this is bbc world news, the headlines. financial markets have beenin headlines. financial markets have been in turmoil after president trump said he is ordering us companies to look at ways to close their operations in china and make more of their products in america. it comes after china said it would impose additional tariffs on us imports. global stock markets fall with the dowjones industrial average losing more than 600 points, london's ftse 100 and the german london's ftse100 and the german market also turn negative. several leaders have said they are prepared to describe huge trade deals with south america on this brazil takes action to curb the raging forest fires in the amazon. in russia has launched the world's first floating nuclear power station in the arctic in spite of concerns of

environmentalists, it's now on a voyage to russia's far east. well, at ten o'clock rita will be here with a full round up of the day's news, first though it's time for weather watch. this time, on what the world. it's hot and it is getting hotter. scientists predict more frequent extreme heat waves we look at how rising temperatures affect how we live, work and travel. i will be investigating how extreme heat cripples our railways, and when travelling underground sometimes it seems like a test of human endurance. and i'm looking at how raising temperatures impact our homes, and what is being done to make them more heat resistant. and how the way we build homes can be much kinder to the environment. also

coming up. the world's biggest storms in the destruction they bring. landslides and flash floods as extreme rainfall becomes more common. and freak weather that brings hail as deep as snowdrifts. plus, how raising sea temperatures are impacting wildlife around scotland's shetland islands. so temperatures are going up a bit, and just a small change in temperatures have a big impact on the food. summer in europe, but not as we have ever known it. a heat wave sees france shatter its all—time record

hitting nearly 46 celsius. and the extreme heat to keep coming injuly, another heatwave and this time paris itself sets a new record along with new high temperatures in germany, belgium, the netherlands. and the uk. the city of cambridge records 38.7 celsius. climate scientists we re 38.7 celsius. climate scientists were under could be worse to come as he west become more likely and more extreme because of climate change. the baseline temperature has increased by about 1 the baseline temperature has increased by about1 degrees globally since preindustrial times, and it's that level thatjust means in normal conditions we would see heatwave conditions at temperatures around just above average, but you add that extra layer of heat on and that's when we start to break those records. and now one uk climate scientist has devised a new way of showing how much the world, and the parts of it we live in have warmed. climate stripes, a coloured stripe

representing each year possibly average temperatures since the 18805. average temperatures since the 1880s. these are the global stripes showing clearly how they progress from blue to red and left to right as temperatures have warmed over time. this is how australia looks, it's the work of professor ed hawkins of reading university who wa nted hawkins of reading university who wanted to find a clearer way of communicating climate change. and with heat some wildfires, but it seems like this in the arctic circle are described by experts as unprecedented. there have been hundreds of fires from siberia to northern scandinavia, greenland and alaska. ginnjrloan northern scandinavia, greenland and alaska. ginn jr loan there northern scandinavia, greenland and alaska. ginnjr loan there is estimated that the fires released 50 megatons of carbon dioxide, the equivalent of sweden's annual carbon output. and on the uk's how to stay on record fire and chaos on the ra i lwa ys on record fire and chaos on the railways downed power lines and fires of broken down trains. it

became almost impossible to travel long distances this is what extreme heat can do to rail lines, it's a problem not going anywhere as he waves become more extreme. “— problem not going anywhere as he waves become more extreme. —— heat waves. to find out what can be done to keep us moving during heat waves i've come to heritage railway here in essex we have been granted safe access to the tracks while trains are not running here. with me is calvin, a chartered engineer who was done a lot of research into this, hello. tell us why railways, the metal in hot weather don't make a happy couple at times. rails will expand in the hot weather and contracted the cold weather, so you have to cope with the expanding, if they expand they will force themselves together and they can't go anywhere, so then that stop that. it's a very dangerous situation. yes indeed, you can have derailments. it's a very dangerous situation. yes indeed, you can have derailmentslj gotan indeed, you can have derailmentslj got an example here of a rail, but i

