this is bbc news. welcome if you are watching here in the uk, on pbs in america, or around the globe. i'm mike embley. our top stories: the us announces sanctions against turkey in response to its military offensive against the kurds in northern syria. the united states is going to continue to take actions against turkey's economy until they bring the violence to an end. violent protests in barcelona after catalan independence leaders are given long prison sentences by the spanish supreme court. and england's euro 2020 qualifier in bulgaria has been overshadowed by racist behaviour which left some english players visibly upset. and a surprise result at this year's booker prize. two authors are joint winners

of the prestigious literary award. the civil war in syria looks set to enter a new and even more dangerous phase, with government forces on the move to help kurdish fighters under attack from turkey. turkish forces crossed into syria last week. the turkish government regards the kurdish fighters as terrorists and wants to occupy a buffer zone reaching 20 miles into syria. the kurds have now turned to syria's president assad for help. syrian government forces entered several towns just south of the border on monday, setting up a potentially dangerous confrontation with turkey. 0ur correspondent 0rla guerin has sent this report from the syria—turkey border.

rolling in to a heroes‘ welcome — troops of the assad regime, handed a victory without firing a shot, arriving today in the strategic town of ain issa. look who's back. the kurds say they had to do a deal with the regime after washington left them alone to face a turkish invasion. the choice, they say, was compromise or genocide. further along a key highway, the town of tal tamer also back in assad's hands, loyalists resurfacing. "i've kept this picture hidden for years, waiting for this day," he says. but, for other syrians, this about—turn is a painful blow.

we met abu saddam and his family on the turkish side of the border. he planned to go home to tal tamer once kurdish militia were gone. not anymore. translation: i was shocked when they told me that the regime is now in control. we were happy when the turkish army went in. we were hoping to go back and live happily in our village. no—one can go back with the regime there. his young relative mohamed wants to study medicine in the uk. he can't see a future in his homeland. i think this idea is impossible, because i think the syrian war is endless. does that make you feel sad? i'm feeling sad for my country, for my people. but what i can do for them? and this is the latest phase in the endless war, turkey continuing to pound northern syria. here, a drone strike, allegedly targeting a kurdish ammunition supply.

"we work with the precision of a jeweller," president erdogan claimed today. but the civilian death toll is growing. well, just across the border here, in the syrian town of tal abyad, rebels backed by turkey have just raised their flags. in less than a week here, president erdogan has created a dangerous new reality. north—eastern syria is now a battleground, and the balance of power is shifting. american troops are pulling out. syrian troops are moving in. the turkish leader is unrepentant. and what of islamic state prisoners being held by the kurds? turkey claims it found an empty prison in tal abyad. it is accusing the kurdish of setting is detainees free to create chaos. but turkey has opened the door

to a dangerous escalation here, and there are fears that the situation could move rapidly out of control. 0rla guerin, bbc news, on the turkey—syria border. president trump, who in effect gave turkey the green light for its assault on the kurds, has now approved financial sanctions against turkey and phoned president erdogan to call for an immediate truce. three turkish ministers have been blacklisted and had their american assets frozen. the us will also increase tariffs on turkish steel and stop negotiations on a trade deal. vice president mike pence spoke at a news conference outside the white house. president trump made it very clear that the united states is going to continue to take actions against turkey's economy until they bring the violence to an end. we want an immediate ceasefire, and we want to begin negotiations

between turkey and syrian defence forces, and president trump again offered to have the united states of america mediate in those discussions. but president erdogan has said he will not back down. 0ur middle east editorjeremy bowen reports from neighbouring iraq. by pulling out and dropping the kurds, the americans lose a stake in the war‘s endgame. leaders in moscow and tehran will be delighted. the jihadist extremists of islamic state are doing all they can to exploit the chaos. they see a whole range of new opportunities, and they have declared a new campaign of violence across syria. with the kurds reeling, they may try to free the thousands of is prisoners who at the moment are in kurdishjails. european governments, rattled by the problems of the middle east knocking on their door, have called upon the turks to stop the offensive.

their nightmare scenario is syria, backed by russian power, somehow ending up facing off against turkey, a nato member. this last week has been another turning point in this area's catastrophe. it may have simplified the war‘s end. the kurds and the americans seem to be out of the picture. now, that leaves the regime of president assad, the russians and the iranians to do what they need to do to solidify their victory. i spoke to nicholas burns, who is a former top us diplomat and now a foreign policy advisor to democratic presidential candidate and former vice presidentjoe biden. he told me where he saw the conflict in syria heading now after that withdrawal of american troops.

