hello, i'm ros atkins, this is outside source. experts warn the point of no return on climate change is hurtling towards us as political leaders gather at a summit to tackle the biggest issue of our times do we really want to be remembered as the generation that buried its hand in the sand, that fiddled whilst the planet burnt. in england, vigils are held for those killed and injured in friday's attack at london bridge as new accounts emerge of the heroism of the bystanders, who brought down the attacker. it felt like a war zone. it felt like total chaos but these guys step

up like total chaos but these guys step up in the moment and did what few would do and put their own lives in harms way. and the american woman who says she was brought to britain to have sex with prince andrew urges the public to stand beside her. we'll havejonny dymond to explain what this latest development means for the royal family. and coming up we'll speak to someone live in the pacific island nation of samoa, where a measles outbreak, is causing serious concern. global climate talks have opened in madrid. negotiators from almost 200 countries will talk for two weeks. their headline goal is carbon neutrality by 2050 but the big question is how. right now, the world is far from on track. this is the message

from the un secretary general. there is no time and no reason to delay, we have the tools, the science and the resources. we also have the political will that people demand from us. to do anything less will be a betrayal of our entire humanfamily will be a betrayal of our entire human family for generations to come. without the full engagements, all our efforts will be undermined. china and the us are the two biggest emitters. together they account for more than 40% of the global total of greenhouse gases. we know donald trump pulled the us out of the paris climate accord of 2015 and he isn't attending this summit. there is a us delegation though, republicans opted out of being part of it. nancy pelosi, speaker of the house of representatives, senior democrat, opted to go. we are here to say to all of you, on behalf of the half of

representatives in the united states, we a re representatives in the united states, we are still in it. —— at the house of representatives. this graph shows three scenarios — if the world does nothing, if we stick with current policies or if promises made by countries which signed the paris climate ows three scenarios — they implement paris, the world would still warm by almost 3 degrees celcius above pre—industrial levels by the end of this century. this graphs shows what needs to be done to reach the 2030 emissions target agreed in paris. back in 2010, we had to reduce emissions by 3.3 % each year to reach that goal. now, to do the same, it'll take almost 8 % each year. and if we wait another 5 years, that'll go up to more than 15 %.

the longer we go on, the more drastic the action required. science editor david shukman has more from the conference in madrid. 0ver over the years these massive events haven't always worked to a coherent outcome. because it is so complicated there are so many different parallel cracks of negotiations. there are the formal ones that take place amongst the teams of delegates from all different countries, assisted by the un and other experts and then you have informal talks, slightly outside the process and that is sometimes where the biggest breakthroughs are going to come if they are going to come at all. all they are going to come at all. all the time, you have various leaders of all the countries, some here, others back in their capitals, communicating to see if they can do any kind of deal. it is incredibly difficult to keep across it if you area difficult to keep across it if you are a reporter but also if you are at the centre of it all in the un,

trying to understand how to advance things forward. the effect, the result, it is always that any steps that had ta ken result, it is always that any steps that had taken a pretty small. i'm wondering what it is like in the middle because of from the outside looking in the language is so stark from the un, climate scientists about the well‘s failure to respond adequately to this challenge. inside the bubble, is there a despondency? i think there is. there is a growing frustration. i have detected over yea rs of frustration. i have detected over years of reporting on these events and a growing openness, a desire to be outspoken on the failings of the process. it was really stunning to interview the un secretary general last night and to hear him being extremely blunt about the failings of the process, the failure of the world to respond to what the scientists basically say is blindingly obvious and also to point

out that some of the biggest emitters around the world, i think he had in mind china and other countries in asia, obviously america as well, are still investing in coal, still burning coal, the dirtiest of the fossil fuels and he has urged them not to build any more coal fire power stations as of next year but as he himself concedes, there is still a very long list of construction plans for exactly those kind of power stations so i think he recognises that despite everything he and others have been saying about this topic for years, there is still a massive uphill struggle and one very clear indicator of that is that the graph of emissions, greenhouse gases, that are heating up the planet, that graph is still going up and not down. we will have further comments from madrid a little bit later in the programme. memorials have been held today for the two people killed in friday's london bridge terror attack.

