we are concerned about democracy and operation and authoritarian regimes, and when we back often say it is oaky it and when we back often say it is oa ky it is and when we back often say it is oaky it is an internal matter, that isa oaky it is an internal matter, that is a signal which will worry a lot of people. if i canjust comment, i am half irish and diane with nancy pelosi. in the last few minutes, the

us administration has said they are very concerned by the chinese paramilitary movement on the hong kong border. it is important for the hong kong government to respect freedom of speech and freedom of assembly. does that reassure you they are not turning a blind guy? interestingly, that comes from the state department, not the white house. again, who speaks for the white house? the secretary of state oi’ white house? the secretary of state or does the president only speak for the white house? that is part of the confusion. we say we have been enough of the policeman of the world but we do not need to be the policeman, weaken not check back to the united states and watch the world on the bbc or other networks. we have to help shape the world rather than becoming a prisoner of

world events. when we polite, bad things happen. yes, it is a penalty and burden for being the leader of the free world but it means we have to speak out for the core values that we have held about liberty by the rest of the world. thank you very much for coming in. —— when we pull out, bad things happen. there are more curious details surrounding the death of the financierjeffrey epstein. the new york times is reporting today that the prison guards at the new york city jail failed to check up on him for three hours and then falsified the logs. the news comes a day after the warden of the high—security facility was temporarily reassigned and two guards put on administrative leave by the bureau of prisons, pending an investigation. jeffry epstein was facing prosecution for sex trafficking when he was found dead in a suspected suicide. we can now get more form nada tawfik in new york. the extraordinary thing is, this is

not some police custody sale, this isa not some police custody sale, this is a very high security significant detention centre where some of the most significant, alleged criminals are held. it seems beyond belief. absolutely. i think that is why that is so much scrutiny. i have covered many high—profile trials here in new york, as recently as the drug lord who was also housed there. it is considered one of the most secure in the nation so i think that is why you have seen such outrage and why the justice department you have seen such outrage and why thejustice department has said he had to admit there were serious irregularities. you have the guards asleep for nearly three hours, according to law enforcement sources. instead they should have been checking onjeffrey epstein every 30 minutes. that is a severe problem. he was reportedly dead for

about an hour problem. he was reportedly dead for aboutan houror problem. he was reportedly dead for about an hour or two mac before they went into his cell. the fbi has begun the process of trying to interview not only the guards but other staff and review the camera footage to see exactly what happened. i also understand their is a review for the bureau of prisons looking into how psychologists may be determination to takejeffrey at the time of suicide watch, which is one of the questions remaining. tell is about this latest lawsuit, a new york woman who is no suing the estate of jeffrey york woman who is no suing the estate ofjeffrey epstein and his associates. —— who is now. shejust filed this lawsuit this morning, a 16 page complaint. given the sweeping changes from the need to movement, new york has passed this landmark law which gives users a year from today to file lawsuits, no

matter how old the abuse allegations are. her lawsuit is similar to other accusers who have alleged jeffrey edson asked for a massage and recruited them when they were younger and began sexually assaulting them. —— jeffrey eckstein. she said she was recruited outside of her high school and said he promised to help her career and family. she went to his mansion a few times a week for a month until she was contacted by the daughter of robert maxwell who scheduled a meeting with jeffrey robert maxwell who scheduled a meeting withjeffrey epstein alone. that is when the abuse started. she was brutally raped by him into thousand two. we tried to contact gillian maxwell for comment but she was unavailable. thank you very much. that case is clearly not going

away. the us rapper asap rocky has been found guilty of assault in connection with a fight outside a burger bar in stockholm. a swedish court has given him a two—year suspended sentence and ordered him to pay damages to the victim. his team was hoping for a not guilty verdict — throughout the case asap's lawyers stressed that the rapper and his entourage were activing in self defence — and say they're disappointed with the verdict. just before we came on air we got the latest from our correspondent maddy savage in stockholm. if you look at the simple case here, maddy, it's an assault charge and nothing more. yet it's turned into this huge ruckus? it's very rare for an assault case in sweden to get this much global attention. this is one of the most high—profile court cases here in years. what has been concluded today with the judgement is that a$ap rocky and the two codefendants have been found guilty of assault. this all goes back to a fight that they got into at the end ofjune when they were visiting

