welcome to bbc news, i'm james reynolds. our top stories: marathon talks on climate change close in madrid, but a compromise deal prompts scathing criticism. hearour hear our stories, learn our histories. stop taking up space with your false solutions, and histories. stop taking up space with yourfalse solutions, and get histories. stop taking up space with your false solutions, and get out of oui’ ways. “— your false solutions, and get out of our ways. —— get out of our way. indian police confront demonstrators on the streets of delhi, as protests over a new citizenship law intensify. running battles in the lebanese capital, beirut. thousands of anti—government protesters clash with police. and putin's 20 years in power. a special report on the

changing face of russia. the longest session of un climate talks ever held has come to an end in madrid. after an extra two days and nights of talks, all countries agreed to develop tougher carbon—cutting plans in time for another major conference to be hosted next year by the uk in glasgow. the deal, seen as a compromise, has been criticised by the un secretary general as a lost opportunity. our science editor david shukman has the details. we're starting to get a little lost. we are kind of lost. 0k. confusion and fatigue after the longest session of climate negotiations on record. we are a little confused about what documents are being discussed. the hope had been to speed up the fight against rising temperatures. instead, the talks limped

to a compromise that left many unhappy. especially the island nations that fear for their futures. i'm exhausted. ifeel like much, much more could have been done. and i'm thinking about how i'm going to go home and explain that this was a really, really challenging process, especially for the island states and other developing nations. the gases driving up temperatures are being blasted out in ever greater quantities. and the most vulnerable countries were banking on getting new promises to cut these emissions. their worry is that a hotter world will see more melting of the ice caps, and a higher sea level, threatening coastlines around the world. the whole point of these talks over the last quarter of a century has been to try to stop global temperatures from rising to dangerous levels.

the world has already warmed byjust over one degree celsius over the last 150 years. and a rise of up to 1.5 degrees is regarded as the maximum safe limit. but, even with all the pledges that countries have made on climate change, we're still heading for an increase of at least three degrees, despite all these conferences. so what happens now? the world's biggest polluter, china, is still using coal, the dirtiest kind of fuel, and has plans to burn a lot more of it. but there are hints that next year we will see a greener chinese policy emerge. applause. that would help the uk. the former minister clare o'neil is now in the chair of the un process. she'll need plenty of support ahead of the next summit, due in glasgow next november. one of the things at this moment made more difficult for the uk is the fact they have a much tighter set of negotiating items they will have

to deal with next year. but the actual lift, in terms of delivering more action, was always going to be a big lift, and they can't do it on their own. and, all the time, reminders of the threat. australia is enduring unprecedented bushfires, and the coming days there could also see record heat. david shukman, bbc news. in india, at least six people have been killed in delhi after police and demonstrators clashed over a controversial new law on migrants. the law allows people from three mainly muslim countries to become indian citizens if they claim religious persecution, but not if they are muslim. pratiksha ghildial reports. extraordinary scenes in india's capital. this is the fifth straight day of violent protests across many parts of the country. screaming and yelling. here, the security forces clash with students from a top university. the students claim the police violently entered the jamia millia islamia university and assaulted them.

the police say they were attacked with stones. the students were protesting against india's new citizenship law that allows migrants from neighbouring countries to get indian citizenship, except if they are muslims. it's notjust delhi that has erupted with anger. in the north—eastern state of assam, they're on the streets for different reasons. these people fear the new law will lead to them being overrun by migrants from neighbouring bangladesh, both hindus and muslims. at least two people were killed here, reportedly in firing by security forces. 17—year—old sam stafford was one of them. a passionate musician, he wanted to show solidarity with his friends who were protesting against the new citizenship law. "we got a call that sam was hit by bullets", she tells me, "and

he died on the spot. i wantjustice. i want to know why he was shot. he committed no crime." meanwhile, people are determined to show resistance, even as the authorities continue the clamp—down. pratiksha ghildial, bbc news, assam. let's get some of the day's other news: us senate democratic leader chuck schumer wants at least four witnesses, including white house acting chief of staff mick mulvaney and former national security adviserjohn bolton, to be subpoenaed to testify in the expected impeachment trial of president donald trump. mr trump is expected to become the third us president to be impeached when the full democratic—led house of representatives votes on the charges, likely this week. the turkish president, recep tayyip erdogan, has confirmed that he would consider expelling american forces from turkey's incirlik air base if washington presses ahead with sanctions.

