this is bbc world news, the headlines. us president donald trump has hit back against allegations of wrongdoing over his phone call with the ukrainian president in a series of tweets, accusing the democrats of fabricating a version of the conversation. nigerian police say they've rescued nearly five hundred people from a building in the northern city of kaduna where they were being detained. those held were all men and boys, and said they'd been tortured and sexually abused. a former british cabinet minister has accused the prime minister's office of using language about brexit that incited violence. amber rudd has criticised mrjohnson for having what she called an immoral approach in his choice of language. and, walking in his mother's footsteps — britian‘s prince harry has visited a partially—cleared minefield in angola — 22 years after his mother diana famously did the same.

the duke of sussex described the visit as "quite emotional." at ten o'clock clive myrie will be here with a full round up of the days news. first it's time for protecting our planet. how can we best protect our precious planet? climate change and pollution are taking their toll. that much is now scientifically evident. but for all the uncomfortable truth, we hold the future in our hands. in this film, we will be exploring sustainable solutions around the globe and depleting the individuals driving change in their communities. from construction to energy, to conservation. these are some of the unique and surprising ways in which people from all walks of life are working to protect our planet.

for much of the year, the peruvian capital lima is covered with a blanket of dense fog. this is a teaming mega city built in the desert. it has one of the least stable water resources systems in the world, and lima's population is at constant risk of shortages. in villa lordes, on the outskirts of the city, abel cruz has been working to bring water to those living off the grid by harvesting the clouds.

in 316, 60 fog nets were installed in this part of lima. they provided free water to 250 families. the water collected was mainly used for small—scale farming.

he lived in islam and got tired of waiting for the water to arrive. an engineer by training, he searched the internet and connected with fog net experts. hundreds of thousands of people on the outskirts of lima do not have access to secure supply of drinking water. they have to buy water brought in from trucks.

the nets require specific climatic conditions. consistent fog, light winds, and land to site nets on. forecasting projects have been established in other parts of the world including southern morocco and northern chile. today, there are over 1800 fog nets all over peru, and abel has won awards for his pioneering work. the water from the fog nets in the inland provinces of peru is being treated and is now drinkable. and scientists around the world are continuing to develop new technology to harvest water from fog. over seven and a half thousand miles away,

across the south pacific on the tropical island nation of vanuatu, it's not a shortage of water that is presenting a challenge, it's what it washes up. his courage of marine pollution has caused her to to introduce one of the toughest plastic bans in the world. since the plastic bands started, yes, i seen a lot of changes. big changes. it does not only affect the animals on land, or the soil, but also marine life, especially turtles and fish. to protect its reefs, forests and rivers, the nation band banned is single use plastic bags, straws and polystyrene food boxes in 2018.

in our data from the clean—ups we've done, we've definitely seen plastic bags go from the number one item that we pick up and dropping down, and even the last clean—up drop out of the top 20 in things that were picked up. this market chef was one of many campaigning for change. when you clean up somewhere like in a river or in some water, you will see that there is plastic. in december, seven more items will be outlawed. polystyrene trays for food packaging, mesh for fruit and vegetable packaging, plastic cups, plastic cutlery, knives and forks. it's without a doubt that people have been getting used to using plastics. the challenges are there. the thing that has made it easier for vanuatu to ban is because of the plastics we have are being imported,

so whether need to have good collection systems in place or we ban the plastics. with no recycling plant, most plastic ends up in landfills. currently we don't have the capacity, technology wise going to take our post—consumer pet and turn into brand—new bottles here in country. alternatives including traditional bags have received a boost since the band. the plastic ban has helped us a lot. especially with the economic empowerment. it has increased and the demand is very high. the women at home, around the towns, doing their living. it is becoming their business. their real business at this time. there are obviously

other things that you cannot band, so other things that you cannot band, so the number one thing that we are seeing at the moment is food wrappers. we cannot commit being a importer of food were we don't manufacture lots of things ourselves here it's very difficult for us as a country to ban plastic food wrappers 01’ encourage country to ban plastic food wrappers or encourage different packaging. country to ban plastic food wrappers or encourage different packagingm monster, if they can ban a concert bottle, or if they can ban it that would be great. i would be happy. but happy mostly for my country, mostly for my environment to be clean and happy for nature. protecting marine life on the coastal environment for pollution is also crucial work for scientists in southern chile. each year hundreds

of blue whales migrate here in the coastal waters provide a rich feeding ground. but according to scientists of the department of oceanography at the university, marine mammals face many potential threats in these waters. blue whales the largest animals to have ever existed. they were hunted to the brink of extinction in the 20th century and are now an endangered species. knowing where the whales are could help keep them safe. researchers are hoping to learn more about their behaviour by developing autonomous underwater gliders that can detect and record whale song. the golf, and the inner sea of northern patagonia is a very unique marine habitat. and we have one of the most important blue whale feeding areas of the southern hemisphere. whales inhabit this acoustic environment which is the ocean, which is a really acoustic

