this is the business briefing. i'm sally bundock. millennials get tough on climate change, which could hit some big polluters in the pocket. a dispute about disputes at the world trade organisation leaves the trade body in crisis. and nintendo flips the switch in china as it attempts to crack the country's lucrative gaming market. and on the financial markets in asia, shares are edging higher with investors very cautious ahead of the central bank meetings in the us and europe. they are looking a little flat.

a global survey out today suggests young people view climate change as one of the biggest challenges facing the world. it comes as the environmental activist, greta thunberg, is set to address government ministers meeting in madrid. the survey by amnesty international covered 10,000 young people and climate change came top of the list of challenges facing the world. the impact of this rising concern is predicted to have a dramatic impact on polluting industries. it's estimated the world's 10 biggest oil and gas firms could lose 31% of their current value. meanwhile, other sectors could gain. the same analysis suggests car makers, which move swiftly to electric vehicles, could more than double in value. a few days ago, the young environmental activist, greta thunberg, urged world leaders

to take more action. what i want to come out from this is as for every other such meeting, that world leaders finally understand the urgency and that they listen to the science and act on the science, that they start treating this crisis is like a crisis and co—operate internationally. she will be speaking to government ministers today in madrid. sue bonney, who's a senior partner at kpmg, joins me now. good morning. this analysis coming from amnesty international today obviously timed to happen when the summit is happening in madrid, when greta trombetta is going to speak and grab all the headlines, but there is nothing in there that we don't already know, would you say —— thunberg. we talk about generation 2

putting it at the top of the agenda, but if you are some that question two years ago, i would have said they were obsessed by disruption and data. right now in the summer we surveyed the ceos in the lightest organisations in climate was right at the top of the list. for the cyber security in a type of thing. what are industry doing? they are having to listen to all stakeholders, investors, customers and staff. that is meaning they have to think holistically across a whole thing. it is not about oil companies and renewables. it is about any business really thinking responsibly about how it is consuming, what the supply chain looks like and it means they have to work differently and collaborate with suppliers, maybe with competitors so you get an industry solution for some of these things, not a series of point solutions. is there enough pressure

on business leaders right now for this issue to really shift and for us this issue to really shift and for us to really see a change in their decision—making when it comes to capital expenditure? that kind of thing. yesterday we discussed the french government debating in parliament finds being put out there to companies who don't recycle their waste or use their waste in a sustainable way for example. certainly regulation is a big deal. the other pressure i think they can't ignore is investor pressure. investors are increasingly looking at the sustainability of the underlying businesses in which they are investing, that means notjust the climate, but the whole environmental impact, the social communities operating, how they conduct themselves and actually that pressure, they are going to have to report themselves on the climate impact of the companies they are investing in so the companies had to do the same. that is big pressure

because that is a money feeding the business. you talk about the pressure on companies, but there is demand at the same time. demand for fossil fuels demand at the same time. demand for fossilfuels coming from demand at the same time. demand for fossil fuels coming from all sorts of quarters, not least governments around the world. that demand is here for some time, isn't it? and thatis here for some time, isn't it? and that is why the solutions are complex, long—term solutions and there might be some quick fixes around, behaviours around consuming less but then you need to look at long—term solutions so that we replace the fossil fuels with alternative ways of doing things. replace the fossil fuels with alternative ways of doing thingsm isa alternative ways of doing thingsm is a combined responsibility, it is not one industry, not one sector.m is also our responsibility, all of us as is also our responsibility, all of us as individuals. thank you for coming in so early. we do appreciate it. and that is all happening in madrid later today. we will be across the day develops. —— we will be across that as the day develops. the world trade organization is facing a crisis in its system for settling disputes between member countries. today is the final day on which its appeal court will have the minimum number

ofjudges to consider cases. two of those judges are completing their terms and there will be just one left. the us has blocked the appointment of replacements. so, how did the wto get to this impasse? here's andrew walker to explain. the wto system resolving disputes has been called as crown jewel and is designed to make sure the scales of justice are is designed to make sure the scales ofjustice are evenly balanced no matter the size of the country. but it is facing a major crisis. when countries lose in a wto dispute they can appeal to the body. it is supposed to have a pool of seven judges, three are needed to rule on an appeal. they are appointed for ethics. but the trump administration has blocked a replacement ofjudges in their terms and, saying they are effectively creating new trade laws by the back door. their numbers have dwindled to the point that the court is running out ofjudges so the apple at body will not be able to ta ke apple at body will not be able to take on any more cases. this means any country that loses in the first stage of a dispute can block any

ruling by appealing, which freezes the process. all this feeds into concerns over the future of the rules —based global trading system. many are worried the world may see a return to the days where might is right. let's turn to gaming now, because japan's nintendo is officially launching its popular switch gaming console in china today. interestingly, it's teaming up with tencent, perhaps the biggest gaming company in the world. let's go to our asia business hub where rico hizon is following the story. nice to see you. i am loving your tie. it is so festive. christmas is here. you should have super mario on there today. super mario and pokemon! in china. the japanese gaming giants, the best—known characters are hoping to make a big splash and they will be popular, but it doesn't mean that it won't be a challenging market for nintendo because beijing has imposed ——

