today at 5pm: a warning on climate change that the world is at a moment of crisis. sir david attenborough says the international community has to start making life—or—death decisions. we have been putting things off year after year. we've been raising targets and saying, "oh well, if we do it within the next 20 years or if we do it...". the moment of crisis has come. we'll hear more from sir david attenborough and talk to the director for the centre for climate change. the other main stories on bbc news at 5pm... prince harry makes his first public appearance since announcing that he and meghan will be stepping back from front line royal duties. the process of starting a senate trial of donald trump is getting under way, with the articles of impeachment

being formerly submitted. after the shooting down of a passenger plane by iran, foreign ministers from five countries meet in london to demand compensation for victims‘ families. the nhs condemns what it calls shameful tactics by betting companies to fuel gambling addiction. and coming up: how one tweet on a quiet day made a hampshire book shop go viral. it's 5pm. our main story is that the naturalist and broadcaster sir david attenborough has told the bbc that "the moment of crisis has come" on climate change. he says governments can no longer put off urgent action to reduce global warming —

life—or—death decisions, as he calls them. sir david says the current wildfires in australia are clear evidence of the consequences of rising temperatures. he's been speaking to our science editor, david shukman. the fires in australia are ferocious, out—of—control, and far worse than usual. they've made headlines around the world, and scientists have warned that climate change has made them more severe. now sir david attenborough agrees with them. as i speak, south—east australia is on fire. why? because the temperatures of the earth are increasing. that is a major national, international catastrophe. and to say, "oh, it's nothing to do with the climate," is palpably nonsense. and because the most recent talks on climate change in madrid last month ended with little agreement, sir david says that key decisions

can no longer be delayed. we have been putting things off year after year, we've been raising targets and saying, "oh, well, if we do it within the next 20 years, or if we do it..." the moment of crisis has come. this is notjust having nice little debates and arguments and coming away with a compromise. this is an urgent problem that has to be solved, and what's more, we know how to do it — that's the paradoxical thing, that we're refusing to take steps that we know have to be taken. and every year that passes makes those steps more and more difficult to achieve. from your observations and travels, what's your sense about whether people understand the importance to their own lives of the functioning of the natural world? the natural world is not just an inanimate object from which you can plunder riches and plunderfood, which is whatever you require.

we actually depend upon the natural world for every breath of air we take and every mouthful of food that we eat. that may sound extreme, but if you have the basic understanding of the way that the world works, that the natural world works, you know that we breathe oxygen, and that oxygen isn't renewed automatically — it comes from plants. and if you wreck the oceans, and if you knock down the forests, you reduce the amount of oxygen that there is in the atmosphere for us to breathe. as new research says the melting of the ice sheet is accelerating and extremes of weather are set to become more severe, sir david hopes the world will now respond. david shukman, bbc news. well sir david attenborough was talking there about the devastating wildfires currently sweeping through parts of australia. there trees are being deliberately destroyed in some areas in a bid to save entire forests

from the oncoming flames. clive myrie reports from new south wales. the fires eating this land, burn from the mountains to the sea. in between eucalyptus and pine. it is ha rd to between eucalyptus and pine. it is hard to save the forest and to save australia. man is having a terrible time trying to stop what mother nature is doing to us. but this would deftly be the worst fire season would deftly be the worst fire season i've ever seen, and most of my colleagues would have ever seen. you see how the wind really influences what the fire is doing. this man is charged with protecting 2.5 million acres of forest in new south wales. several villages and towns just a few miles away, right in the path of oncoming flames

secular it wouldn't be that active if it wasn't so windy. z‘s team has already cleared some scrub, taking away fuel for the fire. but fuel is creeping through, like water under a door. how long before the main fire front appears? it has been a long bushfire season for zeb and his crew. we can't see anything. smoke blocked out the light from the sun. and frightening days when people died. but time is running out to stop the latest blaze spreading. more of the forest needs to be cleared to create a big enough fire break. it's a real shame to have to do this, but these fires this season are not behaving normally. and if we don't start putting these breaks into stop it, more fires will burn.

nearby, back burning. zeb's team deliberately ignites part of the forest, destroying fuel for the ongoing monster. this fire was lit just a couple minutes ago, and you can see how it has just taken hold, blown by these really strong winds. and these are the conditions at the authorities have been having to deal with during this appalling bushfire season. with during this appalling bushfire season. night and day, fires are being deliberately lit by emergency ci’ews. being deliberately lit by emergency crews. this, the neighbouring state of victoria. but are the latest attem pts of victoria. but are the latest atte m pts to of victoria. but are the latest attempts to hold back the fire front working? that's about the last of them, yeah? it's all lit up now? good job, mate. well done, that's got that contain, anyway. zeb and his team have won this battle. but is australia winning the war? we are

steering them at times, but more wind is taking off small pieces. we're not winning but were losing, either. clive myrie, bbc news, in southeast australia. lorraine whitmarsh is a professor of environmental psychology at the university of cardiff, where she's director of the uk centre for climate change and social transformations. shejoins me now from our exeter studio. thank you very much indeed for being with us. we heard there from sir david attenborough say that governments of the world need to make some life or death decisions. but what about everybody else? what about changing our behaviour in general when it comes to climate change? how difficult is that proving, do you think was yellow... it is clear that public concern has reached an all—time high around climate change. people are much more aware and concerned, and i think

