this is bbc world news, the headlines... pope francis has delivered his christmas blessing to the world, calling for peace in the holy land as well as many other countries caught up in conflict. he also spoke of "walls of indifference" around the people fleeing hardship in hope of finding a better life. queen elizabeth has made her annual christmas broadcast. she acknowledged that 2019 has been "quite bumpy" and spoke of the value of reconciliation. typhoon phanfone has caused major floods and destruction in the philippines. more than 25,000 people have been stranded at ports, many of them unable to join their families for christmas. and a post—christmas heatwave is forecast in australia,

as the country's bushfire crisis continues, forcing hundreds of families to spend the holidays in emergency shelters. a bakery in cheshire is claiming to be the first in the country to make bread out of insects. each of the loaves at roberts bakery contains more than 300 crickets mixed into the flour. in a recent report the un claimed eating insects can help boost nutrition and reduce pollution. peter marshall reports. they're still making the usual bread at roberts bakery. but there is a new batch in production where the key ingredient is this. crickets. the bakery claims to be the first in the uk to make insect bread, the crunchy cricket loaf. we really want consumers to think about their food and where it comes from. and also about the impact that food is having on the environment and the world.

this is our little way of saying to consumers, take the challenge. try one of our loaves and see if you like cricket bread. it's not as unusual as you might think. the un estimates last year around the globe at least 2 billion people ate insects. they're a good source of protein. producing them is less environmentally damaging than producing meat. when we grow crickets, we need a very small land area but more importantly, crickets emit very little greenhouse gas. we know there has been a lot of discussion lately about animals and the impact they have on their greenhouse gas emissions. so that is the big sustainable credibility around crickets. i don't know who did the counting, but they reckon there are 336 crickets in each loaf. although it is called crunchy cricket bread, it shouldn't be crunchy cos they're ground down and mixed with wheat flour. however, can we convince the good people of northwich to give it a go? it's all right, though.

it tastes a bit dry. it tastes disappointingly normal. itjust tastes like nice brown bread. give it a go. they reckon there are 336 crickets in each loaf. that's nice. it tastes nutty. you're disgusting! you can't taste the crickets. if i can, they taste good. the first batch is only 100 loaves. they'll await public reaction before deciding if crunchy cricket bread has a serious feature. has a serious future. now on bbc news, one of the highlights of the year from our international documentary programme our world. how a small place in northern finland managed to become europe's most eco—friendly town.

as the push to save the planet gets even more urgent, one town has already cut its carbon emissions by 80%. we have been not waiting for the world to tackle climate change. we want to do it ourselves. ii, in northern finland, is one of the greenest towns in europe. powered by 100% renewable energy. the town's children already play a role in energy—saving ways of living. people still hunt and fish as part of their everyday lives. we have a trap there. we hope they are big pikes, but we will see. but could there be a cost to being europe's greenest town?

this is one of europe's most eco—friendly places. this small town of 10,000 people in northern finland has cut c02 emissions by 80%. elsewhere in europe, the average rate of reduction is less than 20%. leena vuotovesi is leading the green revolution in ii. this is the city with all these fresh ideas for how to really tackle climate change. by 2025, ii wants to be the first town in the world to produce zero waste. a goal embraced by all generations. we are heading to the centre of ii.

it's houses from 18th century. the changes started seven years ago. ii stopped burning fossil fuels and began to build wind farms. they've switched to renewable energy only. wind, hydro, solar, and geothermal. we understood in ii, seven years ago, that climate change is not coming, climate change is here. and we cannot expect the rest of the world to do anything for our sake. we need to try to do our best, and take this into our own hands. they believe the key is early education. this ii primary school has 100 children aged 7—12 years old. in all schools across town, older kids mentor younger kids

about climate change. so, in our school, we do something very similar. 15—year—old kia is one of the mentors. i have come encourage help help to younger children to do the better choices and help the environment. they are doing so well already. it's sofia and 0tto‘s job to check if the classrooms have the right temperature and lighting levels.

there is going on a big climate crisis. and we have to work together to stop climate change and help the environment together. many of you may think, what can one human do? well, actually, the small, better choices that we make to switch off the lights, that's probably the easiest thing you can do. when you combine them all together, it really makes a big change. all schools in ii get back 50% of the money they have saved on utility bills. the other 50% goes back to the local authority.

