he and the british government. this is bbc news. welcome if you're watching here in the uk or around the globe. i'm james reynolds, our top stories: cheering and applause. marathon talks on climate change clos e in madrid. but a compromise deal prompts scathing criticism. we will never accept crumbs of a future, and we will make the polluters pay. this cop has failed the people and the planet. indian police confront demonstrators on the streets of delhi as protests over a new citizenship law intensify. running battles in the lebanese capital beirut. thousands of anti—government protesters clash with police. and, putin's 20 years in power. a special report on the

changing face of russia. the longest session of un climate talks ever held has come to an end in madrid. after an extra two days and nights of talks, all countries agreed to develop tougher carbon—cutting plans in time for another major conference to be hosted next year by the uk in glasgow. the deal, seen as a compromise, has been criticised by the un secretary general as a lost opportunity. our science editor david shukman has the details. we're starting to get a little lost. we are kind of lost. 0k. confusion and fatigue, after the longest session of climate negotiations on record. we are a little confused about what documents

are being discussed. the hope had been to speed up the fight against rising temperatures. instead, the talks limped to a compromise that left many unhappy, especially the island nations that fear for their futures. the gases driving up temperatures are being blasted out in ever greater quantities, and the most vulnerable countries were banking on getting new promises to cut these emissions. their worry is that a hotter world will see more melting of the ice caps, and a higher sea level, threatening coastlines around the world. the whole point of these talks over the last quarter of a century has been to try to stop global temperatures from rising to dangerous levels. the world has already warmed byjust over one degree celsius over the last 150 years, and a rise of up to 1.5 degrees is regarded as the maximum safe limit. but, even with all the pledges that countries have made on climate change, we're still heading for an increase of at least three degrees, despite all these conferences. so what happens now?

the world's biggest polluter, china, is still using coal, the dirtiest kind of fuel, and has plans to burn a lot more of it. but there are hints that next year we will see a greener chinese policy emerge. and, all the time, reminders of the threat. australia is enduring unprecedented bushfires, and the coming days there could also see record heat. david shukman, bbc news. in india, at least six people have been killed after police and demonstrators clashed over a controversial new law on migrants. the law allows people from three mainly muslim countries to become indian citizens if they claim religious persecution but not if they're muslim. pratiksha ghildial reports. extraordinary scenes in india's capital. this is the fifth straight day of violent protests across many parts of the country. screaming and yelling. here, the security forces clash

with students from a top university. the students claim the police violently entered the jamia millia islamia university and assaulted them. the police say they were attacked with stones. the students were protesting against india's new citizenship law, that allows migrants from neighbouring countries to get indian citizenship, except if they are muslims. it's notjust delhi that has erupted with anger. in the north—eastern state of assam, they're on the streets for different reasons. these people fear the new law will lead to them being overrun by migrants from neighbouring bangladesh, both hindus and muslims. at least two people were killed here, reportedly in firing by security forces. 17—year—old sam stafford was one of them. a passionate musician, he wanted to show solidarity with his friends who were protesting against the new citizenship law. "we got a call that sam

was hit by bullets", she tells me, "and he died on the spot. i wantjustice. i want to know why he was shot. he committed no crime." meanwhile, people are determined to show resistance, even as the authorities continue the clampdown. pratiksha ghildial, bbc news, assam. the us special envoy for north korea, stephen biegun, has held a news conference after meetings with south korean officials. he arrived in seouljust hours after north korea announced it had conducted another successful rocket engine test. mr biegun said he's hopeful it's still possible to negotiate an end to pyongyang's nuclear and missile programs. i believe we can do this, but the united states cannot do it alone. therefore, here today,

let me speak directly to our counterparts in north korea. it is time for us to do ourjobs. let's get this done. we are here, and you know how to reach us. our seoul correspondent, laura bicker has the latest. i think there was much hope here in seoul that certainly stephen biegun would be allowed to meet his north korean counterparts. there were even reports in the newspapers here. with that direct plea, it seems as if stephen biegun is having to talk to north korea through a television camera rather than face—to—face, and the clock is ticking. north korea has imposed a year—end deadline for washington to come up with an acceptable deal. they have said that, if the united states does not come forward with a deal that involves extensive sanctions relief and security guarantees, then they will choose a new path. now, we're not quite sure what that new path entails, but they are giving