stockholm as part of a$ap rocky punishment european tour. they got into a fight with a teenager, a$ap rocky was accused of throwing him to the ground, kicking and punching him. and the judgement, which i've got here, from the court which was handed out in swedish and english, suggests that that was the case, and argued against what a$ap rocky's lawyer had said, which was that he and the two codefendants had acted in self—defense. the judgement says there was nothing to suggest they were under any kind of imminent threat of attack at the time the scuffle happened. so maddy, the americans have gotten quite involved in this — donald trump tweeting about it, the administration also sending over its own hostage negotiator. did the presence or interference of americans have any bearing on the outcome of the case, do you think? that is something that has been a huge talking point here in sweden. but officials here have been very keen to point out that sweden has an independent justice system. the prime minister gave an interview a couple of weeks ago,

saying that that remains the case no matter who calls or tweets, because donald trump actually phoned up the swedish prime minister to see if he could get a$ap rocky and the others released pending their trial. but sweden doesn't have a bail system, so you can't pay money to be released while you are waiting for your case to go to court. it was standard procedure that they were kept locked up because they were considered to be a flight risk ahead of their trial. maddy savage, thank you very much for us. when you're campaigning for president, facing serious questions on your vision for the future is part and parcel of the job. the economy. health care. defence. so when one woman, at the iowa state fair asked pete buttigieg whether he'd ride on the giant slide with her 4—year—old son, the democratic hopeful — for once — didn't have to give his response much thought. of course!

a few hours later off he went down the big green—and—yellow structure, which has been an institution of the fair since the 70s. to me, it looks like mayor pete is tilting back a bit to speed up when it's clear he's behind. that is the advantage of having a young candidate. i couldn't help but think of borisjohnson who didn't quite get it right in his former role as mayor of london — when he managed to knock over a 10—year—old child while playing touch rugby in japan. a touch too heavy it would appear. that is very mean. this is beyond 100 days from the bbc. coming up for viewers on the bbc news channel and bbc world news — are you hard wired to wake up before the sun? we'll speak to a nuerologist to find out whether the time we wake up could be dictated by our genes. and more shocking evidence

of the spread of plastic pollution — we'll be taking a look at how plastic particles were discovered in the frozen wastes of the arctic. that's still to come. good evening. it is proving hard to keep up with the weather at the moment. summer is playing hide and seek. today we had the rain, tomorrow we are back with sunshine but only for a day. this is the area of low pressure which brought the wet weather today. this law will bring heavy rain and strong winds to the end of the week keeping things through when they. quite a bit of clout around, much milder in the north—east. overnight lows in

double—figure. thursday will start with some cloud, a much drier day in prospect, a few showers are possible in the morning across england and wales. the majority of the cloud banning back. more cloud in the second half of the team leading into northern ireland, later wins and more sunshine and a warmer feel to proceedings. high teens, up to 23. it isa proceedings. high teens, up to 23. it is a brief respite because here comes the low from friday. a deep of low pressure for this time of wind widely up to 30 mph, up to 40 miles per and heavy rain in most regions. the east gets away with a dry start. in some areas, the totals will mount up in some areas, the totals will mount up of surface water, causing problems of flooding for the evening

rush—hour. strong gas will be damaging and disrupting. top temperature in belfast, up to 20 degrees. fingers crossed this dive off towards the continent for the weekend leaving dry weather for england and wales. low pressure remains so plenty more showers for scotla nd remains so plenty more showers for scotland and northern ireland, some will be quite lively. the winds will bea will be quite lively. the winds will be a defining factor for the weekend. a decent amount of sunshine for many areas but the figures you see behind me indicate this gust of wind, gust up to 50 miles per. # per hour.

you're watching beyond 100 days. with me, katty kay in washington, david eades is in london. our top stories... borisjohnson accuses mps who think they can block brexit of collaborating with the eu. those under fire hit back, calling the prime minister's comments a "wicked lie." china says the violent clashes in hong kong are evidence of "behaviour that is close to terrorism". it's a sign of beijing's rhetoric hardening. also on the programme.... are you a lark or an owl? a new study suggests sleep patterns run in families — we'll hear from the neurologist behind the resarch. plus, the teenager who took an electronics ban into her own hands, with the help of her trusty fridge.

