hello, i'm babita sharma. this is outside source on bbc news, for viewers in the uk and around the world. we're covering all the latest coronavirus developments here in britain and globally. world leaders from 30 countries pledge $8 billion to help develop a coronavirus vaccine at an online summit. president of the eu commission calls it the start of unprecedented global co—operation. the partners are many, the goal is one, to defeat this virus. millions of people in the uk

will soon be asked to track their movements as part of a new contact tracing app — the government wants to roll it out later this month. italians have gone back to work for the first time since the country imposed a national lockdown two months ago — but the economic and social impact is yet to be measured. scientists have discovered a microbe that completely protects mosquitoes from being infected with malaria — we hear from a scientist on how significant this could be in controlling the disease. welcome. the european commission has launched a global campaign to find a cure for the coronavirus. it says research must be supported by global cooperation if the effort is to succeed. in just a few hours, the eu secured $8 billion in pledges — contributed by world leaders to accelerate the hunt for a vaccine. $1 billion will come from the eu itself, which the commission president says will also go towards developing tests and treatment for covid—19. the 4th of may 2020 will mark a turning point in ourfight

against the coronavirus, because today the world is coming together. governments from every continent willjoin hands and team up with global health organisations and other experienced partners. the partners are many, the goal is one, to defeat this virus. world leaders from 30 countries dialled into the summit, announcing their pledges one by one via videolink. norway committed to $1 billion. angela merkel and emmanuel macron pledged half a billion from germany and france each, while non—eu members from the uk and japan to saudi arabia and south africa vowed to contribute too. our europe correspondent gavin lee sent this update. it's probably no coincidence that the people who make eurovision, ebu, and it's not on this year, perhaps it makes up for the fact that there was more than a nod i think to the way they were doing this, with ursula von der leyen

crossing from paris to germany, saying merci, gracias to the french and spanish premiers, many technical problems in there as well. every time she crossed across the globe. it was either pre—recorded or a life pitch, there was a message from the leader, for example emmanuel macron, the french president, saying this has to be for a vaccine that is universal, for everyone to use in this $8 billion that has to be something everyone can access and it is affordable. with that came a pitch from every single country. one country notably absent from the summit was the us. the trump administration says that thanks to its own efforts — dubbed ‘0peration warp speed' — the us is working urgently to develop a cure for the virus. last night, president trump predicted that american firms would develop a vaccine by the end of the year — although he acknowledged the projection was his own — and a shorter timeline than the one doctors

from his own administration are working with. we are pushing very hard. we are building supply lines now, we don't even have the final vaccine. johnson &johnson, if you look atjohnson &johnson is doing it, we have many companies are i think close, because i knit with the heads of them and ifind it a very interesting subject because it's so important. but i think we will have a vaccine by the end of the year. i asked our state department correspondent barbara plett—usher what happened when administration officials were today pressed at a briefing to explain why the us wasn't taking part in the scheme. they were asked that actually four times, and they didn't give us a clear answer at all. instead, we were blasted by statistics about what they were doing and declarations that the us is at the forefront, of the international fight against covid—i9, the main international donor, and the numbers are impressive stop

they sent $6.5 billion if you put together what the government and the private sector is giving to fight the pandemic. they said they were already giving money to many of these organisations for which the vaccine conference was raising money and that this was not about pulling back from multilateral institutions, quite the reverse, they were coordinating with the g7 and the g20 and would continue working together with european partners, so all of that sounded like an explanation for why they should have been at the conference really. it might have been an explanation as to who was there, the chinese were there, and the trump administration has stepped up its criticism of china, accusing it of covering up crucial me information at the beginning of the outbreak, which then led to a growing worldwide, but also the world health 0rganisation was there and the trump administration has cut off the who, saying it is not an effective body and it should have challenge china about the information it was getting. but i'm reading between the lines, we were definitely not given a clear answer like that, it was not spelt out. whether us was not there.

why the us was not there. i suppose that so you can do. i suppose that's all you can do. they were talking about operation warp speed, the vaccination programme. what did they say about what the us is doing in its own vaccine programme, and covid—i9 research in general? again, we were told they were extremely active on the vaccination front, they were giving billions and billions of dollars, again both the government and the private sector, towards research on drugs and so on, and the point was made to them it is notjust about money of course, this is about international coordination of a vaccine and shouldn't the us be there? again, they came back to us, saying we have put out reams of research and resources, so they said, 52,000 pages of scientific articles on covid—i9 that were being used around the world, they had unleashed supercomputers that were being used in public private partnerships with technology companies and with universities and this had led to dozens of research projects again that involved international participation. so we did get a full—throated description of the us being very