the united states has lost its position in northern syria. we've abandoned it, we've abandoned our kurdish allies there this is a disasterfor the credibility the us would have. the president has given all of this away injust one week. president has given all of this away in just one week. and yet he would in just one week. and yet he would say to you, and you know it, a lot of american voters want the us out of american voters want the us out of foreign wars. that's not what the polls show. the american people do not want a repeat of the iraqi invasion of 2003 in the long—term occupation. but americans understand that we need to have— look at our public opinion polls. we need to be true to our alliances, we need to have... if we give our word, we need to back it up. it doesn't mean that we withdraw from the entire world

into an isolationist crouch. i think the president's wrong about that, and be proven wrong. he is taking a political beating at home, even from the most senior republicans in the united states senate, who have nearly all come to excoriated him for this feckless decision that he has made over the past week. for this feckless decision that he has made over the past weeklj for this feckless decision that he has made over the past week. i guess nobody could argue with you that it isa nobody could argue with you that it is a horror show for civilians in the area, many people killed, thousands of refugees, is looks likely to revive. there is the prospect of the tax and the russians clashing. but this issue of being the dominant power in the middle east, one senior foreign correspondent saying we have officially entered the post— american middle east. and that is a shame for the united states. you know, we have been in the middle east as a significant outside power since the mid—i9 70s, and you know, we have made some mistakes there, certainly if you look at the iraq war. but we have also done some very good things. and one of the very best was to align ourselves with syrian kurdish forces from 2014

onwards. they were the ground force that fought the islamic guerillas, as we fought from the air, along with britain and france and other countries, and now they make tremendous sacrifices. now we have left them in the lurch, and we see the desperation that they have right 110w. the desperation that they have right now. the syrian kurds are now having to go as supplicants to the assad government, their bidder enemy, and the russians, to seek shelter from a rampaging turkish army. so the situation could not be worse for the united states. president putin i think is in saudi arabia or hasjust been there, he is off to the uae shortly. 0ther been there, he is off to the uae shortly. other current american allies are going to take note, surely, this power shift.|j allies are going to take note, surely, this power shift. i think that's certainly happening in the middle east. there's a lot of nervousness in saudi arabia and the united arab emirates and jordan, egypt, traditional partners of the united states. i am actually in melbourne, australia, this week. and we could not have a closer military alliance than the one we have with

australia, and yet people here have been questioning me today, will you back us up in a crisis? and that has really stunned me, and it has given mea really stunned me, and it has given me a sense, quite palpable, of the impact that this decision has had outside the middle east on traditional allies of the united states, like australia. you can find more on the latest developments on our website, bbc.com/news. let's get some of the day's other news: a white police officer in texas has been charged with murder over the killing of a 28—year—old black woman in her home. atatiana jefferson was shot through a closed window as she was playing video games with her nephew. aaron dean resigned earlier. local leaders have called for an inquiry into the police department. sincejune there have been six fatal shootings by officers in fort worth. thousands of people in the ecuadorean capital, quito, have been cleaning up the city centre after almost two weeks of anti—austerity protests. many people cleared parks and streets of burning tyres and rubble.

indigenous leaders struck a deal with president moreno to cancel the disputed austerity package on sunday. protesters are now leaving the city. at least seven people died in the demonstrations. six people have died and at least 40 have been injured when a hailstorm caused a roof collapsed during a party in peru. local media reported that over 1,000 people were standing under the roof, celebrating a local festival, when the accident happened. five of the injured are in a serious condition. the parents of 19 year—old harry dunn have called on the american woman at the centre of the investigation into their son's death to return to the uk to face justice. harry dunn's mother and father have travelled to america to gain media exposure and appeal for anne sacoolas, who left britain under diplomatic immunity after her car collided with the teenager's motorbike, to be sent back to the uk. catalan riot police have clashed with protesters disrupting flights at barcelona airport in spain. officers wielding batons charged at demonstrators on nearby roads.

the protesters are angry at lengthy prison terms handed down to nine catalan separatist leaders. damian grammaticas reports. inside barcelona airport today... shouting ..anger directed at spain and symbols of its authority. and, in the airport forecourt, clashes. the spark — the sentences handed out by the supreme court. up to 13 years in jail for sedition for the leaders who staged the referendum and failed independence bid here two years ago. it has left many catalans incensed. this is supposed to be a democracy. it should not be legal. we just voted. we did nothing wrong, but vote. well, tempers are beginning to flare again here. it has just been raining all afternoon, which has soaked the protesters and the police,

and everyone else. but still, they refuse to leave, and they have caused enormous disruption here. dozens and dozens of flights cancelled or delayed. with access blocked, protesters and passengers had to walk milesjust to get to the airport. spain's prime minister insisted today there was nothing undemocratic about prosecuting the independence leaders. in a democracy like spain, nobody‘s subject to trial for his or her ideas or politics, but rather for criminal conduct as provided by the law. but the question tonight is whether the prosecutions will stifle catalan hopes, or simply fuel the drive for secession. damian grammaticas, bbc news, barcelona. stay with us on bbc news. still to come: two pals in a pen. a heart—warming story of friendship across the species barrier.