we stand in silence once more following the atrocity on london bridge last friday. 0ur city, vibrant and alive yet threatened with death. let us keep silent and remember. the victims were named over the weekend as jack merritt and saskia jones. they were both graduates of the university of cambridge, and were attending an event for the university's learning together programme, which focuses on education within the criminaljustice system. saskia jones was 23. she had recently completed a masters degree in criminology and had applied for a police graduate recruitment programme. she aimed to specialise in victim support. here's what one of her former tutors has said today. she was outstanding. she stood out. she was outstanding. she stood out. she always are, i don't know if you when you are at university and you ask a question and the room is

silent, she was always the first person to have something to say and it started the discussions. she started all of the discussions. she would disagree and she would disagree because she had evidence to disagree because she had evidence to disagree with people in the room. she stood up for her own values will stop she was funny, she had so many friends. everybody loved her. jack merritt was 25 and also studied criminology. he was the course co—ordinator for the learning together programme. bryonn bain worked with mr merritt and was at fishmonger‘s hall on friday. he was brave in his own regard. he was the first line of defence, he was the first line of defence, he was the first person to confront him at the door. he was inspiring. he had a bright light in his eyes and he was a young kid but he was a cambridge grad so he could have been anywhere, done anything with his

elite education, his privileged education and he chose to spend most of the last day of his life... in a statement, jack meritt‘s family said "we knowjack would not want this terrible, isolated incident to be used as a pretext by the government for introducing even more draconian sentences on prisoners, orfor detaining people in prison for longer than necessary." but this story has rapidly become politicised. here's a piece borisjohnson wrote for the daily mail over the weekend — it promised an end for automatic early release for terrorists. and here he is speaking to andrew marr on the bbc yesterday. i think this whole system of automatic early release which was brought in by labour, it was under that system. 0nly been in office... the leader of the conservative party has been in powerfor ten years.

the leader of the conservative party has been in power for ten years. the reason. . . has been in power for ten years. the reason... 0ne has been in power for ten years. the reason. . . one reason has been in power for ten years. the reason... one reason we are having the selection, we need to get brexit done so that we can move forward. i think it is ridiculous, i think it is repulsive that individuals as dangerous as this man should be allowed out after serving only eight yea rs allowed out after serving only eight years and that is why we are going to change the law. a few things to correct, parliament didn't block the plan, it had... the prime minister said first of all, the queen's speech was actually passed by parliament in october. given this was a rare parliamentary victory for the prime minister, it's a surprise he got that wrong. we've heard there that the previous labour government was responsible for that automatic early release law that saw the attacker leave prison after eight years. the reality is much more complicated.

susana mendonca explains. in 2008 the criminaljustice and immigration act allowed offenders to leave. in 2012, usman khan pleaded guilty to a terror offence and was handed and indeterminate prison sentence which was to be a minimum of eight years. a law passed scrapping indeterminate sentences and reintroduced extended sentences of ten years of more. in 2013, the court of appeal ruled that usman khan's sentence should be substituted for a 16 year fixed term of which he should serve half in prison amounting to eight years. well, thejustice secretary robert buckland says he will review the conditions of convicted terrorists released from prison. this is from earlier. ido i do think we just need to pause and

get the tone of this debate right but public protection has to be at the heart of any government and i have to put that first and foremost when considering festival existing offenders and secondly the future sentencing regime for terrorism. the government has said 7a other people who've been convicted of terrorist offences are being scrutinised. one man, who was jailed with the london bridge attacker in 2012, has already been arrested. well labour has also made this story political. here's jeremy corbyn speaking yesterday. the war on terror has manifestly failed. britain's repeated military interventions in north africa and the wider middle east, including afghanistan have exacerbated rather than resolved the problems. corbyn has also highlighted cuts to the justice system during the conservative—led governments of the past nine years. he's calling for an examination of how prison services and sentencing for terrorism offences work.

here he is speaking on sky news. i think it depends on the circumstances, it depends on the sentence but crucially depends on what they have done. not necessarily, then? not necessarily, no. i think there has to be an examination of how our prison services work and crucially what happens when someone is released from prison because i need to know whether or not the parole board were involved in his release. apparently they were not and made that statement quite quickly. here's iain watson. is it reasonable to say that neither party were focused on this issue until friday? i don't think that's entirely the case but what surprised people was the speed in which the prime minister pointed to some of those policies that he had in the immediate wake of the attack because if you remember after the attack in

2017, the terrorist incident then, campaigning was suspended and both sides were a bit nervous when they should breach that suspension and come back to full campaigning. in 2016, during the referendum when the labourmp 2016, during the referendum when the labour mp was murdered, there was a suspension of campaigning. in the second interview of the night, after the incident had taken place, he pointed the finger at labour going back to 2008. they responded and talked about the cuts over nine yea rs talked about the cuts over nine years to a coalition or conservative led government. whether... the conservative government made a very clear it was going to end early release for prisoners across the board, violent prisoners. in fact, for terrorists, early release had already been stopped back in 2013.