yesterday, we warned you that the market was taking investors on a wild ride and today it continues. after gains yesterday the dow jones industrial is currently down more than 670 points. it fell as much a 700 at one point. the slump is being blamed on warnings of a possible recession, and donald trump is already pointing fingers. joining us now from outside the new york stock exchange is our business correspondent, michelle fleury. i'm going to do you a favour and not ask you to explain an inverted yield curve. however, it does seem that trump delaying tariffs on a range of consumer goods from china — i know, i'll let you off the hook. he delays ta riffs i'll let you off the hook. he delays tariffs in the market is still not happy, what's going on? look, if you wa nt happy, what's going on? look, if you want to talk about the stock market,

these really are the effects, not these really are the effects, not the cause. they are a symptom of a bigger problem, and that is being reflective to are reflected in the data. figures from china show that output there slowed down, showing its weakest growth in 17 years. out of germany, disappointing figures — theirgdp of germany, disappointing figures — their gdp showing it was drinking there. this is raising fears that a global recession is coming —— shrinking there. the numbers shown is why everyone is scared, and add to that this ongoing trade dispute between china in the us which has investors right now running for the exit, despite what seemed to be some good news yesterday. you have laid out the evidence there, but the fact is how many times in the last weeks oi’ is how many times in the last weeks or months have we heard of this market being anxious, a recession is coming? do the bond markets give any better indicator, are they a better barometer than others to suggest

that this time it might be right? see this is my opportunity to give you that bond yield curve explanation. what we've seen... the yield curve on the ten year us treasury bond fell below the yield on the two year. this is important because this has not happened since 2007, and it has been a fairly good indicator the last three times the a recession was on its way. some are dismissing it, that is why there is a concern. dismissing it, that is why there is a concern. the idea behind it being we are suddenly seeing people willing to basically be paid less to hold their money for longer. normally it's the other way around. that means that people don't have confidence in the strength of the economy, both in the us. we are also seeing the same pattern in europe, and concerns in china as well. is for that. you did. i don't know if

it's because michelle was speaking, but in the last few minutes it fall and another 70 points. that is not michelle's fault. we think of snow as being pristine — "pure as the driven snow" goes the saying. but in the arctic, scientists have now found surprising levels of pollution in snowflakes. the microscopic particles of plastic are picked up in moisture from the dirty air over europe and asia and transported to the arctic environment by air currents. researchers have found more than 14,000 tiny particles per litre of melted snow in the high arctic, raising questions about the long term effect it might have on the ecosystem. it follows the discovery last year of microplastics accumulating in arctic sea ice, as roger harrabin reports. the arctic. a place of pristine beauty. smothered with snow, clean and pure. well, that's how it appears, but it's an illusion.

arctic snow is tainted with micro plastics and rubber particles and clothing fibres. given the amount of pollution in the atmosphere, it's perhaps hardly surprising that we're finding micro plastics in snow. but we have such a strong belief in the essential purity of this stuff that some people will find this news rather shocking. dr melanie bergman led the research. the first stage involves a bit of low—tech technology, a dessert spoon and a flask. i think we are not treating our planet very thoughtfully. basically, we produce all this packaging materials, we cover everything in polymer—based varnish, we use a lot of rubber, which we also find in... our aerial samples, snow samples,

and don't even think about what is happening to this in the environment. but few people live here. where on earth do the pollutants come from ? we know that most of what we are analysing up there and measuring are long—transported pollution. coming from the continent, coming from asia, coming from all over the world. and some of these chemicals have properties that are a threat for the ecosystem for living animals. scientists have found that air and sea currents drive pollutants north. last year, we broke the news that arctic sea ice had more micro plastics in the ocean because floating particles get bonded into the ice as it freezes. we found plastic pollution on the arctic beaches. some of this debris had drifted for thousands of miles.

barking. tourists still trek here to experience what appears to be a wilderness, creating their own pollution on the way. how do locals feel about plastic in snow? sad. it's... of course, this is... i'm still young and this is what i have to continue to work with and to make it all better. i'm here to show our pure and clean snow and dogs and the arctic nature. that's what i hope to do for the rest of my life. and if it continues this way, i will not be able to. when i hear that, my heart is crying. i feel really terrible and i'm not satisfied with what i hear. but it wakes me up. it wakes my company up that we have to do something. so, it's not good news, but we must not give up. we must start to fight against this.

