i'm rico hizon in singapore. the headlines: donald trump's impeachment inquiry enters a new phase, as constitutional law experts give evidence on whether the us president should be removed from office. if what we are talking about is not impeachable, then nothing is impeachable. i am concerned about lowering impeachment standards to fit a paucity of evidence and an abundance of anger. nato celebrates its 70th anniversary, but divisions and tensions emerge as donald trump takes aim after leaders are caught gossiping about the us president. i'm kasia madera in london. also in the programme: what impact are the ongoing,

sometimes violent protests in hong kong having on the mental health of children in the territory? and why these monkeys are on the edge of extinction in singapore and malaysia. good morning. it is 8:00am here in singapore, midnight in london, and 7:00pm in washington, where we've heard from the politicians, we've heard from the witnesses, and we have certainly heard from the president. today, though, it was the turn of the law professors to weigh in on impeachment of president trump, four of them, to be precise, to give their take on the merits of the case for and against impeachment. the bbc‘s nada tawfik monitored

the day's developments. another historic step in the impeachment enquiry, as it moves to the judiciary committee. a impeachment enquiry, as it moves to thejudiciary committee. a new room, a new set of members and witnesses, and the ultimate question. did president trump commit an impeachable offence? four constitutional scholars were called in to give their analysis. three of the legal defences were emphatic at the legal defences were emphatic at the president had to be held accountable for putting his personal interests in real action above the nation and its security. professor feldman, did president trump commit the impeachable high crime and misdemeanour of abuse of power, based on that evidence and those findings? based on that evidence in those findings, the president did commit an impeachable abuse of office. professor carlin, same question. same answer. and professor

gerhardt. we three are unanimous. in what was always going to be a display of patterson theatre, some of the most direct punches came from witnesses themselves. is what we're talking about is not impeachable, then nothing is impeachable. professor pamela carlin criticised the ranking republican on the committee and his suggestion that the process had been unfair and devoid of damning evidence. the process had been unfair and devoid of damning evidencelj the process had been unfair and devoid of damning evidence. i read transcripts of every one of the witnesses who appeared in the light hearing because i would not speak about these things without reviewing the facts. so i am insulted by the suggestion that, as a law professor, i don't care about those facts. professorjonathan turley, the sole witness called by republicans, disagreed. he said there was not a clear case against the president. disagreed. he said there was not a clear case against the presidentlj clear case against the president.” am concerned about lowering impeachment standards to fit a paucity of evidence and an abundance of anger. paucity of evidence and an abundance ofanger. i paucity of evidence and an abundance of anger. i believe this impeachment not only fails to satisfy the standard of past impeachments, but would create a dangerous precedent

for future impeachments. despite the legal arguments, this is ultimately a political process. it is likely democrats will move forward with articles of impeachment, with a full vote in the house as soon as christmas. but if the president is impeached, then his fate will rest firmly in the hands of his republican allies in the senate. let's return to a story we brought you here on newsday at the beginning of the week from samoa, where a serious measles outbreak is continuing to threaten the country. authorities have asked families who have not been vaccinated against the disease to hang a red flag outside their homes. medical teams will then travel door—to—door over the next few days, inoculating residents. 60 people have died of measles over recent weeks. there is not a corner of this

country that hasn't been affected by this outbreak, and people see just why it is so important to vaccinate their children. there is demand there. people want to get their children vaccinated, and we do think thatis children vaccinated, and we do think that is going to make a difference. a lot of pressures on people not to vaccinate their children, but i think that tide has turned. the pressure now is reversed, to vaccinate their children, which is a good thing. we want to ensure that every child in this country is fully vaccinated. also making news today: germany is expelling two russian diplomats because it says moscow is being uncooperative in a murder investigation. it centres around the death of a georgian man who was shot in berlin last august. the german chancellor said she would raise the matter at the highest level. translation: i'll meet with the russian president next week. i'll inform you of the content of our talk. we took this step because we haven't seen russia supporting us in clearing up this matter. —— murder. candlelit vigils have been held in afghanistan after six people, including the head of a japanese aid agency, were killed in a gun attack.

doctor tetsu nakamura died on the way to hospital after gunmen opened fire on his vehicle. now to a sad update on another story we've been covering here on newsday: australian police say they have found what they believe to be the body of a woman who went missing with friends in the remote northern territory more than two weeks ago. claire hockridge, on the right of screen, disappeared after their car became bogged down. her two friends were found alive in separate locations, having survived more than a week in soaring temperatures. parliament in the maldives has passed a bill to introduce personal income tax for its nationals for the first time. the government estimates it could earn the treasury more than $30 million a year, and says it will also help tackle corruption. the indian ocean archipelago has borrowed heavily from china, and the government says it is struggling to repay the loans. the first full trailer for the upcoming james bond film no time to die premiered on wednesday. members of the public were treated

to a preview of the trailer as it played on big screens in central london. the 25th bond film sees daniel craig reprise his role of secret agent 007 for the fifth time. he says it is the last time he will play the character. never say never again. the nato summit near london has drawn to an end after two days of talks which have done as much, possibly more, to show the divisions between the members of the alliance as the things that bind them. there was particular friction over a recording of the canadian prime minister, justin trudeau, appearing to mock the us president, donald trump, apparently unaware that the cameras were still rolling at tuesday's reception at buckingham palace.

