this is bbc news. welcome if you're watching here in the uk or around the globe. i'm james reynolds. our top stories: a prominent indigenous leader is shot dead in a protected zone in the north of brazil. authorities blame illegal loggers. in the biggest turnout since conflict broke out, iraqi security forces disperse tens of thousands of anti—government protesters with tear gas and live ammunition. airbnb promises closer monitoring of potential guests after five people were killed at a halloween house party in san francisco. celebrations for south africans after the springboks crush england in the rugby world cup. for many a victory that goes beyond the sport.

an indigenous brazilian activist who campaigned to protect the rain forest has been shot dead in what appears to have been a targeted killing. paulo guajajara had recently told journalists that he was scared about the situation in his reserve, where illegal loggers and miners were operating. indigenous groups have accused brazil's far right government of failing to protect them. bill hayton reports. this is the kind of direct action paulo guajajara was involved in — catching illegal loggers red—handed. in this incident, filmed in september, a group from his tribe intercepted a truck loaded with tree trunks and the tools of this illegal trade. with the nearest police station hundreds of kilometres away,

members of the guajajara tribe feel this is the only way to protect their land from destruction. the guardians of the forest, as they call themselves, say their home made weapons have cut illegal logging by half over the past decade. in an interview six weeks ago paulo guajajara said it was dangerous work. translation: i'm scared sometimes, but we have to lift up our heads and act. we are here fighting. but he said it was important to act now to preserve a future for his children. translation: we are protecting our land and the life on it, the animals, the birds, even the other tribes who are here, too. there is so much destruction of nature happening, good trees, with wood as hard as steel being cut down and ta ken away.

brazil's justice minister described the killing as a grave crime and promised it would be investigated. but indigenous groups blame his government for the rising number of attacks by illegal loggers and miners. the president has cut funding for environmental agencies and indigenous rights groups since taking office injanuary. activists say tribes have no alternative but to try to protect themselves. deep in the forest, the fight goes on. bill hayton, bbc news. iraqi security forces have fired tear gas and live ammunition to disperse tens of thousands of anti—government protesters in the biggest turnout since the conflict broke out a month ago. prime minister adil abdul mahdi has promised to resign, but protestors are demanding sweeping changes to the entire political system. freya cole has the details. in tahrir square in baghdad, a groundswell of government opposition. these pictures, captured by drones, show the scale of dissatisfaction with the country's political elite.

the mass movement is the biggest since the downfall of saddam hussein and it shows no sign of slowing down. iraqi security forces have flexed their military might since tensions boiled over a month ago. this young protester says soldiers are throwing tear gas bombs directly at their heads instead of the ground. it's just one of the causes of mass injury — and more than 250 people have been killed, many of them young men. this derelict tower block has become a central gathering place during the uprising. volunteers have restored power to the building and they are serving free food. while it offers a sense of community and security, the building is a key vantage point, and is under constant threat. translation: the security forces

have tried more than once to remove us and take control of it. they used various kinds of violence and tear gas, but they couldn't do it. we won't leave the building as it is looking over the tahrir square. iraqi prime minister adil abdul mahdi has vowed to resign if a replacement can be found, but protesters want much more. they're demanding sweeping changes to a political system which, they say, has left the majority of people without basic rights and prospects for a bright future. freya cole, bbc news. a bomb has exploded in a town in northern syria occupied by turkish forces, killing at least 13 people. the turkish defence ministry has blamed the kurdish ypg militia group for the attack in a region controlled until last month by the kurdish—led syrian democratic forces. no group has said it carried out the attack in tal abyad, which is close to the turkish border. here's the bbc‘s middle east analyst, alan johnston.

the moments after the blast. in this mode, amid the debris, they tried to ta ke mode, amid the debris, they tried to take in what's just happened. this was a car bomb. it went off near a market. civilians were among the casualties, but also syrian paramedic —— para militiamen who we re paramedic —— para militiamen who were allied with the turkish military. the dates, in a major offensive, recently took this down from fighters. turkey regards them as terrorists and it has been determined to drive them away from border areas like this. the turks have blamed the kurdish ypg militia for the bombing. the ypg hasn't responded to the accusation. the town is in its first days under turkish military control, but what's just happened suggest making a secure will not be easy. alan