within visual environment. they have evolved to use sound and produced a received sound and really depend on sounds just in the way that we depend on vision. blue whales for example and others making very loud low—frequency songs that travel over long distances. so really acoustically it's the only way that we can get 2a hours a day, every single day of the year information on the whales whereabouts. and really, the future of ocean exploration and observation are these autonomous vehicles. the later dives silently to depths of up to 200 metres. it's detector can distinguish whale songs from other

sounds. it returns to the surface every two hours and sends its findings back via satellite link. as the glider is flying through these areas it detects whales, and it will log the position of all of those detections. and in this case, with the glider, we are getting a picture in real time of where the whales are, so i can be in my apartment when my office and be looking at the whale detections coming in and knowing that blue whales are off the island, 01’ that blue whales are off the island, or humpback whales in the inner sea. the team hopes this technology will

be used to protect the whales. but we like to do with an acoustic alert system is to be able to make that technology available for decision—makers so that the ships in an area would be told when whales are present and they can slow down, they can be on the lookout and reduce the risk of collision. from marine ecosystems to the urban environment, the impact of pollution and climate change is all around us. we believe west is west. but you can use we believe west is west. but you can use it and change it. —— waste. we believe west is west. but you can use it and change it. -- waste. an area here in uganda, young people have established an initiative to establish new solutions to the challenge problems they face. they call it a ghetto research lab. it's trying to find solutions to some of the problems that are associated

with ghetto communities. around uganda and africa. we are trying to fight poverty and enhancing and promoting sustainability among the ghetto community. the slum area was once a rubber style but now home to over 10,000 people. part of the idea behind the ghetto research lab is to get young people involved in the projects and clean up their local environment. starting to get a research lab came to me as i was realising a number of problems in the ghetto communities especially here where we are living. trying to empower people and remain united, that's our mission. most of the youths we are with in the ghetto research lab to make our youth that have a long history and when it's that you down and tell you their story you feel like crying.|j

that you down and tell you their story you feel like crying. i see an organisation based on saving the environment, and it's all about empowering the youth. they come together to bring youth in the community. last year they build public toilets for the local community. we have the compost toilet to come up plastic management for renewable and recyclable energy. we raise rabbits and goats, and local chickens. they are all local. we are trying to also teach people how to learn urban farming and limited space. the work is epitomized in one unique building. we are at the environment and so they came up with this idea of picking those up and putting them in the bottle and that bottle becomes a brick to build the house. the

building contains 25,000 discarded plastic bottles. each bottle contains over 200 plastic bags thus removing over 6 million plastic bags from the environment. the community so from the environment. the community so that if you have your bags come your plastic ones, no, don't dump them into the drainage, just bring them into the drainage, just bring them to us for us to use them. as an example, the malnutrition is a problem. the fishing around lakes and rivers is a problem. it combines fish farming and vegetable growing using waste from the fish as a

fertiliser. it enables crops to be grown in soilfree. fertiliser. it enables crops to be grown in soil free. water comes here when it's oxygenated to the fish, it's being used by the fish and it becomes toxic to the fish, so it goes to the plants, the plants absorb the acidity and turned into nitrogen, and then oxygenating it back to the camp to fish. you find families with enough fish, they don't need to go to lakes and rivers to get their fish, and their growing vegetables alongside the fish. leading to good nutrition for their families. the group now has several hundred members and finances their projects by donations. hundred members and finances their projects by donationslj hundred members and finances their projects by donations. i would like to see the project becoming a very big project that helps not only youth, not only single mothers, not only the people living in the slums, but think about the people that, the young girls that are on the streets

right now. right now in technology i'm working on wind turbine electricity. receive the ghetto research is changing. it's giving people skills and giving them ideas at home. i want to reach all the areas which are most heard by the plastics. share ideas with people run this communities and find solution to their problems. we don't have to go to the shops and markets and by those. our markets are our dustbins down here. in the southern australian mining town here residents are working to create a model of sustainable living. take an even more radical approach of the changes of their environment. 60% of the residents live underground. they are the smart ones. i'm an opal minor, but mining opalfor 53 years.

i've got a good crack at it. my name isjohn, my i've got a good crack at it. my name is john, my father, back i've got a good crack at it. my name isjohn, my father, back in early 1968, he says i want to go here and change. i want to try my luck. so he shifted the whole family up here and i stayed. once you are used to living underground, you would never live in a house again. he never need heating or cooling, it's peaceful. last year, last summer, we recorded 53 celsius. that's hot, that's plenty hot. most of the world's opal come from this remote town. for decades it has drawn minors from all over the world but the endless desert and harsh climate posed a considerable challenge. feels like a furnace when the winds are coming from the north. could be a nuclear war outside for all i care. it's

pretty much a consistent 24. a four— bedroom pretty much a consistent 24. a four—bedroom dugout, pretty much a consistent 24. a four— bedroom dugout, the pretty much a consistent 24. a four—bedroom dugout, the two bedrooms upstairs, this is one of the bedrooms we use as a spare room. it was a mind that has been converted. one of the only places in the world where you can do renovations or extensions and make money rather than lose money because we had opal as well as other things. it ends up bigger to get the opal out of the wall. it's obviously famous for its opal, and so really we are probably sitting on the world's largest deposit of opal. our heyday for coober pedy was back in the 70s and 80s. we had over 1000 minors living here. today we've only got about 100