he made the comments in a live broadcast on turkish radio. the editor of the online magazine rappler has appeared in court in the philippines to answer charges of cyber libel. maria ressa is a prominent critic of president duterte. she says the trial is politically motivated and aimed at shutting her website down. anti—government protesters in the lebanese capital, beirut, have again clashed with security forces. protesters threw bottles and fireworks at police officers, who responded with tear gas and water cannon. the protests came a day after dozens were injured in some of the worst violence since demonstrations began. on monday, the lebanese parliament will consider who to nominate as prime minister to replace saad al—hariri, who resigned in october. gareth barlow reports. beirut is once again a flashpoint for protest. tea rgas beirut is once again a flashpoint for protest. teargas choked the air as police took aim with water cannon, the protesters flooding into the city's central square.

translation: i am the city's central square. translation: iam here, and i've got nothing to lose. i'm ready to sacrifice my life for the revolution, so that lebanon can be a real homeland. for the first time in my life, i feel that i real homeland. for the first time in my life, ifeel that i can real homeland. for the first time in my life, i feel that i can dream real homeland. for the first time in my life, ifeel that i can dream of a new homeland, a real one. on saturday, fierce clashes broke out between demonstrators, counter protesters, and police. the government has opened an enquiry following claims of excessive use of force. lebanon's ailing economy, high unemployment and they are public services saw unrest began in october. the prime minister and central government figures have resigned. on monday, consultations to form a new cabinet will begin. protesters want to overhaul the entire political system, but the sunni establishment has previously

banned the return of the former president saad al—hariri. the reignited clashes this weekend are both ideological and physical. it seems they are far from over, and set to enter a new phase. the us special envoy for north korea has held a meeting with south korean officials. he arrived just hours after north korea announced it had conducted another successful rocket engine test. he says he is hopeful it is still possible to negotiate an end to pyongyang's nuclear and missile programmes. we have offered any number of creative ways to proceed, with feasible steps and flexibility, in our negotiations to reach balanced agreements that meet the objectives of both sides. and, just as is the case with president trump, i remain confident that all

of this is possible. i believe we can do this, but the united states cannot do it alone. therefore, here today, let me speak directly to our cou nterpa rts today, let me speak directly to our counterparts in north korea. it is time for us to do ourjobs. let's get this done. we are here, and you know how to reach us. it is 20 years since vladimir putin came to power, first as prime minister and then as president of russia. in that time, he has built a system of power which revolves around him, resulting in all major decisions being taken by the kremlin. that is why many russians feel they have to go directly to him to solve their problems, sometimes with remarkable success, as steve rosenberg reports from eastern siberia. russian rulers are like siberian

winters — they go on and on. joseph stalin's icy grip spanned a quarter of a century. brezhnev ruled 18 years. for vladimir putin, it's already 20, and counting. nadyezhda is a putin fan. when eight houses in her village burnt down, she went on tv and begged the president for help. the very next day, mr putin sent in the builders, and — abracadabra — new homes, courtesy of the kremlin. da. nadyezhda even got to meet russia's leader and shake his hand. translation: people in the village told me, don't wash your hand for a year. some of them asked me to shake their hands with the hand