borisjohnson also said today that he was very much involved in a campaignfor he was very much involved in a campaign for longer sentences for quite some time including his time as london mayor. looking back at his ma nifesto to as london mayor. looking back at his manifesto to be london mayor in 2012 and he did talk about longer sentences for people involved in gang violence for example but he didn't raise at that time automatic early release as a particular issue soi early release as a particular issue so i think mostly the break with tradition on politics has been the swiftness with which these issues we re swiftness with which these issues were raised following the deaths of two people in a terrorist incident rather than the fact that the parties didn't have policies in their books to reverse cuts in labours case and in the case of the government a long track record of talking tough on sentencing. thank you, i'm sure will speak to you through the week.

stay with us on 0utside source — still to come... the american woman who says she was brought to britain aged 17 to have sex with prince andrew urges the public to stand beside her. priice andrew denies it ever happened. a murder investigation has begun after a 12—year—old boy was killed in a hit—and—run. essex police say the incident happened in loughton and occured just as pupils were leaving debden park high school. the 12 year—old pupil from the school was not the only casualty, as our correspondent tolu adeoye explains. we know that five others were injured. their injuries are not thought to be life—threatening. i spoke to someone who was here who lives in the local area who was down here on the scene quite quickly who talks about people helping those who we re talks about people helping those who were injured, they were taken to hospital. we are not sure of their

conditions at this stage. the police has been appealing to witnesses, they say the driver... they are asking for information on a silver ford ka with the damage likely to be on the front. they are asking for anyone with a dash cam footage or information to get in touch as soon as possible. this is 0utside source live from the bbc newsroom. 0ur lead story is? experts warn that climate change is at ‘the point of no return'. an american woman who says she was brought to britain aged 17 to have sex with prince andrew is urging the public to stand beside her. i implore the people in the uk to stand up beside me, to help me fight

this fight, to not accept this as being 0k. this fight, to not accept this as being ok. this is not some sort of sex story, this is a story of being trafficked. he asked me to dance. he is the most hideous dancer i have ever seen in my life. it was horrible and this guy was sweating all over me, it was basically raining over me. i knew i had to keep him happy because that was what would have been expected from me. now that interview with ms giuffre was recorded before prince andrew sat down with the bbc‘s newsnight program where he "categorically" denied any sexual contact with the then 17 year old. she was very specific about that night and dancing with you and profusely sweating. there is a slight problem with the sweating

because i have a peculiar medical condition which is that i don't sweat, or i didn't sweat at the time because i had suffered what i would describe as an overdose of adrenaline in the war and it was almost impossible for me to sweat. bbc royal correspondent, jonny dymond. she makes this plea, she makes this plea and she says i implore the british people to stand by my side. effectively asking people here in britain to take her side rather than the side of a senior member of the royalfamily which is pretty extraordinary of itself. leave aside whether or not he sweats when he dances or whether he is dry as a bone, it is horrific because what the royal family, what prince andrew would have hoped was, when he stood

back from public life which he did after that car crash of an interview that he gave the bbc a few weeks ago, when he stood back, this would begin to die away but the fact is there are still allegations, there is virginia giuffre who was very vocal and only too happy to be vocal on tv and this controversy doesn't go away. instead, it grows and gets worse. she wants the british people to stand beside her but in terms of the legal process that is playing out in the us, what does she and her lawyers want to happen? there isn't much of an active legal process that we know about. there is not much sitting around in the courts. their lawyers have repeatedly called for prince andrew to give a sworn deposition. there are a number of civil cases going on. there is not much in the criminal cases that we know of but there are civil cases and they have asked for a sworn deposition. prince making andrew has

said that he will speak to the appropriate law enforcement agencies and it is not clear whether or not he would speak to lawyers whom he may see as expeditions so we wait to see what happens there but at the same time we are waiting for a huge cache of legal papers in an epstein —related case which are being fought over by lawyers in new york, we are waiting to see what of those get released and what names are inside it. have we had from the palace since this interview? the palace reiterates and says that we categorically deny and prince andrew has expressed regret for his friendship with an, illjudged friendship as he puts it now, withjeffrey epstein but in terms of the relationship, simply did not happen. president trump is restoring steel and aluminium tariffs on imports from

brazil and argentina. he says their currencies have devalued which is making it harderfor us farmers to compete. vivienne nunis new york. what kind of impact will this have? interestingly, not many economists agree that brazil and argentina have been devaluing their currencies and officially. there is a list by the us treasury called the currency report and neither country is listed on that but because of this, president trump says effective immediately the two countries will no longer be exempt from global ta riffs no longer be exempt from global tariffs on steel and aluminium imports so if brazil and argentina export those to the us they will be hit with those tariffs are effective immediately. the president's tweet suggest that the countries are deliberately suing the devaluation of their currencies, is that reasonable? as i say, most economists don't think that is what has been happening. they went listed