minors left. in 2017, coober pedy introduced a new hybrid renewables project. the last year they power the town with 70% renewable energy. coober pedy is really unique so were on her own grid and have an opportunity where we can have a massive penetration. we didn't re ce ntly massive penetration. we didn't recently to 93.2 hours running just off of renewable energy. that's pretty remarkable. and itjust keeps on getting better. this town stunk of diesel depending on which with the wind was blowing and if you lived near the power station it every country in your back to working with the smoke. it was terrible. lots of siding here. i reckon australia is one of the best places for solar panels in the world. some of the best solar panel locations. it's a very remote. one

of the good things that happened a few years back when the whole state was out of power and we were probably the only people that had power. they are paving the way for other mining towns to go off grid, as a model for sustainable living in the australian outback. over the last six months to 12 months there's already been a lot of new people moving into town. that's what we needin moving into town. that's what we need in town. i don't even know how people can live in the cities. bloodied rat races. why would you wa nt to bloodied rat races. why would you want to live there? you gotta beautiful place like coober pedy out in the middle of nowhere. no stoplights, and it's fabulous. i would never swap. never. across the world, there are people striving to

provide sustainable and innovative solutions to some of our biggest‘s challenges. high and low tech large and small scale, they‘ re challenges. high and low tech large and small scale, they're working towards preserving the earth's natural resources and protecting our planet. hello there. buckle up i've been a lot of weather to get two of the next three and a half minutes in the forecast for the week ahead. the jet has really ramped up the gear blowing across the atlantic spitting up blowing across the atlantic spitting up areas blowing across the atlantic spitting up areas of low pressure and driving them in our direction. this low is

going to bring some very wet and windy weather for some of us during saturday night and sunday but before it arrives just about make about a bump in the isobars. very weak and transient rage of high—pressure public its way through. there will tend to kill off the showers throughout the day. more dry weather throughout the day. more dry weather throughout the day. more dry weather throughout the afternoon and temperatures in 13 to 19 degrees. behind me is our next area of low pressure. pushing its way in from the southwest during saturday night and really heavy burst of rain where this could cause some flooding in on the southern flank of that loathsome strong southwest winds which could gust a 40 or 50 mph in the most exposed spots. very wet weather particular from exposed spots. very wet weather particularfrom england exposed spots. very wet weather particular from england and wales. localised flooding problems. strong winds the south, northern ireland it was a bit later in the few showers and spas of sunshine as well. as we

head into sunday evening of the back edge of the low—pressure system notice the isobars squashing together another bout of strong winds, distant from the north or northwest, could see gusts of 60 mph come some coastal flooding is possible in eastern areas. on the backs of that weather system we will try to draw down some colder air from the north but milder airfrom the same time ahead of this. this is our next area of low pressure and this will be making its move during monday. most places like the certified and drive but a fair amount of cloud and we see over the ram pushing in. particularly across england and wales and temperatures in the south 60 to 70 degrees but that cold air making its presence felt across northern areas that will continue to be the case on tuesday. scott northern ireland should see spells of sunshine. shall we rain down towards the south for those temperatures may be just 9 degrees in aberdeen and for the south signs that things will start to turn cooler. the process continues to be

head to the middle of the week. that area of low—pressure slides away and high—pressure building back in from the west. that's likely to be drive. a brisk wind across the uk on wednesday. dry weather in spells of sunshine particularly exposed to that breeze expected to feel chilly. just 12 degrees there in norwich and tan across scotland. enter next weekend currently spending around the mid atlantic. this major hurricane lorenzo and over the coming days you can see them ticking away in the corner. this hurricane is going to move north. i will be hurricane any more but the remnants will get swept up of the jet stream. the combination of tropical moisture and thejet the combination of tropical moisture and the jet stream often quite uncertain to predict in terms of exactly what will happen. most of your models keep the remnants of lorenzo out to the west that would give us a southwest wind and turn things a little bit warmer. there are some computer models and this seems less likely to bring the area

of low pressure closer to the uk bringing very wet and windy weather. give an eye on that but either way as we head into next weekend it does state rather unsettled.

tonight at ten — the former cabinet minister, amber rudd, accuses downing street of using language over brexit that could incite violence. she says inflammatory rhetoric legitimises aggression. but the prime minister has been defending his language. can you use words like "surrender" to describe a certain act, a certain bill? and, quite frankly, i think that you can. meanwhile, scotland's first minister nicola sturgeon signals she'd be willing backjeremy corbyn as a caretaker prime minister, to prevent a no—deal brexit. also tonight... more scrutiny for the prime minister, over links to a us businesswoman when he was the mayor of london. now the police watchdog is involved. there's mounting pressure on the bbc to overturn a ruling on the breakfast presenter naga munchetty, over