britain's borisjohnson has called the coronavirus pandemic the worst health crisis in a generation. he warned that many more families would lose loved ones before their time. he said it was important to get the timing right for the toughest procedures. in total, ten people have now died in the uk with the virus. the outbreak has led global stock markets to record some of their biggest ever one—day losses. in new york the dowjones closed 10% down — while european markets also saw double digit falls. and this story is trending on bbc.com: england's football premier league will hold an emergency club meeting on friday regarding future fixtures. it follows arsenal's manager mikel arteta testing positive for the coronavirus. club staff who had recent contact with arteta will now self—isolate. that's all. stay with bbc world news. now on bbc news, part two of a special programme

bringing together some of your questions about the coronavirus pandemic countries in lockdown, stockpiling panic and travel bands. how prepared are we as covert 19 —— covid—19 spreads. this is part two of our bbc‘s special series. spreads. this is part two of our bbc's special series. coronavirus explained. it seems that this whole province whether coronavirus first broke out will now be locked down. although they get to go home, the concerns are beginning to grow. all of italy has now been placed in quarantine. it is the most drastic response so quarantine. it is the most drastic response so far. sorry! sorry!

covid-19 covid—19 can be characterised as a pandemic. we will be suspending all travel from europe to the united states for the next 30 days. many more families are going to lose loved ones before their time. we will be asking three key questions, how do you contain a delay coronavirus, how do you prepare for it and what is the impact. our experts are here to help you navigate the complexities of coronavirus, to share advice and a nswer coronavirus, to share advice and answer your questions. we will also ask why the situation is so bad in italy, what their prime minister calls the darkest hour. at what point do you self isolate and what is social distancing? the financial market rollercoasters, can countries recover? and how do the travel bands affect you? that is all coming up in coronavirus explained. to help

a nswer coronavirus explained. to help answer your questions, and ours, we havejob —— answer your questions, and ours, we have job —— doctorjake answer your questions, and ours, we havejob —— doctorjake dunning and our health correspondent catherine burns as well. so let's get started. speed of the spread is quite something. countries are ramping up their response, their restrictions, social distancing, self isolation. jakeis social distancing, self isolation. jake is that the right approach? the world health organization has already said this is a public health emergency of international concern and recently said it is characterised as a pandemic. itjust means it is in many countries around the world. this is a serious situation. countries need to focus on the efforts to try and slow down the spread, limit the spread of

infection. i want to put on our screen a graph that has gone viral in recent days because it is a good visual illustration of what the strategy is for government. there is a spike on the left—hand side that will happen if no restrictions are in place and the government is trying to flatten that line, the yellow line, because the horizontal line that goes across this green is the key one and that is whether health systems have the capacity to cope with the number of infections. that is the strategy, to avoid peak and flatten it down and spread out the number of cases. catherine, we are being told that politicians are following science but there are political decisions and choices in this because different governments make different choices on things like public gatherings and sporting events and school closure. the science doesn't change. every country around the world is trying

to do the same thing, they are trying to flatten that peak and spread out the cases and slow it down and delay it. but it is a balancing act because at the same time they are trying to figure out the impact of that on their country and their economy and on people's lives and mental health, being isolated for so long. that is the balancing act. each country is coming toa balancing act. each country is coming to a different decision. stay with us because there are many basic questions around self isolation. here is our medical correspondent fergus walsh. if you are told to self isolate that means staying at home, not going to work, school or other public places. you should not have any visitors. if you develop symptoms, a fever or a cough, seek advice first by phone. don't just turn up cough, seek advice first by phone. don'tjust turn up at a medical centre or a hospital. if you live

with others than you need to stay in a well ventilated bedroom with the door shut. if you have to share a bathroom then use it after everyone else. do not share towels and toiletries. your waste should be double bad. if you test positive it will be separately disposed of. if you live on your own you can order shopping online or get friends to help. but they should leave it on the doorstep. the coronavirus causes a mild illness forfour out the doorstep. the coronavirus causes a mild illness for four out of five people. self isolating will help protect older people and those with underlying health problems from getting infected. so that is self