what can we do? it is not surprising. and itjust makes you really, really sad. up here, you look around you every day and you see something that is the pristine arctic, as it's called and it's not any more. and we see it every day and it's a really, really sad. here's the truth — there is nowhere on the planet to escape pollution from us. however hard you run. roger harrabin, bbc news, in the norwegian arctic. so what can be done? let's speak to andrea thompson — she's associate editor at scientific american magazine. thanks very much forjoining us. give us examples of the kinds of things that could be done to prevent all those plastic molecules ending up all those plastic molecules ending up in the arctic? so there are a

variety of things on a number of different levels, just from reducing the amount of plastic we use two more long term solutions which would include improving our way systems —— waste systems to prevent plastic from escaping into the arctic. maybe potentially redesigning plastics so that we can create them as what we call our own perpetual feedstock. so rather than making new plastic, we chemically break down the new plastic and turn into new bottles and things like that. andrea, some of this is about our usage and habits, and some of this is about employing and developing better technologies. i was interested to see that japan, for example, technologies. i was interested to see thatjapan, for example, has done something that perhaps other countries could follow in the way that it processes plastic? yes,

apparently they require at least all of their plastic bottles, water bottles, soda bottles — it is a polymer called pet, they require them to be clear. that's because when you colour a plastic, it makes it more difficult for recycles to micro recyclers to break it down and turn into something new. because the more things you add to the original plastic polymer, when you tear that down and melted down to make it re cycled down and melted down to make it recycled plastic, there's a whole mash of chemicals in there. so people who are trying to use that to make a new product don't exactly know what is in there. it would be a bit like trying to bake a cake without knowing all the ingredients are working with. it seems like the potential for technology is huge if it's applied. but where we are today and where everyone is watching, wondering what they can do — there are ideas about banning straws and not using plastic bottles. what is the evidence for what works best? is

it persuasion to change our habits or enforcement? the government surely taking this initiative in making this change? that's a good question. i don't know if we know the answer to that question exactly, andl the answer to that question exactly, and i think it will probably vary from place to place. what may work in britain may not work as well in the us because we have different systems and governments. there is evidence that some of these bands have been introduced in cities and different parts of the world have reduced the amount of plastic debris they are seeing in their area. reduced the amount of plastic debris they are seeing in theirarea. but they are seeing in theirarea. but the question is may be those having a knock on effect. if we aren't using plastic bags, we are using paper ones, using plastic bags, we are using paperones, and using plastic bags, we are using paper ones, and those have effects as well. there are lots of numbers that need to be crunched and studies that need to be crunched and studies that need to be crunched and studies that need to be done to really see what works best to drag out plastic pollution without having unwanted

side effects. andrea thompson, thank you very much forjoining us. a quick update to a story we said yesterday, greta thunberg is on sale —— has set sail and is on her way to new york, she says it is not up to her generation to fix the problem, but to us adults. and i think she's right. most of us moan and groan when our alarm clock goes off at an early hour, but a new study suggests some of us are in fact hard wired to wake up before the sun. known as super larks — these people are not as rare as you may think. iama i am a super lark. science now shows that when we wake up could be dictated by our genes. and it may also run in the family. so who are these superlarks? they include apple's tim cook, who wakes at 3:45am, actress gwyneth paltrow, who starts her day at 4am, michelle obama, who's up and at ‘em at 4:30am, and actor mark wahlberg is up

and ready to go at 2:30am. that's more silly. so for more on the research, we are joined from san francisco by dr louis ptacek, a professor of neurology who led the study. thank you very much, professor. is it good for us to get up this early in the morning? well people talk a lot about how we should sleep and when we should sleep. and one of the important things to come out of our genetic work is what is right for you may not be right for me. so we need to try to listen to our biology and not fight with it in terms of our wake and not fight with it in terms of ourwake up and and not fight with it in terms of our wake up and sleep times. how did you become interested to work out — it may be something that works in the family, it's it may be something that works in the family, its genetic and not necessarily conditioning, but how does that research come together? first of all, let me say that there are some people like dairy farmers

who may not be morning larks, but they live a good part of their lives getting up at 3:30am. that's not necessarily because of their genetics, but the because of the demands of the family, social demands, and other kinds of demands. the people with the familial forms of morning lark behaviours — a woman who came to a sleep lab did not like waking up that early, and she recognised it travelled in her family and brought that to our attention. we began by studying that family, and over the next 20 years we have collected well over 100 families of this sort. i think i would fit into the conditioning side of the equation. i've had to do it so i've gotten used to it. critically, i'm sure kathy would like to know this, is it better to bea like to know this, is it better to be a morning lark or a night owl? there are morbidities associated

with being a night owl. people who are night owls have an increased risk of diabetes and obesity. but i think it is even more important that we live on our biological timing as best we can. and when we are out of phase with what our biology is telling us — for example, shift workers — that has negative health consequences with increased risks of many disorders. professor, thank you very much forjoining us. everyone will be fascinated by this because everybody has obsessions with — i am neurotic about sleep and have to sleep eight hours a night. this week i have to get up at 4am to do early morning television, and i thought i was crazy until i heard your schedule. me and mike wahlberg dashed mark wahlberg are like that. i leave at 4:30am so i have to get earlier than that. 4:30am in the