there is a growing willingness to act, but i don't think that always tra nslates act, but i don't think that always translates into actual lifestyle change because there are lots of reasons why it is quite difficult to lead a low carbon lifestyle. it can be more expensive, more inconvenient, and sometimes itjust seems a bit unusual. there's not a social norm around some of these changes we need to make, so it doesn't always translate into a behaviour change. and is that partly because people think it is just me, it's a huge planet with billions of people, it doesn't really make that much difference if i stop, for example, flying on a plane to go to holiday? i think that is deftly a pa rt holiday? i think that is deftly a part of it, people don't necessarily feel that the changes that they make can makea feel that the changes that they make can make a difference by themselves. and obviously to some extent, that's true. we do need a collective effort here, people need to be significantly changing their behaviour, which is why we really

need government action, industry action. we need a whole shift in the way that society is organised to enable us to actually change our lifestyle. do we need to be forced to act, in other words? we won't just do it of our own free will, but if we are told we can't do this or that, in a way that is something that, in a way that is something that we would support, because we know in the end it is good for the planet? i think there is a large element of that. it is clear that it doesn't work just to ask people element of that. it is clear that it doesn't workjust to ask people to change their behaviour. obviously there are some people willing to make significant efforts to reduce their carbon footprint, but we can't rely on that small minority of people to make that change. we actually need to make it really easy and convenient, and attractive for the vast majority of people to change their lifestyle, so that it isn't about sacrifice, but about the default way of doing things. so we do need to actually be creating those broader structures that enable people to do that. i suppose it is

governments and individuals, but also companies? we are just hearing microsoft, one of the biggest, richest companies in the world, saying they will remove all the carbon that they have admitted since 1975 by 2050. so i suppose that kind of step is welcome? i think that's right. it's clear there is no one group within society that can do this by themselves, so it is not just up to individuals or governments, it is notjust industry, but all those groups together that need to change. and actually there are definitely, for many businesses, business opportunities related to a low carbon economy. many businesses recognise that and are potentially addressing climate change, it doesn't need to be incompatible with economic, successful business opportunities. i think lots of business is already taking big steps, and that is very welcome. psychologically is it about some areas of society setting of the

equipment you live in bristol where there have been quite dramatic restrictions on car use? that's right. i think that there are lots of local cities and regions which are taking quite a lot of significant steps to tackle climate change. where i work in cardiff, they announced a green transport policy which is really ambitious and i think will make significant cuts in emissions. bristol and other cities are also making changes. so we are definitely seeing change happened, and we need to kind of really upscale the pace and with that change is happening. so they are that change is happening. so they a re really that change is happening. so they are really encouraging signs, and we need to support that. thank you so much for being with us, very good to get your thoughts. professor of environmental psychology at the university of cardiff.

the beginning of those proceedings in the senate on the impeachment charges that donald trump is facing, the accusation that he abused his powers and obstructed a congressional inquiry, his effort to pressure ukraine to investigate his rival, joe biden. this is adam schiff of the democrats. and of course, the democrats have submitted those articles of impeachment. let's listen to adam schiff. letter a, the release of $391 million of united states taxpayer funds that congress had appropriated on a bipartisan basis for the purpose of providing vital military and security assistance to ukraine to oppose russian aggression, in which donald trump had ordered suspended. and b,

of state meeting at the white house, which the president of ukraine sought to demonstrate continued united states support to ukraine in the face of russian aggression. number three, faced with the public revelation of his actions, donald trump ultimately released to the military and security assistance to the government of ukraine, but has persisted and openly and corruptly urging and soliciting ukraine to undertake investigations for his personal political benefit. these actions were consistent with donald trump's previous invitations of foreign interference in the united states elections. in all of this, mr trump abused the powers of the presidency by ignoring and injuring national security and other vital national security and other vital national interests to obtain an improper personal political benefit. he has also betrayed the nation by

abusing his high office to enlist a foreign power in corrupting democratic elections. wherefore mr trump, by such conduct, has demonstrated that he will remain a threat to national security and the constitution if allowed it to remain in office. and has acted in a manner grossly incompatible with self—governance and the rule of law. mrtrump self—governance and the rule of law. mr trump warned impeachment and trial, removalfrom office, and this qualification to hold and enjoy any office of honour, trust, or profit under the united states. article two, obstruction ofjustice. the constitution provides that the house of representatives should have the sole power of impeachment, and that the president shall be removed from office in impeachment for and conviction of treason, bribery or

other high crimes and misdemeanors. in his conduct of the office of president of the united states and in violation of his constitutional oath faithfully to execute the office of president of the united states, and to the best of his ability preserve and defend the constitution of the united states, and in violation of his constitutional duty to take care of that the laws be faithfully executed, donaldj that the laws be faithfully executed, donald] trump has directed the unprecedented categorical and indiscriminate defiance of subpoenas issued by the house of representatives pursuant to its full power of impeachment. mr trump has abused the power of the presidency in a manner offensive to and subversive of the constitution, in that the house of representatives has engaged in an impeachment inquiry focus on mr trump is my corrupt solicitation of the government of the ukraine to enter democrat interfere in the 20/20