on that report and many economists say that simply is the us currency has strengthened, emerging economies have weakened and there has been interest cuts as well and that is what they say is behind this, not an intentional move to devalue their currency. e—cigarette users could see their insurance bills soar as more and more companies decide to treat vaping the same way as smoking. thejump in premiums could be enormous pushing up the cost of life insurance by as much as 72% — compared to the cost for nonsmokers. it comes amid mounting worries over the safety of e—cigarettes — us authorities say this year a7—people have died from a lung illness linked to vaping.

that he cigarettes have reported to be safer and that view has been challenged by the evidence that has been coming out from quite a lot of research. still far too early to know, many years before we knew about the hands of conventional cigarettes but if you look at some of the work that has been done in short—term studies on animal studies, cell cultures and so on, we can see that the mechanisms are the same and a number of reviews have recently said that you simply cannot say that one is necessarily safer than the other. this is veronika didusenko, a model who was crowned miss ukraine last year. once you win your country's beauty pageant title, you then progress to the world championship — miss world. but when ms didusenko applied to the next stage, her title was taken off her when organisers found out she was a mum. the no—children rule has

always been in place in the miss world competition. i know you're thinking why — i'll come to that. ms didusenko admits she saw the rule on the application form, but had been encouraged to enter by the organisers in ukraine. she is planning legal action against the miss world franchise, saying the rule is discriminatory. firstly i felt shocked because i didn't really think i could win and then i was disqualified it was twice more shocking for me. i felt humiliated because rules are discriminatory and there is no place for them in the 21st century where women can successfully balance their career with parenting. miss world says it has to be mindful of cultural considerations around the world. we will be turning back to madrid ina

world. we will be turning back to madrid in a minute as many countries are represented there as they come for climate talks. even as i speak, a typhoon is bearing down on the philippines. the island of montoro is also set to be badly affected, winds gusting up to hundred and 50 mph and lots of rain possible. the storm is pushing its way overnight and eventually pushing out into the south china sea where it then looks like it will turn southwards and turn towards eastern malaysia, staying away from vietnam. the philippines from midweek onwards it becomes considerably quieter but there is the possibility that another area of showers that we are

monitoring at the moment could head to the philippines next week. for the us, a deep area of low pressure pushing in the north—east, some heavy snow anywhere from new york into new england. at the eight inches possible and some snow on the tail of that into the appellations and a real plummet in temperatures as it slides out onto the atlantic. further west, it is moister pushing into california. some rain to come to the north and some snow to come for the sierra nevada. the picture in the east, clearing quite dramatically as that lower rolls out into the atlantic for tuesday. in the west though, the rain is set to stick around for a much more considerable period and we may even see it causing some problems locally. let's head to africa now aware rainfall is a significant concern for the coming days across the eastern side of south africa but particularly for somalia as far south as northern mozambique. a lot

of showers are waiting in the wings offshore. 0ne of showers are waiting in the wings offshore. one area is a tropical depression which looks like it will push its way into somalia full stop it looks like showers across parts of cannes tanzania and malawi will also become enhanced in the coming days. northern morocco, that will also affect the south—east of spain. —— kenyan. the winds affecting here but mainly confined to mainland spain and gibraltar. this may go as far east as sardinia by wednesday. further north, quieter chilly out story with some chilly weather across scandinavia. it takes a while for the western side of the mid to settle down but by the time getting to the end of the week we should see more in the terms of fine weather. and for the uk, it is the other way round. the picture will get more mobile, some rain will return but it

will get much milder too.

hello, i'm ros atkins. this is 0utside source. we are live here in the bbc news room. experts warn the point of no return on climate change is hurtling towards us — as political leaders gather at a summit in madrid. do we really want to be remembered as the generation that buried its head in the sand, that fiddled while the planet burned? in england, vigils are held for those killed and injured in friday's attack at london bridge, as new accounts emerge of the heroism of the bystanders who brought down the attacker. it felt like a war zone. you know, it felt like total chaos, but these guys stepped up in the moment and did what few would do and put their own lives in harm's way.