the president shook. under putin, russia has risen from her knees. let him stay in power. give him another 20 years. this is exactly how vladimir putin wants his people to see him, as the solution to their problems, not as the cause of them. and because the kremlin controls the media here, and the whole political system, for the last 20 years it has been able to push this message quite successfully. over the last two decades, vladimir putin has honed the image of modern—day tsar, all—powerful, irreplaceable. but not everyone in russia believes that is a good thing. someone who's been in powerfor that long cannot avoid beginning to think that he is very special, that he is more intelligent than anyone else, that he knows it all. gradually, you succumb to this aura

of being the only and the one great, and so on, and that's very dangerous for a country. boris yeltsin didn't succumb. 20 years ago, he stepped down early to hand over to putin. valentin yumashev played a key role in that decision. as boris yeltsin‘s chief of staff, he had hired putin to be his deputy, and later recommended him to yeltsin as a possible future president. so what does he think? will putin leave office when constitutionally obliged to, infouryears‘ time? translation: if we asked putin now about 2024, he'd say 100% that he will step down. but that's four years away. the situation will be different. we don't know what vladimir putin will do then. what we do know is that

although russian winters are long, they do end eventually, and so eventually will the putin era. but what comes next? what kind of leader? it's too soon to predict. steve rosenberg, bbc news, siberia. stay with us on bbc news. still to come: reversing america's urban decline. how mexican immigrants brought a ghost town back to life. after eight months on the run, saddam hussein has been tracked down and captured by american forces. saddam hussein is finished because he killed our people, our women, our children. the signatures took only a few minutes, but they brought a formal end to 3.5 years of conflict that has claimed more than 200,000 lives.

before an audience of world leaders, the presidents of bosnia, serbia and croatia put their names to the peace agreement. the romanian border was sealed and silent today. romania has cut itself off from the outside world in order to prevent the details of the presumed massacre in timisoara from leaking out. from sex at the white house to a trial for his political life, the lewinsky affair tonight guaranteed bill clinton his place in history as only the second president ever to be impeached. this is bbc news, the latest headlines: critics have attacked a compromise deal on tackling climate change. they say the un summit in madrid failed the people and the planet. violence in the indian capital, delhi, as protestors say a new citizenship law discriminates against muslims.

here in the uk, the labour leader, jeremy corbyn, and the shadow chancellor, john mcdonnell, have apologised for the party's defeat in thursday's general election. it saw the party lose 59 seats. mr corbyn said he was sorry they came up short, while mr mcdonnell said he owns this disaster. here is our political correspondent nick eardley. thejeremy corbyn era is coming to an end, but what will that mean for the labour party? how much does it need to change after its disastrous election this morning, mr corbyn said he took his responsibility. his right—hand man went further. it's on me. let's take it on the chin. i own this disaster. so i apologise. i apologise to all those wonderful labour mps who've lost their seats who worked so hard. i apologise to all our campaigners. but that apology only goes so far. the outgoing leadership say they made mistakes, but they blame brexit, believe they were demonised

by the media and insist their radical policy agenda was popular. if there was one criticism, and this is a self—criticism, it's not having a narrative that convinced people about how this all fitted together. the battle for the labour leadership is likely to be bruising, because there are vastly different interpretations of what went wrong. some want a leader who will continue with mr corbyn‘s message, butjust find a better way of selling it. others want a leader who will drag the party back to the political centre. others still want a leader who can appeal to the north, who can say to those labour voters who abandoned the party for the conservatives over brexit, we understand you. the wigan mp lisa nandy says she's thinking about running. we've just had the most shattering defeat where you really felt in towns like mine that the earth was quaking. and we've watched the entire labour base just crumble beneath our feet. we have to think seriously about how we rebuild that coalition that has

propelled us into power three times in the last hundred years. the lewishams and the leighs, and how you speak for both. there are other big ramifications from thursday's vote, too. independence has shot up the agenda after the snp‘s victory in scotland. the uk government says the last independence vote should be respected. nicola sturgeon says she has a mandate for a new one. you cannot hold scotland in the union against its will. you cannot sort ofjust lock us in a cupboard and turn the key and hope that everything goes away. if the union, if the united kingdom is to continue, then it can only be by consent. boris johnson's government meanwhile prepares to get down to business. on thursday there will be a queen's speech with a focus on the nhs, and yes, delivering brexit next month. our intention is to bring the withdrawal bill, the legislation, back to parliament before christmas. this week? ideally before christmas, as soon

