the the coast of dunkirk in france. the french prefecture that covers that pa rt french prefecture that covers that part of the coast says it safely rescued the migrants and all of them are well and are currently being cared for. now it's time for a look at the weather. what a lovely picture behind you. did you know about peer that is behind you? 0h, oh, i 0h, ithink oh, i think it is brighton! there are somebody there, maybe we should ask her. we will go with blackpool. it is sunny, anyway. there is a lot of fine, hazy weather out there today, a bit more clarity around them yesterday for the channel islands, parts of south—west england, western areas of wales. some of the cloud may push towards

blackpool on the coast through this afternoon. high temperatures will be in the low 30s for eastern and south east england. it will be a part —— a hot day pretty much anywhere. fog patches developing along with more cloud across the western side of the uk tonight. temperatures write about the mid into tomorrow morning, there will be bad visibility and poker run, particularly in western parts of the uk. that will slowly improve. a lot of fine, hazy sunshine to come again. a shower possibility to caudal, rain pitching into the western isles, most of us will have a dry day in the sunshine. very hot. it will turn gradually cooler as we go through the week ahead. hello, this is bbc news with shaun ley. the headlines... president trump and borisjohnson meet for a working breakfast at the g7 summit — with thepromise of "a very big trade deal" after brexit.

we are going to do a fantastic deal. once we clear up some of the obstacles once we clear up some of the o bsta cles in once we clear up some of the obstacles in our path. as far as the uk and the united states, we are working on a very big trade deal and i think it's going to work out very well. the prime minister will discuss brexit later with the eu council president. the uk's biggest airports will install 3—d baggage scanners to make security checks quicker. now on bbc news, weather world. nick miller and sarah keith lucas round up the world's most extreme and significant weather events of recent months, including record—breaking heatwaves. this time, on weather world... it's hot and it is getting hotter. scientists predict more frequent extreme heat waves. we look at how rising temperatures affect how we live, work and travel.

i will be investigating how extreme heat cripples our railways, and when travelling underground sometimes it seems like a test of human endurance. and i'm looking at how raising temperatures impact our homes, and what is being done to make them more heat resistant. and how the way we build homes can be much kinder to the environment. also coming up. the world's biggest storms and the destruction they bring. landslides and flash floods as extreme rainfall becomes more common. and freak weather that brings hail as deep as snowdrifts. plus, how rising sea temperatures are impacting wildlife around scotland's shetland islands. so temperatures are going up a bit, and just a small change in temperatures have a big impact on the food.

summer in europe, but not as we have ever known it. a heat wave sees france shatter its all—time record hitting nearly 46 celsius. and the extreme heat keeps coming in july, another heatwave and this time paris itself sets a new record along with new high temperatures in germany, belgium, the netherlands. and the uk. the city of cambridge records 38.7 celsius. climate scientists warn there could be worse to come as heatwaves become more likely and more extreme because of climate change. the baseline temperature has increased by about! degrees globally since preindustrial times, and it's that level thatjust means

in normal conditions we would see heatwave conditions at temperatures around just above average, but you add that extra layer of heat on and that's when we start to break those records. and now one uk climate scientist has devised a new way of showing how much the world, and the parts of it we live in, have warmed. climate stripes, a coloured stripe representing each year possibly average temperatures since the 1880s. these are the global stripes showing clearly how they progress from blue to red and left to right as temperatures have warmed over time. this is how australia looks, it's the work of professor ed hawkins of reading university who wanted to find a clearer way of communicating climate change. and with heat waves come wildfires, but it seems like this in the arctic circle are described by experts as unprecedented.

there have been hundreds of fires from siberia to northern scandinavia, greenland and alaska. it's estimated that the fires released 50 megatons of carbon dioxide, the equivalent of sweden's annual carbon output. and on the uk's hottest day chaos on the railways downed power lines and broke down trains. it became almost impossible to travel long distances this is what extreme heat can do to rail lines, it's a problem not going anywhere as heatwaves become more extreme. to find out what can be done to keep us moving during heat waves i've come to heritage railway here in essex. we've been granted safe access to the tracks while trains are not running here. with me is calvin, a chartered engineer who was done a lot of research into this, hello. tell us why railways, the metal in hot weather don't make a happy couple at times. rails will expand in