isolation. what is life in lockdown like, though? this is how one family, who don't have symptoms, a coping with the massive restrictions in place in italy. this is my sister. hello. this is a new experience for me and i miss a lot of my friends. but my teacher set up a distance learning platform for study. this is my father. hello. it was quite difficult and challenging the first time but we did it and a couple of days where we all started smart working and it is a big kick off in balancing work life and family life. it is tough but we do it. a little snapshot film there on

a mobile phone which takes me nicely toa a mobile phone which takes me nicely to a question from linda who asks as we touch our mobiles all the time, how often should we clean our mobiles? the advice on this is quite surprising because if you think of how many people touch your mobile phone, generally it isjust you. yes, you could shoot —— shed the virus on it but because not many other people touch and there is not much risk. at some smart phone manufacturers of change their advice. the advice is always been to clean with a lint cloth but they say now you can use antibiotic wipes, try not to get them wet, however. and in general advice in terms of ha rd and in general advice in terms of hard surface, soft surface, public transport? hard surfaces. ifi sneezed right now, the droplets would be in the air and they would land on the desk. you would not get it from touching it but they would do there and they would slowly

disintegrate over 72 hours. this is why it is so important to wash your hands because if you touch that surface and untouched your eyes nose or mouth, you would bring the germs in. on public transport, use your common sense. wash your hands when you finish, keep away from people. if someone sneezes, get in the next carriage. we saw a snapshot from italy there, the biggest out wreck outside of china and many of you have been asking why stop italy's government lockdown, the whole country on monday and this graph tells us why. the virus is spreading at speed. there were a couple of hundred new cases reported each day and in ten days it was ten times that. the mortality rate appears to be higher than the global average. compare that to south korea. it also has a large number of cases but there are far fewer deaths. let's have a look at this and it shows the

infection rate is lower. it begs the question why the difference? first is the rate of testing. look at this graph by business insider comparing a countries showing that as of march eight south korea is doing almost 4000 eight south korea is doing almost a0 0 0 tests eight south korea is doing almost 4000 tests per million people. italy was testing 826. fewer tests means mild cases go undetected and that means a lower overall number of cases which, in turn, —— turn, pushes the mortality rate up. so the mortality rate may be lower but the number of cases higher. the second factor is that italy has the second old est factor is that italy has the second oldest population in the world. 23% of the population is over 65 and we know that older people are much more vulnerable to this virus. the third factor is timing. february is peak

flu system which means earlier cases we re flu system which means earlier cases were missed. and we can look at this quote from one infectious disease expert saying that it started unnoticed which means that by the time we realised it there were a lot of transmission chains happening. if we go back to italy and look at the fourth factor which is a population density in northern italy. so many ill people in a particular region get you higher rates of infection and greater pressure on hospital resources . and greater pressure on hospital resources. so what began as a concern in february is now a national crisis and is being watched with apprehension by people across europe. let's look at what we can do to prepare as governments and as individuals. what about testing? straight to another question, richard from southland asks that he has symptoms and went to hospital to be tested was turned away because he

had not been in contact with an infected person or an infected area, what should i do now? we have clear criteria for testing and not eve ryo ne criteria for testing and not everyone needs testing. where testing is indicated we do everything we can to make that easily available through different options such as testing in a hospital, sometimes testing in community centres, special areas of the community. occasionally testing at home and doing drive—through testing as well. it is really about whether you need testing and then making that available. you mentioned drive—through testing. these are pictures of that happening in seattle. when you look at testing the figures are fascinating. south korea has tested around 3500 people per million. but in the us it is five per million. how critical is testing? testing is very important and the amount of testing does vary between countries. in the uk we are

increasing our testing capacity. again, it is important to see who is tested and that may change over time. we have more questions for you so stay with me. but let's have a look at this piece. should we look to the east is a model of how best to the east is a model of how best to prepare? we have been monitoring the asian response. when the coronavirus out wreck began in china la st coronavirus out wreck began in china last december its asian neighbours we re last december its asian neighbours were the first to react. let's have a look at various measures taken by the governments in the region. in china it is a lockdown. it took beijing a few weeks to react and when they did, the authorities took a harsh approach which affected nearly 16 million people. the coronavirus outbreak or back memories of sars in hong kong.