as possible would be perfect. new mps will start to arrive here tomorrow to a very different political landscape. some questions, like will brexit happen, have been answered. others, like the future of labour and perhaps the uk, are being asked as loudly as ever. nick eardley, bbc news. a slice of life now from the american state of oklahoma and the town of guymon. 20 years ago, it was almost wiped off the map, with a dwindling population and a lack of industry. then, mexican immigrants started arriving, giving the town a new outlook and a brighter future. we've been to oklahoma to see how the hispanic community has helped the district turn its fortunes around. guymon was a small rural agricultural community, had been in decline for several years. population had declined. there was no industry.

guymon oklahoma was at risk of becoming a ghost town so many places in america's great plains but its fortunes have turned around thanks to newcomers who made here home. anybody that i have ever met that was hispanic, they are always kind. now i am in they are always kind. nowiam ina they are always kind. now i am in a mixed family. this is the story of how mexican immigrants changed the life of this town. jesus arrived in guymon when he was only 11. now he is one of the few latinos firefighters in town.

his family moved to guymon shortly after a food processing plant opened. in the early 90s, seaboard announced they were coming to guymon and bringing with them a lot ofjobs and bringing with them a lot ofjobs and since then growth has been tremendous. guymon in texas county has become the most diverse county in the state of oklahoma. the growth he is talking about has been primarily from hispanic immigrants. the hispanic population in guymon grew from 1990, 977, to almost 6700. and hispanics have moved beyond the processing plant to become the town's entrepreneurs. anna helps run a grocery store and mexican restaurant that opened

some years ago. we went through the 1930s, the dust bowls, which was a tremendous time but those that stayed are hearty stock, they are self—independent, ha rd stock, they are self—independent, hard workers and i think the hispanic population that has come in, i see the same type from them. they are just good, hard—working people. the town has historically voted republican. many of the people we spoke to told us many of the people we spoke to told us they support immigration. we do not have the problems that they have with diversity in larger metro areas. we all get along, we all accept our neighbours, we a cce pt accept our neighbours, we accept the things that's going on in our community. heather uribe might be the best example of how hispanic immigrants have impacted the community. iam the have impacted the community. i am the only person that can speak english in the restaurant and speak spanish at the same time.

heather works for a mexican restaurant. that is how she met her husband. guymon, deep in the american heartland, has become a prime example of multicultural integration. the bbc‘s angelica cass reporting from the us state of oklahoma. kate and william, the duke and duchess of cambridge, will be showing off their culinary skills for a festive bbc show with one of the uk's national treasures, mary berry. the special programme will see the royal couple combine cooking

with a tour of the good causes they are supporting this christmas. our royal correspondent, daniela relph, has had a sneak preview. baking royalty meets real loyalty. but it was the duchess of cambridge who was a super fan here. she even confessed one of prince louis's first words was "mary", due to the number of mary berry cookbooks around the royal kitchen. so do you do a bit of cooking with your children? yes, i really enjoy it. again, for them to be creative, for them to try and be as independent as possible with it. actually, one of the last things we cooked together was your pizza dough. we made pizzas. did you? with your pizza dough recipe, and... did it work? it did work. they loved it, absolutely loved it. the programme explores the royals‘ charity projects. william took mary berry to the passage homeless charity, a place he first visited with his mother around 30 years ago. he said princess diana brought her sons here to show them life beyond palace walls,

