the mail on sunday has carried out an undercover investigation in which its reporter spoke to a people smuggler based in the uk. comments made byjustin welby about borisjohnson‘s use of inflammatory language is the sunday times‘ lead. a claim from the prime minister that the eu is holding britain hostage over brexit is the sunday express‘ headline. and the daily star has reminiscent thoughts from suggs who compares skirmishes as a football hooligan to the battle of agincourt. it is our lead story, and the tragic deaths in the lorry. the observer goes with that lead. do you want to kick us of? this is a new line because we know that the police

investigation is ongoing and of course it is a most appalling and tragic story, and lots of people are trying to work out whether their relatives were in the lorries, but this is a story that relates to our relationship with the european migrant smuggling centre, part of the eu's law enforcement agency europe whole and has been at the pa rt europe whole and has been at the part of this inquiry which is global. what the story in the observer says is that the uk faces being excluded from this anti—trafficking unit because it is not clear about how our ability to participate would carry on after brexit, after 2020. after the transition period. there are so many criminal aspects to working with the eu. that is right, and euro poll is one of the big problems there. we have been arguing for some time about whether or not we can stay in

it, but the whole area of intelligence sharing, the security thing, and what the security services say is that most things are based on personal relationships, that's how they tend to operate, so they operate outside the kind of political structure, and that makes it easy to go and do that, but europe all is different because it is their police. there is a question mark about where we will be after that, and when something like this happens, you need that international effort. it is speed as well. if you have got that relationship and those open channels and you get wind of something in whatever part of europe it is, you can get on the phone or send an e—mail or dispatch people. if you are outside of that, it becomes much harder. there is more bureaucracy to do. the sunday

telegraph also carries that story on its front page but with a slightly different take. the telegraph as saying this is part of a wider conspiracy. they are talking about several lorries who may have smuggled 700 people into the country. and this is the problem now, we don't know at what tip of the iceberg we are dealing with. there have been an awful lot of people who have come in this way, and you can see why they do it, these freezer lorries are locked up, even the drivers can't get to them, one wonders about x—rays and things like that which we were talking about earlier, but it is the difficulty with illegal migrants. what the authorities do not know by its very nature is how many are here and how many are coming in. and it is interesting because there was a

discussion with one of the port authorities, and they pointed out that only 1% of the sealed refrigerated containers are actually checked. so we are learning a lot about the process. but since this terrible story broke a few days ago, people have been warning, in fact we we re people have been warning, in fact we were just talking about it, the smugglers were moving away from the busy ports like dover and felixstowe and moving around to the smaller ports where there are fewer border checks. if you are dealing with refrigerated goods, if you contaminate it by opening it up, he will make it worthless. the investigation is a live one. it has extended to china and vietnam, both governments have said they will cooperate. to what level do you think they will? the interest in

stopping people trafficking? it's difficult. it begs the question, why we re difficult. it begs the question, why were people trying to escape from those countries in the first place? we know neither of those two countries are particularly forthcoming with the freedom of information. the real problem is that people who are already here in this country, who may have come through a similar organisation or family is expecting to meet them, they will be very nervous about going to the authorities to say, yes, we know so and so was due for arrival on such and such a day, and because they are coming from quite strict regimes, they will be frightened, and that is a big problem. you will find out how this works if they come forward. police haveissued works if they come forward. police have issued an amnesty here for people from vietnam. the archbishop of canterbury, not what it looks like. it is more about divisive

language. the archbishop of canterbury is worried that the inflammatory language that boris johnson and the brexiteers have been using is causing more division. he is not the first to say that, as far asi is not the first to say that, as far as i know, he is the most senior cleric in britain to have a go at borisjohnson. conversely, almost ironically, the thing about brexit fiow ironically, the thing about brexit now in the house of commons is it has become a religion, and the zealots are on both sides, whether it is remain or leave, and there's fio it is remain or leave, and there's no way of shifting them. one would hope the intervention of the archbishop might actually be able to help us along. it has a feel of the reformation about it, it is almost like catholics and protestants, that is what levers and remainer are like. they won't budge. they are so certain of their rightness that

there is nothing anyone can do to dissuade them. this is an interview that the archbishop of canterbury, who is in the democratic congo, has done. he is talking about people affected by an ebola outbreak but is talking about what is happening here are ten. what i think is most interesting is it is a real barber against borisjohnson who sees himself as churchill reinvented, he has always said churchill was his hero. justin welby says that political leaders can no longer behave in the same way as churchill, who was well—known for his somewhat inflammatory put—downs in parliament, but this is happening at a time when we have social media which amplifies things in a of deep uncertainty. i think that is a really direct barb at borisjohnson.