the hot weather and contract in the cold weather, so you have to cope with the expanding, if they expand they will force themselves together and they can't go anywhere, so then that stop that. it's a very dangerous situation. yes indeed, you can have derailments. i got an example here of a rail, but i can see that there is little join in here and there is a gap. now, what is that doing? when the rail expands that takes up the expansion, originally these to have 20 metre rails, and so there were regular gaps in the rails which would cope with expansion very well. but that was the problem mechanically because the wheels were hitting that gap in the rails, and causing a lot of maintenance problems and noises as well. they introduced continuous welded rail which is three times the length, but obviously that causes

more expansion so you have to deal with that in a different way. you're telling me in the old days we could deal with heat better than now? yes. how did you get all around that problem of long stretches of rail? when you put on the rail you stretch it so it 27 degrees it has no stress in the rail, so when it gets hotter you're putting less expansion in throughout because it's already stretched and when it gets colder the rail will shrink, but you cannot have it shrink too much otherwise you get the rail cracking. those sorts of temperatures are now being pushed to limited by how hot our heat waves are getting? absolutely because at 27 degrees our previous weather patterns but now we are getting weather patterns 5 degrees more and so we perhaps need to review that. what are the things can be done to keep things here as cool as possible? what they have been trying is painting the rails with white paint which reduces the temperatures

by five to 10 degrees, but you also have the ballast which is another problem because they actually get hot in the sun as well. i think causes the whole environment around the rail to be hot. ultimately you want to try and keep the sun's heat off of this environment and that is the key. yes, stop it getting hot. rather than dealing with it when it gets hot. thank you. we will be back later on but now we shift our focus now to the underground railway network where if you have travelled on it it can get incredibly hot during heat wave and what can be done about that we will find out. sarah: there's a balance to be struck about energy consumption and new homes and how to keep them warm when the temperature drops and cool when it rises. recent report from the uk committee for climate change said that homes are not fit for the future, and the quality

and design had to improve to address the climate challenges. this huge residential tower block is currently being built in croydon. i've come inside one of the completed apartments here within the tower blocks, and have come to meet john fleming, the chairman of these modular systems. talk me through some of the major design features of this building. it's a 546 apartment building, and its 44 storeys high and is built with our modular system. so when you are designing something like this, how much at the forefront of your mind is climate change and specifically the rising temperature? climate change is always a major issue. overheating is the real problem and in apartments in london currently. this is a very busy building site and there's lots of traffic too. it's really quiet here in the apartment so well soundproofed.

talk to me about the walls and how they work in terms of the insulation. the external wall is made up of two fireboards in the inside for fire protection and that we have 200 mm of insulation, and then we have a fire board again, and on the outside and then we have a cavity and the we have the external cladding finish which in this case is a terra—cotta finish. they gives us very good energy value in the wall but not alone does it give us a good energy value but a very good other value. like sound. the external wall is noncombustible. it's contributing a lot to the overall standard of the building. we just recently recorded the highest temperature ever in the uk but also as you were saying temperatures can get quite cold in the winter as well so how do you balance keeping things warm enough in the winter and cool enough during the summer? temperature change is quite small.

for instance last week when it was 36 degrees here outside it was probably 20 or 2! degrees inside without any artificial cooling. in the winter we would expect the reverse to happen when it's zero temperature outside, we would expect to be 15 degrees minimum inside and the important issue with energy values nowadays is to cool a building it takes three times the amount of energy that it does to heat a building. and it's not just about the materials you're using here with the glass and insulation but also about the manufacturing process, and a little bit later in the programme will be taking more of a look at that process of construction of this modular tower block. nick: we are getting better at building homes to withstand severe weather. but sometimes weather is just too wild.

cyclone foni batters the east coast of india. in the capital the crane was brought crashing down severe wins, this was the strongest cyclone to hit here since 2013. in the usa, the first hurricane of the season is barry, hitting louisiana injuly bringing flash floods to new o rlea ns. in august, this typhoon hits eastern china, buildings are swept away in a severe flooding that follows and more than 50 people are killed. still in china, and a terrifying moment of a landslide hitting the road in this province in june. when members rescued, but later died from his injuries. greece injuly, and tourists try to shelter in a hotel bar as violent storm slams here in the north of the

country. seven people, including six tourists were killed as the storm swept through the area. look at the size of that! in the uk it has notjust been record heat, but severe storms and flash flooding. these scenes at the end ofjuly as roads become rivers after a month's worth of rain fell in just four hours. and catastrophe avoided in derbyshire as the heavy rain leads to collapse a part of the dam, urgent repairs make it safe but in any time more than a thousand people in nearby whaley bridge had to leave their homes. earlier, injune, there were days of heavy rain as this river burst its banks, millions of litres of water were unleashed flooding the town on a scale not seen in living memory.

