hello. monday's mildest weather was found across the far north of the uk. and it's not that often we get to say that! whereas many areas stayed chilly, just one degree in parts of mid welcome to bbc news, wales, highland scotland saw i'm mike embley. temperatures climbing all the way our top stories: to ten degrees because of a feed of south—westerly winds from the atlantic, bringing a lot a fight to the death. of cloud, bringing some outbreaks the fears of smaller nations of rain, but also bringing some are heard at the madrid meeting on climate change. milder air, which stays in place across northern areas to start tuesday, while southern areas have micronesia's president tells us something much colder. so nine degrees there in stornoway, compare that with freezing time is running out. in london. some spots a few degrees below freezing, and with the potential for some fog. not taking action would be a calamity, as far as we are a met office yellow warning was issued for the risk of some dense fog patches in an area that concerned. includes some key motorways and some so there's no time, major airports as well. and even if it isn't foggy, it's likely to be quite grey the clock is ticking. and murky, with some low cloud in places. mass evacuations as typhoon kammuri makes landfall. so, poor visibility could cause some we are live in the philippines disruption and some of that fog with the latest. five women make sworn statements could be quite slow to clear. but generally speaking in the united states alleging across england and wales we should prince andrew was present see some sunny spells developing. when they gave massages whereas for northern ireland to the convicted sex offenderjeffrey epstein. and top of the class. and scotland, there will be a lot of cloud, best of the brightness, just how does one of europe's i tihnk, across north—eastern smallest nations outperform its richer neighbours? scotland, eastern counties in northern ireland. we have been to estonia to find out. still a south—westerly wind here, so ten degrees in stornoway,

also 11 down in plymouth, but in many spots, we will have single digit temperatures once again. now, as we move through tuesday night into the early hours government ministers and diplomats of wednesday, again there from around the world are meeting is potential for fog across central and eastern and southern parts in madrid for a two—week summit, cop 25, on how to tackle climate change. of england, another chilly night and chilly start to the day here. small island states are among the most vulnerable to rising sea further north and west, milder, but with some extra cloud, levels, and leaders of some more of a breeze and some outbreaks of the worst—affected countries have of rain thanks to this appealed for help. frontal system here. this will be working its way in from the west as we go through on wednesday and you can see quite a few light lines, quite a few isobars on the chart, from madrid, our science there will be strong winds across north—western parts as well. editor david shukman. driving rain and powerful winds that rain getting to scotland as the latest typhoon and northern ireland, approaches the philippines. eventually into the far north of england, further south and east some of that fog to start off, with plenty of early warning, families are helped to safety. which could be slow to clear. then we see some sunny spells. it's the poorest that are least able to cope, again, single digits for most and as global temperatures rise, but in the far south—west, the far north—west, we'll be it is likely storms will become even up at 10—11 degrees. now, as we head into thursday, more dangerous in future. we're going to see persistent rain piling on in western scotland, perhaps enough to cause some the people of the bahamas experienced that for themselves problems, maybe some localised flooding.

earlier this year. it's going to be a windy day for many, particularly hurricane dorian caused in the north—west. death and devastation on an unimaginable scale. steady wind speeds you can see there in the arrows, and developing countries say that, gusts of 50—60 miles an hour. because it's the richest nations that caused climate change, further south and east, not as windy, and again we'll see they should now help. some spells of sunshine. it gives me great pleasure nine degrees there in london, but many more spots in double digits by this stage. to declare open this 25th session. and it will be milder for all of us by friday, but still quite windy so here in madrid, as the annual un talks on climate change get under way, one of the loudest demands is from the countries most with some rain at times. vulnerable to those bigger storms. we worry about our livelihoods. we worry about the future generations. we worry about our country. we exist as people. we in the small islands, we exist as people. we have our cultures, we have our families, we have our livelihoods, and we face extinction. you can't get away from that. and it's not a nice thought, it's scary. all the time, the gases that are heating up the atmosphere are still being pumped out,

and in ever greater quantities, increasing the risks of damaging impacts, and despite all the scientific warnings that this should stop. there has been frantic diplomacy on climate change over the past quarter of a century, with huge gatherings like this one, but the source of the problem remains unchecked. all the more reason, the head of the un tells me, to help those most in danger. because, whether people like to admit it or not, climate change is already a problem today, and we are having terrible impacts, in drought, in floods, in other kinds of natural — in hurricanes, in countries that are already suffering enormously. the whole issue of how much help to provide and who is to blame for the rise in temperatures has become incredibly contentious among the different teams here, you're a good this is bbc news, the headlines: and it won't be easy to settle. smaller nations have and another reminder of what's at stake as the negotiations begin — voiced their fears at the madrid severe flooding in kenya meeting on climate change. in the last few days, amid the fear that, micronesia's president told the bbc without the right global response, there will be much worse to come. time is running out for his country. around 50 presidents and prime ministers are taking part.