what is interesting is... the churchill thing is interesting because he was very keen on language to make language work, so it is things like he realised you had to have quite matches things for invasions and so on because parents would not want to send their kids to be killed and something called operation bunny hug. is that a secret one? he is someone who knew about language and how to use it, i bet he would not have used it this way. he wouldn't. this is coming out only a couple of days after that rather shocking academic research that showed that the public broadly think the mps should put up with threats, even if they are death threats, even if they are death threats, because they want to get... it goes back to what nigel said, from brexiteers and remainers, they don't care as long as they get their way. let's stay with the times. it

seems as if there is division in corbin's inner circle over an election. this is karie murphy, jeremy corbyn's elections chief now. with the shadow chancellor, john mcdonnell, both powerful figures in the party. they are arguing at the moment about whether to have an election, how that election would actually work, so karie murphy likes the idea of sending jeremy corbyn out, rather like in 2017, almost carpet bombing him across the country to win as many votes as possible. john mcdonnell likes the idea of target seats because this is ina idea of target seats because this is in a little different election to 2017, and they are arguing about it, obviously, we have to get through monday and see whether there will be an election. it is looking certain at the moment, it is unlikely label the for it. i think they are just a split as the tories are and it's

very difficult. i don't if you picked up near the beginning of this article, jeremy corbyn was put in a position where he had to reassure members of the party that he is up toa campaign. members of the party that he is up to a campaign. apparently, he said he is eating a lot of porridge, which is a marvellous advertisement for porridge! or not, depending what side you are on. there is a marvellous advertisement in the window of the funeral parlour in the town i live in, and it looked awfully like jeremy corbyn! town i live in, and it looked awfully likejeremy corbyn! there is all of this sort of stuff, but of course the labour party is in a terrible turmoil about whether to vote for an election because they will be seen as holding everything back. if you are in opposition, surely you want an election? day after day, they say they are holding back the country. staying with elections, as far as the electoral roll goes, we could be missing quite

a few age groups thatjeremy corbyn would like to see on there. this is about getting 16—year—olds added onto the electoral roll, and the cabinet office, who i think is in charge of all of this, have told ministers that it would take six months to make sure that that was possible. now, we know that 16—year—olds were allowed to vote in the scottish rail referendum or those year ago in the dim and distant past, there is a huge argument had they been able to vote in the referendum on europe, it might‘ve been a outcome. i was a lwa ys might‘ve been a outcome. i was always quite opposed to the idea, but i have actually come round to thinking that 16—year—olds should have the vote. most of the young people that i work with in schools and democratic organisations to get them involved in politics are really well—informed, they want to know, and they should because the decisions that are being taken, and as we move towards hung parliaments

and indecision and the merging of political parties and political ideology, these people really do need to have a say in their future, and they need to get in the habit of voting. i have come the opposite direction. i used to be incredibly enthusiastic about a 16—year—old vote but i am still madly in favour but now i think there is a risk from it on the basis of, you have got to think about what that means. if they are old enough to govern, are they old enough to have a tattoo, take a bet, drink alcohol, have cigarettes, by knives? you would think they were. the one thing that made me think twice about this is if you make 16 the age of adulthood, how would people feel about juvenile offenders serving their sentences in aduu offenders serving their sentences in adult prisons? good question. let's finish with a front page of the mail on sunday. both of you following the

rugby? sadly, no, only from a distance but i could hear the rules and shouts. i was walking through the town, i thought, why are the pubs open at this time? then i realised that people could watch it. a fantastic photograph on many of the papers of some of the england's winning team. a great result. wouldn't it be great if next saturday england were playing wales? that is the one we would like to see. that is the final, and the wales match is tomorrow, wales versus south africa. so, no! that's it for the papers this hour. jo and nigel will be back at 11:30pm for another look at the papers, and don't forget you can see the front pages of the papers online on the bbc news website. it's all there for you seven days a week at bbc.co.uk/ papers and, if you miss the programme any evening, you can watch it later on bbc iplayer. thank you, jo and nigel. next on bbc news, it's click.