active on this front, just not being active at a global conference on finding a vaccine. 0k, barbara, thank you very much for the update. later in the programme, we'll look at how countries around the world are beginning to lift some of their restrictions. but first — let's update you on some of the developments here in the uk. today, the british government announced a new contact—tracing smartphone app that it aims to roll out nationwide later this month. it is being trialled this week in the isle of wight, as part of the government's test, track and trace strategy, which will be central to its efforts in slowing the spread of coronavirus. our health editor, hugh pym, reports. so how does the app work? it uses a bluetooth connection. 0nce it is installed, if you come into contact with others, that will be recorded on the phone. if you record you have symptoms, contacts within the last seven days will be alerted through their phones and they will then

need to self—isolate. so what about personal privacy? designers say downloading the app won't require any details apart from a postcode, and data security is at the heart of the project, though some say future development will need to be monitored. we need to ensure that there is respect for core data protection principles, and here i would in particular highlight purpose limitation, so that is the idea that we create something for a specific purpose and that we then don't re—purpose it. scientists involved in the plan say the app can't do the job on its own. that has to be part of an overall strategy, involving less testing to work out who has got the virus and where, and at least 18,000 officials to do the contact tracing, especially for patients who don't have the app. at today's coronavirus briefing, the health secretary matt hancock announced that on sunday 85,186 coronavirus tests were carried out across the uk, below the government daily target of 100,000. as of today, another 288 people had died after testing positive for coronavirus. it brings the total number of these deaths in the uk so far to 28,734. and also today, the uk tax

service says as of midnight on sunday 6.3 million people are on the government furlough scheme, keeping people in employment while businesses remain shut because of coronavirus. our business editor simonjack has been looking at how to get people back to work safely in the midst of a pandemic. making the workplace work. at the bentley factory, workers are returning after a seven—week lay—off. with two—metre distancing, protective equipment and temperature checks, their boss is convinced it is safe to return, even though the two—metre rule will mean working at half capacity. it is a micromanagement operation, but it is life and death if we don't get it right, so we are passionate about this

and we can see a way through it for our type of operation, even with the two metres, by halving the production. but, certainly, if it can come down to one metre, that would be almost business as usualfor us. in total, there are seven sets of guidelines for seven different types of working environments — but there are some common denominators. chief among them, if you don't need your employees at work, let them work from home. other common themes include hand washing at entry and exit points, limit or stop the sharing of desks and equipment and minimise face—to—face meetings. as we saw with health, the issue of protective equipment could prove a major problem if millions of returning employees need it at work or while travelling to and from work. where will employers get it? will they compete with the nhs for vital supplies? today's guidelines said nothing other than more details to follow. the prime minister is expected to give more details on what relaxing the uk's lockdown

will look like on sunday. here's our political editor laura kuenssberg on what to expect. broadly, it will not be quick and not straightforward, and when we do here from boris johnson not straightforward, and when we do here from borisjohnson on sunday, i think what he will be doing is sketching out a menu, a possible route out of all of this, rather than clicking his fingers and telling us it is certainly all over, and infact telling us it is certainly all over, and in fact the first minister in edinburgh, nicola sturgeon, said today she expected to be renewing the current restrictions on thursday, and it is unlikely that a uk government wouldn't also do that. the two double —— the david guetta map government as well as wales and northern ireland having tried to stick together as much as possible so stick together as much as possible so they will be nothing like flinging the door open at any time soon. stay with us on 0ustide source, still to come: we'll take a look at the different approaches taken by individual governments as countries begin to ease their coronavirus restrictions and return to a ‘new normalcy‘.

the scottish government hopes to have a testing and tracing system to suppress coronavirus in place by the end of may. thousands of contact tracing staff are to be taken on, and new digital tools including an app are being developed. here's first minister, nicola sturgeon speaking earlier. it is not a quick fix or a magic solution. it will have to be combined with continued physical distance and, rigorous hygiene and the appropriate use of face coverings, and crucially it will mean you, the public, knowing exactly what it is we're asking you to do and why, and being prepared to do it. that means if you have symptoms you need to recognise them and be willing to isolate, contact the nhs and get tested, and also be prepared to share details of anyone you have been in contact with. and for all of us, it will mean being prepared to isolate for 14 days if we have contacted, , if we are contacted and told we have been in close proximity

to someone with the virus. this is 0utside source, live from the bbc newsroom. world leaders from thirty countries pledge $8 billion to help develop a coronavirus vaccine at an online summit. the eu commission president has called it the start of unprecedented global co—operation. a raft of countries have started to ease their lockdowns. in each case the decision has followed the rate of infection beginning to fall. ros atkins has been looking at what's happening. it is interesting to let country by country at the different tactics of dealing with this pandemic. thanks babita. yes, in the same way each country's infection and death rates have been different, so the governments's responses are also proving to be