johnston, bbc news. let's look at some other stories in brief. police in mongolia say they have detained more than 800 chinese nationals as part of an investigation into a cybercrime ring. more than 1,000 personal computers and 10,000 mobile phone sim cards were also confiscated. the detainees are suspected of online gambling and money laundering offences. attempts by ten asian countries to create the world's largest trading bloc have floundered at a summit in the thai capital, bangkok, over demands raised by india. leaders at the meeting of the association of southeast asian nations, or asean, will spend a second day on sunday trying to secure a trade deal backed by china and india. two green party leaders in germany say they've received death threats from a german offshoot of an american neo—nazi group. they were sent by e—mail to the offices ofjem 0ezdemir, who's of turkish descent, and claudia rawt. theirs were the first names on what purported to be a hit list. ms rawt said the threats were the latest attempt to intimidate politicians, jews, muslims, artists, and people from

immigrant backgrounds. airbnb says it will ban so—called "party houses" after five people were killed in a shooting at a california home that had been rented through the service. airbnb‘s ceo brian chesky tweeted that the company would redouble its efforts to "combat unauthorised parties and get rid of abusive hosts and guest conduct". 0ur correspondent chris buckler has the details. for anyone who has not used airbnb, it's a website that allows people to go on and advertise their rooms or their houses for generally a short—term let and other people can go on and rent them. but there have been some horror stories in the past. for example, there was a man who was banned from airbnb after renting a property and cramming 250 people in it for a new year's eve party. and there have been many stories of houses being badly damaged

by those who have rented them. and parties have been a big issue for the company for a very long time. but what has led them to act is a party that was thrown at a home in 0rinda, which is an affluent suburb in san francisco last week. a woman rented the house, claiming she wanted to find a place to allow her asthmatic family to escape from the smoke from the california wildfires. in fact, she threw a halloween party in which 100 people turned up and it descended into violence, in which there where shootings and five people died in their 20s and their late teens. now, airbnb has said that is completely unacceptable and they say they are going to put in place new policies that will ban party houses. that might prove difficult to do, but brian chesky, who is the co—founder and chief executive officer of airbnb has set out a number of things that they are going to do. he says, they are going to create a dedicated party house rapid response team and that they are going to screen high—risk

reservations, among other things. he's pretty blunt in these posts on twitter. he says, "we must do better and we will". 0ur washington correspondent chris buckler there. donald trump has been making another appearance at a sporting event and once again, he received a somewhat mixed response. there was some booing as he entered the mixed martial arts event at new york's madison square garden, although there was plenty of applause for the president too. it's the second time he has been booed at a sports event this week. baseball fans at a world series game in washington also shouted "lock him up". south africa are the rugby world cup champions for the third time in the tournament's history. the springboks took the title

injapan beating england 32 points to 12 in the final, overpowering the english in the second half of the game. andrew harding reports from johannesburg. the final whistle, and across south africa, the sense of a nation coming together, celebrating more thanjust a rugby match. it means unity, it means unity to south africa. we have been needing this. so it wasjust an amazing atmosphere. really the peoples enjoying it, everybody together, south africa as one nation. this is actually something positive that we can actually celebrate as a country, and, yeah, well done to the boks. after years of slow racial transformation, south africa finally has a rainbow team. this is what we can do as a team when we decide on one goal and one dream and we give it our best, so thank you very much. cheering. it's 2a years since nelson mandela celebrated south africa's first rugby world cup victory, but that

team was overwhelmingly white. today, captain siya kolisi has become a new symbol of hope and progress in a country still facing huge challenges. for years, the news from south africa has been relentlessly bad — corruption, inequality, a country losing its way. does today change that? of course not, but this victory is a reminder of the bigger picture of how much has changed here since the days of racial apartheid. this is, after all, a vibrant, young democracy with a world beating rugby team. andrew harding, bbc news, johannesburg. stay with us on bbc world news. still to come: from blast—off to bake off — the rocket carrying an oven into space as astronauts prepare to make the first cookies in orbit. the israeli prime minister, yitzhak rabin, the architect

of the middle east peace process, has been assassinated. a 27—year—old jewish man has been arrested, and an extremistjewish organisation has claimed responsibility for the killing. at polling booths throughout the country, they voted on a historic day for australia. as the results came in, it was clear. the monarchy would survive. of the american hostages, there was no sign. they are being held somewhere inside the compound, and student leaders have threatened that should the americans attempt rescue, they will all die. this mission has surpassed all expectations. voyageri is now the most distant man—made object anywhere in the universe, and itjust seems to keep on going. tonight, we proved once more that the true strength of our nation comes not from the might of our arms, or the scale of our wealth, but from the enduring power of our ideals.

this is bbc world news. the latest headlines: a prominent indigenous leader has been shot dead in a protected zone in the north of brazil. authorities are blaming illegal loggers. it's almost six decades since the brutal war of independence in algeria came to an end and france was forced to withdraw from its former north african colony. left behind were thousands of algerians who had chosen to fight on the side of the french army. they then faced brutal persecution. 0ur colleagues at witness history have been hearing from one algerian man, serge carel, who sided with the french, but was left to his own fate when the europeans went home.