mr trump wasn't part of that conversation, but he had certainly heard about it by the time he reached the nato gathering in watford, just to the north of london. take a listen. well, he's two—faced. do you think that germany is too... and honestly, with trudeau, he's a nice guy. i find him to be a very nice guy. but you know, the truth is that i called him out on the fact that he is not paying 2%, and i guess he is not very happy happy about it. well, all three of the leaders who were part of that conversation caught on camera at buckingham palace on tuesday evening then had to face the press. here is how they responded when asked what they had been laughing about. last night i made a reference to the

fa ct last night i made a reference to the fact that there was an unscheduled press conference before my meeting with president trump, and i was happy to take part in it, but it was certainly notable. and i've had a numberof certainly notable. and i've had a number of good conversations with the president over the course of this day and yesterday. translation: i don't comment on stolen video. when you're in a room, when readers are talking, and as a camera over on one side, and they think it's fair play to film like that, i've seen president trump's reaction to prime minister trudeau, and i president trump's reaction to prime ministertrudeau, and i have president trump's reaction to prime minister trudeau, and i have nothing to add to that. you have been pictured in this buckingham palace reception with prime minister trudeau and others apparently having a joke, may at mr trump's expense. do you not take president trump seriously? no, that's complete nonsense. i don't know where that's come from. now, you might have thought that, with president trump cancelling his planned news conference, that would have been the end of it. but this audio recording emerged when he was caught speaking while a microphone was still live, and it seems he was quite pleased with his response.

let's move away from those personal issues, because there was a more strategic side to the nato gathering. the leaders agreed a statement outlining how they needed to respond to challenges posed by china and russia. and which promised stronger action against terrorism. scott w harold is deputy director of the center for asia—pacific policy for the think—tank the rand corporation. he explains more about the significance of this. it is certainly very significant. the nato alliance has traditionally been oriented first and foremost towards the threat posed by the soviet union. subsequently, in the period after the cold war, it's really been oriented towards trying to stabilise eastern europe and the middle east and north africa region, but has not had much of a role much

beyond that. of course, it did come to america's assistance in the period after our country was attacked on 9/11, for which americans are grateful. seeing it now even further to recognise the challenge posed to both american and european values and interests and equities and security by china's growing rise and capabilities, its reach into the arctic, its efforts to shape new and frankly unattractive and dangerous rules in cyberspace, its interference operations in western democracies, and its efforts to export debt trap laden, risky infrastructure i think has mobilised the western alliance, the transatlantic relationship, including our allies in canada, to recognise that china's rises carrying enormous risks, and if not addressed collectively, china could conceivably establish new rules that

would be to the detriment of all of these countries. given the list that you have said, the long list of china's achievements thus far, what you need to realistically, what can members achieve? how can they curb china's influence? i think the first step to curb china's influences to try to present a unified front on issues like 5g technology and infrastructure, and so that means trying to manage the approach to digital architecture, trying to manage the approach to digitalarchitecture, digital infrastructure, by creating common platforms and common agreed standards. i think that is going to be one place where the allies will have a shared assessment of the risk, as well as how to mitigate some of the challenges for privacy and security of systems. you're watching newsday on the bbc. still to come on the programme: the new vaccine against typhoid which is being hailed as a game—changer, potentially saving thousands of lives in one of the worst—affected countries, pakistan.

also on the programme: the raffles banded langur. we find out why so few of them are left in the wild as the primates battle the threat of extinction. it's quite clear that the worst victims of this disaster are the poor people living in the slums which have sprung up around the factory. i am feeling so helpless, that the childrens are dying in front of me and i can't do anything. charles manson is the mystical leader of the hippie cult suspected of killing sharon tate and at least six other people in los angeles.

at 11am this morning, just half a metre of rock separated britain from continental europe. it took the drills just a few moments to cut through the final obstacle. then philippe cozette, a minerfrom calais, was shaking hands and exchanging flags with robert fagg, his opposite number from dover. this is newsday on the bbc. i'm rico hizon in singapore. our top stories. the impeachment inquiry against us president donald trump enters a new phase, as us constitutional experts argue whether there are grounds to remove him from office. nato has celebrated the alliance's 70th anniversary in london — but divisions have emerged after some of the leaders were caught gossiping about the us president.