different. let's start with italy. four and a half million italians are back at work. after almost two months of lockdown, the restrictions are being eased — a little. construction sites and parks are open again — and, perhaps most importantly — people can visit relatives, though only if they live in the same region. there's also one big difference from life before — everyone going out has to wear a facemask. let's hear from naples in the south of italy. mark lowen is there. a nation that has shed so many tears alone, can finally grieve together. in naples today, the first funerals allowed with a maximum of 15 people, as italy opens up. being unable to say goodbye or visit graves has been one of cruellest losses of the lockdown. as the world's longest shut down of the pandemic starts to fade, outdoor exercise is now allowed. parks and some businesses are re—opening and relatives can see each other again, with distance and masks. so finally people can visit the family members they have been stopped from seeing for eight long

weeks but it does present a danger. this train has come in from milan in the region of italy worst hit by the virus. so with freedom comes the hugely increased risk of spreading the outbreak. keep your distance, they are warned, before everyone fills in a form to explain why they are here. europe's worst hit country is taking no chances. 0livia last saw her daughter who lives in milan injanuary. resisting a motherly urge is tough. normality so near, yet so far. so it is very moving. it has been difficult to not see her? yeah. quite a lot, yeah. sorry. but the lockdown has left deep scars. we were taken by police to one of the roughest areas of one of the eu's poorest regions.

the worry here is of organised crime preying on poverty. this carpenter says with work stopped he may have to sell his tv to get by. there has been lots more crime since the lockdown, even kids stealing drugs and cars since they need toe eat. since they need to eat. translation: the mafia has exploited italy's moment of weakness and this is is one of those moment, they give people help but ask for drug dealing or money in exchange. a health crisis has become a social one. and this is what other countries too may face, as they re—open from a lockdown that is stopping the dying, but killing the economy.

here in poland, they are reopening museums, hotels and shopping centres like the one behind me, which have been close now for seven weeks. the number of customers is limited, and they must observe social distancing and wear face coverings and protective gloves. poland was quick to introduce a strick lockdown, and the number of coronavirus infections and deaths here is much, much lower than in many western european countries. that's why the government is slowly easing the restrictions to restart the economy. but the number of cases is still rising, and many parents are worried it is not safe yet to send their children back to nurseries and preschools when they reopen later this week. here in austria, all of the shops are now open again, including hairdressers, barbers and beauty salons, and the individual recommendations that people stay at home, except for a few key reasons, have expired,

which means that people are free to leave their homes, although when they are in public they are being asked to keep at least one metre's distance from everybody else. you are now allowed to have an event with a gathering of up to ten people, but if you want to go to a shop or use public transport, you have to use a basic face mask, covering your nose and mouth. now, if everything goes well, the government says that restaurants and cafes could reopen by the middle of may, but they've also warned that they are ready to slam on the brakes if infections start rising again. the government in lebanon has lifted some restrictions on movement and allowed certain types of businesses to open up again, provided that everyone will follow strictly the role of social distancing. this is part of a five—phase plan the government has set out for the gradual opening up of the country that willend in mid—june. where even the airports will resume operation. but that is depending on weekly

assessment that the government is carrying out on covid—19. here in the capital beirut you can also feel the vibe of the city has changed, where people are going out and about, feeling more relaxed about the situation, but the economy was hit hard. thousands of people lost theirjobs and their income during the lockdown, which pushed hundreds of people into the streets protesting again. here in nigeria, after a five—week lockdown, the government is reopening the economy, the largest in africa. beginning from this monday here in the capital, abuja, as well as the commercial hub lagos, banks, construction sites and government offices like the building behind me, federal secretariat, are reopening. markets are partially reopening too. workers in food processing and agricultural sector are going back to work, but a nationwide dusk to dawn curfew has been imposed, though authorities say people must wearface masks while in public, adhere to social distancing rules and take other safety measures.

however, schools, religious centres and parks remain closed and large gatherings have also been totally banned, as nigeria eases the lockdown gradually, medical experts are urging caution. the situation is dicey and the virus continues to spread. next to spain. bearing in mind, it is making all of these moves as its daily death toll continues to fall sharply. germany too has allowed hairdressers to open, as you can see. people are having to queue with the appropriate social distance. we also know some schools have opened as well and the country's widespread testing is being credited with helping it to do pretty well in controlling the virus. so things are easing in these countries and there will be more of that elsewhere in the coming weeks no doubt. it is

though helpful to keep a couple of things in mind as we watch this. the first is that this is the start of a new, much longer phase, where countries will adapt restrictions according to infection and death rates. tomorrow spain's language, it isa rates. tomorrow spain's language, it is a new normal but let's be clear, it is not normal as we knew it. the second point is that scientists still know relatively little about this virus. we saw this quote. and there are nine innings in a baseball game. the point being that this easing of the lockdown is, at best, is the end of the beginning. scientists and politicians want to know what level of freedom we can live with without seeing the rate of fatalities increase sharply again. and no—one's sure what the answer is. thank you very much, more from you later in the programme.