david shukman, bbc news, in madrid. with some of the countries worst—affected appealing to other i spoke to david panuelo. nations to do more to he is president of the federated states of micronesia, combat global warming. and i asked him what effect a powerful typhoon has hit the largest island in the philippines, climate change is having. with gusts of up to 240km/h. government meteorologists said typhoon kammuri made landfall in the southernmost part of luzon. well, you know, first of all, some residents described howling winds and roofs torn off. five women have said thank you for having me on bbc. in legal proceedings that prince andrew was present we're having a very heavy downpour during massages they gave to the of rain, so don't mind me — i'm a little bit wet here. convicted sex offender jeffrey epstein and his guests. the sworn statements to a us court were revealed in a bbc panorama but our country, the federated programme containing an interview with virginia giuffre. states of micronesia, is the second—ranked, most heavily poorest in the world. so climate change is a very important issue that we can continue to tackle, and tackling climate change requires global mobilisation greater than occurred in world war ii, as far as we're concerned. a fight to the death, some of your colleagues are calling it. what hope do you have, what realistic hope do you think

you have, of something from the richer nations that will really make a difference? well, you know, this fight is a fight that we are dealing with it on a real basis. it's an existential threat. so we take climate change very seriously. cop 25 is the final cop before the defining year of 2020, as you know, and many nations must submit their climate action plans. and, among many elements we need to be ironed out is the financing of climate worldwide. and this is what we're asking because we have a very low, near—nil footprint. in terms of our footprint, we don't have any. so that's why we are demanding bigger countries like the united states and china to come on board and be the champions

in fighting climate change. and of course, the argument is that the poorest countries, the smallest countries, the low—lying countries, are the least able to cope, and the richer countries who by and large made the emissions in the first place, changed the climate, should help, with money and with cuts in emissions. but, realistically, what chance do you see of the richer countries stepping to the plate here? well, my view on it is that we have no choice. we just don't have any choice in terms of climate change because, as i've said, every country will be affected. we have 607 islands in the federation, over an ocean close to about1 million square miles of ocean. and most of our islands are affected, because they their low—lying populations are affected.

and we're doing a lot, as far as a country, we're doing so much in terms of putting up the profile of our countries, that deal with climate change. and in our congress of micronesia we have established a new committee that deals with climate change. the pacific island countries gathered in tuvalu recently, a couple of months ago, and we adopted the kainaki ii declaration for urgent climate action now. we took it to the united nations, when secretary general of the un guterres called for a climate action summit and we called for the world to come on board because we have no choice. i've said it. that places like united states, like the coastal areas of florida, california, they're as low as some of our low—lying atolls. so it's a global existential threat, and if we don't come on board, the world will be sorry when we know that action — you know, not taking action would be a calamity, as far as we are concerned. and so there is no time. the clock is ticking. and as far as we are concerned, reducing emissions 45% by 2030 is a critical one for the global

community to take action on. reducing the carbon footprint to zero omissions by mid—century is a very critical one, we're calling on nations to do their part. because we're a global community, and the world is very small. typhoon kammuri has made landfall in the central philippines. 200,000 people have been evacuated from coastal areas because of fears of flooding and storm surges. the international airport in the capital, manila, is suspending operations for 12 hours from tuesday morning. yes, kammuri is now moving across the country from the eastern seaboard to the west. it's moving to the central islands. we are in batangas. as you can see behind me,

water pooling on the surface and skies getting darker by the minute. this is the i wall advancing before the actual centre of the typhoon. it's going to hit here in the next three hours or so. about 20 minutes oi’ three hours or so. about 20 minutes or so we visited and in evacuation centre. about 3000 people from this community have been evacuated safely at the moment, and we can see that conditions are worsening as this storm approaches this part of the country. let's not forget these southeast asian games are taking place in the philippines at the moment and some of the venues are quite close to here, as well. and we've seen some cancellations of events today as a result of these storms, also flights cancelled and also public offices here, government offices, have been closed as well. the philippines are hit by so many typhoons, it is not exactly going to feel like a change them being hit by a typhoon. but is there a sense that the claimant is making this worse and more frequent? well, this is the 20th typhoon to hit the country this year. this is the rainy season. these happen every year, as you say.