donald trump will touch down in london shortly for the nato summit — amid warnings the alliance has become "brain dead". we'll have james robbins to explain what's happening. and we will speak to a reporter live in the pacific island of samoa, where an outbreak of measles is causing considerable concern. madrid climate summit‘s opened. the languages start from the beginning. —— is stark from the beginning. the un has told us... the aim achieve carbon neutrality by 2050 — and slow global warming. so far, the world's response has not been enough. here's shivani dave

on how we got here. you're going to hear a lot of people talking... among those making big commitments is costa rica. it recently promised to decarbonize the country by 2050. here's the president.

well, we are very concerned about both drought and floods because those affect a lot of our population, especially the most vulnerable. but thinking about it, it's also our children. i mean, what's the kind of world they're going to live in if we don't tackle this? the most immediate has to do a lot with economy, with agriculture, but it's also about what is the world we're going to inherit to them. rebecca morelle has more from the conference in madrid. here in madrid, the conference has really been getting under way. 0ver the course of the next few weeks, thousands of people from all around the world will be attending this climate talks for so we have heard that the window of opportunity is closing, the time to act on climate change needs to happen now. we've heard that governments really need to step up. they are not being ambitious enough in their targets to stop global temperature rise. and

also, we've heard that it is poor countries who are suffering the worst impacts of climate change. this is the 25th round of un climate talks, which gives you some pain of idea of how long they've been going on. negotiates are painstakingly slow. under discussion, though, is the paris agreement. was signed in 2015. that was to keep the tempter is below 2 degrees but better to queued below 1.5 celsius. also on the table will be discussions about finance. is the pot of money for climate action big enough? poor countries, they are seeing some of the worst effects of climate change and they want to make sure there is and they want to make sure there is a formal mechanism in place to help them when bad things happen to their country, and that means funding also. 0ver country, and that means funding also. over the course of the next few days, we are going to see some key events. greta thunberg is set to arrive. she has been sailing across

the atlantic. he has really —— she has really become the icon of the climate movement. 0ver —— she has really become the icon of the climate movement. over the next few weeks, it really will be fascinating to see how this plays out. there has been a great sense of urgency to these talks. impeachment proceedings against donald trump enter a new phase next week — not that the president will be there. he's turned down an invitation to attend housejudiciary committee hearings on wednesday. he's got a good reason. he will be at the nato leaders summit in london. he is due to touchdown in a couple of minutes. he says... and he had this to say before boarding air force one. the whole thing is a hoax. everybody knows it. all you have to do is look at the words of the ukrainian president that he just issued, and you know it's a hoax. so the president has asked us to take a look at comments today

from the ukrainian president volodymyr zelensky. here he is. remember, donald trump urged president zelensky to order an investigation into his political rivaljoe biden. more seriously, he's also accused of withholding military aid to ukraine in order to exert pressure. today, we got some quotes from time magazine who of been speaking to president zelensky. he said... a quid pro quo meaning a clear arrangement where one thing is in exchange for another. now that statement appears on the face of it to be good news for donald trump. but president zelensky goes on... that's a reference to the separatist rebels in eastern ukraine. so that explicit criticism of the delay in the aid. not the same thing as it being connected to a biden investigation, though.

let's bring in our correspondent chris buckler. good to speak to you as usual. does this change anything? good to speak to you as usual. does this change anything ?|j good to speak to you as usual. does this change anything? i don't think it changes an awful lot, or the president trump is clearly taking it as being a sign that president zele ns ky as being a sign that president zelensky is on his side. emphasising the idea of no quid pro quo. and actually, the ukrainian president has been quite diplomatic. he has been press on in this interview and certainly, he is emphasising the import is of the military aid in confirming essentially that it was out for a time. he is not getting into why that happened but at the same time, that is actually what is happening in congress. president trump cannot get away from the fact that many us officials have tied the idea of freezing the military aid and suspending it with president zele ns ky and suspending it with president zelensky being under pressure to watch these investigations into president trump plasma political

rivals. don't go away, chris. couple of links to talk you about. president trump clearly has a legitimate scheduling clash keeping him away from this week's impeachment hearings. but his lawyers were also invited and they won't be attending either. the counsellor to the president says... he also complained about the lack of so—called "fact witnesses". well, there have been plenty of those — but it's true on wednesday, proceedings will mostly hear from academics discussing what constitutes an impeachable offence. the next perspective comes from donald trump's former press secretary and now fierce critic anthony scaramucci. because there's absolutely no defence for what he did. it's not like he could go to the house of representatives or eventually to the senate, when the trial takes place, and defend what he did because there's just too much evidence to the other side.