time for some weather watcher pictures. onjuly the 25th, when temperatures soared to 38.7 celsius in cambridge. scientists warned it may only be a matter of time when the uk hits a0 degrees the first time. show us the weather where you are by becoming a bbc weather watcher and set up online at the bbc. still to come on weather world. all at sea, matt taylor looks for the impact of rising sea temperatures around scotland's shetland isles. and could answers to heatwave hell on london public underground actually lie overg round ? this time on weather world, we're looking at rising

temperatures and how they impact how we live, work and travel. i am inside what will be, when completed, the world's tallest modular tower block, earlier we looked at some of the materials used in this tower block, but nowjohn willjoin us again to explain a little bit about the concept. john, tell me about this off—site manufacturing process of this modular build. off—site manufacturing is what we do in our bedford factory, we use conventional building materials and assemble them in a factory environment, and on the carousel that moves around a factory, so we use much less energy in doing so. then they are transported to site in a truck and erected on—site. so once complete there will be 546 apartments this block, so how many modules is that? that's 1520 modules, a typical one bed apartment is two modules. the apartment we are currently

in has a living room which is one module and second module has a kitchen, a bathroom and a bedroom as part of one module. so on—site they are 95% completed when they come to site, and then it takes two men for a couple of days to tidy them and put them together. so we are thinking about climate change and environment of sustainability what makes this sort of system more environmentally friendly than conventional building? it's much more environmentally friendly because it is factory assembled. has a 80% saving on waste, we recycle 97% of waste. so all of that efficiency plus the transport to site leads to a 50% reduction in co2. 50% reduction in co2, that is a huge saving. where those savings come from? it's a build—up of much

more efficient method of construction in a factory environment. much less use of energy and the less waste we spoke about, and of course the vehicle moments aside which is 80% of normal vehicle movements. thank you for showing us around your latest project. thank you, sarah. it is notjust warming up on land, but at sea as well. research shows the temperature across the north sea has risen to 1.5 degrees in the last 40 years and that's affecting fishing around scotland's shetland islands as matt taylor has been finding out. fish that have been traditionally caught in these waters for generations are moving towards colder seas further north. meanwhile, fish preferring warmer waters are starting to thrive around shetland. alan has been fishing these waters for 38 years, and in that time he's noticed a lot of changes. a lot more cod ten or 15 years ago

you would not of seen it. you see big changes in varieties? we are trying to get crab, a lot less of them around and more lobsters. so probably when one moves in another moves out. the climate is massive. a lot of people blame overfishing but one of the biggest things is natural causes. changes around shetland make it tougher for the island's most popular sea birds. hello, helen. the rspb say it's a sharp decline here to the number of warming waters, since 1981 is in a 90% decrease in the number of these alone. what he think the main factor is behind those numbers? availability. the sea temperature just goes up a bit and

just a small change in temperature it has a big impact on the food. they go as far away as montrose, and that's hundreds and hundreds of miles and it would be like me going to glasgow to get my tea! and now back in time to what seems like another world. a london underground poster from the 1920s suggesting that to escape a heat wave above ground you would find it much cooler below ground. fast forward almost a century and anyone who travels london's tube network now knows the train‘s deep underground can become unbearably hot in a heat wave. it is so unbelievably hot down here, and bakerlooo line is by far the worst of all the lines. actually it makes you feel ill. more fans and cooling

systems using ground water are being put in place to try to make a difference. to find a way to get so hot on the underground work to be done about it i have taken a step back in time here at the railway to a classic underground carriage built in the late 1950s and withdrawn from service around 2000, this train has carried a lot of passengers in its time and with me again is calvin, a chartered engineer looking into all of this week at your own ideas about how to solve this problem, why do you think it gets so hot in the underground network? well, most people think of the underground section that is hot, but actually the train gains more heat on the surface, for example when i was travelling on the central line between epping on the surface at 430 or five o'clock in the evening, the temperatures rise significantly. you're talking about the lines that start overground and then go underground. why is that? it's like a car, when the sun shines on your car, the

bodywork gets hot to come over that's not a problem because the air condition it but as soon as you carry that heat into the tunnel it's like a massive storage radiator. what can be done about that? for the bodywork you paint it with solar reflective paint. the navy have done this with their warships in the same battleship grey and they have actually reduced the surface temperatures by 15 to 20 degrees. you are still going to get the sunshine into the windows. absolutely, but if you still put solar reflective glass here and reduce it by 84% here dentalfor percent. that's why the london underground was marketing itself as a place to go to keep cool during a heat wave. if you take the glasgow subway you can go down there and keep cool because it's all underground. what happened in the early years of the london