can see that there is little joy in here and there is a gap. now, what is that doing? when the rail expands that takes up the expansion, originally these to have 20 metre rails, and so there were regular gaps in the rails which would cope with expansion very well. but that was the problem mechanically because the rails were hitting that gap in the rails were hitting that gap in the rails, and causing a lot of maintenance problems and noises as well. they introduced continuous welded rail which is three times the length, but obviously that causes more expansion so length, but obviously that causes more expansion so you have to deal with that in a different way. you're telling me in the old days we could deal with heat better than now? yes. how did you get all around that problem of long stretches of rail? when you put on the rail you stretch it so it 27 degrees it has no stress in the rail, so when it gets hotter you're putting less expansion in

throughout because it's already stretched and when it gets colder the rail will shrink, but you cannot haveit the rail will shrink, but you cannot have it shrink too much otherwise you get the rail cracking. those sorts of temperatures but now being pushed to limited by how our heat waves a re pushed to limited by how our heat waves are getting? absolutely because it 27 degrees decided our previous weather patterns but now we are getting weather patterns 5 degrees more and so we perhaps need to review that but the culture when the rails would contract. what are the rails would contract. what are the things can be done to keep things at chuckle here as cool as possible? what they have been trying is painting the rails with white paint which reduces the temperatures by five to 10 degrees, but you also have the ballast which is another problem because they actually gets hot in the sun as well. i think causes the whole environment around the rail to be hot. ultimately you wa nt to the rail to be hot. ultimately you want to try and keep the sun's heat off of this environment and that is the key. yes, stop it getting hot.

rather than dealing with it when it gets hot. thank you. we will be back later on but shift our focus now to the underground railway network where if you have travelled on it it can get incredibly hot during heat wave and what can be done about that colby will find out. —— we will find out. as a bounce to be struck about energy consumption and new homes and how to keep them warm in the chapter drops and cool when it rises. recent report from the uk committee for climate change said that homes are not fit for the future, and the quality and design had to improve to address the climate challenges. there are huge residential tower block which is currently being built in croydon. i've come inside one of the completed apartments here within the completed apartments here within the tower blocks, and have come to meetjohn fleming, the chairman of these modular systems. talk me through some of the major design

features of this building. it's a 546 apartment building, and its 44 stories high and is built with our modular system. so when you are designing something like this, how much at the forefront of your mind is climate change and specifically the rising temperature? climate change is always a major issue. 0verheating is the real problem and in apartments in london currently. karen is very busy building site and there's lots of traffic to. it's really quiet here in the apartment so really quiet here in the apartment so well soundproofed. talk to me about the walls and how they work in terms of the insulation. the external wall is made up of two firebirds in the inside for fire protection and that we have 200 mm of insulation, and then we have a fire board again, and on the outside and then we have a cavity and the we have the external cladding finish

which in this case is a terra—cotta finish. they gives us very good energy value in the wall but not alone does he give us a good energy value but a very good other value. like sound. it's contributing a lot to the overall standard of the building. wejust to the overall standard of the building. we just recently recorded the highest temperature ever in the uk but also as you were saying temperatures can get quite cold in the winter as well so how do you balance keeping things warm enough in the winter and cool enough during the summer? temperature change is quite small. for instance last week when it was 36 degrees here outside it was probably 20 or 21 degrees inside without any artificial cooling. in the winter we would expect the reverse to happen when it's zero temperature outside, we would expect to be 15 degrees minimum inside and the important issue with energy values nowadays is

the, to cool a building it takes three times the amount of energy that it does to heat a building. and it's not just about the that it does to heat a building. and it's notjust about the materials you're using here with the glass and insulation but also about the manufacturing process, and a little bit later in the programme will be taking more of a look at that process of construction of this modular tower block. we are getting better at building homes to withstand severe weather. but sometimes weather is just too wild. cyclone funny betters the east coast of india. in this capital the crane was brought crashing down severe wins, this was the strongest cyclone to hit here since 2013. in the usa, the first hurricane of the season is

barry, hitting louisiana injuly bringing flash floods to new 0 rlea ns. bringing flash floods to new 0rleans. in august, this typhoon hits eastern china, buildings are swept away in a severe flooding that follows a nd swept away in a severe flooding that follows and more than 50 people are killed. still in china, and a terrifying moment of a landslide hitting the road in this province in june. when members rescued, but later died from his injuries. greece injuly, later died from his injuries. greece in july, and tourist later died from his injuries. greece injuly, and tourist try to shelter ina injuly, and tourist try to shelter in a hotel bar as violent storm slams here in the north of the country. seven people, including six tourists were killed as the storm swept through the area. look at the size of that! in the uk it has not just been record heat, but severe