parts of san francisco least affected by the earthquake are returning to life, but in the marina area where most of the damage was done, they are more conscious than ever of how much has been destroyed. in the 19 years since he was last here, he's gone from being a little—known revolutionary to an experienced and successful diplomatic operator. it was a 20—pound bomb, which exploded on the fifth floor of the grand hotel, ripping a hole in the front of the building. this government will not weaken. democracy will prevail. it fills me with humility and gratitude to know that i have been chosen as the recipient of this foremost of earthly honours. this catholic nation held its breath for the men they called the 33. and then, bells tolled nationwide to announce the first rescue and chile let out an almighty roar.

need me this is bbc world news. the latest headlines: the us has slapped sanctions on turkey in response to its offensive against kurds in northern syria. and protests have erupted in barcelona after spain's supreme court sent nine catalan separatist leaders to jail. the english football association has called for an investigation into the racist abuse that twice halted england's euro 2020 qualifying game in bulgaria. 0ur correspondentjoe wilson is in sofia. 0ne england supporter has just told me he heard monkey noises

from some bulgarian fans from the first minute of this game. england have experienced this kind of thing before, but what's changed ? clearly now they have the confidence and determination to report racism. and there was a response. the second piece of the protocol should, could have involved the game being suspended. you can argue england's emphatic victory was the best response. england has its own issues with racims in football to address but this kind of thing here cannot stand and the response from uefa is now of the utmost importance. this evening, a few thousand seats closed off made no difference. a major clean—up is under way after the heaviest storm to hit japan in 60 years. towns have been left submerged, and at least 40 people are dead. in some areas, more than a metre of rain fell in just 48 hours. rich preston reports.

rivers burst, roads and bridges destroyed, and dozens killed. typhoon hagibis has left destruction in its wake. towns and villages were inundated with its water. now, the rescue mission becomes a clean—up operation, and a search for survivors. nagano, in centraljapan, was one of the worst—hit areas. more than a metre of rain fell in just two days. the cost of the clean—up will be substantial. hundreds are in emergency accommodation. many still don't know when they will be able to return home. more than 110,000 people have been involved with rescue efforts, but hopes of finding those still listed as missing are fading rapidly. rich preston, bbc news. a new international study suggests that a cheap and widely available

drug could save hundreds of thousands of people from traumatic brain injuries. the research suggests tran—examic acid, or txa, can significantly improve some patients' chances of survival. almost 70 million people suffer these kinds of injuries every year — usually as a result of car accidents and falls. our global health correspondent tulip mazumdar reports. in a brief moment, a head injury can change a person ‘s life forever. five years ago, pam foley fell off her bike in oxford. all i remember is on one minute on my bike and next minute, on the ground. trying to get up, i knew i was stunned but i didn't realise how much i had hurt myself. pam had fractured her skull and suffered a bleed on her brain. she did make a good recovery but lost her sense of smell and taste. it's a constant reminder of the pleasures that can be had from simple smells. i really miss the smell of freshly cut grass.

i love that smell. this is a ct scan of the patient's brain, this is unfortunately a young man who's been punched and fell to the ground. there are few tribute options who suffered these injuries especially in low and middle—income countries, patients can need surgery to ease pressure on the brain on life—support equipment. researchers though say now there is another option. a simple injection of tx acid. when patients are bleeding in their brain, two processes occur simultaneously. the process of clotting and of breaking down the clock. tx acid breaks down the clot and allows a court to form effectively and subsequently. this is tx acid, it's been it's cheap, costs a few dollars per vial

and it's accessible through the world. the royal london hospital here in the uk was one of 175 hospitals across 29 countries and involving more than 12,000 patients to take part in the trial. it is use for post—partum haemorrhage... it found deaths in patients with moderate to mild injuries were cut by one—fifth when the drug was given within three hours. it's a simple injection, it can be given around the world by doctors and nurses, there is no special training needed to give it. previous international studies have shown that the drug can be used to treat women with excessive bleeding after childbirth as well as patients with life—threatening chest or abdomen injuries. pam doesn't know if she received tx acid or the placebo dummy injection in the trial but says she is glad to be part of the study. the world health organization says

it will evaluate findings and consider whether to recommend the drug for brain injuries. tulip mazumdar, bbc news, 0xfordshire. this year's booker prize for fiction has been divided between two writers — the canadian, margaret atwood, and the british author, bernardine evaristo. the judges decided to flout a rule that there should only be a single winner each year. this from our correspondent tolu adeoye. 0nly twice before in its 50—year history has the booker prize been split between joint winners. in fact, rules were introduced to stop this happening. but last night, thejudges could not separate margaret atwood and berna rdine evaristo. the testaments, margaret atwood's long—awaited follow—up to the handmaid's tale, was described by the head judge as a savage and beautiful novel. the 79—year—old is the oldest person to win the prize, and it was her second time. i am very surprised. i would have thought that i would have been too elderly. and i kind of don't need