anthony scaramucci also says many republicans are complaining about the president privately. and he made this bold prediction. ijust want to be very specific on what i said. i said by march, he would be making an announcement that he would not be the nominee for the republican party. let's bring in chris. i want to ask you about the republicans in a second but let's talk about the process. when i say it is moving to a next stage, that is for a briefing in washington, what does that mean in reality? on tuesday, 24 hours from now, they should be in a position to take this intelligence report and said into thejudiciary committee. at that stage, the judiciary committee goes about the business of sorting out the articles of impeachment, basically suggest and with the president in the view of that committee has done wrong. 0n wednesday, within therapy to be four different legal professors who will sit and answer questions about impeachment and answer questions about this process, one of which is

about this process, one of which is a regular bbc news contributor, jonathan turley. there was take this idea of what impeachment articles could be and allow the committee to talk about that. the business goes from there. the judiciary talk about that. the business goes from there. thejudiciary committee potentially join from there. thejudiciary committee potentiallyjoin up these articles and can lead to a vote in the house of representatives, which would then send it to a trial in the senate. chris, anything tobacco mr scaramucci's claims that republicans are complaining in private? —— anything to back up. i think it is wishful thinking from the mooch. republicans are watching the democrats drop this entire intelligence report. and it seems her publica ns intelligence report. and it seems her publicans are drawing up their own separate report to say essentially that president from his done nothing wrong. —— it seems republicans are drying up. there are

not signs of cracks at congress in the republicans. if you take a look at some of the big battle ground states, like wisconsin, president trump is pulling for the well at the moment and i think there were be some republicans keen to fall behind him at this stage. chris, thank you so much for taking us through it. as we heard, president trump is about to arrive in london for this week's nato leader's summit — air force one is due to land in the next hour. the share of defence spending is certain to be on the agenda. donald trump tweeted this from air force one... nato's secretary—general has given president trump credit for driving that change. this was him on friday. president trump is right about the importance of european allies and canada spending more, and he has conveyed that message very clearly to us several times. but european allies and canada should not invest in defence to please president trump.

they should invest in defence because we are facing new threats and challenges. 0ur security environment has become more dangerous. you get a different perspective from emmanuel macron. he says all this talk of money is a distraction. last month, he said this. he's worried that european members can no longer rely on the us to defend the alliance and its interests. 0ur diplomatic correspondent james robbins has more on the french leader's positon. he wants us to accept that, in his view, it's strategically brain—dead. it is not equipped to face future threats and it is bogged down in internal rose over funding. i think is really interesting, that we from donald trump implying the presidents coming to europe as something of a peacemaker. backing away perhaps from past emphasis on his view the united states has been bankrolling nato in europe has been getting its defence on the cheap. perhaps a

slightly better environment, a more positive environment, for what amounts first and foremost we celebration of its 70th birthday, the fact that it was extraordinarily successful in keeping the peace, facing down the soviet union struck the cold war and its supporters believe that it still is well—equipped to guarantee the piece into the future. its detractors, let perhaps a president macron, think that this focus on money and this lack of focus on future threats, surgically on the threats in space, perhaps from cyber attacks on satellites, which are fundamental to our commute occasion systems and gps them and that is not being faced. —— communication systems. another threat, artificial intelligence. response times to an attack could be squeezed to a matter of seconds from the matter of minutes which we were a lwa ys the matter of minutes which we were always very aware of at the height of the cold war. massive future threats president micron wants to scale things... and sometimes at

these summits, a push towards some sort of communique at the end. recently, a couple of big international summits, they have given up on that a you because it is impossible to get the europeans and the americans on the same page. what is the approach this time coachella they are going for a declaration —— this time? they are going for a declaration. i suppose we willjudge when these two days of intensive talks are over the extent to which it has been diluted successfully or otherwise, perhaps by turkish intervention, the turks still very angry that they feel nato has not supported its position in northern syria or will it be a french view that dilutes some of the language to emphasise were reese i have been talking about? 0r emphasise were reese i have been talking about? or will be president trump simply as i prepare to sign off on anything that looks too enthusiastic? let's remember, the

united states is contribute instill almost 70% of nato spending. a declaration? perhaps. consensus? not necessarily. stay with us on 0utside source: still to come, there's a serious outbreak of measles in the pacific island nation of samoa — it's spreading fast, and they're doing all they can to stop it. we will hear what impact that is having. thousands of people in falkirk are preparing to spend another cold night without heating after a major gas network failure. electric heaters and portable cookers have been distributed to vulnerable residents, and schools and nurseries in the area had to close. it could be up to two days before all homes are reconnected. lorna gordon reports. at the start of winter, thousands with no gas, no heating, no hot water in their homes. across the falkirk area, there has been a large operation to help those in need. the temperature has risen slightly

here but it is still very cold, and all day there has been a constant flow of people here picking up heaters for their homes. we had candles lighting up the house, trying to heat the place with just the candle flames. angeline perry has four children, the youngest is nine months old. their gas supply was turned off yesterday and they are using portable heaters to warm one room. we're just using the kettle to boil all the water now and we do not have any gas. how are you coping? i'm just trying to think how i'm going to go through the week and just thinking about night time. during the day, we're 0k, we can huddle into one room, butjust trying to plan ahead for the week. hundreds of engineers spent the day going door—to—door to disconnect thousands of homes. for safety reasons, all those affected needed their gas turned off. we do apologise for the fault that's happened.