something he is now trying to do with his own children. do you talk to your children about your thoughts and your views, and show them? will you bring them along here when they're a bit bigger? absolutely, and on the school run — i know it sounds a little bit contrived — but on the school run already, bearing in mind they're six and four, whenever we see anyone sleeping rough on the streets, i talk about it, and i point it out, and i explain why. and they're all very interested, they're like, "why is that person...? why can't they go home?" on your marks, get set, go. there was of course a royal bake off, with william drafting in expert help while his wife revealed his cooking skills. he's very good at breakfast. university days, he used to cook all sorts of meals. i think that's when he was trying to impress me, mary. it is a christmas behind—the—scenes peek at their work and home life of this future king and queen. daniela relph, bbc news. for viewers in the uk, you can catch

the programme on bbc one at 8:30pm. you can reach me on twitter. i'm @james bbc news. do stay with us. hello there. after some heavy overnight showers and plunging temperatures as well, we're going into the new week on a bit of a wintry note for some of you. but gradually, through this week, we are set to see temperatures rise a bit more widely across the uk, but the pay—off, during the second half of the week, is wetter and windier weather is set to return once again. but let's kick off with what's happening on monday morning. a chilly start, as i said, some showers through the night, that left a covering of snow. and anywhere from wales, the midlands, northwards, temperatures will be low enough for some slippery conditions on roads and pavements, particularly northern england and central and southern scotland, where there could still be some wintry showers, giving a coating of snow over the hills. through the day, western scotland, northern ireland, the showers become more frequent than saw during sunday, with stronger winds. further south, well,

a few showers around. one or two continuing towards the south—east, and around some eastern coasts and hill through the day. but overall, a drier afternoon, brighter afternoon, and less windy one. temperatures though will be the same as we've seen through the weekend, around 4—10 degrees. and the second the sun sets, they will plummet away. it's going to be another chilly night. a few things continuing though through monday night. showers in western scotland, northern ireland, giving further covering of snow across the grampians and the highlands, but something cloudier and wetter spreading in through the channel islands, towards east anglia and the south—east, keeping temperatures up here. away from that, though, a risk of frost, some ice, and a greater chance of some fog patches into the tuesday morning rush—hour. so a few things for tuesday to consider. cloud and outbreaks of rain in that south—east corner could continue all day long, eventually easing. there'll be fog to begin with elsewhere. that will gradually clear. a few showers dotted around in the north and the west, more especially towards shetland. many though having a drier day but quite a chilly one. after that cold start, temperatures only around 4—8 degrees during the afternoon. and a cold night will follow, with widespread frost and the return of some fog patches. this little bump here is a ridge of high pressure keeping things dry to take us into the start of wednesday.

if you avoid the fog patches on wednesday, then you've got a lovely bright, crisp, sunny start to the day, with light winds. but through the day, the breeze will be picking up in the west. northern ireland, wales, south—west england will gradually turn windier and wetter. temperatures will be on the rise into double figures by the end of the day. but much of scotland, north—eastern england, a chilly day with some sunny spells. here, though, we will see the rain arrive, as we go through wednesday night and, with a big driving area of low pressure out towards the west of us, southerly winds will keep temperatures up. no frost to take us into thursday morning but we could see a spell of snow before that turns back to rain across the grampians and the highlands. some blizzard conditions for a time. that clears its way northwards. thursday, then, a story of sunshine and heavy and thundery showers. quite a breezy day as it will be on friday, with more rain for many of you but, as i said, temperatures will be on the up.

this is bbc news. the headlines: the longest un climate talks ever held have finished with a compromise deal on tackling climate change. delegates and environmental campaigners called it an utter failure, blaming some of the most polluting nations for holding back decisive action. discussions on several key issues were shelved until next year's climate talks in the uk. activists are continuing their protests in the indian capital, delhi, accusing police of attacking students demonstrating against a controversial new law. it allows migrants escaping religious persecution in neighbouring countries to claim citizenship, but not if they're muslim. new zealand has held a minute's silence to mark the exact moment a week ago when a deadly volcanic eruption took place on white island. 18 people are known to have died in the explosion, including two whose bodies have not been recovered. 26 survivors remain in a critical condition.