officials there were quick to respond by shutting down schools. critics, however, wanted the government to do more and prevent the arrival of chinese visitors. and thatis the arrival of chinese visitors. and that is exactly what the government here in singapore did. it was one of the first countries to shut its borders to china. it also put in place a highly sophisticated contact tracing procedure to track down people who had in around patients who tested positive. that sounds manageable with a population ofjust over 5.5 million. compared to south korea, with a population of over 15 million. soul is most testing anyone with flulike symptoms but critics say its approach has overwhelmed the hospital. so there you have it. lockdown, school closures, contact tracing. if you put them all

together, maybe that is the perfect approach to containing coronavirus. but how difficult would be to carry it out in the rest of the world? that model from china in that region, how easy or not to replicate in the west? every country will have different solutions but the principle will be the same, that is about spreading, limiting the spread of infections, slowing down the spread of infection and it will involve a package of measures. so those are mentioned are imported but they may be implemented at different times by different countries according to what the risks are in those countries at that time and, also, whether it is precaution and risk. straight to another question from sandy, via twitter: we are still collecting evidence. this is a new disease but we do not think once

you've had coronavirus infection, you've had coronavirus infection, you are at an immediate risk of getting infected again so we think the infection will give you some immunity but what's unclear is how long that immunity will last for. all of the countries in their response are looking at particular vulnerable groups. in terms of the elderly, one particular group and we know the statistics are much higher in that particular group and that dynamic. what is the best advice? say if we want to help a neighbour, go down, take food. is that helped or potentially exposing them to be infected? so we do need to look out for older members of society and we know they are at increased risk but you need to do that properly and carefully. if you have symptoms of respiratory illness, and you shouldn't be going and visiting elderly people. you should be trying to avoid that as a neighbour, for example. there are other ways that we can help our older members of society without putting them at risk. so making sure that they have

delivered, for example, is a good way and just keeping in touch with them if they are at home to make sure are feeling ok. them if they are at home to make sure are feeling 0k. lots of different ways but close contact is the thing to avoid. absolutely. let's look at another aspect of being prepared is having enough to actually live on at home and in the office. we've seen stockpiling in pockets around the world with hand sanitiser is top of people's lists. italy has seen a run on pasta which seems to have confirmed that that penne without ridges is the least popular. in switzerland, canned goods and baby food has been flying the shop. panic buying there has been named after a rodent. and shoppers hoarding toilet paper with fights breaking out in supermarkets in australia. one newspaper even printed, listen to this, extra blank pages for readers in case of emergencies. well, darshini is with

me. we will skip over that last bit but in terms of the necessity, government advice is there is no need to do this. there is government advice but you mentioned it there, being prepared. it's human nature. if the going to be shortages and problems to get what we need, you are going to stock up and you can see they're exactly what people are doing. it's the nonperishable foods, it's the toilet rolls, there is also pictures of empty shelves where soap should be. it's human nature but on the other hand, governments are talking to supermarkets and they are talking to supermarkets and they are talking to supermarkets and they are talking to manufacturers. i know one manufacturer of disinfectant producing more of those lines. this is 2020, they know what they are doing, they have a very clear eye on what patterns are going on and frankly, don't panic too much. only buy what you need. when you look at these pictures of empty supermarket shelves, what with people doing before the ultimate soap, what were they washing? it's extraordinary because the advice is so clear. this