summer earlier than that. 4:30am in the summer is like a lion, and the sun is up and it is a beautiful start to the day. you like it? you don't buy that at all, do you? know, i think it is time for you to change your shift. comejoin the programme. this is beyond 100 days. still to come: this is one of two ads that have been banned by the uk's advertising regulator. it's a first under new gender stereotyping rules. we'll hear from two experts on the matter, next. tens of thousands of people have been getting their btec results today. last year, more 16 to 18—year—olds in england achieved vocational qualifications compared to a—levels. our business correspondent, steph mcgovern, spent today at a college in boston in lincolnshire where students were getting their results. when it comes to post—16 education, there are thousands of qualifications to choose from.|j

there are thousands of qualifications to choose from. i got the top grades in my health and social care. and now it's at time of yearagain social care. and now it's at time of year again when students are finding out whether they got the grades to secure a job or a place to us secure the next level of education. congratulations, guys! and lydia, tell me what you're doing next? i'm going to study architectural engineering. these guys are some of the millions of people who have been studying for vocational qualifications. everything from magic, sports, bricklaying, competing, health and social care, catering, engineering, scores on. a key pa rt catering, engineering, scores on. a key part of their assessment is all about the practical work they have to do as well as work placements with local employers. last year, more 16—18 —year—olds in england achieved vocational qualifications compared to a levels. funding for the colleges that provided this training has been cut by nearly a third in the last year. boris

johnson said in his first speech as prime minister that he wants to change that. it's significant a more expensive to run further education provision because... without putting the funding end, we won't be able to deliver the skills the country needs. funding is not the only problem, there are over 12,000 vocational qualifications on offer. it is now on the cards to make the system less complex. and for these stu d e nts system less complex. and for these students and teachers now... cheering. all about celebrating! steph mcgovern, bbc news, boston. the uk's advertising watchdog has banned two tv ads under new gender stereotyping rules, in a first for the industry. one commercialfor a cream cheese brand showing two dads leaving a baby on a restaurant conveyor belt was deemed unacceptable. the other offender was an ad for a car brand, in which men worked onboard a space station,

while a woman is left to watch over a pram. so do these commercials have the ability to cause "real harm"? let's get the thoughts of francesca sobande digital media studies lecturer from the university of cardiff, and don lancaster, teaching fellow from the university of bath. thank you both forjoining us. the logical place to start is with the ads, let's start with the philadelphia cheese — i have to say that because it's in the programme. there add, which was banned. let's look at that first. new dad, too? mm—hmm. wow, look at this lunch. yeah, hard to choose. this looks good. that's really good. that's the philadelphia. hmm? gender stereotype. what you think of that? i think the intention of the asa to try and make sure that advertising is balanced is absently

correct and valid. i do think that they've slightly missed the point with both these ads. the reason i say it in regard to that add is actually, men looking after children is probably not gender stereotypical in the way the ruling suggests. francesca, what do you make of that? there are 128 complaints about it, so it struck a chord somewhere. there is a certain stereotyping there presumably about men incapable of looking after their little ones? i think what is difficult here is it goes without saying, roles related to gender stereotyping and advertising suggest that they can influence self perception and how people treat them in society. what is tricky is the difference of opinion regarding what constitutes gender stereotyping in advertising. i think it's not necessarily about who is depicted in this advertising, but how they are depicted. sometimes

these stereotypes are implicit, is not always a very obvious traditional stereotype. it may be the role of humour that seems as if it's trivial without significant social implications. but when we look closer, what we see in this case is to parents unable to care for children, would people find it as funny if it was two women being represented? who as funny if it was two women being represented ? who knows? as funny if it was two women being represented? who knows? i'm sure if it was two women being represented, people would not find that add funny at all. let me just play for the other one, the car add, the vw add. inspirational music stereotyping again, the men doing things like flying up in space and running bases, and the woman sitting

with a pram? if you look carefully at the people climbing the wall, they were a couple, a man and woman. there were actually three people in the spaceship, and one of them, we are unsure of their gender. but again, ithink are unsure of their gender. but again, i think it is slightly overstepping the mark. i think the asa are really worried about the sorts of negative pressure they can come from social media. and i think they're being overly cautious in that case. correct me if i'm wrong, but i think we probably find that most mothers are female, and it isn't really wrong to depict someone reading a book thought. reading a book there... isn't really wrong to depict someone reading a book there... but isn't it the point that the woman is always depicted looking after the baby, why not have a dad sitting on that bench? it's not that mothers are women. . . bench? it's not that mothers are women... the cheese add was the men looking after the baby. but the dads they are negligent, they're not