storms and flash flooding. these scenes from the orchard dales at the end ofjuly as roads become rivers after a month's with the rain fell injust four hours. after a month's with the rain fell in just four hours. —— worth of rain. and catastrophe in derbyshire as the heavy rain leads to collapse as the heavy rain leads to collapse a part of the dam, urgent repairs make it safe but in any time more than a thousand people in nearby ridge had to leave their homes. earlier, in june, ridge had to leave their homes. earlier, injune, the ligature for the brunt of days of heavy rain as the brunt of days of heavy rain as the river burst its banks, millions of litres of water were unleashed flooding the town on a scale not seen flooding the town on a scale not seenin flooding the town on a scale not seen in living mentoring. —— memory. type your weather watch your pictures from the how to stay on record july the 25th, when temperatures soared to 38.7 celsius in cambridge. it's the waves are predicted become more frequent with higher temperatures plummet scientists warned it may only be a

matter of time when the uk hits 40 degrees the first time. she was the weather where you are by becoming a bbc weather watcher and set up online at bbc that code that uk slash weather watchers. still to come on weather world. all at sea, matt taylor looks for the impact of rising sea temperatures around scotland's shetland isles. and good a nswe rs scotland's shetland isles. and good a nswers to scotland's shetland isles. and good answers to heatwave hell on london public underground actually lie overground? public underground actually lie overg round ? this public underground actually lie overground? this time on weather world, real looking rising temperatures and how they impact how we live, work and travel. i am inside what will be, when completed, the world's told us modular tower block, earlier we look to some of the materials used in this tower block, but now john the materials used in this tower block, but nowjohn willjoin us again to explain a little bit about the concept. john, tell me about this off—site manufacturing process of this modular build. off-site

manufacturing is what we do in our bedford factory, we use conventional building materials and assemble them ina building materials and assemble them in a factory environment, and on the carousel that moves around a factory, so we use much less energy in doing so. in they are transported to site in a truck and erected on—site. to site in a truck and erected on-site. so once complete there will be 546 apartments this block, so how many modules is that? that's 1520 many modules is that? that's1520 modules, a typical one bed apartment is to modules. the apartment we are currently in has a living room which is one module and second module has a kitchen, a bathroom and a bedroom as part of one module. so on—site they are 95% completed when they come to side, and then it takes to a man for come to side, and then it takes to a manfora come to side, and then it takes to a man for a couple of days to tidy them and put it out again. so we are thinking about climate change and

environment of sustainability what makes this sort of system more environmentally friendly than conventional building? it's much more environmentally friendly because it is factory assembled. has a 80% saving on waste, we recycle 9796 a 80% saving on waste, we recycle 97% of waste. so all of that efficiency plus the transport to site leads to a 50% reduction in c02. 50% reduction in c02, that is a huge saving. where those savings come from? it's a build-up of much more efficient method of construction and effector environment. much less use of energy and the less waste we spoke about, and the less waste we spoke about, and of course the vehicle moments aside which is 80% of normal vehicle movements. thank you for showing us around your latest project. it is not just warming

around your latest project. it is notjust warming up on land, but at sea as notjust warming up on land, but at sea as well. research shows the temperature across the north sea has risen to 1.5 degrees in the last 40 yea rs risen to 1.5 degrees in the last 40 years and that's affecting fishing around scotland's shetland islands as matt taylor has been finding out. fish that have been traditionally caught in these waters for generations are moving towards colder seeds further north. meanwhile, fish preferring warmer waters are starting to thrive around shetland. alan has been fishing these waters for 38 years, and in that time he's noticed a lot of changes. a lot more cod ten or 15 yea rs changes. a lot more cod ten or 15 years ago you would not of seen it. we are trying to get crab, a lot less of them around and more lobsters. so probably when one moves in another moves out. the climate is massive. a lot of people blame overfishing but one of the biggest things is natural causes. changes