unites a selection. the committees undertaking the investigation serve subpoenas seeking documents and testimony deemed vital to the inquiry from various branch agencies and offices, and current and former officials —— 2020. without lawful cause 01’ excuse, officials —— 2020. without lawful cause oi’ excuse, mi’ officials —— 2020. without lawful cause or excuse, mr trump directed executive branch agencies, offices, and officials knocked to comply with those subpoenas. —— not to comply. mrtrump those subpoenas. —— not to comply. mr trump thus imposed the power of the presidency against the lawful subpoenas of the house of representatives, and assume it to himself functions and judgements necessary to exercise the sole power of impeachment, invested by the constitution in the house of representatives. mrtrump mr trump abused his powers. number one, directing the white house to d efy one, directing the white house to defy a lawful subpoena by

withholding the production of documents sought therein by the committees. number two, directing other executive branch agencies and offices to defy lawful subpoenas and the withholding of documents and records from the committees in response to which the department of state, the office of management and budget, department of energy, and department of defence refused to produce a single document or record. directing current and former — number three, directing former and current branch officials not to co—operate with the committees, in response to which nine officials defied subpoenas for testimony, namelyjohn michael mick mulvaney, robert b blair, john a eisenberg, michael ellis, preston wells griffith, russell t vaught, michael ellis, preston wells griffith, russelltvaught, michael duffy, brian mccormick, and t ulrich

breakable. these... to undermine the united states government investigations into foreign interference in united states elections. that is adam schiff, the democratic congressman for california, and he is one of the managers or prosecutors, effectively, who are setting out the case against donald trump in the senate, where he is facing trial over those abusing power, obstructing congress, and you were hearing their adam schiff saying that donald trump is a threat to national security and to the constitution. we will be talking to our washington correspondent in just a few minutes, with his analysis of what's happening there in the senate right now.

foreign ministers from five countries which had citizens on board the passenger plane shot down over iran have called for a thorough, independent and transparent investigation. iran has said the plane was brought down last week by a missile fired in error. at a news conference following the meeting in london today, the canadian foreign minister called for a full investigation. in the wake of such a horrific tragedy, there are many, many questions. families want answers. all of the countries assembled here today want answers, and the international community wants answers. the world is waiting for those answers, and we will not rest until we get them. our diplomatic correspondent, james landale, is outside canada house in central london. the minister they are saying the world wants answers, the families wa nt a nswers. world wants answers, the families

want answers. the question is, will iran give them the answers? we ask that of the minister afterwards, asking what evidence have you got that iran will comply with these demands for transparency access, dignity for the bodies being repatriated, and things like that? and essentially he said that iran has taken a step down a path by admitting responsibility for the downing of this aircraft. he said it should carry on down that path. the problem he and the other foreign ministers have got today is that iran is in a degree of spasm in response to this tragedy. various different organisations of state within iran are looking nervously at each other, trying to work out who will get the blame for this. a lot of people are saying a lot of things. and this process of trying to help the families and loved ones

of the deceased... we also have the continuing dispute over the iran nuclear deal, and the slow process of unraveling that will make this process eve n of unraveling that will make this process even more competent. so what they're trying to do today is say we in the international community, who had internationals who died on this flight, had internationals who died on this flight, are united, and this is a united position to make it clear to the iranians that this is what they wa nt the iranians that this is what they want and they hope to get it. james, thank you very much for that. our diplomatic correspondent. the national health service says betting companies are "shameful" in the way they target problem gamblers. clare murdoch, head of mental health services in england, says the nhs cannot to be expected to pick up the pieces. she's calling on the betting industry to end aggressive tactics which lock gamblers into a cycle of addiction. here's our health editor, hugh pym. the gambling industry is coming under increasing scrutiny. addiction and mental health problems are creating concern

among health leaders. online gambling's links with major sporting bodies are a particular focus of attention. that's the background to the latest strongly worded letterfrom nhs england to gambling companies, which calls for more action including restrictions on incentives such as tickets and vip treatment. this industry, which by the way invests more than £1.11 billion a year in advertising alone and which helps it generate its £14 billion profits, invests amongst other things in aggressive advertising, the use of social media. when you have got problem gamblers who try to stop gambling, it becomes really difficult for them to get away from it. one reformed gambler told us he started young on fruit machines and then was drawn into online gambling, including on his phone. his betting habits swallowed up 60% of his income, and he missed out on family holidays with his daughter. i think it's important that we have

got this message from the nhs because this sort of gambling is inherently linked to mental illnesses, and a lot of people have extreme mental illnesses, far more extreme than i have suffered. the betting and gaming council, representing the industry, said in response to the letter... charities helping problem gamblers say the issue needs action from a range of parties, including government. gambling disorder is a behavioural addiction recognised by the world health organisation, and it is incumbent upon us all to work together to make sure shine a spotlight on that hidden addiction. a ban on online betting with credit cards has been announced, but the nhs, which has to fund more addiction treatment, says a stronger response from the industry is urgently required. hugh pym, bbc news.

let's speak now to chris murphy, a recovering gambling addict, who estimates that over the years, he has lost £100,000 to gambling addiction. he's in our leeds studio. thank you so much for talking to us. just tell us about your experience and whether you believe the betting companies sort of added to your addiction, preyed on it, if you like a?| addiction, preyed on it, if you like a? i got addicted in the old—fashioned way, going to the betting shops in pubs in my teenage yea rs, betting shops in pubs in my teenage years, but certainly later on when i relapsed, that's the times when i've been trying to put this addiction to bed and stay gambling free, there have been practices that have helped me and perhaps lured me back into the addiction when something a bit safer in place might have spared me more damage. so in a sense, the industry, even though it knows there are problem gamblers out there, huge numbers of problem gamblers, almost

uses them to make more money, is that what you're saying? uses them to make more money, is that what you're saying ?|j uses them to make more money, is that what you're saying? i would say there are some in the industry that may be guilty of that, i'm sure there are things in place from certain companies that are there to try and help, but it has been a self regulated industry for a long time. i think we can see with all the news coming out recently about self—regulation, he has not worked. as we were just hearing there, the nhs say the behaviour of some of these painting companies has been shameful with the incentives it is offering to people who are potentially gambling addicts or at least problem gamblers dashed betting companies? in some instances i think that has been the case. there were times when i was gambling, i managed to gamble on sites which i had been self excluded from, just exchanging small bars of information like my full instrument democrat for a name in the registry. i'm told those kinds of practices are thing of the past, but things are thing of the past, but things are coming out which suggest

otherwise. however i would say i would like the opportunity for the up would like the opportunity for the up de bie her conversation about gambling addiction to notjust be about the practices of companies. i can't recall having any education in school about gambling and the harms that could cause. and of course government and society as a whole pays april de bie her collective response ability for the attitude towards gambling. there has been a ban on credit card gambling, do you think that society, the government, and the industry are moving towards and the industry are moving towards a better place? slowly, yes, i think thatis a better place? slowly, yes, i think that is a very good step in terms of production. it might have stopped me creating a kind of new theatre of debt, i would creating a kind of new theatre of debt, iwould not creating a kind of new theatre of debt, i would not have been able to get a debt, i would not have been able to geta camp debt, i would not have been able to get a camp de bie her credit card to gamble on. i think it is a small step in the right direction,, many small steps contribute to a big one. give us an idea of how it destroys lives? it is an addiction, in your

view, like drug and alcohol could delegate addiction? exactly, which is why think it should be treated as such, which is why we need to get our heads around the fact thatjust because it is not consuming a substance, it can still have very similar effects, particularly in terms of mental health. for me, it took me to the lowest possible place. i attempted suicide when i was 23 years old, i've been pretty close to that sense, but fortunately had things in place to make sure i didn't go down that road again. of course i'm one of the lucky ones, there have been many lost democrat lives lost to gambling addiction. so good to talk to, and good luck in your continuing recovery from gambling addiction. chris murphy there, a former gambling addict. thank you very much. prince harry has made his first public appearance since announcing that he and his wife meghan want to scale back their royal duties. the duke of sussex has been at buckingham palace hosting the draw for next year's

rugby league world cup. meghan is currently in canada with their son archie, as intensive talks continue with royal officials about the couple's future. helena wilkinson reports. prince harry looked relaxed as he returned to royal duty today. in the gardens of buckingham palace he spent time watching local schoolchildren play rugby and meeting them after. it is moments like this where his popularity as a leading royal is clear. it is where he shines, butjust how much more this will he be doing in the future? as part of today's engagement, prince harry went on to host the draw for the rugby league world cup. australia. competition takes place late next year in 17 cities across england. there will be a mental fitness charter running alongside it which prince harry has involved in. for many years, it has been at the forefront of promoting and supporting good mentalfitness. he also appeared in an invictus

games video last night. in 2022, the invictus games will travel to another country. this comes weeks after prince harry and his wife meghan said that they want to step back from their rivals. she is currently in canada with her son archie. on tuesday, she spent time at a charity in vancouver which campaigns for teenage girls living in poverty. she also visited the downtown eastside women's center. exactly what role the couple will have going forward is still very much unclear. talks are continuing to take place behind closed doors. on monday, after a family meeting, the queen asked for decisions on the sussexes‘ future to be made within days. at the moment, there are many unanswered questions as to how their new roles will work. will prince harry, for example, be able to continue with his role as patron of the rugby football league if the couple spend

a considerable time in canada? today was a traditional royal engagement for prince harry. it's probably the last time we'll see him doing this sort of thing in the uk for a while. he's expected to join his wife in canada in the not too distant future. helena wilkinson, bbc news. 0f of us will like this forecast. let's get through the next 24—48 hours. this low pressure is in charge of the weather, which means raining and it has been very windy today. the strongest winds become confined to the bin overnight. blowing this ran away, and then it is a case of showers falling behind. not that many overnight, so under clearing

skies, northern ireland will turn quite frosty, the glens of scotland close, most of us escape frost free. but it will be a chillier start tomorrow, it does look like a brighter day with more sunshine, list windy except to the far north. but it is colder air so those showers could be wintry, not exclusively on the north. later, hailand exclusively on the north. later, hail and thunder. a chillier day, but then it is all change as we head into the weekend, because low pressures a re into the weekend, because low pressures are pushed to the south and north, and an intense area of high pressure will give us notjust the weekend of dry weather, but actually 11—5 days. i can't member the last time we had that much dry weather across the uk.

this is bbc news. the headlines... we're out of time — and world leaders need to make life or death decisions on climate change now — a warning from sir david attenborough. we have been putting things off year after year. we've been raising targets and saying, "oh well, if we do it within the next 20 years or if we do it...". the moment of crisis has come. the process of starting a senate trial of president trump is under way — with the articles of impeachment being formerly submitted. after the shooting down of a passenger plane by iran, foreign ministers from five countries meet in london to demand justice for victims‘ families. prince harry makes his first public appearance since announcing that he and meghan will be stepping

back from front line royal duties. the nhs condemns what it calls shameful tactics by betting companies to fuel gambling addiction let's get all the latest sport now with sarah. starting ourfoot cricket. england had been betting against south africa. how have they done? they certainly have. —— batting against. it was slow going for england on day one of the third test against south africa. they closed on 224 for four in port elizabeth. our cricket correspondent jonathan agnew was watching. intriguing opening day msa. you're taking this position rather than south africa because if england can give the 350, and possibly even beyond on the second day they ship put them in a very strong position on the pitch, deteriorating quite surprisingly quickly. they have seen the boss man. they left a bowl

expending 32 overs on opening day. i was impressed at the two openers, they put on 70 together. the first time in england (vetted through to lunch on the opening day of a test match for 90 years. it beggars belief extraordinary. joe root in a way, he showed how difficult the pitches. very little pacing it. it will be challenging for england tomorrow, i need right now i love the way that all he played. they play some lovely shots. —— and a bright note. they got 350. i think we will see some withjoe dimly bowling and they will be happy with that position i think. the american 15—year—old — coco gauff — will take on venus williams once again, this time in the first round of the australian open. she stunned the tennis world by knocking the seven time grand slam champion out of the first round of wimbledon last year. the win transformed gauff‘s life, as she went on a run to the last 16. she could face her idol serena williams in the quarterfinals.... she might want to take down

the poster of serena that still hangs up in her room though. britain's johanna konta will play tunisia's ons jabeur. in the men's draw, british number one, dan evans meets american mackenzie mcdonald. evans could end up facing defending champion, novak djokovic in the third round. british number two, cameron norrie plays frenchman pierre—hugues herbert. while 2018 semi—finalist, kyle edmund has a tough opener against serbia's dusan lajovic. another draw has been held today, this time for the rugby league world cup which will be held in england next year. the duke of sussex conducted the draw at buckingham palace, alongside former england internationaljason robinson and britain's most decorated female olympian and current chair of uk sport dame katherine grainger. england have been drawn in group a. scotland are in group b alongside defending champions australia. ireland have been drawn alongside new zealand in group c,

while tonga are among the sides wales will face in group d. conor mcgregor is back and says he's even better than when he last fought in mixed martial arts — this ahead of his return to the ufc this weekend. mcgregor faces donald cerrone in his first fight in 15 months — that takes place in las vegas on saturday. i have turned over a new leaf. i feel i am still the same young man, but i definitely feel re—energised and refreshed. i'm feeling confident, a fully prepared, fully committed conor mcgregor. there is no one that can touch me. i made this game what it is. so i'm going to go out there and remind everyone and show the world on january the 18th. sean murphy is the first player through to the semi finals of the masters snooker at alexandra palace murphy beat joe perry six frames to three to reach the semi finals for the first time since he won the tournament in 2015. tonight, john higgins

faces ali cardiff — you can watch that on the bbc sport website and app from seven o'clock. and just before we go, some news that's reached us in the last half an hour or so. championship side derby county have been charged for a breach of spending rules and now face a possible points deduction. the charge relates to losses in the three years up tojune 2018. you can find more on that on the bbc sport website. we will be back with more at sportsday at 1:30 p:m.. the us senate has formally begun the impeachment a ban on children heading footballs could come into force injust a few weeks in scotland — because of fears of a link between head injuries and dementia. the scottish fa could announce the ban on under—12s heading the ball soon, after it highlighted a report that said former players are more at risk of dying from the disease. commentator: as usual, billy mcneill will be up for this. there's mcneill, it's a goal!

billy mcneill scoring for celtic in 1969. typically with a header. the club's former captain and manager died last year after suffering from dementia. this just months before a study revealed former players are three and a half times more likely to die of the disease. they have been discussing the issue here at the national stadium for months and although there is no firm evidence linking heading a ball to dementia, the scottish fa are taking no chances and children under the age of 12 will be banned from heading in training. we need to take some sensible, pragmatic steps at the moment and that is likely going to be to try and reduce that overall burden, the number of times that young players head, and heading in training is much more common than in matches. carl mcculloch does one—to—one youth coaching. he has also coached in the us where a ban on children

heading the ball has been in place since 2015. they see players like ronaldo on tv scoring wonderful goals with his head. that may be the problem here, is how we try and uncoach them. there has been some serious situations where players have lost their lives, ex—legends and players have gone on to get dementia and things like this. i am glad the sfa are leading the rest of football and doing something like this because it very important. let's speak now to gordon smith, former chief executive of the scottish football association and professional football player. thank you very much for being with us. you played under billick mcneil who we saw in that report. do you think there was a link between him heading the ball so often in his career in the dementia that he suffered from? i did think of that

one when i found out he was suffering very badly because i remember him telling me when i was a player when he was a celtic he said heading with the strength and use to practice every day by getting the goalkeeper to kick the ball down the field and he said he would kick in head at her head as he can. imagine the ball hitting him. in those days, the ball hitting him. in those days, the balls were different as well. they were heavier than now. a link to two things but certainly heading the ball seem to be a problem. not everybody gets it. i made this point before. there years ago, i put for the fact that we should be doing this i knew what was happening in america. i believe this to stop it for the kids. we don't want the little kids hitting the ball when they are maturing. their heads are developing in their brains are developing. that is why they stopped him heading the ball under the age of 12. after that, it can still cause problems but i made the point that if you look at lung cancer for example, smoking causes lung cancer but not everyone that smokes against lung cancer. it is a matter of your

habits, what you do and your metabolism link to that. that is what i think in some cases the heading of the ball has a major effect on certain players. some people though my say this is a bit draconian, banding heading for under 12. that's my say. it heading to the key pa rt 12. that's my say. it heading to the key part of the game. if you take it out of football and young kids, playing football, it detracts from their ability and their appreciation of the game. people are saying that but it is nonsense. it is up to the age of 12. after that, there is plenty of time to get heading back to the game i've also set at a younger age, some people do this, they are using little plastic balls for the boys to head just so they get the technique in place so when it comes to the fact that they want to head the ball as they get older, they will be able to and they'll have the technique of doing that because they see a lot of tv, major players heading the ball. renaldo is going to mention. just to have a ban at that young age will have no

effect on the game whatsoever. i don't and instead anybody can put up the argument. that's an instant anybody. do you think the way to boss now, the technical makeup of the football now has changed so dramatically that it is in such a bad problem? some people will argue. and billy's day, it was completely different. they were very heavy. it's especially wet in the rain. totally. as somebody who did the research on it, they were twice to wet when wet it tells you how bad it was. they were a lot heavier a lot worse. “— was. they were a lot heavier a lot worse. —— they were twice the weight when wet. on the training session come if he is heading the ball 25 times a day, that is a lot worse. that is a boxer being .25 times a day similar to the fact you have to ta ke day similar to the fact you have to take it easy and the kids will eventually come through and have the ball, there's been research done in scotla nd ball, there's been research done in scotland since the americans have done and that is why that research

has been validated in the fact that they do think that hitting the ball can have an effect on certain people and therefore we have to take care. one of the things we are doing first and foremost in scotland is stopping the youngsters heading to ball up to the youngsters heading to ball up to the age of 12. thank you forjoining us. gordon smith there, former chief executive of the scottish fa. back to washington. the us senate has formally begun the impeachment trial of president trump. the us president is accused of ‘abuse of power‘ and obstructing congress — it‘s alleged he tried to pressurise ukraine, to dig dirt on one of his political rivals, joe biden. donald trump insists he did nothing wrong. our washington correspondent gary o‘donoghue has been following events on capitol hill... we were just hearing adam schiff, one of the democratic managers, the sort of prosecutors, saying that donald trump abused his power and is a threat to national security and the constitution. yes. strong stuff.

a threat to the constitution should be removed from power, it should not be removed from power, it should not be allowed to serve an honourable office again, these are all hugely serious allegations to level at a president of the united states. it was a pretty sombre event in windows articles were read out. in front of the senate and the well of the senate there, kicking off this process of the trial. in about an hourtime, process of the trial. in about an hour time, this approved just as of the supreme court will transform himself from chiefjustice into effectively the chairman for this trial process. he will be sworn in and he will swear in all of those 100 senators who will become jurors and part of this trial. and then we expect that ought to kick off next week with opening arguments that could take several days on each side. many thanks. the headlines on bbc news...

we‘re out of time — and world leaders need to make life or death decisions on climate change — a warning from sir david attenborough. the process of starting a senate trial of president trump is getting under way — with the articles of impeachment being formerly submitted. prince harry makes his first public appearance since announcing that he and meghan will be stepping back from front line royal duties. the labour leadership contender, sir keir starmer has warned the labour party that it risks "missing the facts" if it only looks at what went wrong in the 2019 general election. sir keir said the party had been losing votes in its heartlands for a "long time" and had lost four general elections in a row. our chief political correspondent vicki young is at westminster.

seen by many as the front runner at the moment in this contest. what has he been saying? he and rebecca lung bailey, who is seen much is the person who would continue in the same vein asjeremy corbyn are the two out at the front of the moment, the second phase of the contest is when every candidate needs to try and get endorsements from the unions are from constituency labour parties, that is what they are trying to do but force or keir starmer, he was part of the top team underjeremy corbyn for a long time. so it could be said that he was part of the problem. he was very much arguing fora of the problem. he was very much arguing for a second referendum when he came to staying in the eu. that is what he was campaigning for. some would say that one against a light of what labour heartlands really wanted. but he has been talking to our political editor laura kuenssberg and this is what he had to say what the answer was. what i did, along with hundreds of thousands of our members, was to go out and campaign with energy and positivity,

but in the end, people didn't have trust in us. partly that was to do with the leadership, rightly or wrongly. partly that was to do with brexit, anti—semitism came up and the overload of the manifesto. all of these things came up. we need to restore that trust. and if we only look at the 2019 election, we are missing the fact that we have lost four in a row. the point he is making there i think because many pointed out he is the only man left and the race, a lot of people in the labour party went there to be a female leader for the first time. what he is saying that there is not just first time. what he is saying that there is notjust about getting about the labour heartlands in the midlands and the north. to win an election, labour would need to win all over the united kingdom, scotland, southwest of england, southeast come here trying to say he is the one who has that brought appeal but there is a long way to go in this leadership campaign. the result will not be coming into the 4th result will not be coming into the 11th of april. result will not be coming into the 4th of april. thank you.

the government is revealing proposed new laws under which farmers will be rewarded for protecting the environment, tackling climate change and boosting wildlife. the new agriculture bill will replace eu rules which mean farmers are paid according to how much land they own. soil protection is a core issue at the heart of the bill — as there is three times more carbon held in soil than in the atmosphere, but losses of carbon are due to farming are fuelling climate change. sarah mcmonagle is a countryside campaigner — she‘s praised the bill. the agriculture bill is completely radical in terms of how we approach farming of this country. what is particularly important is the new measures on soils. we really need healthy soils, not just to deliver our food but to tackle the climate emergency and restore nature. what we wa nt emergency and restore nature. what we want to see from government now is supporting the farmers to implement this bill and make it a reality. that means proper advice and support and monitoring.

and the bbc news channel will be in glasgow tomorrow, focussing on climate change. we want to put your questions on this complex issue to our experts. you can do so on twitter using the hashtag #bbcyourquestions and you can email us on yourquestions@bbc.co.uk. please remember to leave your name and where you are from. pa rents parents will be allowed to film and crown court for the very first time england well. the broadcasters say there will be restricted to the sentencing remarks at the judgements at the end of a trial. some barristers are warning that tv coverage could it lead to some unfair criticism of the judges. coverage could it lead to some unfair criticism of thejudges. it is our local correspondent clive coleman. this is a moment of history. this is the first time that we have been allowed to broadcast television pictures from court number one at the old bailey, the most famous criminal court in the world. it is said that people like

the cray twins, ruth ellis, the last woman to be hanged in britain, the wartime trader lord warhol and the yorkshire ripper were tried and sentenced but when they were sentenced, the only members of the public who got to see it with a few people sitting up there in the public gallery. new laws will allow television cameras to film judges sentencing remarks and murder, terrorism and other serious high profile cases. it is a radical extension to the operation of open justice. and it‘s been welcomed by the judiciary. there justice. and it‘s been welcomed by thejudiciary. there are justice. and it‘s been welcomed by the judiciary. there are two reasons i think, the first is that is it is important that the justice system. what happens in our courts is as transparent as it is possible and is consistent with the interest of justice. the second is that it aids public understanding of what the courts are doing. the new measures will apply to crown court in england and wales. filming in the scottish courses been allowed since 1992. subject to strict conditions. you

may stay seated. you are convicted after trial of the murder of margaret fleming... so is there an unequivocal welcome for filming judges passing sentence? unequivocal welcome for filming judges passing sentence ?m unequivocal welcome for filming judges passing sentence? if the public see their face in the living room and are able to identify the more readily, then unfortunately, more readily, then unfortunately, more likely we think we would be personally attacked and possibly details published about them, which shouldn‘t be. details published about them, which shouldn't be. the change in the law does that mean that television and online audiences will experience the full drama and turbulence of the criminal trial. like that in america‘s 1995 trial of oj simpson, for the murder of his ex—wife nicole and herfriend for the murder of his ex—wife nicole and her friend ron for the murder of his ex—wife nicole and herfriend ron goldman. for the murder of his ex—wife nicole and her friend ron goldman. we the jury and her friend ron goldman. we the jury find the defendant or thought james simpson not guilty. victims witnesses, lawyers, jurors, none of those will be seen. but it does mean that for the first time, millions of

viewers will get to see and hear the sentencing remarks ofjudges and some of the most serious criminal cases that come before the courts. the boss of ryanair has threatened legal action over the government help given to rival airline flybe. michael kolar has written to the chancellor arguing that the state rescue of flybe contravenes competition rules. he says that measures that are being put in place to help flybe should be extended to other airlines. —— michael o‘leary. the government says the arrangement is fully compliant with state aid rules. good news this evening. an independent book shop in hampshire — that tweeted about not making a single sale in a day for the first time in its 100—year—history — has been inundated with orders, after the tweet went viral. petersfield book shop posted a picture of the empty store, saying "tumbleweed.

not a single book sold today." the author neil gaiman retweeted the post and the orders started flooding in. duncan kennedy reports. once upona once upon a time, there was an old book shop. but this is in a fairy tale. it really exists. work point meets corky. but last tuesday, there we re meets corky. but last tuesday, there were no customers. not one. which led the shop to put out this tweet... it read... tumbleweed, not a single book sold today, £0, we think it may be the first time ever. the message was spotted by best—selling author neil gaiman, who retweeted it to his 2.7 million followers. the shop owner, whose fla m boya nt followers. the shop owner, whose flamboyant is enough to fill his own book, says orders then came flooding in. somebody rung up and said they wa nt to

in. somebody rung up and said they want to spend £10. somebody from california want to donate $50. and it is just books. the love books. the content. the work that is put in. the imagination. the intellect thatis in. the imagination. the intellect that is going to books. and these like—minded peoplejust that is going to books. and these like—minded people just get together and they want to say book shop. and we feel very humbled but it is you can‘t quite take it in. it is so unbelievable. in a shop where where it meets words, new customers have been arriving all day. a second-hand book shop, and antiquarian book shop like this is a treasure trove of amazing things. family book shops mean so amazing things. family book shops mean so much amazing things. family book shops mean so much more amazing things. family book shops mean so much more than in the old book shop. it is gone down the generations, it is just book shop. it is gone down the generations, it isjust amazing the different things they have in here. it is the kind of shop that has every kind of title. although the likes of oscar wilde wouldn‘t have known much about twitter, they shop

has gone from having just over 1000 followers, three days ago, to more than 11,000 followers today. with e—book and amazon around from independent sellers will always be busy on a wet january afternoon. but this one like all the best books, really has captured the imagination. i have a feeling it would not be short of customers for a little while yet. time for a look at the weather... here is helen. high there. good book reading weather today with all the rain outand reading weather today with all the rain out and about. this was the view from one of our weather watchers. weather will go from one extreme to the other in the next 48 hours tomorrow bring the transition day. today being the day with this next whopping great area of low pressure a cross next whopping great area of low pressure across us, more rain, very when pressure across us, more rain, very when he gets well but the winds will tend to ease away from the north overnight and the rain will take a little while longer for southern and eastern parts of england, we have

three orfour more eastern parts of england, we have three or four more hours of eastern parts of england, we have three orfour more hours of rain eastern parts of england, we have three or four more hours of rain to come, coinciding with the evening rush, pretty miserable conditions. here it is coming across southern east areas, heavy rain in the north and the next post coming up. we could seek some sizeable amounts of rainfall and a risk of standing water and hydroplaning. as that sta rts water and hydroplaning. as that starts to clear out of the way, we get showers coming in behind and the strong wind would gales continuing, keeping most areas frothy but the glens and northern ireland i think a risk of frost overnight. icy patches, just a hint that it is cold air which means tomorrow showers could be wintry over the hills, not just in the north, some of the showers in the south getting into the afternoon could turn wintry. so don‘t be surprised if you see wintry this tomorrow. hail and thunder risk, blustery showers and feeling chillier temperatures down on those after today. the weekend, it all changes. why? the low pressure in

play all week, moving out of the way, instead we have a strong high—pressure building and that will keep our weather fronts and low pressure at bay for four or five days, i can‘t remember the length of dry spell for some time. we have issues under the clearance guide, a widespread fraud saturday morning, so still the risk of a few winter showers in the far north lingering of scotla nd showers in the far north lingering of scotland but lighter winds elsewhere, a lot of sunshine and a great day for getting out and about. in the same again, saturday to sunday. it turned frosty quite widely, there will be some frost as well, out in the glens of scotland in the valley come widespread of frost sunday morning as you can see, going through sunday that will lift and add another fine and going through sunday that will lift and add anotherfine and dry going through sunday that will lift and add another fine and dry day light winds, barely any clad around. we will see some fog in the money. under this high—pressure, but it is seven or 8 degrees. about average for the time of the year. —— some

fog in the morning. we have the moisture, it is been so wet, starting to see a south—westerly when around that so i think we will start to pick up a bit more fog going into next week but otherwise, for five days of dry weather. not bad.

the world is facing a moment of crisis over climate change — the warning from sir david attenborough. forest fires, melting ice, drought, flooding — sir david says the world can no longer wait. action is needed now. the moment of crisis has come. we can no longer prevaricate. as i speak, south—east australia is on fire. in australia, firefighters forced to cut down trees to take away fuel for the fires as the forests burn. well, this fire was lit a couple of minutes ago and you can see also on the programme tonight... prince harry walks out to face the cameras on what may well be his last royal engagement for a while — posting this, his own footage, on social media. just beyond there as the british