this is bbc news. the headlines at 11am: a moment of sporting history — kenyan athlete eliud kipchoge becomes the first person to run a marathon in under two hours. i am the happiest man to run under two hours, i hope to inspire many people, to tell people no human is limited and you can do it. typhoon hagibis makes its final approach towards japan — it's the worst storm to hit the country for 60 years. the us warns turkey it will impose new sanctions if it continues with military action against kurdish forces in syria. the head of the nhs warns the school gates have become a breeding ground for myths about the mmr vaccine.

and coming up — the new cardinals appointed by pope francis and the military action in syria are two of the topics of dicussion on dateline london. that's in half an hour here on bbc news. hello. good morning. the kenyan long—distance runner, eliud kipchoge has made history in vienna this morning, becoming the first athlete to run a marathon in under two hours. becoming the first athlete to run the 34—year—old covered the 26.2 miles course in one hour 59 minutes and a0 seconds. but that time will not be recognised as the official marathon world record because it was not in open competition. another reason for it not being recgonised, is the team of rotating pacemakers that he used, who were guided

by a laser in the road, which kept them within the two hour time limit. here's the closing moments of the run. 300 metres to go, he can see the finish line here! neil armstrong we had on the moon in 1969. roger bannister, the four—minute mile 65 years ago. edward hillary, the first man to climb everest in 1953, we have one minute to go. eliud kipchoge is on his way here. this humble farmer who used to run two miles to school every day and back, he used to go to the nearest town on his bike to sell milk at the local market and, now, through hard work and discipline, he is pointing! come on, he says! eliud kipchoge has the hand of history on his shoulder! he has less than 200 metres to go! eliud kipchoge, let's keep an eye on the clock, into the final 20 seconds, eliud kipchoge!

1:59.40 the unofficial time. eliud kipchoge! fantastic! 1:59.40 the unofficial time, the first man to run a marathon in under two hours, one final lung busting stride for eliud kipchoge, one giant leap for human endeavour. eliud kipchoge was right — no human is limited. well, after the race, kipchoge compared his achievements to roger bannister‘s sub four—minute mile, more than 60 years ago. i am feeling good. it has taken 65 years for a human being to make history in sport. after roger bannister made history in 195a. it took another 63 years.

i try it and not get. now it is 65 years. i've tried and i am the happiest man to run under two hours in order to inspire many people, to tell people that no human is limited, you can do it, and i'm expecting more after seeing this, all of the world to run under two hours after today. earlier, i spoke to our sport presenterjohn watson, who explained how it wasn't kipchoge‘s first attempt at breaking the two hour milestone. he attempted this two years ago and missed out on setting a record by 26 seconds. he and his team have left no stone unturned in his attempt at this time around. they used a meteorologist to assess conditions out in vienna, the flat course was hand—picked, 4.4 laps of a six mile circuit in that park in vienna. we know some of the surface was adjusted, re—tom act that

retarmaced. a very special achievement. as we see him there alongside those pacesetters, an elite team of runners have been put around him to achieve this, world champions, olympic champions, over 40 pacesetters who were switching in and out throughout the sub to our attempt and it is they who helped him get over the line today. he spoke coming into this about the legacy he wants to leave in the sport and he has certainly done that with this record—breaking world best time today. just a word about it not being an official world records, what are the various issues that arise in that? there are three essentially meaning it is not classed as an official world record. one of those is that eliud kipchoge was only running himself and only

against the clock. the second is the use against the clock. the second is the use of pacesetters which isn't allowed when you are attempting an official time and it is also the use official time and it is also the use of drink stations. in a regular marriage then you would see competitors running to drink stations at the side of the course. —— in a regular marathon. in this instance he had drinks brought to him by people on bikes. it is because of those three factors that this is an unofficial record. it will go down in the guinness book of world records but it won't be an officially sanctioned time. so not such a bad thing for him because he already holds the official world re cord already holds the official world record which she set last year at two hours, one minute and 39 seconds. so he shaved one minute and 59 seconds of the official record. he now holds both. it is a very special moment and he has really set his iron this effort to break this

two hour barrier. we talk about those achievements and the efforts of sir edmund hillary, sir roger bannister breaking the four—minute mile, the moon landings. it is being put in that bracket of achievements today. john watson. japan is bracing itself for one of the strongest storms to hit the country in decades. one man is already reported to have died after his car turned over in strong winds. typhoon hagibis is expected to make landfall near the capital, tokyo in the next couple of hours, lashing areas that are still recovering from another storm last month. 0ur tokyo correspondent, rupert wingfield—hayes, sent this update. this behind me is the station in tokyo, and on a saturday afternoon this place would be jammed with tourists and shoppers. this here is the famous scramble crossing, one of the most famous sites in tokyo and normally on a saturday afternoon

