this is bbc news — with the latest headlines — for viewers in the uk and around the world. here in the uk — more details of the tracking technology — that's meant to be used across england within a few weeks. a fundraising campaign — involving more than 30 countries — has raised more than eight billion dollars to find and fund a vaccine. joy and relief in italy as the lockdown is gradually lifted after two months. the bbc has seen draft proposals — to get the uk back to work — with staggered shift times, and reduced hot—desking. one of the prime challenges — when businesses eventually start up again — is how to travel safely to and from work.

hello and welcome to audiences in the uk and around the world. we're covering all the latest coronavirus developments here in britain and globally. the uk health secretary, matt hancock says, he's aiming to have the nhs contact—tracing smartphone app — up—and—running — in england — by the middle of this month. trials of the software are taking place from tomorrow on the south coast as of the government's test, track and trace strategy, which will be central to its efforts, in slowing the spread of coronavirus. in a moment we'll get more details from our health editor — but first let's take a look at the other main developments. an ‘online fundraising campaign‘ — involving more than 30 countries around the world, has raised more than eight billion dollars for the fight against the coronavirus pandemic. meanwhile, italy has begun to ease its strict national lockdown restrictions, brought in nearly two months ago.

millions of workers are returning to construction sites, parks have reopened — and people are now able to visit relatives, if they live in the same region. for the second day in a row russia has recorded over ten thousand new coronavirus cases. officials in moscow have been urging people to stay at home. the mayor of moscow says "the threat is apparently on the rise". in the us, president trump has accused china of a botched cover—up in its handling of the coronavirus outbreak — and of failing to co—operate with the rest of the world... and japan's prime minister shinzo abe has announced that he's extending his country's covid—i9 state of emergency until the end of may. more on those stories in a moment, with the latest in the uk, here's our health editor hugh pym. could this smartphone app be one of the ways out of lockdown restrictions? health leaders say the more people who download it and report if they are ill, the better chance of keeping the virus in check.

this week, all eyes are on the isle of wight, where there is a test run of the app to see how user—friendly it proves to be. if things go well, it is said to be launched across england within weeks. so, how does the app work? it uses a bluetooth connection. once it is installed, if you come into contact with others, that will be recorded on the phone. then if you report through the app that you have symptoms, contacts within the last seven days will be alerted through their phones and they will then need to self—isolate. so what about personal privacy? designers say downloading the app won't require any details apart from a post code and data security is at the heart of the project, though some say future development will need to be monitored. we need to ensure there is respect for core data protection principles, and, here, iwould in particular highlight purpose limitation. so that is the idea that we create something for a specific purpose and that we don't then re—purpose it.

scientists involved in the plans say the app can't do the job on its own, it has to be part of an overall strategy involving mass testing to work out who has got the virus and wear and at least 18,000 officials to do the contact tracing, especially for patients who don't have the app. when will the full test, track and trace netwear be up and running? the aim is to have the whole thing up and running by the middle of this month. we are starting already, we have started the recruitment, of the 18,000, we have thousands already recruited and we are making very rapid progress. the scottish government says it will deliver a testing and tracing strategy by the end of the month, including the use of an app, but there is a warning that this won't provide all of the answers. it is not a quick fix or a magic solution. it will have to be combined with continued physical distancing, rigorous hygiene and the appropriate use of face coverings.

and crucially, it will mean that you, the public, knowing exactly what it is we are asking you to do and why and being prepared to do it. the new measures will help the uk governments monitor progress both locally and nationally, as lockdown restrictions are eased and, as matt hancock put it, hunt down the virus. hugh pym, bbc news. an ‘online fundraising campaign‘ — involving more than 30 countries around the world, has raised more than eight billion dollars for the fight against the coronavirus pandemic. notably absent — was the united states. the european commission president — opened the meeting with this call to arms. i believe 4th may 2020 will mark a turning point in ourfight against the coronavirus. because today the world is coming together. governments from every continent will join hands. and team up with global health organisations and other experienced partners. the partners are many,

the goal is one — to defeat this virus. the pandemic is affecting every single country in the world. it has brought heartache and heartbreak, pain and suffering to millions of people. and the head of the world health organisation gave this reaction to todays news. this was a powerful and inspiring demonstration of global solidarity. today, countries came together, not only to pledge their financial support, but to also pledge their commitment to ensuring all the people can access life—saving tools for covid—i9. in italy, the first country in the world to impose a national lockdown to try to control

the pandemic, some of the toughest restrictions have been lifted, after two months of quarantine. parks, construction sites and factories are reopening, and people can visit relatives again and move around their region. but the extent of the social and economic impact of the shutdown is still unclear, as our correspondent mark lowen reports. a nation that has shed so many tears alone, can finally grieve together. in naples today, the first funerals allowed with a maximum of 15 people, as italy opens up. being unable to say goodbye or visit graves has been one of cruellest losses of the lockdown. this is a beautiful day as i can visit my son who died ten years ago, says this woman. thank you to everyone who has made it possible. i can't say anything more, i am too emotional. as the world's longest shut down of the pandemic starts to fade, outdoor exercise is now allowed.

parks and some businesses are re—opening and relatives can see each other again, with distance and masks. so finally people can visit the family members they have been stopped from seeing for eight long weeks but it does present a danger. this train has come in from milan in the region of italy worst hit by the virus. so with freedom comes the hugely increased risk of spreading the outbreak. keep your distance, they are warned, before everyone fills in a form to explain why they are here. europe's worst hit country is taking no chances. olivia last saw her daughter who lives in milan injanuary. it has felt like an eternity. resisting a motherly urge is tough. normality so near, yet so far. so it is very moving. it has been difficult to, not see her? yeah. quite a lot, yeah.

sorry. but the lockdown has left deep scars. we were taken by police to one of the roughest areas of one of the eu's poorest regions. the worry here is of organised crime preying on poverty. this man says with work stopped he may have to sell his tv to get by. there has been lots more crime since the lockdown, even kids stealing drugs and cars since they need to eat. fighting the mafia's resurgence is this priest under protection. making up boxes of supplies to stop criminal groups from stepping in instead. translation: the mafia has exploited italy's moment of weakness and this is is one of those moment, they give people help

but ask for drug dealing or money in exchange. we have to give citizens the antibodies to help themselves to stop the mafia. a health crisis has become a social one. and this is what other countries too may face, as they re—open from a lockdown that is stopping the dying, but killing the economy. here in the uk — some of the measures being considered , to allow workplaces to open again , have been seen by bbc news , and they include strict rules to protect the health of staff while at work. there's no date set for relaxing the lockdown, but the prime minister is expected to give more guidance on sunday. there are no fewer than seven draft proposals being considered by ministers at westminster. they include staggering the start—times for employees to avoid crowding in and around the workplace. staff will be helped to maintain the 2—metre social distancing rule where possible, but it's not clear how they'll be protected if not. and there's to be regular cleaning and disinfecting for work spaces and surfaces. here's our business editor simonjack. making the workplace work.

at the bentley factory, workers are returning after a seven—week lay—off. with two—metre distancing, protective equipment and temperature checks, their boss is convinced it is safe to return, even though the two—metre rule will mean working at half capacity. it is a micromanagement operation, but it is life and death if we don't get it right, so we are passionate about this and we can see a way through it for our type of operation, even with the two metres, by halving the production. but, certainly, if it can come down to one metre, that would be almost business as usualfor us. so, factories have their own specific challenges but so do other work environments, like offices. maximum number of people in the lift, one—way traffic signals throughout the workplace. in total, there are seven sets of guidelines for seven different types of working environments — but there are some common denominators. chief among them, if you don't need your employees at work, let them work from home.

other common themes include hand washing at entry and exit points, limit or stop the sharing of desks and equipment and minimise face—to—face meetings. so this is our office, there are 28 members of staff that need to sit in here. government guidelines recommend social distancing where possible. tricky, even in some office environments. if we are able to return but have to adhere to social distancing rules, that will be quite challenging. we also work in a shared office environment, so although we have got our own office, we share kitchens and bathrooms with a number of other businesses in the building, so obviously that is going to throw up more challenges as well. as we saw with health, the issue of protective equipment could prove a major problem if millions of returning employees need it at work or while travelling to and from work. where will employers get it? will they compete with the nhs for vital supplies? today's guidelines said nothing other than more details to follow.

there is a big blank section on ppe, which is absolutely critical to many workers, as we have seen all too vividly in care homes and issues like social distancing or even the provision of hand washing facilities are left as a matter of discretion for the employers. understandably, the health secretary today said the health service would take priority when it comes to ppe. this is a really important question, when we consider changes to social distancing measures, the wider impact of changes to social distancing measures, including, for instance, on ppe, and the first call on ppe must go to the nhs and social care and those other essential services. the government and employers want work to restart safely. so do many employees. but it is not that simple and government messages

have made us wary. i am desperate to get back to work, as is my husband, but i don't see any of these plans happening. i've got childcare issues. if my husband goes back to work before me, i would have to stay at home and look after our child full—time, our six—year—old and i am certainly not getting on public transport anytime soon. today's guidelines make grim reading for the hospitality industry. bars and sit down eating must remain closed. sometime soon, we may be going back to work, but not to play. simon jack, bbc news. one of the prime challenges, facing workers, when their firms or businesses eventually start up again, is how to travel safely, to and from work. our transport correspondent tom burridge has been looking at the difficulties, likely to be faced by commuters, on trains, buses and in cars, as the lockdown is lifted in different phases. manchester today and before the lockdown. social distancing easy now,

hard when crowds return. a challenge across public transport. back in november, wejoined mark on his crowded commute. like most, he is now working from home. i wouldn't be in any rush to go back on the trains. so i would just be very twitchy about it. i haven't been wearing a mask or gloves. i have seen a lot of people out and about shopping and doing that. i think if i was to use public transport, i would have to have that sort of equipment myself. at manchester piccadilly, markings on the floor show how few people can be here if the two—metre rule is respected. when restrictions lift, the number of trains and passengers will increase. we will be putting the adjustments in place to make sure that everybody can travel safely. we are working really closely with health and safety representatives from the trade unions, working closely with government, just to understand

what that will look like. parking trains up was the easy bit. bringing services back takes a lot of planning. transport bosses need to know what level of social distancing ministers want and balance that against the numbers of people who may be commuting. if, in the future, people are still expected to be at least two metres apart, it means this double—decker bus can only carry 15 people. on a single decker, it would be just five. and it is a similar picture on the trains. i am told it is likely that face coverings will be compulsory for everyone on public transport. a significant number of transport workers have died from coronavirus, 41 in london alone. among them, a father of five. today, unions said they had deep concerns for passengers and staff

over the plans to increase the number of trains running. so what will happen to our roads which have for weeks been uncharacteristically quiet? it is highly likely that many people will abandon public transport initially, but that will be equalised somewhat because 22% of drivers actually say they will drive less. but many cars have been inactive for a month or so, so they will need to check their cars out but they will need to check their minds out as well. they are not used to driving. in cities like glasgow, more money for cycle lanes and parts. popular modes of transport during the pandemic will also be popular after. tom burridge, bbc news. let's return to that global fundraiser, which has so far raised eight billion dollars, as countries unite to try and find a vaccine for coronavirus. with me is virologist and founder of the naked scientist radio programme —

doctor chris smith. also i'm joined byjoe cerrell, managing director of the bill and melita gates foundation. grateful for about the your company here on the programme. let me start with you, chris, how important a moment do you think this is a global push to find a vaccine or treatment? i think push to find a vaccine or treatment? ithinka push to find a vaccine or treatment? i think a global problem needs a global solution. we ignore other problems at our peril because a simple way to think about this is evenif simple way to think about this is even if we clean up our own yard and sweep all the dirt into the street, if the street is not clean as well, the wind willjust blow that there straight back. if we don't help everybody to solve their virus problem, no country is any better than any other country. we have all got to get together and have united effort to help this and that means helping the poor countries as well might not have the kinds of resources that we can fall back on to develop a vaccine. we have to make sure we have united effort to help everybody because in the long

run that does help all of us.|j help everybody because in the long run that does help all of us. i will come back to the four countries in a moment. joe, the us not involved in the fundraising today. how much of a setback do you think that is? -- poorer countries. today was a moment of global solidarity. we saw the contributions or commitments come from all corners of the globe. i was impressed to see leaders from china, from south africa, step up and really commit to working in partnership as chris said, that is the kind of collaboration we would need to solve this possible course we need every country on board. we need to have a global effort to solve what actually become the global issue of our time. sol solve what actually become the global issue of our time. so i am hopeful that the us can participate ina hopeful that the us can participate in a variety of ways will play is pa rt in a variety of ways will play is part and come aboard. there is a lot of parts of the us government including some of his health—related agencies that are already cooperating in the us pharmaceutical sector which is supporting some of

the development of some of the solution so we hope for increased us cooperation in the future.|j solution so we hope for increased us cooperation in the future. i should the money raised actually be spent because combat is the scientific committee asked them to decide which of the most promising areas? —— how does a scientific. they have already put this for some suggestions how they might divvy up the cash. or the docs you could say. the lime share goes on let's make a vaccine, less work to how we will scale that vaccine and work out how we will deploy that scale vaccine. put simply, make the vaccine can make enough of the vaccine and then come up enough of the vaccine and then come up with some kind of way to get it to the people who need it. that is more than half of the cash i would say in the long run going that way. there's also money set aside for things like ppe and also putting aside money to make sure we can get help or a country so they can make sure they can vaccinate their people for the reasons we've artie been outlined these things are very

expensive, making a vaccine which normally takes ten to 15 years cost about 10 billion. so to do it in ten months instead of ten years and do it for about three or 4 billion is absolutely amazing. what do you think about the timescale? we had donald trump saying data could be done by the end of the year which is a way out of kilter with most scientific minds and ship scientist be encouraged to share research or isa be encouraged to share research or is a better to press ahead individually on different labs? we've already seen unprecedented amount of cooperation amongst the scientific world. i think we have seena scientific world. i think we have seen a commitment to work in partnership to make sure that some of that knowledge is shared because it is in the world interest to try and find a vaccine as soon as possible. i think what viewers need to recognise is that we may in fact have vaccine in a pretty short period of time, but what we need to also come to grips with is the realisation that we have to build

manufacturing capability in order to ensure that we have a supply that really makes it available to the re st of really makes it available to the rest of the world. it is an incredible scientific endeavour but it isjust as big as logistics distribution manufacturing endeavour thatis distribution manufacturing endeavour that is really something that today proximate effort was important, this isa proximate effort was important, this is a down payment on what will be a much larger set of assets that will come in the future. very much two stages to this. the manufacturing a whole stage in a cell. chris, in terms of the focus so much vaccines, but therapy, modifying existing drugs, might that turn out to be better short term do you think as an objective? yes. they obviously think so. objective? yes. they obviously think so. also air marking a chunk of the money to diverge into looking for new therapies. —— earmarking a chunk. an existing therapy. this might turn up a win, the idea behind doing this is there are many drugs which have artie gone through the millare which have artie gone through the mill are being tried tested and their side effect profile very much

understated people and although those drugs have been developed for the purposes, sometimes by chance you can find just that have the side effect of that drugs the ability to combat another problem. it might be a heart problem, a metabolic problem oi’ a heart problem, a metabolic problem or another infection. so what scientists are actively pursuing a potential drug that could be repurposed in this way to combat coronavirus and we are throwing things like artificial intelligence at the problem because you can look at the problem because you can look at the problem because you can look at the structures of the molecules of the drugs we already have on the shelves and we know how coronavirus is grown in sales and we can ask a question to any of these molecules look like they might throw a spanner in the coronavirus works and if the a nswer in the coronavirus works and if the answer is yes we in the coronavirus works and if the answer is yes we can in the coronavirus works and if the answer is yes we can try them and some of them are already being tested. their child going on for a range of different drugs some of which are showing more promise than others and also remdesivir which was made by gilead, the pharmaceutical company for the ebola crisis. he didn't show much promise against ebola but it is looking like it is returning some value in this new coronavirus infection. do you agree

with what you just heard from chris, joe? when you look at that and look at what the existing treatments are, you're talking about rest, paracetamol, oxygen, but it is really clear with coronavirus how little there is in the locker when it comes to treatment. yes. we have to pursue on every front. it is promising to see some of the progress that we are making against some of these therapeutic some of the strokes that can really have a huge impact. a wellcome trust has been an important partner and the development of this new therapeutics with the gates foundation has contributed to the and hopefully should get some therapies that are going to help people have more tools in the arsenal. i will say to that the gates foundation is proud to be working with the uk government on a moment coming up, june four, the uk is hosting a replenishment of an organisation which helps provide 273 poor countries around the in some

real leadership on the part of the uk very important also that it is find it because it will be them to help provide the vaccines to the poorest countries. the briefest of thoughts, 50 seconds each are we assuming there will be a vaccine? is that dangerous because we all know of areas diseases where that is still eludes us decades on? we are a resilient and resourceful bunch of humans. they are more than 100 projects trying to develop vaccines, a hundred irons in the fire, so even with a 10% success rate we should get at least some that have some reasonable chance of being successful. i am reasonably optimistic that we will get there. successful. i am reasonably optimistic that we will get therelj am optimistic that we will get there.” am really confident we will get a vaccine. we have made progress against vaccines against coronavirus. this is a world war where we are all on the same side. we have the scientific ingenuity and governments that are demonstrating today and left her with so i really think we will get a vaccine soon. we

have rented a time, but they get for your time from thank you forjoining us. your time from thank you forjoining us. i'm back in a moment with more. do not go away. hello there. temperatures are set to climb over the next few days. by the end of this week, some spots in the south could be into the middle 20s without a of sunshine on the way. and also some rain in our forecast. quite a lot of rain the far southwest of the uk tonight. and very strong winds, a yellow warning across west wales and proctor southwest england, the western side of dartmoor and cornwall we could see gusts of 55 boss per very heavy bricks of rain it to devon, and the channel islands as well. further north, daytime showers will fade. it will be dry with some clear spells. and further north, and scotland, winds will be light, it will be very chilly to start tomorrow morning at temperatures in some spots with the

below freezing, much milder down towards the south. we have our brisk winds and our frontal system still bringing some outbreaks of rain through the morning. heavy rain at that across parts of south wales and the southwest of england but frontal system is running into a big block of high pressure. see how our rain make very little progress and northwards and it will break apart and we can as the day wears on and from north wales in the midlands and east anglian air northwards, it should be dry with plenty of sunshine. the highest temperatures the west wales and england and the western side of scotland at 17 or 18 degrees. rather chilly for the southwest. and for some north sea coast. heading onto wednesday come and another frontal system trying to push its way and, likely to graze the odd shower into cornwall, a bee western counties of northern ireland. further ease, it will be dry, with spells of sunshine and temperatures just showing signs of nudging upwards and up to around 18

or19 nudging upwards and up to around 18 or 19 or 20 degrees. a sign of things to come getting in the thursday and friday. that said the lick flow of wind across the uk, fairly light, and warm air being brought up. —— suddenly flow of one. temperatures will be height across southern areas. 2425 possible. for the them a bit more settled in showers and it starts to be cooler as well. watch what happens for the weekend. a plunge of unusually cold aircome weekend. a plunge of unusually cold air come exceptionally cold for this time of the year. it will feel much chillier and even be some wintry showers.

this is bbc news with the latest headlines for viewers in the uk and around the world. here in the uk — more details of the tracking technology — that's meant to be used across england within a few weeks. a fundraising campaign — involving more than 30 countries — has raised more than 8 billion dollars to find and fund a vaccine. joy and relief in italy as the lockdown is gradually lifted after 2 months. the bbc has seen draft proposals — to get the uk back to work — with staggered shift times, and reduced hot—desking one of the prime challenges — when businesses eventually start up again — is how to travel safely to and from work.

hello and welcome to audiences in the uk and around the world. we're covering all the latest coronavirus developments here in britain and globally. let's take a closer look at developments here in the uk, the health secretary, matt hancock, led today's daily press conference from the government. he confirmed that the nhs contract tracing app will be trialled this week in the isle of wight, starting tomorrow with nhs staff first, and appealed to anyone living on the island to download the app. but he stressed that this pilot does not mean the end of social distancing. the health secretary says, that 85,186 coronavirus tests were provided in some form on sunday, that's below the government's 100,000 tests—a—day target. the number of people who have died with confirmed coronavirus across the uk has risen by 288. that brings the total number

of deaths to 28,734. the health secretary said, the reported figure could be lower than the actual number, because of delays in reporting weekend deaths. let's speak to our political correspondent iain watson. he is listening to that daily briefing and what was your analysis in terms of what you have heard, the headlines? i think undoubtedly about the introduction of the new app which has been violated out and isle of light, the government seems to think this is a good way of finding out how accurate it is likely to be and it will be used in contact tracing and people will be able to know if it came close to people who have reported symptoms of the disease and suggesting it could be rolled out across the whole country by the middle of may. also they are emphasising very strongly that this is only one part of the contact

tracing effort and they are recreating people to physically try to find contact as well as a way of getting in control of the virus. one other thing about the press conference is that we have had deaths reported then the whole preceding month of april and that is interesting because that may give the government a little bit more leeway when it comes to reviewing its restrictions and a review of the lockdown on thursday and sunday, the prime minister is good to set out a reopening of britain road map and not sending out a swift return to normal. thank you very much and let's pick up on what we were hearing, the issue of contact trust that mike tracing. with me is professor sir chris ham, who is a health policy academic.

he is the non executive chair of the coventry and warwirckshire sustainability and transformation partnership and also the non executive director of royal free hospitals. thank you forjoining us on the programme and those who are listening on the strategy of contract tracing, how does it work with the basic principles? basic principles is that we identify people who tested positive and then we find out who they have been in contact with in the recent past. we then contact the people involved and make sure they are not infected or if they are, we asked them to self—isolate for the right period of time to avoid the transmission again which would take us back to square one where the lockdown was announced so this approach on testing and contact tracing is fundamental as the government plans to relax the lockdown to protect all of us from losing the games that we have achieved in recent weeks. interns

only —— of linking at to basic testing, does that type of thing have to be part of that equation? testing is fundamental if you go back to february and the early stages this is exactly what the government was then dealing with the nhs, every person in this first weeks who became infected and was tested obviously and there contacts where trace and they were then tested and self isolation came in and that is what protected us in those early weeks but we got to a point where there was rapid transmission and it became less feasible to continue with that approach hence the search we have seenin approach hence the search we have seen in recent weeks and the pressure on our hospitals. the nhs has responded magnificently and we got through that surge and we are past the peak now and we can contemplate more easily relaxing the lockdown and relaxing their

restrictions. we have to isolate people if they are infected and their contacts that they are infected as well and they will be much more targeted and get a better balance between protecting the population on one hand and restarting the economy and letting people get back to more normal ways of life on the other hand copy said they are fundamental. in terms of practicality as it is important for detail of this in the understanding of 18,000 people would be employed in various call centres and what about local health workers, how worker to make important is that and where our local health workers in this equation? that is not very clear at the moment and that is my concern. this is a national programme on contact tracing which is led by, public health england and the local knowledge rests in our councils, the environmental health

officers and staff involved in health services that have an enormous experience and contact tracing and at the moment they are not designed and how the system will operate unless public health england gets its health together very —— gets its health together very —— gets its health together very —— gets its act together very quickly, we cannot become family will have a system in place to give us the assurance that we need. as ec that represents a flock? that is a real flop because councils are the places that understand their local communities and this is not a single national pandemic that played out and national pandemic that played out a nd exa ctly national pandemic that played out and exactly the same way and there are local outbreaks and variations and it is essential that local councils are at the forefront of this work. what about the outsourcing of these private call centres, operators said to be

involved and how potentially problematic do you think that aspect is because with every stage in every pa rt is because with every stage in every part of this, at least ministers, they are in front of camera taking responsibility on testing or ppe but if you have outsourcing to a different company and have potential problems, then you do not have potentially someone who is directly responsible, du? outsourcing may work if the companies involved hired the right people and give them the proper training and then that is quality assured by starting from the position we already have nhs111 which is widely used by the public when we need advice and support, also the local authorities have their own call centres because they are very skilled in developing that particular way of communicating to their populations and my preference would be to start with what we have

both nhs and local government and go down this group of outsourcing with companies that have a mixed record of delivering quality services in the private sector. in terms of the app and the amount of people who need to use it to download the app to make this whole thing work, that is still a assumption is intent? to make this whole thing work, that is still a assumption is intent7m is still a assumption is intent7m is being trialed at the moment and i'll of white —— isle of wight. so we will have to see the proof of concept as a result of this trial on the isle of wight but frankly contact tracing is about the people who are doing it, and local government and whoever else is invited into play a part. we need to get that component right. thank you so much for taking the time to join

us on the programme. with the coronavirus pandemic widely believed to have started at an animal market in wuhan, researchers are studying the global trade in wildlife as they try and find out how it leapt species to humans. there are now calls for all wildlife markets to be banned as our science correspondent victoria gill has been finding out. captured to be sold. the global trade in wildlife is now under new scrutiny as the possible origin of this pandemic, because before the first human case, the coronavirus moved undetected across the species barrier. genetic clues all point to a virus found in wild bats as the source, but working out exactly how the spill—over from wildlife into humans happened, isn't straightforward. part of the structure of every virus is essentially a key that unlocks the specific cell that it needs to get inside. now, if you imagine each of these padlocks is from a different species cell, they might require a different key.

but some very different species actually share the same lock on their cells, and in the case of the coronavirus the key from the bat virus fits and unlocks some human cells. but how did it reach that first human cell that it unlocked? its access was most likely not directly from bats, but via another intermediate host, an animal infected first that people came into close contact with. but scientists haven't yet worked out what species passed covid—19 to a human, or whether that animal was for sale in the now infamous wildlife market in wuhan. at the moment there is nothing that's terribly convincing about finding what the intermediate host was. and indeed, the intermediate host may never be found. but mixing large numbers of species under poor hygienic and welfare conditions, and species that wouldn't normally come close together, that gives opportunities for pathogens to jump from species to species.

in previous outbreaks that intermediate species has been found. camels and palm civets have provided the likely route to humans for the closely related viruses mers and sars. and scientists have found clues about this chain of transmission in a list of animals, including rare and widely trafficked pangolins. but when wildlife is traded not only in china, but in almost every country, breaking those chains is a global challenge. this area needs real attention. there have been various campaigns to ban all traded animals. typically what you do then is you penalise some of the poorest in the world already further, and in many cases all you'll do by introducing measures like that is to drive any trade underground. health experts say that measures to reduce the risk of an outbreak, monitoring trade and screening for disease, have to be put in place globally if they're to work. this pandemic may have finally shown us the real cost of the alternative. victoria gill, bbc news.

let's turn to the united states... while around half of us states a re partially reopening their economies, massachussets is yet to lift any of its lockdown restrictions. the state has issued a statewide order asking people to wear masks in public. it has so far recorded more than 66,000 coronavirus cases. dr daniela lamas is a critical care doctor at brigham and women's hospital in boston. shejoined me earlier from the hospital's intensive care unit, where she had just finished doing her morning rounds. they really has been a lot of shifts since the beginning of march and the second week of march or so we started to have a few cases and then those numbers started to increase significantly to specifically an hour and significantly to specifically an hourand our significantly to specifically an hour and our intensive care units, we had around 90 patients with covid—19 and now the number is

plateaued and started to come down a little but the patients that we have remaining are all very sick and many, most all intubated and as a doctor you want to spend time with their patients and you want to be in their patients and you want to be in the room and do a full physical exam in the morning and return in the afternoon particularly for those patients who might be awake or waking up and therefore scared but when you don't want to be in the room and when you know that being in the room both uses valuable personal protective equipment and put yourself at risk when you are explicitly supposed to limit the amount of time in the room and means you limit the amount of time with your patient and it means you are a less good doctor than you want to be. there is real isolation with patients with covid—19 and what about the whole area of reinfection because i gather that you dealt with a patient recently that you thought was negative but tested positive ain? was negative but tested positive again? we had a number of patients he turned negative and then there is

a question notjust in the hospital but patients who are then positive again and the question is whether we are getting better at testing and the tests are sensitive but there are many different tasks whether on the as someone who is clearing an infection, whether there is remaining rna being picked up whether it is meaningful in the outside world and said there are lots of questions as people are clearing covid—19, there are questions on how frequently we will test and whether it will mean someone is posing a risk to those around them so there are open questions around testing that we are figuring out. the place to reopen new zealand and how wearing is that for you working nicu, dealing with people who absolutely are still coming in in huge numbers?” people who absolutely are still coming in in huge numbers? i think

there are real trade—offs and clearly we cannot remain in our homes isolated the way we are forever. bess was placing a pause button and you cannot place pause forever. that being said my hope is that we will have ramped up testing to do broad testing in ways that we still cannot do that well, tracing to be able to trace the contacts of those he tests positive and isolate. we see people who come and who had loved ones of covid—19 but they are living in the same home and is impossible so a lot of them get sick. so we need to make headway at least in some of these components and then reopen slowly. and expect we will see more cases. we definitely well, the question is will we be more equipped to deal with them that we were the first time around. so what's the hardest part

of coping with the virus? is it discovering how aggressive the disease can be? having a machine breath for you in intensive care? or not seeing your children for more than a month? for sam emmonds from portsmouth here in the uk, it was probably all three of those. but the good news is that sam got to go home today having beaten coronavirus. david allard was there as sam was discharged from queen alexandra hospital after 5 weeks. when a hug says it all. sam has not seen herfamily when a hug says it all. sam has not seen her family for five weeks. came out of hospital, fighting covid—19. i have come out of the other side and today is the best day of my life because i'm going home. we were invited to speak to her before she was discharged this morning. sheet told us she developed covid—19 despite working from home for a month and excited when she had trouble breathing. so i found my doctor and they gave me steroids and antibiotics spent two days later i

was out that are my husband found an ambulance andi was out that are my husband found an ambulance and i remember coming into ambulance and i remember coming into a nanny and going up to another ward and then being taken down to be put to sleep and be ventilated and that is it. she woke up almost three weeks later and during that time she had been in intensive care and had a tea of inserted and her neck so imaging could help her breathe. tea of inserted and her neck so imaging could help her breathem was surreal and it is a bit surreal now really. if it is not really me, iam now really. if it is not really me, i am watching something on that television. # i will get by with a little help from my friends. this was another surreal moment, the singer performing just for sam. something i will treasure forever, i told him thank you and i am doing well and he messaged me back. that was for the

nhs in my friend sam. and emotional goodbye. people who have been involved in the journey have come around to wish her well and that is resonating throughout the hospital and we wish her well.” resonating throughout the hospital and we wish her well. i cannot thank them enough, without their care and support it probably would have been a lot harder and i'll come might have been different. how are you feeling? good. we really miss her a lot. what did you miss most about your mum please leave the hugs. lot. what did you miss most about your mum please leave the hugsm has been stressful but it is good. what message would you want your story to convey to the public about covid—19? story to convey to the public about covid-19? stick to the lockdown situation, stay home and stay safe. i was at home for a month before i got it and it still got me. it is

not fussy, here it gets and if it is going to get you it will get you. a powerful account. let's get some of the day's other news japan's prime minister, shinzo abe, has extended the country's state of emergency until the end of may — amid warnings, that relaxing lockdown measures too early, could risk another wave of infections. the state of emergency, was due to be lifted on wednesday, the last day of a week—long national holiday. the government in malaysia has eased restrictions on movement and businesses, for the first time in six weeks, despite concerns from nine of the country's 13 states. most businesses are now allowed to re—open in an attempt to stem economic losses from the virus. shareholders of the budget airline — norwegian — have given their approval, to a major re—structuring plan. the norwegian government agreed to offer a financial lifeline worth $290 million — but only if the carrier could reach a deal with its lenders, to reduce its substantial debts. that has now been achieved.

one more item on the programme before we finish. it is one of africa's most famous songs. miriam makayba's — pata pata — which translates as touch, touch. it's long been an iconic song. but in the time of coronavirus — unicef and the singer angelique kidjo havejoined forces to give the song's message, a covid—19 makeover. here's the original and the new version — have a look. singing.

# stay at home and wear it out. # stay at home and wear it out. # this is what we have to do. i'm glad to say angelique joins us from her home in paris. welcome here to the programme, i loved watching all of this as i was preparing for this, congratulations first of all and it is a fantastic version you have done. tell me more about how this idea came about. version you have done. tell me more about how this idea came aboutm came about the fact that people are living in rural areas that have no internet and no tv and will not have the message of covid—19 and idea with the use the celebratory song for centuries. a long time i would say and have the biggest hit from africa to tell the message of do not touch your face africa to tell the message of do not touch yourface come africa to tell the message of do not touch your face come out wash her hands and keep your physical distance. it is important for you to know what is going on. the information is available through at least right now thousands of radio

stations across africa and the video is yet to come because we are asking people to dance to this song with the body and sign language with people. coming back to dancing in a moment but those around the world who are not familiar with the original, this is a massive hit and she was one of your great inspirations she? she was my godmother of music. i called her my mama because she is mine it gave me that consciousness in africa and dreaming to become the woman, the wife and mother and a star. all of that as possible. herfaith wife and mother and a star. all of that as possible. her faith cannot only be and marrying someone that someone decided. she has got me to the point where i realise also that her activism and dedication to play it and into apartheid. she was the

first african act to stand in front of the un and say my country... those things allowed me to become the person that i am today and this song the fight goes on, the enemy we have right now is covid—19. song the fight goes on, the enemy we have right now is covid-19. there are so many personal connections, the one you described that you lost a really close friend to covid—19, didn't you? i have lost to. and has been difficult i have to say. and i suppose that is replicated the world over, we have a quarter of a million deaths and in terms of the basic message that this gets across, and terms of those lyrics how did those come about? did you write the date lyrics or did unicef? unicef had the right for a year and i was sceptical to put any english lyrics on that and it comes back it sounds

absolutely perfect and the person did a good job, the message is clear and it is simple and if you want to make this kind of message with a popular song, and has to be simple, joyful. you say joyful and when you dance in this video, it is so joyful, even though it is very much a closed environment and what unicef wa nts a closed environment and what unicef wants people to film themselves and they will release this video, when will they do that? we are seeing you but also the bbc‘s reporter who found herself doing it. when will that video come out? it will come out i think need to make, they want to get it with other things and the thing with dancing is that i learned from the traditional musician and my country, the message can be painful

but as long as we dance the message, we ta ke but as long as we dance the message, we take the reality and... we are out of time but thank you so much for your time, out of time but thank you so much foryourtime, iam out of time but thank you so much for your time, i am done and we will see you next time. goodbye. hello there, temperatures are set to climb over the next two days and by the end of this week some spots in the end of this week some spots in the south could be into the middle 20 celsius and there is a lot of sunshine on the way but also some rain and the forecast. quite a lot of rain across the far south of the uk and very strong winds, and that office warning and the western side office warning and the western side of dartmoor and we could see gusts of dartmoor and we could see gusts of 55 mph and a very heavy bursts of rain and into the channel islands as well. further north, daytime showers will fade and dry through the night with some clear styles and further north you are particularly in scotland, where winds will be light,

chilli to start and some temperatures will dip below freezing and much milder in down towards the south. still some outbreaks of rain through the morning and across south wells, the southwest of england but the frontal system is running into a block of high pressure so see how the raindance make very little progress through the day and will tend to break apart, as it tends to wea ken tend to break apart, as it tends to weaken as the day goes on. it should be dry with plenty of sunshine but the highest temperatures west wells and northwest england in the western sky stomach side of scotland, chilly for the southwest of england and some north sea coast. heading into wednesday with another frontal system trying to push its way and am likely to graze the odd shower and maybe western counties of northern ireland but further east it will be predominantly dry with temperatures

showing signs of upwards of 19 and 20 degrees. certainly when we get into thursday and friday, southerly flow of winds across the uk and light winds at that but warm air being brought up from the south and temperatures will be highest across southern areas 24 or 25 degrees possible on friday but further north u nsettled possible on friday but further north unsettled and at times starting to turn a bit cooler as well. watch what happens for the weekend, a plunge of unusually cold air, exceptionally cold for this time of year and much chillier and could even be some wintry showers.

hello, i'm babita sharma. this is outside source on bbc news for viewers in the uk and around the world. we're covering all the latest coronavirus developments here in britain and globally. world leaders from 30 countries pledge $8 billion to help develop a coronavirus vaccine at an online summit. the president of the eu commission calls it the start of unprecedented global co—operation. the 4th of may 2020 will mark a turning point in ourfight against the coronavirus.