around or make it tougherfor the island's most popular sea birds. they say it's a sharp decline here to the number of warming waters, since 1981 is in a 90% decrease in the number of these alone. what he think the main factor is behind those numbers? availability. the sea temperature just goes up a bit and does a small change in temperature it has a big impact on the food. they go as far away as montrose, and that's hundreds and hundreds of miles and it would be like me going to glasgow to get my t. and now back in time to what seems like another world. a london underground poster from the 1920s suggesting that to

escape a heat wave above ground you would find it much cooler below ground. fast forward almost a century and anyone who travels london's to network now knows the train's deep underground can become unbearably hot in a heat wave. train's deep underground can become unbearably hot in a heat wavem train's deep underground can become unbearably hot in a heat wave. it is so unbearably hot in a heat wave. it is so unbelievably hot down here, and it's by far the worst of all the two blinds. actually it makes you feel ill. more fans and cooling systems using ground water are being put in place to try to make a difference. to find a way to get so hot on the underground work to be done about it i have taken a step back in time here at the railway to a classic underground carriage built in the late 1950s and withdrawn from service around 2000, this trend has carried a lot of passengers in its time and with me again as calvin, a chartered engineer looking into all of this week at your own ideas about how to solve this problem, why do you think it gets so hot in the underground network? welcome most

people think of the underground section that is hot, but actually the train gains more heat on the surface, for example when i was travelling on the central line between epping on the surface at 430 or five o'clock in the evening, the temperatures rise significantly. you're talking with the lines that start overground you're talking with the lines that sta rt overg round and you're talking with the lines that start overground and then go underground. it's like a car, when the sun shines on your car, the bodywork gets hot to come over that's not a problem because the air condition it but as soon as you carry that heat into the tunnel it's like a massive storage radiator. what can be done about that? for the bodywork you paint it with solar reflective paint. the navy have done this with their warships in the same battleship grey and they have actually reduced the surface temperatures by 15 to 20 degrees.

you are still going to get the sunshine into the windows. absolutely, but if you still put solar reflective glass here and reduce it by 84% here dental for percent. that's why the london underground was marketing itself as a place to go to keep cool during a heat wave. write him a well if you ta ke heat wave. write him a well if you take the glasgow subway you can go down there and keep cool because it's all underground. what happened in the early years of the london underground was an underground section only they decided to it to the suburbs on the overground and that's when they started to develop a problem. and in the greenhouse effects them. absolutely. good to talk to you and hear your ideas about getting to grips on heat on underground trains. if it is not heat causing problems it's flooding.

in india, injuly, mumbai sees its heaviest monsoon rains in a decade. and later in the month, more than 1000 people had to be rescued from this train as it became stranded in a flood. this year's monsoon came late but still produce significant and deadly flooding. the tornado sirens are blaring here. you need to move it. you need to move right now, thatis move it. you need to move right now, that is coming straight out you. this more than 300 20 was in the usa breaking number for more consecutive days with at least eight tornadoes. and if one tornado is bad enough, this twin twister was caught on camera during the same outbreak. the same storms bring flash flooding to 0klahoma leaving these homes teetering on the edge of the flooded river. a tornado over water looks

like this, and it is called a waterspout, amazing video of one off the coast of the mediterranean island of corsica injuly. waterspouts tend to be weaker than land—based tornadoes. germany, in june, and to cover if you can as this boat is caught in a powerful hailstorm and a bavarian lake. he think he would be safer in a car, but not when the hail is this big. cracks appear in the windscreen of this car in a storm in france. and now, to snow. but hold on, there's someone now, to snow. but hold on, there's someone there in a sleeveless top so it cannot be colder, because this is summer in the mexican city of guadalajara. this is actually the aftermath of the massive of hailstorm, more than a metre deep in places, when it comes to hail does not get much more freak than this. this, though it is snow, and yes

these are kangaroos. the two are not options seen together but these scenes come from australia and new south wales in august, with the most severe winter storms here in years. three, two, one. we have lift off. and finally, in the year of the 50th anniversary of the moon landings, could mars be the next giant leap for humankind? if so, it's good to know what whether we can expect. elizabeth introduces us to an average day on the red planet. mars has weather, but not as we know it. the atmosphere is around 100 times thinner than that of earth so woodwinds with up on the martian surface reaching 100 mph it feels like a gentle breeze. you don't need an umbrella on mars either, and hasn't rained for millions of years but martian snow, high up in the atmosphere is not completely out of the question. now, another