every single day, we upload 4 million hours of video to youtube. we send 682 million tweets. we post over 67 million instagram pictures. 4.4 billion of us use the internet. and collectively, we create 2.5 exabytes, that is 2.5 million tb or 2.5 quintillion bytes of data every single day.

and a significant proportion of all of that data, searches, news, social media, video streaming, goes through here. this is telehouse north, one of the most important parts of the internet backbone. it is one of four buildings here in london full of computers, cables, cooling equipment, and sheer geekery. the internet was built on many earlier ideas but the big one happens exactly 50 years ago this week. the work had origins in 1969, when the american defence department, specifically, the advanced research projects agency, decided it needed a network to connect about a dozen university computer systems together in order to promote sharing of information and acceleration of research and artificial intelligence. and so they promoted the design and development of a packet switch

network which they call arper net. on october 29, 1969, at 10:30 in the evening, the first message was sent. a computer at the university of california in los angeles sent a word to stanford research institute in san francisco. the word was "log in". although the system crashed before they got to the "".g nevertheless, those two nodes became hundreds and then thousands and then millions of connections. a global network of networks now consists of over 1.2 million kilometres of submarine cables, sometimes laid as deep as mount everest is high. these connect massive server buildings and immeasurably more smaller cables connect those to individual computers. an interconnected network

that was named the internet. it's important to understand that the internet is not the world wide web. the web is a great invention, it's the way that data, webpages, services and documents are arranged, accessed and addressed but all of that sits on top of the hardware that is the internet. which allows many, many networks to talk to each other in a really clever way. so, say you want to watch a cute video of a cat. well, your request to see the video shoots out of your device along regional networks, and races through telehouse north. and off across the globe to where the video is stored. and this is where is gets really clever. sending the whole video in one go down one route will likely mean it will get stuck in traffic and take ages.

so the video is torn apart, broken up, split into little packets and each one makes its own way back down different routes. and when they start arriving back at your device, they're juggled into the right order and once enough of the start of the video has arrived there's your cat, as cute as you want it. my name is vint cerf, i am vice president and chief evangelist at google but people know me as one of the co—inventors of the internet. first of all, the good part, as the world wide we emergered, there was this enormous desire in the general population that had access to the internet to share information that they knew, and the world wide web was a tremendous facilitating means by which this could be done. then, in the 2000s, we start to see

the arrival of social networking. but those platforms have been essentially subverted by some people who like to use them as a way of injecting this information and disinformation into the system for either political or other nefarious purposes. so we have a tough problem ahead of us, which is to try and help people distinguish good quality information from bad quality information. some people hope that this could be done algorithmically. i'm not as sanguine about that. algorithmic detection, misinformation and disinformation is not so easy. the expectation that artificial intelligence and machine learning and computer programming will somehow solve all these

problems is an expectation which can't be fulfilled. some people will say the country should have rules and enforceable rules that suppress misinformation and disinformation. just make all that bad stuff go away. that particular practice has a very dark abusive side. it is called censorship which is intended to suppress access to information that the general public should have. there are regimes in the world that view any information which is critical of the regime is unacceptable and therefore should be censored. i actually think that the best tool we have for dealing with misinformation and disinformation is called wetware, and it's up here. it's exercise in what is called critical thinking where you ask questions like "where did this information come from? does it have corroborating references from legitimate sources?" all those things should be top

of mind, should be part of a digital literacy we need to have as we use these online technologies that are so global in scope. one thing that we know you will see, i'm sure you will see, is the expansion of the internet off the planet. way back in 1998, we began asking ourselves, what would happen if we had a network that was the size of the solar system that could support space exploration? so we now have a set of protocols that together create an interplanetary backbone network. it's in operation beteween earth, mars and the international space station. so you can anticipate there will be an evolving interplanetary backbone over the next several decades to support man and robotic exploration.