translation: the harki were local forces on the side of the french army in algeria's independence war. we gave everything for france. but what we didn't know was that france would abandon us. archive: as tension rises in french north africa, france arms her algerian supporters for defence against rebels. —— france arms her algerian supporters for defence against rebel raids. the prefect of the province personally hands out weapons to muslim recruits at nedroma, where hundreds are being enrolled daily. translation: i was about 17.5, 18 years old at the time. you had to choose between france and the fln rebels. my father had been in the french army and had fought in world war i. my brothers were also in the french army, so i chose france. i was proud of what we did. proud of serving france.

we were always sent out in front of the french troops. if there was an attack, the harki would be the first to die. we had to get rid of the fln fighters who were terrorising the population. we always knew that one day, algeria would gain its independence. what general de gaulle should have done is take all the harki and their families to safety in france. but when independence was declared in 1962,

the french disarmed the harki and left us defenceless. the fln took advantage of this and began to round us all up. they took me to a barracks where there were about 50 other harki prisoners. there was blood everywhere. they stripped me naked and started torturing me with electric shocks. each time a new group of soldiers came on shift, they began again. the same thing, every day. the fln even made us dig our own graves. some people were thrown in alive, some were thrown into the river and the jackals did the rest.

i was arrested onjuly the 8th, 1962, and i escaped on september the 10th, 1962. it took me a long time to feel welcome here in france. i decided to change my name and convert to catholicism. i wanted to make a fresh start. i could say that i was born under a lucky star and that i am lucky. but not all the harki were so lucky, and that's the fault of france. the story of serge carel from algeria. astronauts on board the international space station will soon have the chance to test their baking skills. a rocket carrying a cargo craft

launched from the us state of virginia carrying nearly four tons of freight, including an oven and baking ingredients. the scientific experiment will observe what effect the weightless conditions will have on the shape and consistency of the biscuits. dr ken kremer of space upclose told us how the oven would work. it is something really important for the astronauts, it is basically a cylinder that has some heating elements coiled around it. and they will put the cookies inside. it'll take one hour to heat up the oven, about half an hour to bake it, and half an hour to let it cool and then, they will take ‘em out. so it is going to take quite a bit longer than cooking here on earth. how will they taste? that's the big question — will the astronauts actually taste them? well, i can tell you. i've actually got some of those

cookies right here that we got from doubletree, the company that is sponsoring this experiment. and they taste pretty good to me. how they will taste in space, we don't know. it is an experiment. it is a good experiment. why we are doing this is because we want to bring the comforts of earth up to space. the astronauts will be up there for quite a long time. they don't want to eat reconstituted food. it is nice to have fresh food. was this a request from the astronauts themselves? that they wanted chocolate chip cookies to bake themselves? i don't think it was a request but the astronauts are always looking for improvements to the menu. what happened in this case was actually, the zero—g kitchen, they mentioned it to nasa, who gets very many experimental proposals and they said that they would work with the team to make these zero—g cookies. so there was a suggestion

from the outside that the astronauts are always looking for something good to eat, just like you and i. i bet they were! how important is good food to astronauts in space? i'm glad you asked. it is critical. do you want meals ready to eat every day? not really! i don't think so. you want a little variety and have a little fresh stuff. this is good for their psychological comfort. and for their taste. so it is really important to have the comforts of home up there in space and to eat something that is fresh, instead ofjust reconstituted or you add water or you just heat it, so it is fresh, so it should be really nice. here in england, you can buy that freeze—dried ice cream. it tastes kind of funny. but i guess what they want in space is fresh food. where does this end? will they be able to roastjoints of meat in space, do barbecues? actually, they are doing an experiment to create artificial meat and we have experiments already to grow vegetables,

the veggie experiment is already up there. so we are growing lettuce and the astronauts get to taste that, and they are happy when they get to taste that — something fresh, from home. we are already doing other kinds of things, but this is the first cookie in space. the world —famous caves in the northern province of chiang rai in thailand have officially re—opened to tourists. they had been closed to visitors since the wild boars football team and their coach were rescued alive last year after nearly three weeks trapped inside. tiffany sweeney reports. the settling cave has now reopened and is welcoming tourists for the first time since the dramatic rescue that captivated the world. —— the tham luang cave. over a year ago, 12 boys entered the vast cave in northern thailand with their football coach to relax after training. a trip that went horribly wrong. flooding left the team trapped inside the cave for 17 days. they were eventually freed in an international rescue effort

that involved more than 90 divers. more than1 million people have visited the cave in the past year, but they have not been allowed to go inside. translation: we have been gradually improving this area. today is one of new beginnings. we are now in a trial phase to see how many tourists we can take into and out of the cave. at the moment, we think we can safely control the entrance of the cave and, therefore, we opened it for visitors to come and see. the world—famous cave reopening has attracted 2,000 tourists in a single day. translation: it's fascinating. it's a total miracle that the boys were trapped inside the cave and they were still unharmed. i think it's to do with their luck. the death of a former thai navy seal and rescue volunteer who ran out of air while returning through the caves highlighted just how dangerous the mission was. a year later, the boys have had their story detailed in books, documentaries, and have secured the rights to a netflix series.