southerner day awaits us in the southern hemisphere, set to warm up significantly after an overnight low of —80 celsius, temperatures will climb rapidly to a ball meat 20 celsius. around midday and that's a dazzling range of 100 degrees. by contrast, in the northern hemisphere winter is biting hard and close the daytime high will be only minus 125 celsius, meanwhile on the equator -21 celsius, meanwhile on the equator —21 celsius and good visibility in sunshine and warnings of moderate radiation around the gala crater. and back on here on earth, it's the end of another weather world, but you can find more in line for including highlights our previous episodes at bbc dot code at uk slash weather world. look out for another weather world later in the year. and

whatever the weather, keep checking the forecast. hello there, we are looking ahead to a very warm weekend for many of us, still a few question marks with my day public forecast which is a bank holiday for many of us but through saturday and sunday in the warmest spot still expecting those temperatures to reach 30 celsius and warmer than it has been for a number of weeks. high pressure across europe and the winds coming in from age generally southeast direction for much of the country but on saturday of this weather front out towards the west of the uk bringing slightly thicker cloud and it will be dry everywhere but ran at times

pushing into the scottish highlands and may a bit of that rain for a time in northern ireland and counties. away from that front of the morning cloud and miss burning off, and! the morning cloud and miss burning off, and i will be left with prolonged spells of sunshine and hot weather then reaching temperatures ofa high weather then reaching temperatures of a high of 30 celsius. for sunday pots are forecast the weather front across western areas and it is running into an area of high pressure but nevertheless it will continue to focus some cloud across western parts, and again there could be showers dotted around as well. further east, the weather dry with more whist bringing lengthy cells of sunshine is another hot day coming up. temperatures reaching a high of 24 degrees in edinburgh and newcastle in 24 as well for cardiff with heights up to 30 degrees in london. still some uncertainty with the forecast for monday which is a bank holiday for many of us and the uncertainty is tied up with this pa rt uncertainty is tied up with this part of the jet stream, it's a cut

off low they could form across siberia or across southern england and that will have some subtle changes with the forecast and potentially for monday. we think for monday most of us will be a dry day with sunshine and spells becoming warm again. now we may see with sunshine and spells becoming warm again. now we may see some showers from across southern parts of england if the cut off low as across siberia temperatures could go as high as 32 or 33 degrees over the time being we think probably upper 20s is most likely the weather front coming to western scotland where there the petition for that to slow down so it could stay dry in northwest scotland so there are changes with the weather picture and over the next few days before we get into monday itself. beyond that the jet stream got this trough pattern is going to be moving in across the uk and ultimately that will bring a change to cooler and fresher conditions and that change will be brought about by some rain or showers. tuesday it was a front moving in western parts of the uk

bringing abrasive rain or perhaps a few showers ahead of that, you will notice temperatures dropping across these northwest areas on tuesday and highs of around 20 for example in edinburgh, and it's still quite warm at this stage across eastern areas of england. temperatures drop away as the week goes by and towards the middle part of the week again we could be looking at for their showers breaking out just could be looking at for their showers breaking outjust about anywhere in the air will continue to cool off for many of us and temperatures the highest chemist across eastern england and for the north and west generally high teens to low 20s for the temperatures midweek. we are going to see some changes with the weather picture after hot weekend and look at rain or showers moving in, temperatures easing basque look as normal but still doubts about the exact timing of the change and there could be some changes with the weather picture as we look at the forecast going into monday as well. that's her latest weather, have a great weekend.

tonight at ten, international dismay as the amazon rainforest burns, and condemnation of brazil's leader for allowing it to happen. thousands of fires are blazing — they happen naturally by lightning strikes, but also by farmers clearing land. low humidity and strong winds add to the challenge, as sometimes the fire can spread as fast as 30 or 40 km/h. fears now for the amazon — a crucial source of the planet's oxygen. france and ireland are now threatening to block a major eu trade deal with south america, and the fires will be top of the agenda at a summit of leaders this weekend. also tonight: whistle blows. a minute's silence for pc andrew harper, who died in the line of duty.