it's a piece of equipment that has failed. however, what we are doing is making sure that people are getting their gas back as quickly as possible, so we're really focused on making sure nobody is going to be missed. the original fault has now been fixed, but engineers will need to visit all properties affected to reconnect them. it's thought that will be completed within the next two days. lorna gordon, bbc news, falkirk. i'm ros atkins with 0utside source. experts warn that climate change is at "the point of no return" as global talks get under way in madrid. to samoa now — the sovereign state made up of two small pacific islands which is in the middle of a devastating measles outbreak. the island sits north of new zealand and has a population

—— here you can see the two islands on the map, north of new zealand to east of australia. about 200,000 people call this home. here is the latest update from the samoan government. the government also says that a mass vaccination campaign which was launched last month has protected close to 60,000 people. the un is also involved, saying it's going to be providing an additional 100,000 measles vaccine this week. it is saying they may go to the people who are most at risk. —— must go to the people. let's speak to sapeer mayron from the samoa 0bserver. thank you very much for your time. tell us about the coronation of the response to this outbreak. —— coordination. the coordination has been quick. as soon as the

government declared a state of emergency, things started rolling very quickly. there are now 30 places to go in get vaccinated, which is not compulsory for the entire population, and more than 15 va ns entire population, and more than 15 vans have been out on the road into countries with teams of nurses vaccinating anyone and everyone —— which is now compulsory. 0riginally, it was children under 19 and women and children, but now it is lifted. there our vaccinations for everyone between six months and 60 years. are there problems because samoa is a small island nation? yes, it is vulnerable because it is small but really this happened because of the vaccination rates. we were sitting on 30% rates. we are not sure why that is. it should be access and

education. certainly, but as we are small, the outbreak went very fast stop is the outbreak so big that it is actually affecting day—to—day life in samoa at the moment? -- affecting day—to—day life in samoa at the moment? absolutely. under19 sarr banned from public gatherings because they are the most normal to the outbreak, to the disease, and, yeah, you can see it everywhere. people up or wearing masks to perfect themselves. it is quite scary. and in terms of the hospitals any doctor's surgeries, does the country have enough capacity to deal with the situation? absolutely not. and it was never prepared to deal with something on this scale. the who say they need at least twice the capacity in the hospitals. australia

has come and build another acu. new zealand has deployed a team in another district hospital on the other side of the island from us that's made a huge difference. we appreciate you bringing us up to date. perhaps you can bring us up—to—date later in the week. to finish today's programme, we are going to return to one of our main stories, the terror attack on london bridge in which two people died. more details have emerged today of the heroism of bystanders who fought and restrained usman khan. here's an extraordinary account from the chief executive of fishmongers' hall, describing the actions of his staff, beginning with a polish chef identified only by his first name. it's clear he is a bad guy. he has two knives in his hand. lucas pulls off this long stick, he charges towards the bad guy and he impacts them on the chest, and this clearly,

something here that is protective and does not make any sort of impact. but he is buying time. he allows others to escape, to move to adjacent rooms, and at that point cummings got about a one minute one—on—one street combat —— at this point, he has got. this guy, he works his way up lucas's paul, slashing his knife, take some wounds to his right side and is going to lose some strength on that side. but he has done he needs to do in that first instance. two other guys part of the charity, one has got a fire establish her, the other has got a narwhal task. it is pretty gruesome. i think the attacker realises he is outnumbered. he cannot get out the front door, so he turns to

reception, a guy called gareth, the doorman, is pushing the door shut as good as he can. can't shift his position to the girls there, they have a helluva time, and eventually it comes to some great showdown in the entrance. lucas is back at this point, leading the charge, and andy is the last guy. he is our maintenance man. he is an ex policeman and he is a prequel customer. the nectars and his chests —— a pretty cool customer. the knife goesin —— a pretty cool customer. the knife goes in his chest. it spills to the pavement, members of the public facing the same thing. he makes the right choice. the first one after him is lucas, shouting at everyone to get out of the way, get back. i