us several hints. within the last few months there have been a number of short—range ballistic missile tests, and within the last week there have been two apparent tests of a rocket engine. now, that is not a weapon in and of itself, but it can be used to launch intercontinental ballistic missiles. these are the long—range missiles capable of hitting the united states. also, it could be for potential satellite launch. these are the two things, certainly, that analysts are watching. but when it comes to those talks, the analysts are looking, and it doesn't appear that stephen biegun and his north korean counterparts are able to talk directly. that is a fascinating point. you said he is talking through the tv screen. they can'tjust pick up the phone to each other? the methods of contacting north korea is quite difficult. there is a mission in new york where, would you believe it, they still use a fax machine to talk with north korea.

so there are various channels by which they can communicate, but it can be very difficult. what i understand, certainly, from us officials is it can be very difficult to get pyongyang to answer any of their pleas for talks. so it does seem that stephen biegun is making a direct plea here. he also said the united states doesn't accept that there is a deadline. they say that the united states has a goal of reaching denuclearisation. that is not what north korea is saying. it says it has a deadline, and it is fast approaching. people across new zealand have observed a minute's silence to mark one week since the deadly eruption of white island volcano. jacinda ardern led the silence, standing alongside her ministers in wellington's parliament building. the tribute was held at 11 minutes past two the exact moment the eruption happened. 16 deaths have been confirmed while two bodies are still missing — believed to be in the water off the island. a short while ago the prime ministerjacinda ardern gave a press conference to update

on the latest on the victims and the investigation. asi as i have said many times, there remain questions to be asked and questions to be answered. as you will know, on the 10th of december, work safe open to health and safety investigation into the harm and loss of life caused by the eruption. i understand the work safe investigation may take a year. the coronial processes are also likely to continue for some time. i can also confirm that today, cabinet approved a $5 million fund for the impact of recent events, both in lock —— wha katane. let's get some of the day's other news. us senate democratic leader chuck schumer wants at least four

witnesses, including white house acting chief of staff mick mulvaney and former national security adviser john bolton to be subpoenaed to testify in the expected impeachment trial of president donald trump. mr trump is expected to become the third us president to be impeached when the full democratic—led house of representatives votes on the charges, likely this week. the turkish president recep tayyip erdogan has confirmed that he would consider expelling american forces from turkey's incirlik air base if washington presses ahead with sanctions. he made the comments in a live broadcast on turkish radio. anti—government protesters in the lebanese capital, beirut, have again clashed with security forces. protesters threw bottles and fireworks at police officers, who responded with tear gas and water cannon. on monday, the lebanese parliament will consider whom to nominate as prime minister, to replace saad al—hariri, who resigned in october. claire sedman reports. beirut is once again a flashpoint for protest. teargas choked the air as police

took aim with water cannon at protesters flooding into the city's central square. translation: i am here, and i've got nothing to lose. i'm ready to sacrifice my life for the revolution, so that lebanon can be a real homeland. for the first time in my life, i feel that i can dream of a new homeland, a real one. on saturday, fierce clashes broke out between demonstrators, counter—protesters, and police. the government has opened an inquiry following claims of excessive use of force. lebanon's ailing economy, high unemployment and dire public services saw unrest begin in october. the prime minister and central government figures have resigned. on monday, consultations to form a new cabinet will begin. protesters want to overhaul the entire political system,

but the sunni establishment has previously backed the return of former prime minister saad al—hariri. the clashes, the most severe in decades, and reignited this weekend, are both ideological and physical. it seems they are far from over, and set to enter a new phase. the editor of the online magazine rappler has appeared in court in the philippines to answer charges of ‘cyber libel‘. maria ressa is a prominent critic of president duterte. she says the trial is politically motivated and aimed at shutting her website down. howard johnson has been monitoring the case from outside the court in manila. today was the first day of defence by the rappler team of the defence