morning i drove past a chemist because there was a queue went right around the corner and up the hill. i've never seen anything like that before. absolutely new here reports of people going in, there was a delivery of ten bottles of hand sanitiser and you are buying eight of them. that creates further panic. it is human nature. as i say, human expects supermarkets are incredibly sophisticated. they know what their gaps are going to be. we have very agile manufacturers which can switch productions don't panic through it. let's concentrate now on the impact of all of this. travel first‘s simon is here. dharshini is here and so is jake. let's talk about donald trump's travel ban. that is going to affect huge numbers, let alone the practicality of it. it's unprecedented to have travel

restricted in this way across the atlantic. it has stunned the airlines, they weren't expecting this and it's because of the numbers involved. let's have a look at those first of all. the number of flights per day when europe and the united states affected our 270. that is 79,900 seats per day and remember, this travel ban that president trump is bringing in is lasting 30 days. so over that period, you're talking about1.4 so over that period, you're talking about 1.4 million seats lost to the airlines to make money out of this. in the number of flights, 5220 lost over that period. the important thing is who is affected and it's the people from the 26 schengen countries, so those european countries, so those european countries which have a common travel area and then the dozen include the united kingdom and ireland and some you eastern european countries including croatia for instance she might say, if you're coming from the united kingdom, that's ok and it's

0k united kingdom, that's ok and it's okfor united kingdom, that's ok and it's ok for instance the british airways which operates in the united kingdom but that's not so. everyone is uncertain, they don't know what is going to happen next in the airlines are particularly badly affected. their share prices have plummeted downwards. they called the europeans cold. one french mp said, it doesn't work like that. if i want to catch a flight, | work like that. if i want to catch a flight, i will get a train to london and then get a flight to new york. all sorts of practicalities to work through. but let me go straight to another question, simon, to you from carolina who is asked: i've had a number of people asking the exact same question. berlin comes up the exact same question. berlin comes up quite often because it's a popular destination. well, she can fly there for instance from the uk, there is no problem about lying to berlin yet but the warriors, she says, will my insurance were, my

travel insurance work there. —— the worry is. it's a concern, will i get back and be covered but the other thing is, for all travellers, is there a point in going? there are attractions shutdown known berlin. you can't go into the viewing area of the reichstag, for instance. if travellers are going, should i go because i might be trapped in the out—of—pocket, they are thinking should i be bothered anyway. things are so fluid, they change so quickly as it seemed. dharshini, let's talk about the markets. we've seen extraordinary turmoil for days. it's inevitably hitting economies across the country. recession is being talked about. pensions, although sort of things rolled into the pot in terms of consideration. that is exactly the questions that has the markets are so anxious.

we've seen that. stock markets are down by about 20% from our recent peak, more than that in some cases and you may think, so what but as you mentioned, pensions, even people who don't invest directly in the stock markets are going to be affected by this, their pension funds may be suffering the question is, how long, how far, how wide, how deep is the economic impact of this going to be and there is a bit of a trade—off going on here. we hope president trump talk about the fact this wasn't a financial crisis but also talking about shutting down those flights. on the one hand, we have measures which are going to perhaps show down the human spread but that could deepen the economic impact in the short—term if we're not travelling, out to shops and spending and the crucial thing, if governments and central banks aren't on hand to sort of touch up the damage. in terms of the markets, after a ll damage. in terms of the markets, after all we've seen over the last few days, other markets already factoring in this going on for a considerable amount of time or is there likely to be further huge

volatility that with —— than we've seen? this volatility isn't going to end as we've seen. it was seen in recent days as a shift from the sex that patient, a short, sharp shock to this could carry on for some months but we're still talking about months. the big concern is, whatever goes on even longer, what if there is about action from central banks and governments which means businesses which can't pay the bills today don't go under and don't start cutting jobs but the good news, we have to remember this. everyone out there is saying, all the analysts, there is saying, all the analysts, the moment we get a sign of clarity, that perhaps things are getting better, that both the spread and impact have been contained, markets could spring back incredibly rapidly so we shouldn't get too disheartened. jake, a quick twin thought in terms of mortality rates around the world. why do they differ and what sort of because you sing in terms of the people who catch coronavirus and the amount of hospitalisation that is required which obviously puts huge pressure on the health systems? mortality rates, we will only know the true