this exhibition at london's barbican provides an insight into a! data training. huge numbers of pictures like these are needed to create artificially intelligent algorithms. from 'apple' to 'anomaly‘, attempts to show visitors how something so simple to categorise, for example an apple is an apple, we all agree on that. but some concepts are a lot harder to explain. and the algorithms that we create have to deal with these abstract ideas. even as a human, it can be quite tricky to identify what an artist model or a 'creep' may look like or in fact many of the concept set up here. yet people are having to create these categories and then teach what they believe to be the right

answers to the machines. it's a database that is organised into concepts and each of those concepts have pictures associated with them. but as you go further through the installation, the concepts get more abstract, we move through apple pickers, other things having to do with apples, but at the end we arrive at anomaly. the concept of an anomaly seems very abstract, and yet abstract concepts like this are still built into technical system. you have a concept like a bad person, for example, that indicates a certain worldview. the whole point of this is that we may think that al is all about technology, algorithms and statistics but actually it has human bias at the heart of it. take the search term 'obama' for instance. obama shows up like a figure in many many different categories.

it‘s almost like a ‘where‘s waldo?‘ kind of thing, labelled by the people that made the training set as good person, a bad person, a greedy person, a leader, a loser, what you find and i think what the example of obama speaks to, is that you have a kind of underlining bedrock of sludge and contradictions and absurdities quite often that the ai systems are built on. to make this installation, i pretty much sat down and looked at 11! million images that were organised into tens of thousands of categories. the database that the installation is drawing from was made by researchers who went and scraped the internet so they collected tens of millions of pictures, they put those images together and then hired online workers on the amazon platform to sort those pictures into many, many thousands of categories. all of this leaves me feeling

there are so many different ways of seeing the same thing and as a person you add some contextual and cultural judgement to that. but the question is, can we train a machine to do the same? and i‘m afraid that‘s it for the shortcut of click this week, the full—length version is up on iplayer and is waiting for you right now. this isjust a quick reminder you have less than one week left to register for tickets for click live, it‘s in dundee in scotland this year and if you can be there on november 19, we would love to see you. the website you need is bbc. co. uk/showsandtours. that‘s it for now, thanks for watching, and we‘ll see you soon.

hello once again. to say there was a real mixture of weather on offer across the british isles on saturday would be something of an understatement. for many parts of the midlands, eastern england, and some of the southern counties, it really did look as grim as that. further west, at least there was some sunshine to finish off your afternoon across parts of wales and south—west england, the north of england, too. but further north, again, into the northern half of scotland, there have been showers aplenty throughout the day and that is because you are that much closer to the centre of the low pressure so the atmosphere very unstable, it will keep that prospect of the showers going. a lot of isobars there as well so it has been windy as well. eventually, that frontal system will gradually work its way that little bit further towards the south and east, and what is left behind, still some pretty gusty conditions, so do watch out if you are moving later on tonight or into the first part of sunday, the wind really noticeable, particularly across northern parts

of scotland, where we‘ll keep the showers going, so to into the west of scotland, may be parts of northern ireland, the western side of the pennines. eventually, that frontal system will pull away towards the near continent. so, it takes the rain away but it will also take the last of the milder air, one or two spots on saturday in kent got up to in excess of 18 degrees. we won‘t be seeing that sort of thing again for a good few days to come. and the nights are pretty chilly as well, starting with tonight. two, three, 4 degrees in the south will come as a shock, there could be a touch of frost when the windfalls light. the nightjust that little bit longer to cool things off as well because remember the clocks are going to back one hour. this is how we start the new day on sunday. england, wales, the greater part of northern ireland, the southern portions of scotland, dry, fine, sunny, crisp, it is the other face of autumn. what is also noticeable is it stays windy and very showery across northern and eastern parts of scotland, one or two showers

into the northern coast of ireland and the western side of the pennine. but much cooler, forget about 18, it is hello, 12 or 13. at the very best. and that is the way we proceed into the first half of the forthcoming week. it is drier, for the most part, it is sunnier, but it is also noticeably colder. from about the middle part of the week, we‘ll see some cloud and rain getting into the far south—west and, in the second half of the week, it turns milder again. it turns wetter and much windier too.