of cyber—libel. goes back to an article written in 2012 that alleged article written in 2012 that alleged a filipino businessman called wilfredo keng had connections with the chiefjustice wilfredo keng had connections with the chief justice of wilfredo keng had connections with the chiefjustice of the time. that we re the chiefjustice of the time. that were questionable. and also that was involved with drug smuggling and human trafficking allegations he denies. this case was brought about in 2017 and initially national bureau of investigations rejected the case. a year later, the department ofjustice pushed ahead with it, despite no new evidence coming to rappler say this was shows it was politically motivated and that the 11 cases against them including tax evasion and foreign ownership shows that rodrigo duterte isa ownership shows that rodrigo duterte is a problem with them and has called them at fake news outlet in the past and say that they are american owned. today we see that the prosecution have said that the buck stops with maria ressa and that is something that the team, the defence team has rejected, saying the management structure was flat and that she wasn't involved in the decision that led to the publishing of this article. the prosecution said after this trial today that they are confident that their evidence outweighs that of the defence and this trial continues on

wednesday when the defence get the chance to present more witnesses. howard johnson with that report from manila. stay with us on bbc world news, still to come: recipes with a royal ingredient. christmas cooking with the duke and duchess of cambridge. saddam hussein is finished because he killed our people, our women, our children. the signatures took only a few minutes, but they brought a formal end to 3.5 years of conflict, conflict that has claimed more than 200,000 lives. before an audience of world leaders, the presidents of bosnia, serbia and croatia put their names to the peace agreement. the romanian border was sealed and silent today. romania has cut itself off from the outside world in order

to prevent the details of the presumed massacre in timisoara from leaking out. from sex at the white house to a trial for his political life, the lewinsky affair tonight guaranteed bill clinton his place in history as only the second president ever to be impeached. this is bbc world news. the latest headlines: critics have attacked a compromise deal on tackling climate change. they say the un summit in madrid failed the people and the planet. violence in the indian capital delhi as protestors say a new citizenship law discriminates against muslims. here in the uk, the labour leaderjeremy corbyn and the shadow chancellorjohn mcdonnell have apologised for the party's defeat in thursday's general election. it saw the party lose 59 seats. mr corbyn said he was sorry they "came up short", while mr mcdonnell said he "owns this disaster". here's our political

correspondent nick erdley. thejeremy corbyn era is coming to an end, but what will that mean for labour? how much does it need to change after its disastrous election result? this morning, mr corbyn said he took his responsibility. his right—hand man went further. it's on me. let's take it on the chin. i own this disaster. so i apologise. i apologise to all those wonderful labour mps who've lost their seats who worked so hard. i apologise to all our campaigners. but that apology only goes so far. the outgoing leadership say they made mistakes, but they blame brexit, believe they were demonised by the media and insist their radical policy agenda was popular. if there was one criticism, and this is a self—criticism, it's not having a narrative that convinced people about how this all fitted together. mr corbyn wants his successor in place by the end of march,

and the process of electing his replacement could begin in early january. the battle for the labour leadership is likely to be bruising, because there are vastly different interpretations of what went wrong. some want a leader who will continue with mr corbyn‘s message, butjust find a better way of selling it. others want a leader who will drag the party back to the political centre. others still want a leader who can appeal to the north, who can say to those labour voters who abandoned the party for the conservatives over brexit, we understand you. the wigan mp lisa nandy says she's thinking about running. we've just had the most shattering defeat where you really felt in towns like mine that the earth was quaking. and we've watched the entire labour base just crumble beneath our feet. we have to think seriously about how we rebuild that coalition that has propelled us into power three times in the last hundred years. the lewishams and the leighs, and how you speak for both. there are other big ramifications from thursday's vote, too. independence has shot up the agenda after the snp‘s victory in scotland. the uk government says the last independence vote

should be respected. nicola sturgeon says she has a mandate for a new one. you cannot hold scotland in the union against its will. you cannot sort ofjust lock us in a cupboard and turn the key and hope that everything goes away. if the union, if the united kingdom is to continue, then it can only be by consent. boris johnson's government meanwhile prepares to get down to business. on thursday there will be a queen's speech with a focus on the nhs, and yes, delivering brexit next month. our intention is to bring the withdrawal bill, the legislation, back to parliament before christmas. this week? ideally before christmas, as soon as possible would be perfect. new mps will start to arrive here tomorrow to a very different political landscape. some questions, like will brexit happen, have been answered. others, like the future of labour and perhaps the uk, are being asked as loudly as ever. nick eardley, bbc news.