underground it was an underground section only and they decided to it to the suburbs on the overground and that's when they started to develop a problem. and the greenhouse effects then. absolutely. good to talk to you and hear your ideas about getting to grips on heat on underground trains. if it is not heat causing problems it's flooding. in india, injuly, mumbai sees its heaviest monsoon rains in a decade. and later in the month, more than 1000 people had to be rescued from this train as it became stranded in a flood. this year's monsoon came late but still produce significant and deadly flooding. the tornado sirens are blaring here. you need to move it. you need to move right now, that is coming straight at you. in the usa breaking numbers for more consecutive days with at least eight tornadoes.

and if one tornado is bad enough, this twin twister was caught on camera during the same outbreak. the same storms bring flash flooding to oklahoma leaving these homes teetering on the edge of the flooded river. a tornado over water looks like this, and it is called a waterspout, amazing video of one off the coast of the mediterranean island of corsica injuly. waterspouts tend to be weaker than land—based tornadoes. germany, injune, and take cover if you can as this boat is caught in a powerful hailstorm and a bavarian lake. you think you would be safer in a car, but not when the hail is this big. cracks appear in the windscreen

of this car in a storm in france. and now, to snow. but hold on, there's someone there in a sleeveless top so it cannot be colder, because this is summer in the mexican city of guadalajara. this is actually the aftermath of the massive of hailstorm, more than a metre deep in places, when it comes to hail does not get much more freak than this. this, though is snow, and yes these are kangaroos. the two are not often seen together but these scenes come from australia and new south wales in august, with the most severe winter storms here in years. three, two, one. we have lift off. sarah: and finally, in the year of the 50th anniversary of the moon landings, could mars be the next giant leap for humankind? if so, it's good to know what whether we can expect. what weather we can expect. elizabeth introduces us to an average day on the red planet.

mars has weather, but not as we know it. the atmosphere is around 100 times thinner than that of earth so when winds whip up on the martian surface reaching 100 mph it feels like a gentle breeze. you don't need an umbrella on mars either, and hasn't rained for millions of years but martian snow, high up in the atmosphere is not completely out of the question. now, another summer day awaits us in the southern hemisphere, set to warm up significantly after an overnight low of —80 celsius, temperatures will climb rapidly to a balmy 20 celsius. around midday and that's a dazzling range of 100 degrees. by contrast, in the northern hemisphere winter is biting hard and close the daytime high will be only minus 125 celsius, meanwhile on the equator its warmer, —21 celsius and good

visibility in sunshine and warnings of moderate radiation around the gala crater. and back on here on earth, it's the end of another weather world, but you can find more in line for including highlights our previous episodes at bbc.co.uk/weatherworld. look out for another weather world later in the year. and whatever the weather, keep checking the forecast. hello. temperatures already heading towards the upper 205 in the warmer part5 towards the upper 205 in the warmer parts of england. going to be a hot day, pretty much wherever you see

sunshine and most of us will be quite hazy in places. some cloud floating around the sky, channel islands, parts of south—west england, wales, into pembrokeshire, cloud moving through the isle of man towards the north—west coast of england later in the day. well into the 20s for most, into the low in the 20s for most, into the low in the east and south—east of england. tonight, after a barbecue in —— evening we see cloud expanding, poor visibility, some areas of fog going into tomorrow morning so bear that in mind if you are heading out early, temperatures into the mid—teens. slow start in the west, condition slowly improving, most of us condition slowly improving, most of us having a fine day with warm to hot sunshine, chance of showers in cornwall, outbreaks of rain into the western isles as we go deeper into the afternoon. where you see sunshine it will be a very pleasant day once again.

this is bbc news. i'm shaun ley. the headlines at eleven: "a very big trade deal" after brexit is on the menu — as president trump and borisjohnson meet for a working breakfast at the g7 summit. were going to do a fantastic deal once we get round some of the obstacles once we get round some of the o bsta cles in once we get round some of the obstacles in our path. for the uk and united states, we are working on and united states, we are working on a big trade deal and i think it will go very well. the prime minister will discuss brexit with the eu council president in the next half hour. the uk's biggest airports will install 3—d baggage scanners to make security checks quicker. 40,000 brazillian troops begin a major operation to fight fires in the amazon. we report from a rainforest in crisis. it's a