sitting peacefully watching a pram. there is something about stereotyping both. debts can't look after babies, and mums can't run races. i'm not sure that that holds. i take the point particularly about the cheese add, i think there are probably more serious concerns with it. i'm not sure that health and safety would be happy with babies left on carousels. but that's a different issue. i think in the case of the car advertisement, it is clearly trying to overall project balance. yes there is a mother looking after her child, but that is normal. cannot just looking after her child, but that is normal. cannotjust stop you there, because i wanted to bring francesca in as well. there were three complaints about that vw advertisement, and the advertising standards authority talks about serious or widespread offence. it doesn't feel like it was because they are, but look at social media and half the people think this is a

load of cots wallop, other half thinks there is a case to answer. but on the vw advert, if there is no real interesting complaining, should there be a band? i think they are interested in complaining, so we are seeing higher levels of complaints. the other thing for consideration is how many complaints constitutes a significant amount? for the time being, at least the fact that there are people taking issue with these adverts tells us they are having societal changes regarding impressions to do with gender identity and gender roles, and actors often —— adverts often don't reflect this. in relation to stereotyping, we have a nuanced approach to the different experiences and identities with gender as well as race, class, and ethnic backgrounds, which of course impact of various stereotypes that are associated with different groups. so i think there is room for

improvement, sure, any new rule will involve some wiggle room. there are times for rules to be revisited or changed and revised in the future. but what isn't up for debate as far as i'm concerned is that the rules are valid. we have to leave it there. thank you both very much, this is when people are talking about. as the mother of a teenage girl myself, i know all too well that sometimes, you've just got to put your foot down when it comes to screen time. and that's exactly what one girl called dorothy's mum did — enforcing an electronics ban for her daughter. good plan, you might think. except dorothy had other ideas. for mobile phones are not the only way we can talk to the world these days. the ariana grande fan went on to tweet from unlikely devices, including two games consoles before resorting to her smart fridge, writing...

this is so timely, my 13—year—old daughter has had her phone confiscated for the last week. our fits does not do that. see you tomorrow! good evening, it's proving hard to keep up with the weather at the moment. excimer is playing hide and seek. one day it's here, the next it looks like it's gone. today we had the rain, so tomorrow we are back with some sunshine. but only really for a day. this is the area of low pressure. this ridge of high pressure. this ridge of high pressure is what will clear things for tomorrow. this lobe will bring heavy rain and widespread strong winds. the end of the week and keeping things windy through the weekend. overnight most of us becoming dry. quite a bit of clout around, misty and murky. much milder in the northeast, overnight lows in double figures where it has been pretty chilly in recent nights. thursday will start with cloud, but

a much drier day in prospect. a few showers possible through the morning across england and wales, with the majority of the cloud burning back in the afternoon, perhaps a bit more clout for the second half of the day moving into northern ireland with the odd shower. later winds, much more sunshine, and a warm proceedings. high teens to low 20s, perhaps up to 23 celsius in the southeast of england. but it is quite a preaddressed bite, because here comes the loafer friday. a deep area of low pressure for this time of year, we are talking about gusts of year, we are talking about gusts of wind widely up to 30 mph, up to 35-40 of wind widely up to 30 mph, up to 35—40 mph in exposure, and heavy rainfor 35—40 mph in exposure, and heavy rain for all areas. for 35—40 mph in exposure, and heavy rainforallareas. forsome 35—40 mph in exposure, and heavy rain for all areas. for some areas, it looks like our front may even stall across the southeast of wales, with totals amounting and surface water and rush—hour. gusts potentially disruptive and destructive. our top temperature in

belfast up to 20 celsius. fingers crossed this front will die off towards the start of the content this weekend. leaving dry weather behind for england and wales, the low pressure is still there whirling away, so plenty more showers for scotla nd away, so plenty more showers for scotland and northern ireland, some of them pretty lively. the wind is the big defining factorfor the weekend, there will be a decent amount of sunshine for many areas. at the figures you see in the black circles behind me indicate the gust strengths. sunday could be even windier than friday, gusts of up to 00:58:33,570 --> 4294966103:13:29,430 50 mph.