there would be thousands of people going across here but now it's pretty much completely deserted. that goes for the whole of tokyo, the greater tokyo area, everything has been pretty much shut down ahead of this storm, the whole metro system, the railways, both of tokyo's airports are closed down, as is the famous bullet train. and that is because, although it doesn't look like it yet, in a few hours from now, we will have winds coming through here well in excess of 100 kilometres an hour. so, this is the tama river, one of the main large rivers running through tokyo, this is on the southern end of tokyo. you can see just how swollen it is already. there is now a flood warning in effect for people living on the banks of the river because, as you can see, it is already very, very high with more rain falling. this is the real danger for a typhoon of this size. huge rainfall has fallen over the last few hours up in the mountains

to the rest of tokyo. now that rain is coming down the rivers, swelling them, and in danger of breaking the banks. this is just one of dozens of rivers along the coast here. it is always the big danger from these sorts of events is water. water is the thing that can do real damage, both if this river burst its banks, if it causes landslides in the mountains or if it reaches the sea, as the typhoon comes up the coast in the few hours, it'll push a storm surge ahead of it, and as it meets the water coming out of these rivers that can cause flooding along the coast of this is the real test, that is the real test, in the next few hours, to see what happens in these rivers hold. earlier i spoke to mark stevenson. he's a scotland rugby fan

in yokohama, waiting to hear if the team's scheduled match with japan will go ahead on sunday. no official news yet on the game. there is an announcement and a pitch inspection in the morning and an announcement expected shortly after that. at the moment it is just sit tight, see how the storm goes and hopefully it doesn't cause too much damage or problems. and over the last few days what sort of level of information have you received in the build—up to sunday? as far as weather goes quite a bit. we have been following various twitter feeds and social media and hk world news out here. they have been providing updates and letting us know when the storm is coming in and advising us what to do. pretty much sit tight, stock up, get water and food into see us through the night and tomorrow as well. give us a sense of where you are in relation to where this is going to hit? we are going to be right in the middle of it. we are in yokohama at the moment. we are not too far from the harbour.

at the moment we are expecting it to be about 8pm or 9pm our time. already it is starting to get pretty strong winds and strong rain in the last hour that has got worse. so we are sitting tight and expecting the worst come in the next few hours. as we talk, we are looking at images of the japanese rugby team wading through water as they enter the stadium. that is quite extraordinary. it doesn't suggest that that game is looking all that likely but as you say we don't know yet. just remind us in terms of the significance of this game from the scottish point of view. this one really matters, doesn't it? it does, yes. if the game doesn't go ahead and this cancelled it will be a draw and that doesn't give scotland enough points to proceed into the knockout stages so an awful lot riding on this one

so we are very keen that the game goes ahead in any which way. we have spoken to quite a few fans and i think they'll be happy even if it's played behind closed doors. that was mark stevenson in yokohama. the united states has warned turkey that it's prepared to impose "crippling sanctions" if it continues to take military action against kurdish forces in northern syria. last night it was revealed that us troops had come underfire from turkish positions, but turkey has denied deliberately targeting american soldiers. 0ur middle east correspondent martin patience is following all the developments — i spoke to him a short while ago from sanliurfa on the turkey—syria border. the latest we are getting is from the turkish defence ministry, and they say they have retaken a town from kurdish control. that town is one of the key targets of this offensive. we've seen fierce fighting inside that town between kurdish fighters, the turkish military,

as well as turkish backed syrian forces. that gives you an indication of how complex the battle field is. from turkey's point of view, this offensive is continuing and it is achieving its objectives. we are also hearing reports that turkey has pushed up to a main highway which is about 20 miles from where i am standing and that highway is key because that would mark the border of what turkey is calling this safe zone. from turkey's point of view, this operation is going as planned. from the kurdish point of view, a real sense of betrayal. they are on the run and according to aid agencies, 100,000 kurds have fled from the border areas and they are pushing into southern syria. from the people i've spoken to on the ground, a real sense of chaos and fear as well. and for those fleeing the area, what sort of help

is there available? they're pushing out of the area of operations into towns and villages, still controlled by the kurds. some of them i was speaking to have been moving in with their families. there is some aid assistance in those parts of syria but the reality is for many they've simply left their homes, if they are lucky, with what they can carry. i spoke to one woman and she said the shelling just started, we ran out onto the street, families were split up, chaos, fear, these people have lost everything and most think they will never return to their homes again. that was martin patience on the turkey — syria border. joining us live now from oslo is jan egeland, the secretary—general of the norwegian refugee council. he was the special adviser to the un special envoy for syria between 2015 and 2018. during this time he chaired