there is a feeling looking around the country that there are flooded areas. these questions being raised about climate, whether that has affected the intensity of these storms. we have seen more intense storms. we have seen more intense storms in the north of the country hitting an area in the northern seaboard of the country. so lots of questions in this country about whether it is climate change or whether it is climate change or whether it is climate change or whether it has just been a bad run of storms in the last year or so. from this very dry and warm studio, i thank you. you and your crew get into shelter. thank you. there has been a small explosion near the presidential palace in the indonesian capital, jakarta. police say that they believe it was caused by a smoke grenade, but investigations are continuing. the army said that two soldiers who were outjogging near the national monument early

in the morning were injured by the blast. they are currently being treated in hospital. five women have said in legal proceedings that prince andrew was present during massages they gave to the convicted sex offenderjeffrey epstein and his guests. the sworn statements to a us court were revealed in a bbc panorama programme containing an interview with virginia giuffre. she alleges that she was trafficked to britain at the age of 17, and then had sex with prince andrew. the prince has categorically denied any such relationship. darragh macintyre reports. the allegations made by virginia giuffre about prince andrew have raised questions that won't go away. the lawyer for five ofjeffrey epstein‘s accusers says he wants prince andrew to testify as a witness in their court cases. the women say the prince witnessed how epstein and his guests were given massages at the sex offender's home. panorama has been told that subpoenas have been prepared for the cases, and could be served on prince andrew if he returns to the united states. and it means that, the next time prince andrew visits the states, he faces being ordered to give evidence, whether he likes it or not.

with respect to prince andrew, i think he needs to come clean, and i think the facts need to be revealed. prince andrew says that he did not see, witness or suspect any suspicious behaviour during his visits to mr epstein‘s homes in florida, new york and the caribbean, and he says he is willing to help any appropriate law enforcement agency with their investigations if required. virginia giuffre, who says she was trafficked to london by epstein to have sex with prince andrew, told panorama that she was introduced to him by the prince's long—standing friend ghislaine maxwell. she says that, after a visit to a nightclub, ghislaine maxwell instructed her to have sex with the prince. in court documents, ghislaine maxwell says all virginia giuffre's allegations are lies. the people on the inside are going to keep coming up with these ridiculous excuses, like the photo was doctored. i mean, come on. i'm calling bs on this, because that's what it is. he knows what happened, i know what happened,

and there's only one of us telling the truth, and i know that's me. people who say that you're not telling the truth, they point to inconsistencies in your tale. how do you account for those? you are left with a foggy memory sometimes, you really are. so yeah, you know, i might be wrong on dates, absolutely. i might be wrong on places, even, sometimes. but one thing i can tell you is that you never forget the face of someone who's heaved over you. for his part, the duke of york emphatically denies any form of sexual contact or relationship with virginia giuffre, and says any claim to the contrary is false and without foundation. darragh macintyre, bbc news. you are watching bbc news. still to come: a vigil is held for the victims of the london bridge attack, attended by family, friends and political leaders.

it's quite clear that the worst victims of this disaster are the poor people living in the slums which have sprung up around the factory. i am feeling so helpless, that the childrens are dying in front of me and i can't do anything. charles manson is the mystical leader of the hippie cult suspected of killing sharon tate and at least six other people in los angeles. at 11:00 this morning, just half a metre of rock separated britain from continental europe. it took the drills just a few moments to cut through the final obstacle. then philippe cozette, a minerfrom calais, was shaking hands and exchanging flags with robert fagg, his opposite number from dover.

this is bbc news. the latest headlines: the fears of some smaller nations are heard at the madrid meeting on climate change. they say it is a fight to the death. mass evacuations as typhoon kammuri makes landfall in the philippines. the victims of the london bridge attack have been remembered at a vigil in central london. saskia jones, who was 23, and 25—year—old jack merritt were helping run a programme to educate offenders when one of those attending, usman khan, attacked people with a knife. jack merritt‘s father has criticised the response to the attack, especially pledges from politicians to review laws allowing the early release of convicted terrorists. this from our special correspondent lucy manning. in the city where recently

jack merritt and saskia jones had proudly held their degree certificates, hundreds stood silent. his girlfriend, his mum and dad held onto each other as they were surrounded by support. bell tolls this was what cambridge had meant to them. and this is what they meant to their friends and families. jack merritt‘s girlfriend, leanne, leaving flowers. in the city of london, minutes from where they died, the noise of political arguments quietened. silence we come together this

morning in condolences, but also in a spirit of defiance, to say that london will never be cowed or intimidated by terrorism. bryonn bain was speaking at the prison education event on friday. he had spent the day before with jack merritt at a high—security jail. he was inspiring. he had a bright light in his eyes. and he was a young kid, but he was a cambridge grad, so he could have gone anywhere, done anything, with his elite education, his privileged education. he ran down when he heard shouting in the building. it felt like a warzone, you know, it felt like total chaos. but, you know, these guys stepped up in the moment and did what few would do, and put their own lives in harm's way. professor bain says jack was the first to confront the attacker. he was brave in his own regard.