mortality rate, how many people have died once this outbreak is over because of the iceberg effect. there will be people infected that we just don't know about so it's very hard to do the maths and an accurate figure. at the moment, their rates va ry figure. at the moment, their rates vary between countries, perhaps because of differences in the way people are assessing it and also how people are assessing it and also how people are assessing it and also how people are accessing care and whether the data collection and outcomes are known for patients at the time. the big concern, it's not just about death rates. it's about who gets sick and who needs to go to hospital so it comes back to those athletes to try and slow the spread and not have one sharp peak that exceeds healthcare and not have one sharp peak that exceeds healthca re capacities and not have one sharp peak that exceeds healthcare capacities to try and spread it out for a bit longer, just so that people who can get care can actually access it. which brings me to my final question to you, jake, because when you look at all different strands, all the spread of this, the number of cases, the number of countries, it's obviously alarming but it's worth underlining

that the majority of people who catch coronavirus to recover. it's really important and it needs to be a balanced message that we think 80% of those who are infected will get a mild illness which is great news but we need to come together and remember that there are other people who may get more severe disease and we all need to do everything to protect those people and stop in for getting infections. jake, thank you very much. time is up, so if we didn't get to your question but many of the answers on the bbc website and up. it's been an information rich 25 minutes. i hope you found it useful. my thanks to doctorjake, catherine, dharshini and simon and ra nks catherine, dharshini and simon and ranks most of all to you for watching. goodbye for now.

hello there. well, the weather's been quite unsettled really, often quite windy with a number of showers around. we certainly have plenty of these on thursday and this was one of those shower clouds spotted on the sides around the wolverhampton area. the satellite picture shows showers swirling around an area of low pressure that is moving out to the north sea at the moment but that's not the last of the lows. we have another couple of swirls of cloud, another coming in late on friday and another one working injust in time for the weekend. if you're out and about for the next few hours, across northern areas, there will be showers and at times, those will be falling as snow over the hills of scotland. elsewhere, it's going to stay quite windy. temperatures of the most part keeping above freezing but with a nip of frost in scotland, perhaps northern england, where we could see if few icy stretches where we see those showers fall. the rest of friday morning, showers get

driven down the north sea by these cold northerly winds and we could see cloud thicken and outbreaks of rain across wales and south—west england. in these two areas, we'll see areas of sunshine that is when moves across wales combined with winds coming across the north sea, we will get this line of moisture which will generate showers, more from merseyside down through the midlands to the greater london area. it could be quite slow—moving and could turn cloudy for a time as well. we got rains on the day across wales and south—west england. the aim becomes more extensive overnight and for the weekend, slow—moving weather front pushes its way eastwards across the uk so we will see rain at times across this weekend. the rain will be followed by showers. so it is an unsettled looking weekend and often it's going to be pretty windy as well. we'll take a look at more detailed forecasts and on saturday, a strip of cloud, the rain quite heavy in scotland, easing off later in the day but that's only because the next weather

system will be racing its way in, bringing more rain across northern ireland and the return of wet weather for western scotland. the rain could turn quite heavy across the hills across northern england overnight. and on into sunday as well. with some fairly large rainfall totals. given how what it's been recently, this could provide a risk of localised flooding. as it moves into east anglia and south—east england, it will then be followed by showers and eventually, we will start to dragon some cool air looking beyond that, we could see some high pressure develop towards the south, so it could become drier in london but it will become rather unsettled further north.

i'm lewis vaughan jones in london. the headlines: world leaders prepare for the worst. britain's borisjohnson says many more families will lose loved ones to coronavirus. spectacular falls on global stock markets. wall street has its worst day since 1987, plunging 10%. i'm mariko oi in singapore. also in the programme: philippine president rodrigo duterte announces plans for a lockdown of the capital, manila, one of the world's most densely—populated cities. one year on, new zealand remembers the victims