the attention, so i'm very glad that you're getting some. thank you. bernardine evaristo made the shortlist for the first time with her eighth book. girl, woman, other was praised as something utterly magical. it follows 12 characters, mostly black british women. i — i suppose a lot of people say this. i never thought it would happen to me. and i will say that i am the first black woman to win this prize. applause. the authors will now share the £50,000 award, but winning one of the world's most prestigious literary prizes is about so much more. bernardine evaristo has described it as a game changer. tolu adeoye, bbc news. now — how's this for a story of friendship and companionship. zoo—keepers in russia didn't know what to do when a baby raccoon was abandoned by its mother. but another zoo had a plan — partner him up with a puppy. the bbc‘s tim allman has the story.

best of friends, with a bounce in their step. meet moshka the raccoon and broshka the dog. moshka had no—one to play with when he was brought to this zoo in the siberian city of irkutsk, so they put him in with broshka. now, they are as thick as thieves. translation: they not only get along well, but they supplement each other, study each other and take certain behaviours from each other. for example, the dog has already learned how to climb on people. the raccoon is a better teacher than the dog, i must say. dogs are less dangerous to raccoons than, say, cats when it comes to viruses and diseases. broshka, a friendly little chap, helped moshka learn how to eat solid foods, although it doesn't always go smoothly between them.

translation: the dog is very disappointed because its paws are not that grippy, and when the raccoon climbs somewhere, the dog sits and starts yelling. i have no idea how they see each other. does the dog think he is a raccoon? does the raccoon think he is a dog? a profound question for everyone to ponder. the keepers say they have no plans to split them up. as long as moshka and broshka get along, they will stick together. tim allman, bbc news. some more animal cuteness but still look away if you're not a fan of snakes. we celebrated the king cobra near a shopping district in thailand. the snake was about four metres long and weighed about 15 kg. it was eventually relocated to a forest reserve. that's about it for 110w. forest reserve. that's about it for now. you very much for watching.

well, here's the good news. the weather on tuesday is looking pretty decent across most of the uk. it should be a dry day, at least for most of us, and there'll be some sunshine around too. we'll be in between weather systems, so all of that rain we've just had will be clearing away out into the north sea. in fact, by dawn, i think we'll be in between weather systems. you can see this gap between the weather fronts here. that's going to be in place right across the uk during the course of tuesday. but there is a weather front heading our way, and that's going to sweep in soon after. so let's have a look at the forecast, then, through the early hours of the morning. still some rain around in the north—east of the country,

so newcastle, perhaps the borders of scotland, edinburgh maybe as well, a few spots of rain. but the vast majority of the country, i think, a dry end to the night. well, it's still wet, there are lots of puddles out there, but it won't be raining. and a bit of mist and fog first thing, for example, in the south—west of the country. so a bright day, i think, for most of us in store on tuesday. not completely dry, there is just a possibility of a few showers there in south—western parts of england, possibly wales too. but you'll notice the vast majority of the country enjoying that bright weather. there will be some clouds around. 17 in london, 14 expected in the north of the country. and then tuesday night, into the early hours of wednesday, we're expecting another weather front to move across the uk. that means wednesday morning it is looking wet across eastern areas. so, anywhere from london through into lincolnshire and eastern parts of scotland, there will be some rain around. but, by the time we get to wednesday afternoon, you can see the weather's much better again, and the sun's out.

so midweek, in the afternoon, there will be some sunshine. 16 in london, but cooler there in glasgow, around 12 degrees. and on thursday, we start to see a change. this area of low pressure is expected to roll in off the atlantic. it's quite a large area of low pressure. it's also quite slow—moving, so that means, once it starts moving in, it'lljust roll and roll all the way through the rest of the week, and into the weekend as well. so on thursday, we're expecting increasing winds and heavy, frequent showers across western parts of the uk. but on thursday still, across some central and eastern areas, the weather should be mostly bright. and then, by the time we get to friday and the weekend, that low pressure's parked over the uk. strong winds in the west and the south, frequent showers, but sunshine too. bye— bye.

this is bbc news. the headlines: the us has applied sanctions on turkey in response to the country's military offensive in northern syria. the war looks set to enter a new, dangerous phase, with syrian government forces on the move to help kurdish fighters under attack from turkish forces. protests have erupted in barcelona after spain's supreme court sentenced nine catalan separatist leaders to between nine and 13 years in prison. large crowds of protesters clashed with police at barcelona's international airport. margaret atwood and bernardine evaristo have been named thejoint winners of the 2019 booker prize after the judges broke their rules by declaring a tie. at 79, atwood is the oldest ever winner, while evaristo is the first black woman to win the prize.