the humanitarian task force responsible for the safety and protection of syrian civilians. good morning. how bad does this look from how bad does this look from a humanitarian point of view? very bad. tens of thousands of syrians fleeing every day. if it lost another ten or 20 days it would be a com plete another ten or 20 days it would be a complete catastrophe. these are war weary civilians who have suffered for too long already. when two of these armies now clash and are engulfed in crossfire, where can they go? they cannot go anywhere. that was the point i was going to get to. if they flee south where realistically is there that they can go which is safe? these people flee from displacement camps and from

their homes to already cramped displacement camps to the south. there are some 2.2 million people in the area controlled by the so—called syrian defence forces, which other kurdish forces, analysed to the us and the uk and the europeans, together with turkey in the battle against islamic state. of those 2.2 million, 1.3 million are in need of humanitarian relief. this campaign is senseless. in must stop and those who need to start with an initiative ofa who need to start with an initiative of a ceasefire are washington and london. i cannot accept that they are not able to get the two sides to talk to each other. that is as clear message as can be to those who are politically involved in this region.

they have got to talk and they have got to stop this fighting. indeed. turkey has very legitimate security concerns. there are groups there that have been attacking and exposing turkish civilians to terror but if you fight terror, smashing your neighbourhood isn't the way you will have stability and elimination of terror in the future. it is again through talks, three buffer zones, through talks, three buffer zones, through measures. the united states need to be the mediator. we look to russia, iran and turkey to avoid catastrophe in a glib. ——idlib you mentioned the united states. how much is that measure that was taken

aafew much is that measure that was taken a a few days ago, how much is that a significant part in all of this? a a few days ago, how much is that a significant part in all of this7m didn't look like any other measure than an invitation than to go ahead to me as an observer. president trump said that one of his options was to mediate, let's go to that option. let's put everything else aside and say we demand a ceasefire and a mediation. your concerns will be sent to our efforts to bring some sanity to this place. the syrian war has lasted nearly as long as the first and the second world war combined. we don't need another war on top of that. there's a warning that parents' chatter at the school gates has

become a ‘breeding ground' for harmful myths about the safety of vaccinations against conditions like measles. nhs england chief simon stevens has spoken out after the latest figures showed a rise in the number of measles cases — and fall in the take—up of all routine jabs for under—fives in the last year. simon jones has more. the jab against measles, mumps and rubella is simple and free and can save lives but simon stephens is worried. what point do people need to learn... the percentage of children receiving the first dose is down for the fifth year in a road in england. he says parents looking online for information are often confronted with fake news. writing in the daily mail, he warns...

the prime minister recently echoed his concerns. i'm afraid people have been listening to that superstitious mumbojumbo on the internet with anti—vaccination stuff and thinking the mmr vaccine is a bad idea, that is wrong. the department of health have had much discussion about increasing vaccination rates. the health secretary matt hancock said he was seriously considering making vaccination compulsory for schoolchildren in england but some in the medical profession warned that could make parents suspicious. simon stephens acknowledges there has been a lively debate on the issue but stops short of saying whether he believes vaccinations should be mandatory. he does pledge the nhs will make it easierfor parents to get their children vaccinated and he has welcomed the commitment by social media firms to counter misinformation online.

simonjones, bbc simon jones, bbc news. scientists say that the speed at which people walk in their 40s can reveal a lot about how fast their brains are ageing. they've been studying a thousand people in new zealand from birth to the age of 45 — testing every aspect of their physical health. they found slower walkers' bodies were ageing more quickly, and they had smaller brains. sport and for a full round up, from the bbc sport centre, here'sjohn watson. kenya's eliud kipchoge has become the first person to run a sub two hour marathon. his time of1 hour, 59 minutes and 40 seconds was completed in vienna this morning. ade adedoyin is there, and was following it all throughout. a phenomenalfeat. he tried it in 2017 and finished just outside its but no mistakes today as he finished

in under two hours. i have his co—chair. tell me what a momentous occasion this is for you and for him? a long journey for you both? yes. today was a special day. to go into the history books is a special moment for the sport, for eliud, for me. it was a wonderful performance. i'm very happy. he came so close in monza in 2017. what made you so confident this time that he would do it? two monza was a new territory. we had a lot of people talking about possibilities and that. whatever we we re possibilities and that. whatever we were doing we were doing it not knowing everything. after monza we learned some lessons and the fact that he was 26 seconds shy was a

message in itself that it was very possible. what will the legacy of all this be? he has broken the mythical mark of two hours. it wasn't done in race conditions and won't be classified as a world record because of the pacemakers but what impact will this have on marathon running? all the same, with pacemakers or not, the distance was 42 kilometres, a full marathon. the legacy of the whole experience is that it legacy of the whole experience is thatitis legacy of the whole experience is that it is telling us a message that we can take home which is that no human is limited and whatever we can to and think this is the limit, the limit isn't now going to change for everybody, for every human being, at their workstations, whatever sector you are in, people are going to think positively and set the limits of its higher than what they had before. good to talk to you, patrick. that is eliud kipchoge's