tiffany sweeney, bbc news. as wildfires have raged across parts of eastern australia, there have been concerns over the fate of hundreds of koalas. many are believed to have died in the flames, centred around 400km north of sydney. but, as the bbc‘s tim allman reports, there have been some survivors. his name, for reasons unexplained, is corduroy paul, and he's been very, very lucky indeed. he was found curled up in a ball, dehydrated and clinging to life. along with another koala called anwin, corduroy paul survived the fires that have ravaged his habitat. thousands of hectares of land destroyed, trees and foliage turned to ash. koalas are especially vulnerable, often defenceless in the face of the flames. it's just gone straight through and very little

would actually survive in there unscathed. wallabies, kangaroos, deer can get out because they can run, but koalas just really can't. in the last few days, sydney has been shrouded in smoke. the strong winds have fanned dozens of bushfires. they are an annual occurrence, but they have come unusually early this year. there are no reports so far of any injuries to people, at least, but the scale of what's happening is frightening, nonetheless. very scary. we've been clearing out as much as we can of leaf litter and stuff like that, but what else can you do? this whole area is home to a very rare, genetically diverse koala population. as these fires recede, they will look to see how many remain. corduroy paul may have survived but for others, it could well be a different story. tim allman, bbc news. you can reach me on twitter.

i'm @jamesbbcnews. hello there. there was a stormy start to the weekend for some of us, particularly into southern england, the isles of scilly, and to the channel islands as well, some stormy seas here. we saw some high wind gusts. on an exposed weather station on the isle of wight, 109 mph, 83 mph at plymouth, 61 at guernsey. still quite blustery in the day ahead, but nowhere near as stormy saturday was. —— as saturday was. still low pressure and control. —— still low pressure in control. some brisk winds around the coast of south—west england and in northern scotland, where saturday was quite windy. there is a bit of wet weather to be had. we start the day with a few fog patches where the winds are light

through northern ireland and parts of north—west england, wales and the midlands where you had clear spells overnight, but outbreaks of rain and showers running through parts of eastern england to begin with and lots of cloud in northern england with lots of us seeing rain for a time, and further outbreaks of rain. the intensity easing across parts of northern and eastern scotland. another spell of rain running up to south—west england towards south wales. these are average wind speed back. the winds will start to strengthen again with this moving in. some gusts of around a0 mph, similar gusts to the far north of scotland. temperatures topping out at around 10—14 celsius, and there will be some dry areas, some sunshine to be had in places, but as we go through sunday night, low pressure makes another push at us with the spell of rain running northward through parts of england and wales, reaching northern ireland as well, with the risk of some heavier downpours here and further rain pushing on across eastern scotland. some of that looks heavy. nowhere particularly cold to start monday. clearly, low pressure is in charge. quite blustery through parts of scotland.

an easterly wind coming in. again, for the south coast of england, more like a southerly or south—westerly wind. heavy showers across the south will come with a rumble of thunder. some outbreaks of rain in northern ireland and scotland. bot too much of that towards the westernmost fringes of scotland. — not too much of that towards the westernmost fringes of scotland. temperatures starting to fall a little bit in scotland later in the day. more widespread with a cooler feel on tuesday, because we are dragging this air down from the north. low pressure beginning to move away. some dry weather and showers around across eastern parts, and there is going to be a brief, colder lull in the weather towards midweek as we cool off across the uk, but i'm afraid it will not be long before rain comes back in from the atlantic later in the week.

this is bbc news. the headlines: an indigenous brazilian has been killed inside a protected area in the north of the country. community leaders say paulo guajajara was shot in the head by a logger who had invaded a reservation. the logger was shot and killed in the clash. iraqi security forces have fired tear gas and rounds of live ammunition to disperse tens of thousands of anti—government demonstrators in the biggest turnout since the conflict broke out a month ago. protesters are demanding sweeping changes to the country's political system. the online property rental company, airbnb, is to ban bookings by guests who intend to use the accommodation for house parties. it follows the deaths of five people in san francisco, where a party ended in a shoot—out on halloween night. the company says screening of customers will be improved. you're up to date

with the headlines.