imposed new rules, gaming children under 18 are banned from playing online between 8pm and eight a.m.. there are restrictions on the amount of money which miners can transform —— transfer to gaming accounts. console gaming is not as popular in china. most people play games on their smart phones. nintendo's rival sony launched its playstation for console in china around four days ago. they have already bought switch. the device came out in my 2017 and chinese nintendo fans on the mainland were able to get them from hong kong or evenjapan. we have to wait and see what kind of impact this nintendo tencent allies will have in china. onto another important issue. have you opened

your secret santa present yet? i have! what did you get? was it good? i got have! what did you get? was it good? igota have! what did you get? was it good? i gota vr have! what did you get? was it good? i got a vr glasses. virtual reality. iam impressed. i got a vr glasses. virtual reality. i am impressed. i i got a vr glasses. virtual reality. iam impressed. i might geta candle ifiam iam impressed. i might geta candle if i am lucky. nice to see you and see you again soon. yes, they are doing secret santa in the singapore bureau today. poaching of elephants and rhino is a major concern in africa but —— they face and instead and far more common form of poaching, snares. these traps indiscriminately maim and kill animals every week. one business is re— forging these death traps into fashion products in order to educate the world about the dangers. snares are also called the silent killer of africa. not a lot of people know about it. if you just think about a snare, people don't

realise the impact that they have on a lot of different animals in a lot of different species. the problem is they don't, they are not targeted at specific species. any animal that comes across a snare has a chance of injury or death. i was out on a snare patrol one morning, holding a bunch of snares in my hands and i thought, you know what, what is the story that this snare tells? i came up story that this snare tells? i came up with the idea of making a bracelet that anybody can wear and it tells a story of something that was so destructive once and turned into something hopeful. i would say in the last eight months we have probably transformed about... 800 snares into various products, belt buckles, bracelets and rings. a lot of our clients have not been personally affected by sneering or they are just not educated on that topic, so we sell our bracelets to include information pamphlet that explains what snares are and what

they do and what damage and destruction they cause and then through that, with everyone wearing a bracelet, they can spread that story and that is how we educate people. what an innovative idea. that is business briefing. one of the last surviving raf pilots who fought in the battle of britain during the second world war has died at the age 101. maurice mounsdon was one of only four remaining members of what churchill called ‘the few‘. 0ur correspondent robert hall looks back at his life. their story has gripped us for over 75 years — the young men who defended their skies against waves of german bombers in 1940. archive: hurricanes and spitfires

roar into action... now, one by one, those men are passing into raf history. maurice mounsdon was just 21 when he joined up. less than a year after completing his training, he was in combat over kent. through july and august, he flew relentless and exhausting missions, shooting down at least seven enemy aircraft. but his luck ran out, and at 111,000 feet, he was forcedto bail out —— he was forced to bail out of his blazing hurricane. i'd had a shot at one of the bombers, and i was overtaking the squadron. so i turned to come back and have another go when i was hit. maurice landed in these essex fields. his hands and legs were badly burned, and he endured months of treatment in hospital. the pain comes later. oh, yes. burns are rather uncomfortable.

hmm. maurice mounsdon never flew again, but he did serve until the end of the war. now, just three of his fellow pilots remain, all of them over 100. but the courage shown in that long and costly summer will outlive all of them. coming up at 6:00 on breakfast, dan walker and sally nugent will have all the day's news, business and sport. this is the briefing from bbc news. the latest headlines: new zealand police say they're launching a criminal investigation after a volcanic eruption, which is believed to have killed as many as 13 people. myanmar‘s leader, aung san suu kyi, will appear at the international court ofjustice to deny that her country has carried out genocide against rohingya muslims.

now, it's time to look at the stories that are making the headlines in the media across the world. we begin with guardian website and latest breaking news on the volcanic explosion in new zealand. police have said they are launching a criminal investigation over the deaths of tourists killed in the eruption of the white island volcano. the guardian bringing the very latest on that as our way. there have been various press conferences overnight. the telegraph has an interesting line on the election and where we are at. it says an internal conservative memo says tactical voting in just 12 constituencies would help the labour leaderjeremy corbyn oust prime minister boris johnson from downing street. meanwhile, the guardian reports labour has accused borisjohnson‘s campaign of lying after it wrongly

said a tory aide was punched outside the hospital by a left—wing activist. vox news has this picture of sanna marin who at the age of 3a is currently the world's youngest prime minister. the new finnish pm will also lead a coalition government with five women in top spots, four of whom are under 35. 0n the bbc news website, investors shaken by the suspension of withdrawals from a leading uk property fund pulled nearly £100 million from similar investments in just two days. m&g froze withdrawals from its property portfolio fund after it was unable to sell assets fast enough to meet investors' demands for money. and finally on the independent website, the world's first funeral home dedicated to composting human beings is set to open in 2021. us company recompose will be able

to turn the deceased into a cubic