climate change is causing birds to shrink and their wingspan is to grow. american scientist who analysed 40,000 specimens of migratory birds found almost all species were getting smaller. they say the findings are important to understand how animals will adapt to climate change. let's take a look at some front pages from around the world. india's business standard reports that google's founders larry page and sergey brin are stepping down from executive roles at google's parent company alphabet. this man here, sundar pichai, google's chief executive will become the new head of alphabet while keeping his current role too. the straits times reports that singapore's cross island train line will run directly under the region's largest nature reserve rather than skirting around it. the ministry of transport says

the tunnel will be dug 70 metres deep to protect the reserve. and the japan times has a story about china's plans to build a national park in one of the world's last remote places. here, on western china's qinghai region on what's been called ‘the rooftop of the world'. now, what stories are sparking discussions online? and it's this gadget which will be used by police in los angeles to bring down suspected criminals. it works by firing a cord which then wraps around the legs — and fastens itself in the style of a bolas. 200 officers will be trained in how to use it, before its deployed injanuary. a lot of attention on the internet for that gadget. a new vaccine against typhoid is being described as a game—changer which could

prevent thousands of deaths. in pakistan, nine million children are being immunised after a major outbreak of typhoid — which is resistant to nearly every antiobiotic. 0ur medical correspondent fergus walsh reports. safe and effective, this new typhoid vaccine is urgently needed in pakistan. schoolchildren in karachi are among millions of youngsters that being immunised. they need protecting because, once infected with typhoid here, there's only one antibiotic left that works, and if that fails, death rates would soar. typhoid is a highly contagious bacterial disease which infects up to 20 million people worldwide each year. it's largely a disease of poverty, spread through poor sanitation and dirty drinking water. symptoms include prolonged fever, abdominal pain and diarrhoea. it causes up to 160,000

deaths every year. a major trial of the new vaccine in nepal cut cases by more than 80%. the same success is hoped—for in pakistan. crucially, it's the first typhoid vaccine which can be given to babies from nine months of age. the new typhoid vaccine was developed by scientists in oxford over the course of more than a decade. we filmed the first trials there six years ago. after being immunised, these healthy volunteers had to drink a solution of typhoid bacteria, a vital test of the vaccine's effectiveness. that selflessness is now saving lives. typhoid only infects humans, so the ambition in the very long—term would be to try to eradicate the disease, which has been causing death and misery for thousands of years. fergus walsh, bbc news. here's a question for you —

what's fluffy, charismatic and on the edge of extinction? the answer is this: the raffles banded langur. there are thought to be around 60 of these monkeys left in singapore and up to 250 in malaysia. they're not found anywhere else — and if you're wondering, the name comes from sir stamford raffles who discovered the animal almost 200 years ago. it should be a national treasure — but my guest says most singaporeans don't even know they exist. dr andie ang is a primatologist and she's just returned from a field trip to study the langurs. they are only found in singapore and malaysia and they are critically endangered in singapore because there are only 60 left and 250 in malaysia. so 310 in total. what is being done to protect them in singapore and malaysia? we have a long—term project in singapore where we collect data on the population

and how they are doing on this information will be given to national parks boards so we can identify areas and habitats important for them for conversation —— conservation. important for them for conversation -- conservation. can they be careful both in the same kind of situation in malaysia and singapore almost have to be moved to singapore? more like a facilitating exchange between individuals malaysia and singapore. in singapore, because of the small population size, they are experiencing inbreeding. whereas in malaysia, because most of the habitat is being removed for palm oil plantation, the habitat is not being protected. in the long—term they will probably decline faster than the ones in singapore so it is important to facilitate exchanging collaboration between the two countries. tell us more about the raffles banded langur. what is their personality? most people in singapore would be more familiar with the brown coloured monkey but

these raffles banded langur are double the size, black in colour and very fast in the trees. most will be able to see them, —— will not be able to see them, —— will not be able to see them. they are why i started liking monkeys when i had a pet monkey when i was ten yea rs had a pet monkey when i was ten years old. it was an african monkey, illegal but i did not know at the time. after sending the monkey back to africa i realised i wanted to learn more about primates and how we can do better to conserve them. so to start with i wanted to learn about the payments in singapore and the raffles banded langur. her enthusiasm isjust her enthusiasm is just contagious. psychologists in hong kong say they're increasingly concerned about the impact the ongoing crisis