it's 20 years since vladimir putin came to power, first as prime minister and then as president of russia. in that time, he's built a system of power which revolves around him — resulting in all major decisions being taken by the kremlin. that's why many russians feel they have to go directly to him to solve their problems, sometimes with remarkable success, as steve rosenberg reports from eastern siberia. russian rulers are like siberian winters — they go on and on. joseph stalin's icy grip spanned a quarter of a century. brezhnev ruled 18 years. for vladimir putin, it's already 20, and counting. nadyezhda is a putin fan. when eight houses in her village

burnt down, she went on tv and begged the president for help. the very next day, mr putin sent in the builders, and — abracadabra — new homes, courtesy of the kremlin. da. nadyezhda even got to meet russia's leader and shake his hand. translation: people in the village told me, don't wash your hand for a year. some of them asked me to shake their hands with the hand the president shook. under putin, russia has risen from her knees. let him stay in power. give him another 20 years. this is exactly how vladimir putin wants his people to see him — as the solution to their problems, not as the cause of them. and because the kremlin controls the media here, and the whole political system, for the last 20 years it has been

able to push this message quite successfully. over the last two decades, vladimir putin has honed the image of modern—day tsar, all—powerful, irreplaceable. but not everyone in russia believes that is a good thing. someone who's been in powerfor that long cannot avoid beginning to think that he is very special, that he is more intelligent than anyone else, that he knows it all. gradually, you succumb to this aura of being the only and the one great, and so on, and that's very dangerous for a country. boris yeltsin didn't succumb. 20 years ago, he stepped down early to hand over to putin. valentin yumashev played a key role in that decision.

as boris yeltsin‘s chief of staff, he had hired putin to be his deputy, and later recommended him to yeltsin as a possible future president. so what does he think? will putin leave office when constitutionally obliged to, infouryears‘ time? translation: if we asked putin now about 2024, he'd say 100% that he will step down. but that's four years away. the situation will be different. we don't know what vladimir putin will do then. what we do know is that although russian winters are long, they do end eventually, and so eventually will the putin era. but what comes next, what kind of leader, it's too soon to predict. steve rosenberg, bbc news, siberia.

the bat used by baseball legend babe ruth to hit his 500th home run has sold forjust over $1 million at auction in california.babe ruth hit the landmark home run in 1929. the bat has been hidden in the cupboard of a family friend for decades. babe ruth items dominate the list of the most expensive sports memorabilia ever sold. the jersey he wore during his first ever game for the new york yankees in 1920 tops the list — it was sold for more than $4 million in 2012. kate and william — the duke and duchess of cambridge — will be showing off their culinary skills for a festive bbc show with someone who might outrank them as a national institution — the cook mary berry. the special programme will see the royal couple combine cooking with a tour of the good causes they are supporting this christmas. our royal correspondent daniela relph has had a preview. baking royalty meets real loyalty. but it was the duchess of cambridge who was a super fan here. she even confessed one of prince louis‘s first words was "mary", due to the number of mary berry cookbooks around the royal kitchen. so do you do a bit of cooking with your children? yes, i really enjoy it.

again, for them to be creative, for them to try and be as independent as possible with it. actually, one of the last things we cooked together was your pizza dough. we made pizzas. did you? with your pizza dough recipe, and... did it work? it did work. they loved it, absolutely loved it. the programme explores the royals‘ charity projects. william took mary berry to the passage homeless charity, a place he first visited with his mother around 30 years ago. he said princess diana brought her sons here to show them life beyond palace walls, something he is now trying to do with his own children. do you talk to your children about your thoughts and your views, and show them? will you bring them along here when they're a bit bigger? absolutely, and on the school run — i know it sounds a little bit contrived — but on the school run already, bearing in mind they're six and four, whenever we see anyone sleeping rough on the streets,

i talk about it, and i point it out, and i explain why. and they're all very interested, they're like, "why is that person...? why can't they go home?" on your marks, get set, go. there was of course a royal bake off, with william drafting in expert help while his wife revealed his cooking skills. he's very good at breakfast. university days, he used to cook all sorts of meals. i think that's when he was trying to impress me, mary. it is a christmas behind—the—scenes peek at their work and home life of this future king and queen. daniela relph, bbc news. staying on the baking theme have a look at these award—winning festive treats. these are some of the entrants in the 29th annual swedish baking competition which was held in stockholm. among the entrants, an edible model of the teenage climate campaigner greta thunberg. and a bite—size replica of the notre dame cathedral, complete with fire in paris. and and some penguins on a melting iceberg. the winning design was a caravan, complete

with its own pond and tree. all good enough to eat. after some heavy overnight showers and plunging temperatures as well, we go into the new week on a bit of a wintry note for some of you. but gradually through this week, we are set to see temperatures rise a bit more widely across the uk, but the pay—off, during the second half of the week, is wetter and windier weather is set to return once again. but let's kick off with what's happening on monday morning. a chilly start, as i said, some showers through the night, that left a covering of snow. and anywhere from wales, the midlands, northwards, temperatures will be low enough for some slippery conditions on roads and pavements, particularly northern england and central and southern scotland, where there could still be some wintry showers, giving a coating of snow over the hills. through the day, western scotland, northern ireland,

the showers become more frequent than saw during sunday, with stronger winds. further south, well, a few showers around. one or two will continue towards the south—east, and some eastern coasts and hill through the day. a drier afternoon, bright afternoon, and less windy one. temperatures will be the same as we've seen through the weekend, around 4—10 degrees. the second the sun sets, they plummet away. another chilly night. a few things continuing, though, through monday night. showers in western scotland, northern ireland, giving further covering of snow across the grampians and the highlands, something cloudier and wetter spreading in through the channel islands, towards east anglia the south—east, keeping temperatures up here. away from that, a risk of frost, some ice and a greater chance of some fog patches into the tuesday morning rush hour. so, a few things for tuesday to consider. cloud and outbreaks of rain in that south—east corner could continue all day long, eventually easing. there'll be fog to begin with elsewhere. that will gradually clear. a few showers dotted around in the north and the west, more especially towards shetland. many, though, having a drier day, but quite a chilly one. after that cold start, temperatures only around 4—8 degrees during the afternoon. and a cold night will follow with widespread frost and the return of some fog patches. this little bump here is a ridge of high pressure keeping things dry

to take us into the start of wednesday. if you avoid the fog patches on wednesday, then you've got a lovely bright, crisp, sunny start to the day with light winds. but through the day, the breeze will be picking up in the west. northern ireland, wales, south—west england will gradually turn windier and wetter. temperatures will be on the rise into double figures by the end of the day. but much of scotland, northern eastern england, a chilly day with some sunny spells. here we'll see the rain arrive as we go through wednesday night and with a big driving area of low pressure out towards the west of us, southerly winds will keep temperatures up. no frost to take us into thursday morning but we could see a spell of snow before that turns back to rain across the grampians and the highlands. some blizzard conditions for a time. that clears its way northwards. thursday then, a story of sunshine and heavy and thundery showers. quite a breezy day as it will be on friday with more rain for many of you. but as i said, temperatures will be on the up.

this is bbc news, the headlines: the longest un climate talks ever held have finished with a compromise deal on tackling climate change. delegates and environmental campaigners called it an utter failure, blaming some of the most polluting nations for holding back decisive action. discussions on several key issues were shelved until next year's climate talks in the uk. activists are continuing their protests in the indian capital delhi, accusing police of attacking students demonstrating against a controversial new law. it allows migrants escaping religious persecution in neighbouring countries to claim citizenship, but not if they're muslim. new zealand has held a minute's silence to mark the exact moment a week ago when a deadly volcanic eruption took place on white island. 18 people are known to have died in the explosion, including two whose bodies have not been recovered. 26 survivors remain in a critical condition.