these certificates are from the 50/50 project. we have saved lots of money and students can themselves decide the way they use this money. for example, those flats you saw before have been bought with this money. ii has got only two supermarkets. people make a big effort to eat locally—produced food. hunting and fishing is an important part of everyday life. this man is a retired engineer. rabbit. he is heading to a river near ii where finland's biggest pike was caught. we hunt moose and we catch fish, and we get also berries

in the summer but we are going to take some fish from the lake. we have a trap there and we hope there are big pikes, but we will see. 0nly little fish! maybe 30, a0. but maybe we put it back. fishing is a matter of luck. we have no luck today. laughs. next to the kovjoki river is one of europe's biggest peatlands. here, people have been burning peat for centuries to generate electricity.

but peat can store twice as much carbon as forests, so now they are being restored to fight climate change. juha is the landowner. he used to be the chairman of the local electricity company. i do this because i want this peatland to be as it used to be. this is, of course, very little thing in the global scale, but this is something concrete. i like concrete things. juha believes we need everyone in the world to fight climate change. it is an investment for the future of our planet, in a very small scale. it's not in that way that i do it only to make myself feel good, but i know that if i can contribute to this, maybe other people want to do the same thing.

ii has made headlines around the world for fighting climate change, and others want to follow in their footsteps. leena has been invited to speak at a conference attended by more than 200 politicians, scientists, and youth leaders. i am going to tell about possibilities at the local level. so what can cities, municipalities, towns do to tackle climate change? the european union now with the new commission, one of the new targets to open this green financing, so why not start here with the forest and peatlands and make it... ..the perfect project for climate sinks, it's a perfect project for climate bonds... yes, yes! so we shall develop something to get out of that. it would be great.

please welcome leena, in the municipality of ii, a place also known as the climate hero of europe. applause. so far we have received investment from outside of ii of 190 million euros, solely and purely for the climate change actions. only the wind energy sector is producing in ii taxation of about 1.5 million euros every year for the city budget. we have created at least 80 jobs that we would not have without the climate change actions that we do. there are delegates from all over the world here. i'm from the british embassy. 0h, wonderful to meet you. i was transfixed with ii. there are 5.5 million people live in finland. people living in finland. they're responsible for 0.1%

of the world's co2 emissions. like, what we can do and how we can share that and whether... leena is still convinced their efforts to cut greenhouse gases will make a global impact. it is so very easy for us to say that it does not matter what we do, it depends on what china does or what the us does. it is — there is no—one else. it is us. yes, we are in an emergency situation. yes, we need to do a lot. but i am very optimistic. i am a mother of two children and whatever i do, i am sure they will do better. ii used to rely on oil, wood and hydroelectric power. now, wind turbines cover 30% of the town's energy needs. hydro power accounts for the other two—thirds. and the investment in renewable energy has paid off. ii produces ten times more clean energy than it consumes.

it sells the surplus energy to the grid and generates 2 million euros in revenues for the town. and there are more financial benefits. ii has a strong sense of community and tackling climate change seems to bring people together. hello! the town hopes to reach its goal of zero waste in five years' time. at this meeting tonight in the northern part of ii, they're discussing

how to help do this. warm welcome to our home. laughter. 0ur climate week — climate friendly week. yes. so the village has this new plan, a weekly plan. so, on monday, you exercise. 0n tuesdays, you only eat veggies, yeah? yes. 0n wednesdays... speaks finnish you collect. you circle what you have and you collect. yes. speaks finnish thursdays, you go to the marketplaces and you exchange what you have, like a shared economy idea. and on fridays? speaks finnish you don't buy anything. yes, the weekend? laughter. residents seem to be eager to sign up to anita's plan for environmentally friendly living. but the mood changes when they start discussing the second item on tonight's agenda.

argh! a proposal to build a new wind farm in the forest right next to the village. people are worried that they'll be losing their bond with nature, but there are other issues too. the power from those wind turbines is going to the people who live in south finland. it's not going to stay in our area. so we think it should — they should produce it there, closer to people who actually are going to use it. so it's like they are going to get all of the benefits and we are going to get everything that's not so good. it's not fair. it's like we pay the price

and they look good, having the green energy. the proposed new wind farm will generate enough electricity for 55,000 homes, but the sheer size of the project is causing concern. anita is setting off in the snow to meet ari, the town's mayor, to explain why her community is so worried. we won't be winner. we won't be loser. we want only compromise. they want to build 63 windmill. oh, what a trip! but ari, nice to see you!

two—thirds of the energy ii needs is provided by hydroelectric power stations. but it has a drawback in a town traditionally built on fishing. so this is the fish farm here in ii.