tell you what, members of the public, they just tell you what, members of the public, theyjust don't do that nowadays. they do what they needed to do. hejoined in, the man with the fire extinguisher, the man with the fire extinguisher, the man with the narwhal tusk, they are all in there. lucas is losing strength in his chest at this point but i tell you what, hisjob is done. the police are here and you've seen the rest on camera. the story told by the chief vision could have a fish mongers hall —— the chief executive of fish mongers hall. if you want to learn more... to use a phrase i heard a little earlier on the news, there was a grotesque irony they were murdered while organising and taking part in an event that was for the rehabilitation of prisoners and they we re rehabilitation of prisoners and they were killed by someone who they were working to help rehabilitate. find out much more about their lives as well through the bbc‘s website and the bbc news apple. i will see you

tomorrow at the usual time. bye—bye. hello. fog looks like it's going to be an issue over the next couple of mornings, particularly across parts of england and wales, thanks to this area of high pressure, which will slowly be losing its grip as it pushes south—eastwards into the near continent, allowing wetter, windier, more unsettled conditions to arrive later in the week. it'll be turning milderfor all of us. some fog could be pretty dense across parts of southern and southeast england on tuesday morning. could see some disruption on the roads and even some airports. this freezing fog is likely to take its time to clear, it could lift into low cloud, but a dry day for much of england and wales, with some sunny spells around. could see sunshine across eastern scotland, but, generally, for scotland and northern ireland, it'll be breezier with more cloud around. milder in the far northwest — 10 degrees — but another chilly day elsewhere. through tuesday night, it's a bit of a repeat performance.

a cold one for england and wales, with frost and fog developing, windier across the northwest, with a weather front approaching, so here, less cold — 5 to 9 degrees. we'll see temperatures sub zero in some rural spots, again with some fog developing. 0ur area of high pressure on wednesday will be slowly slipping away and we'll see this first weather front move into northern and western areas through wednesday. so rain initially for northern ireland, then into scotland. as it moves its way southwards and eastwards, it'll tend to die out intojust a band of cloud and rain, but behind it, sunshine, a few showers. quite mild — 9 or 10 — but windy. further south, some sunshine, but quite chilly, and it could be that fog lingers across the far southeast. 0n into thursday, we see substantial change. a more vigorous area of low pressure will arrive to bring a windy day for all, but very windy across parts of scotland, with gales in the north and west, and persistent and heavy rain, particularly for western scotland, where we could see some localised flooding. further south — some sunshine,

but it's going to be milder, temperatures 10 or 11 degrees. it looks like it'll turn unsettled as well through thursday night and into friday, with that rain slipping south—eastwards, maybe not quite as windy, but what you will notice on friday is just how mild it'll be, particularly for england and wales. so friday starts off pretty wet across northern and western areas, sunshine will appear, a few showers across the north and west. that'll spread south—eastwards, but we could still see a hang—back of rain across southern england as those weather fronts clear away. temperatures — low teens. we could see 13 degrees quite widely across parts of england and wales. that weather front clears through as we head into the weekend. a ridge of high pressure we think will build in, so that means the winds will turn lighter, but we'll also see slightly cooler air pushing back southwards into the northern half of the country. but with lighter winds, cos of the ridge of high pressure, it could be quite a cold start to saturday, a little bit of mist and fog around, but generally dry with some sunshine. it shouldn't feel too bad with light winds, but it'll feel cooler

across the northern half of the country, temperatures back into single digits, we think, just about holding onto double figures across the south. beyond the weekend, sunday into the following week, it looks like we'll see a fairly undulating jet stream that will steer areas of low pressure towards our shores, interspersed with ridges of high pressure. so it'll be fairly flip—floppy weather, i think, as we head into the following week, but generally unsettled, thanks to these areas of low pressure, bringing bouts of further rain and fairly strong winds at times too. temperatures will always hover around near average, sometimes a little above, sometimes a little bit below. that's how it's looking at the moment. stay tuned.

tonight at ten, vigils are held for the victims of the london bridge attack, attended by family, friends and political leaders. in cambridge, where the two victims had studied, a crowd gathered to support the families and loved ones, who left tributes. in the city of london, political leaders attended a vigil at guildhall as more accounts were heard of the bravery shown on the day. it felt like a war zone, you know? it felt like total chaos. but these guys stepped up in the moment, and, you know, did what few would do and put their own lives in harm's way. we'll be considering the questions being asked about the early release of the attacker, a convicted terrorist, from prison. also tonight: