nearly six years ago, it sold for a record £500,000 but the new owner says, for a once in a lifetime opportunity, they were prepared to pay twice as much. when you are paying £1 million, you want the real thing. here in a lab at the royal mint, they test and authenticate coins and precious metals. we are able to provide a service to our customers where they can feel confident in buying coins, especially coins of this significant amount of money, that they can feel confident that it has been through the authenticity checks that we do here at the royal mint and that it is a genuine coin and that they paid a fair price for it. a price which, for the time being at least, makes this the uk's most valuable coin. kevin peachey, bbc news. the actor derek fowlds has died at the age of 82. he's best known for his role as the hapless bernard woolley in the bbc political satire yes minister, and it's yes minister, and its sequel yes prime minister.

his family said he died in hospital in bath, from complications following pneumonia. time for a look at the weather. here's helen willets. how is it looking for the weekend, pretty chilly, i gather? but bright. today is the transition day so we still have rain if you are going out today in the form of showers. this was sent in about an hour ago by our weather watcher, i hope they ran for a cup of tea because that is a big shower coming in. this was exeter at the same time, big rainbows. lots of squally showers tied in with this area of low pressure and this looks menacing, this next area of low pressure but we think it will skip away to the south and west and the ridge of high pressure between will ta ke ce ntre ridge of high pressure between will take centre stage through tomorrow and not just tomorrow, take centre stage through tomorrow and notjust tomorrow, but the weekend and well beyond, with the only intruder to the drier picture this week where the front as we head towards the middle of next week. so high pressure, five, possibly six

days of dry weather, something we haven't seen in the uk since back in september but we do have another day of showers to contend with. this is how it is looking on the latest rainfall charts, some winter and is over the hills, some hail thunder and another band of showers passing northern ireland and scotland will make its way across england and wales, so it is chilly and some blustery winds around no showers, some wintering us on the moors further south. but they ease overnight. showers continue across the north and west of scotland and with a widespread frost, clearly a for icy patches where the surfaces remained damp but, otherwise, tomorrow starts on a crisp, frosty, bright and sunny note and it will be sunny for many others, i think, tomorrow. 0ne sunny for many others, i think, tomorrow. one or two flies in the ointment, one or two showers drifting southwards but the exception rather than the rule and this weather system just scooting to the south and west, potentially the isles of scilly and the channel islands seeing cloud. temperature is

not particularly high, around average for the time of year but they will plummet tomorrow evening after dark. temperatures will fall well below freezing under the starry skies and tomorrow night's frost looks harsher. the countryside will be down to “4, —5 and towns and cities around or below freezing, many of them. so another frosty start sunday morning, there could be more patchy mist and fog and, although very isolated where it forms, it takes time to clear at this time of year, very little strength in the sun. we pick up a bit more of a south—westerly, more cloud into the far north and west of scotla nd cloud into the far north and west of scotland but i'm clutching at straws, it is essentially fine and dry and that a fine and dry picture, no rain at all it looks for the next five or six days. we will see progressively more cloud under the high pressure and progressively more fog because we have so much moisture around at the moment but it is good news, i think, for most. sounds around at the moment but it is good news, i think, for most. sounds like around at the moment but it is good news, i think, for most. sounds like it, around at the moment but it is good news, i think, for most. sounds like it, thank around at the moment but it is good news, i think, for most. sounds like it, thank you around at the moment but it is good news, i think, for most. sounds like it, thank you very around at the moment but it is good news, i think, for most. sounds like it, thank you very much indeed. a reminder of our top story...

glasgow is aiming to become carbon neutral in the next ten years, with a radical plan to cut emissions. that's all from the bbc news at one, so it's goodbye from me and, on bbc one, we nowjoin the bbc‘s news teams where you are. you're watching bbc news. england's cricketers have a lost a few wickets but they are still building a big first innings total in the third test against south africa, mostly thanks to ben stokes who was out for 120 and ollie pope has brought up his maiden test century. he's unbeaten on 106.

england resumed on 224 4 on day 2 in port elizabeth, pope and stokes batted though the morning session before stokes went. joss buttler and dom bess made i, sam curran an entertaining 1m. england 426—8 at tea. a south african will miss the celebration... they gave him a demerit point, his fourth in eight 2a month period which has triggered a one match ban. saracens could face automatic relegation in a matter of days u nless relegation in a matter of days unless they can prove that they are now complying with salary cap rules. they've already been docked 35 points and fined £5 million for breaking the cap for the past 3 seasons. here's our sports news reporter laura scott. premiership rugby clubs all met in london on tuesday, they decided that they wanted to take some pretty tough action on the saracens to

ensure that they could prove the compliance this season, it is very important to them that they have this crystal clear,they‘re not willing to take any chances at this time. this morning, saracens convened all their players and staff to update them on discussions. what seems to be the case is that they are really struggling to get within the cap this season. they're struggling to off—load players, we haven't seen any go for sure yet so i think it seems more and more certain that they will be relegated if they can't prove that compliance and there is still the chance they could have a fresh audit of them this season, past seasons, that could bring fresh charges and fresh sanctions. this is moving quite rapidly, i think we'll see a lot coming out of the club and premiership rugby in the coming days and my understanding is that if they don't meet that deadline, the relegation could be confirmed in the coming days but this will have wider implications on the england setup, if players aren't playing in the premiership or if they have to move abroad, this could be really significant over the coming days.

harriet dart has come through qualifying in melbourne to make it into the australian open main draw for the second year running, that means that there'll be four british women in the first round. that includes johanna konta, but she's had very limited preparations, the british number one has only played in one tournment since the us open in september as she manages a knee problem. because of that she says she won't play in the fed cup this year. it's a tough decision to make because the fed cup is something that has always been very close to my heart and i have had some incredible experiences in my career so far and i am definitely looking to have some more but for this season, because it is an olympic season as well, ijust need to take care of my body and make some decisions that are not always easy but hopefully it will help me have the longevity that i want. just as well—placed as he looks for

his first victory on tour in a year. he was eight under par at the singapore open. two shots off the top of the middle. that is all the sport for now, don't forget on the bbc sports website you can follow the quarterfinals at the masters at alexandra palace, one of the triple crown events. it is maguire against gilbert at the moment. so, you can follow that across the bbc. we will be back with more and afternoon life. we're going back to glasgow now as part of our series on the climate and answering some of the questions you've been asking about crisis and sustainability.

hello and welcome to your questions answered here from the empowering the future room of the glasgow science centre and we are in the glasgow today for two key reasons, one at the end of this year, glasgow will be hosting a meeting of world leaders and eminent scientists talking about climate change, that is called cop26, the united nations climate summit thought to be possibly the most crucial one since the paris agreement was signed in 2015 and secondly, and certainly by no means the least important reason, glasgow is attempting to lead the way by setting a target of being carbon neutral by the end of this decade, by 2030. and of course, this year is thought to be an absolutely key one, an opportunity that the world can't afford to miss, say climate scientists in attempting to control global temperatures so thank you very much for sending in lots of questions, you have really engaged with this as our audience and we hope you will be throughout the year as the bbc launches our planet matters.

so, let's get some of those questions answered for you. with me are weather presenter and meteorologist matt taylor and also our science editor david shukman. good to have you here in glasgow. before we get into those questions, briefly matt, what is the difference between climate and weather because thatis between climate and weather because that is simply delete look back at some time confusion? they're both intrinsically linked. whether we are talking about the highly variability of situation weather—wise from one hour to the next, one day to be next, it is basically the weather we are having and what is happening there. climate is taking that longer look at what we expect to happen and how that changes over time and of course we still have that bit of variability that you are looking at the climate, the longer picture, you can the climate, the longer picture, you ca n start the climate, the longer picture, you can start to identify trends and it is those trends which are starting to cause more and more alarm with each passing year. well, david, the first question is from christopher who asks, how exactly does carbon dioxide which is a clear and chemically stable gas actually cause

a rise in temperature? 50, matt might correct my answer but as i understand it is for at least a century now scientists have understood that carbon dioxide when it is in the atmosphere has an interesting property. ultraviolet light from the sun can pass through it down to the surface of the earth and earth warms up it releases infrared radiation which the carbon dioxide in the air blocks so it acts asa dioxide in the air blocks so it acts as a heat trapping gas, that is why people talk about carbon dioxide as a greenhouse gas, the effect is like you're getting the warmth inside a greenhouse so that is why carbon dioxide and other gases which are known to have the same kind of property like methane for example, that traps even more heat in the atmosphere so people talk about a range of greenhouse gases, all that being key, but carbon dioxide is by far the biggest one so all these efforts people have been talking about about going carbon neutral and all the rest of it is about trying to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide we keep adding to the atmosphere year by year. the

quantity keeps going up year by year, scientists tell us it has got to come down. a very clear expiration. we haven't seen levels like this for about 800,000 years and a measure that the role, dioxide is paying as the stratosphere is actually calling and that is an indication that the radiation is not getting there and one in the stratosphere up so it is that is calling we are warming and it is just another independent way of showing the effects that come in and is having. alex asks, how much of this rise is the natural cycle of a changing world temperature patterns have scientists research past patterns? of course, they looked at all the options. scientists will a lwa ys all the options. scientists will always look at every possible scenario. climate has always been variable. the patterns have always changed and will always continue to change. the cycles are generally driven by various things, the orbits

of the earth, subtle changes in that, changes in solar strength as well and of course the natural things such as volcanoes pushing more in the way of particulates into the atmosphere but even taking us into account, the son is taking through a less prominent stage in its cycle —— sun, you would expect its cycle —— sun, you would expect it to be calling a little bit at the moment but everything points to, all the human factor is that we are taking part in isjust the human factor is that we are taking part in is just starting to warm them up. you cannot account for the warming at the rate we are seeing is well at the moment in just natural factors alone. seeing is well at the moment in just naturalfactors alone. it seeing is well at the moment in just natural factors alone. it has to be that human elements that go with it was not very interesting. david asks, is the fundamental problem the overpopulation of the human race rather than just come in overpopulation of the human race

rather thanjust come in inverted commas, climate change is as can't support a billion humans?m commas, climate change is as can't support a billion humans? it is a question that keeps coming up and it always has in this debate. clearly, the more of us that there are on the planet, each of us with a carbon footprint, the bigger the problem is going to get. we have to drill down a bit more to answer the question. i think accurately, which is that we all have a different carbon footprint, different countries use fossil fuels in different ways and in different amounts so the carbon footprint of someone in america for example is way higher than that of someone example is way higher than that of someone in india or even poorer countries in the developing world so you get into an argument here about justice. if it is right for a country to be burning fossil fuels and the effects are felt in some other country, what are you going to do about that? also, when it comes to sorting the problem out, what do you do? are you going to tell all the people in india for example other countries, actually you can't develop in the way that we have? won

a minister interviewed a few years back said we have millions of people without a single light bulb in the home so can't tell us to not develop fossil fuels so it is an international issue here. we have another question along those lines ina another question along those lines in a moment or two but the next one is from david... surrey that is david's question wejust is from david... surrey that is david's question we just took. terry in essex for you matt, what increase in temperature we passed the tipping point and vast areas of the plans become an inhabitable? that is going to bea become an inhabitable? that is going to be a key focus for the delegates gathering for the cop26 in november. it would almost be easier to think there is a particular temperature at which you do take things over but you can't really see that. a tipping point for one part of the world will be completely different from another. i think what you have to... so what is the 1.5 degrees that we keep hearing about if we can bring that in? 1.5 is almostjust a target at the moment that was decided by

the paris agreement that we are going to try and aim for that because with each passing degree of temperature, we lift the temperature across the planet further and further, the extremes, the impact it will get greater and greater so 2.5 compared to 1.5, the impacts on greater populations, different parts of the world will become greater but even now, you are seeing of the world will become greater but even now, you are seeing parts of the world with just a 1 degrees change in temperature having regular impacts and so some across in bangladesh, low—lying areas there, they have already been starting to feel the effects of rising sea levels and some scientists are already thinking that perhaps greenland is already past that point. it takes a lot longer to build upa point. it takes a lot longer to build up a snow and ice in these areas than it does to melted away so we are melting it away, the earth is warming, you're not putting it back at so have we gone past that tipping point as far as green and is concerned? whereas for other areas it will be a little bit further down the line where certain parts will

become completely uninhabitable. the line where certain parts will become completely uninhabitablelj think is worth adding that in the years i have been covering this, used to be thought that 2 degrees, a rise in2 used to be thought that 2 degrees, a rise in 2 degrees was sort of a safety threshold and that the world could warm up to that amount and we have done 1 degrees already and then the trouble would start beyond that but recent research has drilled into this and much more detail and found that as matt says, 1.5 is actually a target beyond which you don't really wa nt target beyond which you don't really want to go because all kinds of more damaging effect starts to kick in beyond that and as we have said, we have already done a degree, not much further to go when we saw that opinion very much expressed in your interview with sir david attenborough. yes, it was very striking. i've interviewed him several times over the years and watched documentaries about the subject and just over a year ago he addressed the un summit in poland about this topic was to be as we talked about the need for urgent action and international response that meets the challenge but i think his language has toughened up, he is becoming more i sensed exasperated with the fact that science is

incredibly clear now, clearer than ever before about the need for action and the short timescale we have got. the fact that so many young people are on the streets in their millions around the world arguing foran immediate their millions around the world arguing for an immediate response and yet the process of international negotiations isjust so grindingly slow that the last un summit in madrid last month, many of the key issues on the agenda went settled and were kicked down the road for the british government to try and sort out here in glasgow and i think thatis sort out here in glasgow and i think that is what sir david was trying to reflect. just picking up on the question you are answering a while ago, christina asks, what can we do about other bigger countries not adopting green practices? we feel helpless, are we helpless? it is a difficult and great question, do we all feel helpless? i think that climate scientists and so would be that it doesn't matter where the carbon reductions, and if

individuals find some way in their own homes, their own lives are making a difference because they wa nt making a difference because they want to comment and there is no compulsion about this, it has been individual choice and their own volu nta ry individual choice and their own voluntary view of this, but i mean there aren't little things one can do but it might be depressing. you think, i do but it might be depressing. you think, lam do but it might be depressing. you think, i am switching the lights off, i'm turning the thermostat down, i off, i'm turning the thermostat down, lam off, i'm turning the thermostat down, i am switching to a bicycle from a car or whatever and china is still building coal fire power stations and that will blot out anything i do and yes, it might to anything i do and yes, it might to an extent but at the same time china is investing massively in renewable power and the world is waiting to see the next chinese five year plan which is due to come out at some point this year. now, we don't know whether that will signal an even bigger driver to go green and if it does, that would send a signal around the world that might indicate that even the well's biggest emitter is taking this more seriously. and one feels the need to be

unprecedented coordination which isn't necessarily happening yet. the's move on to george who asks, why should if you degrees rise in global temperatures across the world be catastrophic when previous average temp which even higher? yes, but we are talking about three or 5 million years ago, we are a planet which is becoming more and more populated was that we have greater stresses on the environment around us, we stresses on the environment around us, we are stresses on the environment around us, we are crowding in to ever so smaller places and all these are going to have greater impacts so the rising sea levels now compared to 100,000 years ago, well, there are so 100,000 years ago, well, there are so many 100,000 years ago, well, there are so many more 100,000 years ago, well, there are so many more of 100,000 years ago, well, there are so many more of us 100,000 years ago, well, there are so many more of us crowded around the edges of our oceans so any little change is going to start making those big differences and the way we use the world is different to the way we did in the past. and this is something, david, that you have been exploring as you did at your

report on how glasgow was attempting to achieve that carbon neutral target by the end of the decade and more in asks, what are the most important things we can do as householders and individuals to help with climate change? it comes down to several key things, so housing, how you heat your home. across the uk, nearly all homes are heated by burning gas and everything that happens it releases c02 which goes into the atmosphere so one key thing is how do you heat that? are you going to make the choice to go to a greener scheme which may involve a bigger investment to pay dividends later for the other things are insulation, are the wind is leaking? can you do something about the loft insulation? all of these things are important and they all add up. one thing is how do you get around? glasgow is a city that is crisscrossed with motorways, designed really to encourage commuters to bring their cars into

the city back in the cities and somehow that has to change. the city council is seeking to discourage people from bringing their cars into the city centre, let alone —— that would involve a better programme of public transport, getting people back onto bikes and a lot of new cycle la ne s back onto bikes and a lot of new cycle lanes being built. that is something i'm going to be talking about with a variety of guests throughout the day from the leader of the city council to people running small scale projects to try and affect change. we have about five minutes left so let's try and get through a few more of the questions that i have. matt asks, what is the risk of the gulf stream being reduced or turned up com pletely being reduced or turned up completely —— turned off completely? that is something you talk about? yes, in the oceans. the bombing of the oceans —— make of the warming of the oceans —— make of the warming of the oceans. record levels in 2019, the oceans. record levels in 2019, the gulf stream is very important to

our climate in the uk, it is almost a c0 nveyor our climate in the uk, it is almost a conveyor of warm waters that contract from the caribbean across the atlantic to us. it stops our winters from being bitterly cold and it feeds on milder air. there is a theory and a worry that as we start to melt the glaziers, the icecaps in the north atlantic in the polls that that addition of cooler water increases the amount of acidity in the top layer and stops the colder water from the top layer and stops the colder waterfrom sinking down into the lower layers of the ocean and so we are going to see colder air well at the top so we can potentially and for a time there is the theory that whilst the planet is warming here in the north—west of europe, we can actually see things cooler because you are taking that conveyor of water a which is an impact on the weather in the uk but that is something that will be continued to research and it is something that will be a possibility that in the

long run things will turn back to normal but it is server a long—term speu normal but it is server a long—term spell of time. you're talking about a global ecosystem, when you talk about climate, you are talking about the global ecosystem. sophie asks, is it true that a plant —based diet is it true that a plant —based diet is one of the best are steps you can ta ke towards is one of the best are steps you can take towards reducing your impact on the planet? yes, there are scientific considerations which are pretty clear on this was if you are cultivating plants and you just eat those than there is one level of carbon footprint but if you cultivate plants which you then feed to animals and then you either as animals, you are adding to the whole process, you are adding to the carbon footprint. there is a whole fascinating and sensitive debate about where farming livestock is high carbon and low carbon, a lot of british farmers get very exercised about this point and pointing out that their practices are low carbon but the fact remains that if you, for example, chop down the amazon

ra i nfore st for example, chop down the amazon rainforest in order to create fields and grow soya and you then ship that soya across the atlantic, turn it into cattle feed, you have a very high carbon footprint indeed because you have lost all that that was stored in the forest. ijust have time for one question from john in kent who asks, how can humanity change to sustainable production when the economy is larger in private hands and decisions are based on profit motive?|j private hands and decisions are based on profit motive? i think one interesting answer is whether the big companies of the world see that the tide is turning in this debate, when they see that there is a reputational risk. if they don't have an ambitious climate plan. when i started covering this topic 15 odd years ago i i started covering this topic 15 odd years ago i never i started covering this topic 15 odd years ago i never heard companies talking about green credentials, now my e—mail inbox is bombarded and la st my e—mail inbox is bombarded and last night the extraordinary news from the software giant microsoft which came up with a plan, not like many companies with a distant ambition to cut their emissions some

remote state in the future but to be, and here is a new phrase for many people, carbon negative... carbon negative, not carbon neutral. so, we don't know the details of how they're going to do that. crucially, we don't know how they are doing it but an interesting initiative. we must leave it there, thank you both for your expertise and fantastic to get a nswe rs for your expertise and fantastic to get answers to those questions, thank you to our viewers for sending them in. plenty of opportunities to get your questions answered over the course of the year over the continuing 0ur course of the year over the continuing our planet matters. we'll be looking at the subject of climate change over the years building up to that key summit in glasgow in november. now it's time for a look at the weather with helen willetts. the showers have been producing some

snow over the hudson snowdonia in snowdonia, which you can see behind me. it is colder air which has filtered its way right across the uk. you can see the shower cloud gathering. this little window of clear air in between is a high pressure ridge which will become, i think, the focus for the uk's weather, over notjust the weekend but the next four or five days. we have not seen this length of dry spell since the middle of september and only a weak weather front to come in and bring us a spattering of rain. today is still a day of transition and plenty of showers and some significant amounts of rainfall from the showers, not just rain but the snow as we saw over the hills. relatively modest hills, there could be some for the brecon beacons and the moors as well. equally, there could be chance of hail and thunder, gusty winds making it feel chilly but at least a little sunshine to enjoy in between. under the starry skies over night, as the showers diminish away

from the north of scotland where they will prgressively turn at similar levels as well but elsewhere under the starry skies, the ingredients are there with lighter winds for a widespread frost. last night we had frost in northern ireland, much more widespread issue overnight, tonight, —3, —a in the countryside and given that we will have had showers quite late in the day, it does mean there could be some ice issues on untreated roads and pavements, so that is to watch out, for through the night and first thing on saturday. then saturday looks much drier. yes, we will still have some wintry showers, a keen north—west wind for the far north of scotland. this threatens some cloud to cornwall and the channel islands but for most of us it is dry. there will be plenty of sunshine around and temperatures will get around 7 or 8 so not as high as they have been at this week but with light winds and sunshine, pleasant enough and actually about average for mid—january. then tomorrow night, we lose the shower risk in the north, so less cloud and breeze means the frost will set in more quickly and it will be harsher by morning. —5, —6 in rural parts with most

of our towns or cities around freezing or below so again an ice issue potentially because of the moisture we have had around and also perhaps some mist and fog but otherwise, bar a little bit more cloud for the skies of the northern and western isles and north—west highlands, a bit more sunshine to enjoy and we will pick up a bit more fog through the coming nights. goodbye.

hello, you are watching afternoon live. the city of glasgow wants to become carbon neutral in the next ten years — leading the fight against climate change. carbon neutral by 2030 is a big challenge, it's certainly one that we're taking very seriously, and it's not enough for a few people in the council to be working on it. it's a challenge that everybody has to take part in, that we need to get everybody across the city engaged with, and that we need to be working on now. how h ow exa ctly how exactly will glasgow deliver on that goal? what sort of change is needed and how quickly? i'm at the glasgow science centre where i will be putting those questions to our guests throughout the afternoon. psychiatrists call for social media companies to hand over their data —