there is a lot of small fishes, salmon, trout. a little bit more than 1 million fish are here. salmon are migratory and make their way up the river to breed. but the dam walls and turbines brought a stop to this. in an effort to bolster the number, the hydro power station is funding a breeding programme to compensate for the falling fish stocks. to measure the effectiveness of the breeding programme, workers mark the fish by removing their top fin before releasing them into the river. of course, green or clean energy is very good, but there's also a negative impact. so without this type of actions, there will be no fish anymore. ii has seen a 50% drop in energy use in the last ten years and waste has

been cut by 25%. mum always says that ten minutes is enough. kiia, the 15—year—old climate leader, is using leftoverfood to make pancakes with herfriends. i quite oftenjust look at the fridge and do a meal or some dessert out of leftovers, like, for example, pancakes or pizza. it's important to not always buy new food. of course, it saves energy and also, the packing materials like plastic. we stopped using plastic straws. we have bamboo straws now. we recycle everything. we're pretty strict. it's not bubbling hard enough yet. is there enough flour in this? because i think it's... the girls are concerned about climate change but they're hopeful they can have an impact. i'm not mad, i'm just worried

about and kinda frustrated about the stage of this planet. if we, like, work together and, like, believe that it's really happening, yeah, i think we can stop it. if we just get these big leaders to believe in it, i think everything's pretty much possible. i think it's important to eat food that's, like, grown locally and not, like, shipped from other countries, like avocados or bananas. even in the winter, i go to school by bike. it takes time to get there more than in the autumn or spring because, you know, there's a lot of snow, but i can deal with it. over the last few years, ii has become a green champion. it's only happened because of the collective effort

of the community. and tackling climate change brings people together. we are ready! yes! there we go! yes. it's so good to see you! every week, we are just gathering together and jumping in the frozen river. it's something that we do together. this is my team, who works for the climate change mitigation. we do it every thursday, go together, jump in the freezing river, and then we feel so good. we feel like a newborn baby when we've done that, yeah. it feels so good because it makes you feel alive. nothing else makes you feel this good! you are a part of nature.

you are...you have all the power in the world. and you do it together — that's the thing. for us finns, it is very important to be in the nature. we do find our peace, our soul, in the forest. the most beautiful thing, though, is the collaboration with the schools. so the children learn that it is possible to make actions for the better of environment and climate, and it is also profitable at the same time. we have been able to cut

co2 emissions so much, and i do hope that everybody in the world would find the same will and want to do it, because it is possible. good evening. after all the rain we have been having lately, today's weather felt like something of a christmas miracle. it was dry for pretty much all of us, many of us got to see sunshine. that was how it looked on the lincolnshire coast earlier on. but things are changing. behind me, this lump of cloud is boxing day's weather and we will see some rain returning

from the west. before that happens, fog still potentially causing problems in the central, eastern and northern parts of england, southern scotland as well. certainly through the evening hours it could be quite dense. but it will lift after midnight because we will have more cloud rolling in from the west and that brings some outbreaks of rain into northern ireland, west wales, south—west england and the winds picking up here as well. but turning milder by the end of the night, 7 degrees in belfast, for example. further north in scotland, there will still be a touch of frost for some but for many the big weather story on boxing day is this frontal system working its way eastwards, bringing rain at times. but not all the time. this band of rain pushing out of northern ireland quite early in the morning, moving out of wales as well, pushing eastwards across england into southern scotland. a bit of snow might mix in over the very highest hills of scotland and the highest hills of the pennines but even if it does, it will not last long. behind it, sunshine and showers, some persistent rain getting back into the south—west later in the day where it will be very mild but further north, another rather cool feeling day,

5 degrees in glasgow and in newcastle. a fairly windy day as well, particularly in the south—west corner where we could see gusts of up to a0 mph or more for a time. through boxing day evening, we will see these outbreaks of rain drifting from the south—west to gradually move north—eastwards in association with this, a warm front which will bring rain with it but it will also bring some warm or at least milder air which will start to waft its way up from the south—west. as we go into friday, there will be a very different feel to the weather and it will feel very mild indeed. some outbreaks of rain still to clear from eastern england, northern and eastern scotland. then we get to see some spells of sunshine, a lot of dry weather developing. this little frontal system bringing some patchy rain into western scotland and perhaps the north—west of northern ireland but look at the temperatures. 10—13 — pretty high for this point in december. as we go into saturday and sunday, it stays very mild, a lot of dry weather around but some patchy rain in the far north and west.

this is bbc news. i'm annita mcveigh. the headlines at ten. it's the queen has delivered her annual christmas message, highlighting the need for reconciliation in what's being seen as a nod to the divisions caused by brexit. by being willing to put past differences behind us and move forward together, we honour the freedom and democracy once won for us at so great a cost. earlier, the queen led members of the royal family at their traditional christmas day service, including prince george and princess charlotte for the first time, but prince andrew attended a private service. the spanish resort where a british man and his two children were found dead in a swimming pool say there were "no concerns relating to the pool or procedures in place".

at the vatican, pope francis says "god loves everyone,