is having on children's mental health. nearly a thousand under—18s have been arrested this year during often violent demonstrations. pro—democracy campaigners want more say in the way their city is run and less interference from mainland china. nick beake reports. iam not i am not the same person i was six months ago. and i think the situation among the new generation of hong kong, i think it is the same. hundreds of children way too young to be studying here at the university found themselves trapped on—campus full we saw the head teachers pleading to be allowed in so they could try and bring them out

to safety. the question is, why are so many kids risking so much?” to safety. the question is, why are so many kids risking so much? i am worried about my safety. but i am more worried about my future. about the future of hong kong, about the city we will live in in the future. if we are living in a safe city but with no freedom and democracy, people cannot do what they want to do. people cannot think what they wa nt to do. people cannot think what they want to think. i have seen kids, they cannot concentrate on their schoolwork which is alarming. i have seen kids dropping academic performance significa ntly and seen kids dropping academic performance significantly and they cannot fall asleep at night. they scroll through their phone late until two or 3am and then they get sick more often.

when you are in the polytechnic university, you were all trapped, what went through your mind at that point? i still remember the fear in the campus. i was having my brea kfast the campus. i was having my breakfast and suddenly i cried. because i thought about what is happening in the future. we are to be put injailfor ten years. would ibe be put injailfor ten years. would i be unable to see my friends anymore? my parents? my teachers? who will care about me? i find that some of the kids are changing the way to deal with this collective trauma. they are trying to integrate the movement into their daily life. in the long—term, we

will find that this political generation of kids will be different from other developed countries because of their mistrust of the government, the mistrust of the police, the mistrust of systems. that could be quite alarming. the very serious consequences there, the impact that the protests in hong kong have been having on the young people. you have been watching newsday. i'm kasia madera in london. and i'm rico hizon in singapore. coming up — saudi aramco is set to announce the final price of its initial public offering. economists expect the gulf energy giant's stock market debut to be the world's biggest ever. we'll see how the world's most profitable company got there? it's december and almost christmas. in new york major department stores are gearing up for the festive period by turning their windows into whimsical winter wonderlands. adding to the festivities,

singerjohn legend lent his talents to bloomingdale's as the store revealed its futuristic windows. some of us have got quite murky conditions to come over the next few hours. the fog patches to the south—east of this weather front but if we zoom out of the uk and look at what is upstream of us we can see the next area of low pressure showing its hand and this will bring wet and windy weather to the north—west of the uk. in a few hours time. the time being we have showers across the north—west so if you step outside here, take your umbrella. dense fog patches are forming around the thames estuary. we have seen fog and he threw around the m25 and some of that is freezing fog with temperatures well below freezing as well. some of these murky

conditions, some of the fog patches may last into the first part of thursday morning ringing poor travelling conditions out and about. but for thursday's weather for the most part, but for thursday's weather for the most pa rt, really but for thursday's weather for the most part, really we're looking the next weather system moving in and that will bring strong wind with it to the north—west and outbreaks of rain which will quickly spread across northern ireland and scotland before sinking southwards later in the day into the north of england and wales. in the highlands of scotla nd and wales. in the highlands of scotland we will see the largest accumulations of rain with 70 or 80 millimetres of rain in the forecast here. that is a lot of rain, enough for localised surface water flooding issues. dampen the northern half after the murky start in the south—east, things should brighten for a few of us were centring around and foremost it is a relatively mild day with temperatures widely into double figures. through thursday night we will see the rain push southwards across all of england and wales for a time with all the cloud around and south—westerly wind it be around and south—westerly wind it be a very mild night. thursday night

into the first part of friday morning for most, temperatures into double figures. a mild start to friday with a few of us a wet start as well. mild and wet with south—westerly wind later in the day the rain will tend to eased to a mixture of sunshine and shower, north—westerly wind will start to move in bringing cooler air to the north—west of the country and a significant drop in temperature. so later on in the afternoon, five degrees in some areas, eight in aberdeen. still mild further south with highs 11 also in london. this weekend we're looking at a ridge of high pressure to start the weekend. later in the weekend we will see the band of rain come through and quite a bit of that might come through overnight that it will be further pulses of rain for sunday. 0verall, saturday looks like being the better of the two days of the weekend and sunday could see rain at times for many of us. and that is your weather.

i'm kasia madera

with bbc world news. our top story: the impeachment inquiry against donald trump has entered a new phase, as the house of representatives holds hearings aimed at drawing up articles of impeachment. three constitutional experts called by the democrats say the president's actions require him to be removed from office. but a law professor selected by republicans disagreed. meanwhile, president trump left the uk after attending a nato summit. divisions emerged between leaders, despite a show of unity at the 70th annniversary alliance celebrations. and this news about a gadget is popular on our website. it is to be used by police in los angeles to bring down suspected criminals. it works by firing a cord which then wraps around the legs. the bolawrap has recently been adopted by several other forces.