he was the first line of defence. he was the first person to confront him at the door. i saw people die. you know, i saw things that i'm never going to be able to unsee. the first eyewitness from inside the building, he praised those former prisoners attending the event who fought back. many of the folks in that space, you know, would not be here today, right, if it weren't for these guys who did time in prison, and literally saved lives. and, instead of running away, more details about the bravery of the event staff who ran affter the attacker, including a maintenance man called andy. when the knife goes through his chest and, you know, kill or open the door is the choice, he pauses for a moment. and he is reluctant to spill

all this out onto the pavement, when members of the public are going to be facing the same problems, but he makes exactly the right choice. the doors opened, out the terrorist falls. like jack merritt, saskia jones was trying to play her part in improving people's lives. she was a lovely, lovely woman. she made me laugh. she called me on things. lots of people are quite scared of me — she wasn't. she was fearless. she was a warrior. she was going to change the world. maybe she will. but their mourning is done at an intensely political time. the politicians have come to pay their respects. but jack merritt‘s father has been clear he does not want his son's death to be politicised. he doesn't want this to mean politicians bringing in tougher sentencing. tonight, jack merritt‘s father wrote his son would, if he could comment on his death, be seething that it was being used to perpetuate an agenda of hate. "feel his passion," he said. "never give up his fight." lucy manning, bbc news.

president trump has arrived in the ukfora president trump has arrived in the uk for a meeting of nato leaders on tuesday and wednesday. they are expected to consider new threats in the area of space and that cyberspace and also marks the 70th anniversary of the alliance. just in the past hour or so, the chief executive of hong kong has said she expects a law recently passed in the united states to have a negative effect on business confidence in the territory. carrie lam told her regular press conference that the hong kong human rights and democracy act was unnecessary because freedoms are already respected by her administration. she warned, however, that economic problems caused by the recent unrest in hong kong will cause the government to have a budget deficit this year for the first time in 15 years. translation: there will be an impact because this is an overseas foreign government taking such a measure. for now, it undermines confidence.

it creates an unstable, uncertain environment because businesses will be concerned. if the us government uses the act to carry out certain action, those actions will be. that isa action, those actions will be. that is a concern of businesses and i notice that all major chambers of commerce have expressed strong opposition to the act. in fact, american businesses would be affected to by the act was up as you know, american businesses account for a big portion of hong kong, there are over 1300 businesses in hong kong. the latest indicators of how education systems perform on the global stage will be published on tuesday. one of the smallest countries in europe, estonia — usually outperforms richer and more powerful nations. so what makes a tiny baltic state with a population of fewer than 2

million so successful? our education editor branwenjeffreys has been finding out. it's drop—off time at kindergarten. for parents the cost is capped, up to about £80 a month for each child, so almost every child starts coming as a toddler, even though compulsory school only begins at age seven. it's very important because learning will be so fast, may be asking teachers questions or raising his hand, being brave, ithink the main thing to him is to be socially ready. how important do you think education is to your children's future? very important, very important. and it's also important to do it in a way that they enjoy it but not forcing them to do something, but do it in a wise way. teachers lead the learning in every kindergarten. there are no national tests, no scores children. what's expected is to get everyone to a basic standard.

a child has to know how to read a word with two syllables in it. well, we actually have children who know how to read sentences. so they are really easy guidelines. the gap between rich and poor kid is small in estonia and this is where the levelling up starts. this estonian language class has children of every ability. that's normal in every subject in basic school from age 7 to 16. teachers in estonia are given remarkable freedom in how and what they teach. the inspections don't even come in to the classroom and there is relatively little testing. but it's that belief in levelling up that's crucial, the head teacher told me. if you are teaching different level of abilities then you are segregating them and we don't want to segregate any

people in the world, why we are doing in the schools. that's my personal opinion. this is one of the things why estonia is successful. the students tell me there is a culture of striving —— the students here are growing up in a digital economy. voting in general elections is all online and there is a culture of striving. even though we are so, i could call us a young country, we have to be educated to get on with ourselves i think every estonian appears to be independently sufficient. technology really helps us with ease of access. if you need some study material, you have an elibrary. way that's never been possible before. yeah, new world, new possibilities. estonia's education success doesn't seem to have a human cost.

music is in every school, studied by everyone up to 16. the teenagers here report being happier than those in the uk. branwenjeffreys, bbc news, tallinn. before we leave you, congratulations should also go to live in who has w011 should also go to live in who has won the ballon door. it is the record sixth time for the barcelona player. megan rapinoe took the women's. and you can get in touch with me and most of the team on twitter — i'm @bbcmikeembley. 00:25:45,070 --> 4294966103:13:29,430 thank you for watching.