coach. i spoke to eliud himself and he said it wasn't about the world record he just wanted to show that you can't put any limits on yourself. he also thanked his wife and children and said they are the driving force for everything he does. we've spoken a lot about the super typhoon hitting japan, which means there's just one game taking place at the rugby world cup today, england against france and new zealand versus italy both cancelled but ireland's final pool game against samoa goes ahead despite concerns over the pitch which has been re—laid leading to worries it could cut up. you can see it there, centre chris farrell able to bury a ball under it. a bonus point win for ireland would guarentee their place in the quarterfinals. scotland will learn tonight if their match with japan tomorrow will go ahead, a pitch inspection‘s planned at 10pm uk time. the scottish rugby union believe they have a legal case against the game's governing body. gregor townsend's side facing

elimination from the tournament if the game is cancelled. and if you wanted to knowjust how bad the weather is injapan at the moment...here's the evidence. this is the japanese team trying to navigate their way out to training in tokyo ahead of that crucial match against scotland tomorrow. some of them happier than others to get their feet wet. just a sign of what is in the offing there because of that super typhoon. that's all the sport for now. now for the weather with alina jenkins. hello. for parts of scotland and northern ireland it's a mainly dry weekend with some spells of sunshine. but for a large swathe of the uk we've got more rain in the forecast and with the ground already saturated in places that brings a risk of flooding. all the flood warnings are on our website and the rain is tied into this bank of cloud which drapes itself out

into the atlantic and that's a frontal system which will continue to pulse across the uk through the weekend. and on saturday the main focus of the heavier and more persistent rain will be in a zone from southwest england across southern counties of england and up into east anglia. some of that rain will become increasingly persistent and heavy through the day. to the north of this we've got some brighter skies and some spells of sunshine. still some showers around particularly for northern and western scotland, the west of northern ireland, a few for northwest england and north wales but generally away from our band of cloud and rain looking at a dry day, some spells of sunshine and the winds not as strong as they have been on recent days. temperature wise, 11 to 16 celsius for most, warmest across some northeastern counties of england in the afternoon sunshine. now through this evening an overnight band of rain across south wales and southern england starts to push its way further northwards perhaps getting as far north as southern scotland by the end of the night. looking dry with clearer skies across much of northern ireland, also across central and northern scotland so temperatures here falling to around four or five

celsius but holding up to ten, 11 maybe even 12 celsius where you've got the cloud and the rain. really messy picture tomorrow, rain never too far away for much of england, wales and southern scotland and some of that rain will still be heavy. looking like a mainly dry day though across much of northern ireland, central and northern scotland save for one or two showers. but this heavy and persistent rain will be slowly pushing its way north and eastwards through the day, brighter skies developing behind but also still a scattering of showers, may take its time to clear from eastern coasts through the afternoon, that band of rain, and a fresher feel tomorrow for most — temperatures in a range from 11 to 15 celsius. now we may start the new week dry and a little bit on the chilly side but fronts are never too far away on monday, two areas of rain pushing in, one from the west and the other from the south and east. so whilst many will start dry, some spells of sunshine, a fairly cool if not chilly start, rain expected to move in from the west and the south and the east through the afternoon. it sets us up for another unsettled week. bye— bye.

hello and welcome to the programme which brings together some of the uk's leading media commentators with the foreign correspondents who write for the folks back home under the dateline ‘london‘. pope francis appoints new cardinals to shape his legacy — could more than married priests be on his "to do" list. as turkey shows that the powerful abhor a vacuum — in this case, in northern syria — could there be a second arab spring as the power—less resist? with me are the french—algerian journalist nabila ramdani. catherine pepinster, the former editor of the catholic weekly, the tablet. agnes poirier who writes for the french news magazine marianne.

the broadcaster michael goldfarb, whose podcast is the first rough draft of history. but first, brexit, for journalists the story that keeps on giving. it has been a very strange week because ms day we had this rather gloomy phone call saying a deal was essentially impossible. then leo varadkhar and boris johnson went for a walk in the park and suddenly things were back on and now we are ina things were back on and now we are in a tunnel. should be pleased or baffled ? in a tunnel. should be pleased or baffled? it depends if there is light out of the tunnel. we will see. it looks like borisjohnson gave a concession or rather had a glimpse of the real world and suddenly thought this is it. it looks as if we are back to something that the eu actually proposed two yea rs that the eu actually proposed two years ago which is a border on the

irish sea.