brazil has been hardest hit by coronavirus in latin america. there are now more than 105,000 coronavirus cases, and more in the middle of the rainforest, the virus has taken hold. this is manaus, the biggest city in the amazon, where they are digging vast graves known as trenches. how else can overwhelm the authorities cope with the numbers of people dying? manaus is at breaking point. it has one of the highest infection rates in the country, and one of the most underfunded health systems. this video shot inside one of the hospitals shows body bags lying next to those gravely ill. manaus is home to those gravely ill. manaus is home to many indigenous communities, where poverty, malnutrition and displacement make tackling the virus an even bigger challenge. vander is

an even bigger challenge. vander is an indigenous health assistant, supporting residents who are sick. history has told people here that viruses from outside bring devastation. one of their few defences now, home—made masks. much more is needed to protect them. translation: we already have lots of people in the community with symptoms, but we don't have a doctor here. we don't have a nurse who looks after us. indigenous communities in the cities struggle to access health services and they are struggling to work too. those living deep in the rainforest face even bigger challenges. the closest medical help is often days away by boat. some communities have shut themselves away, fearful of contagion. protection agencies are no longer on the ground, and that has huge consequences in a country where illegal loggers and miners have been emboldened by a government set on developing the amazon. translation: we can't forget the

attacks that keep happening and are never resolved. covid—19 kills with an illness. here, people are killed either through abandonment or contamination. invaders are coming in and taking advantage. they aren't in quarantine forced are using this time to explore and they are the principal factors. thousands of miles from the capital, this remote pa rt miles from the capital, this remote part of brazil feels forgotten. the mayor of manaus has called on the young environmental activist greta thunberg to support them. young environmental activist greta thunberg to support themlj young environmental activist greta thunberg to support them. i am telling you that we are needing help. we have to save the lives of the protectors of the forests from coronavirus. we are in front of a disaster. something like barbarism. and i know all your influence, i know your capacity of feeling the

feelings of other people. my people are suffering much. that's why i am directing to you just a few words. help the amazon. the amazon and the fore st help the amazon. the amazon and the forest must be saved. but the country's leader is oblivious. jair bolsonaro spent sunday meeting hundreds of supporters. few masks, no social distancing, instead just presidential backing for those who wa nt presidential backing for those who wantan end presidential backing for those who want an end to democracy and a return to military rule. this is a man who says the virus is just a little cold. translation: man who says the virus is just a little cold. translationzlj man who says the virus is just a little cold. translation: i want a government with no interference. the crowds angry at local authorities who have imposed strict measures. he says he wants a government that works for the future of brazil, but what will that future look like? as

the amazon keeps burying its dead, brazil's most vulnerable communities and their land brazil's most vulnerable communities and theirland are brazil's most vulnerable communities and their land are in danger, and there is little support from the top. katy watson, bbc news. you are watching outside source, stay with us. temperatures set to climb. a lot of sunshine on the way, but also some rain in our forecast. sunshine on the way, but also some rain in ourforecast. quite a lot of rain in ourforecast. quite a lot of rain actually across the far south—west of the uk during tonight, and very strong winds. a met office yellow warning across parts of south—west england for the western side of dartmoor and west cornwall in particular, we could see gusts of 55 mph. these very heavy bursts of rain working across cornwall into devon and the channel islands as well. further north, daytime showers will fade. it will be dry through the night with some clear spells, and the further north you are, particularly in scotland where winds will be light, it is going to be

very chilly to start tomorrow morning. temperatures dipping in some spots below freezing. much milder down towards the south, where we have our brisk winds and frontal system still bringing some outbreaks of rain. some heavy rain at that across parts of south wales, the south—west of england, but that frontal system is running into a big block of high pressure. so see how our wine cache rain band makes very little progress northwards, and will tend to break apart, it will tend to wea ken tend to break apart, it will tend to weaken as the day wears on, and from north wales and the midlands and east anglia northwards, it should be dry with plenty of sunshine. the highest temperatures to west wales, the western side of scotland at 17 or 18 degrees. rather chilly and some north sea coasts. as we go to wednesday, another frontal system trying to push its way in. further east, it will be predominantly dry with some spells of sunshine, and temperatures just showing signs of

nudging upwards, 18, 19 or 20 degrees and that is the sign of things to come, certainly as we going to thursday and friday. southerly flow of wins across the uk, fairly light winds at that, and some warm air being brought up from the south. temperatures will always be highest across southern areas we re be highest across southern areas were stopped 2a, 20 5 degrees possible on friday. further north, a bit more unsettled, some showers at times and starts to turn a bit cool as well. and then watch what happens for the weekend. a plunge of unusually cold air, exceptionally cold for this time of year. it will feel much, much chillier. there could even be some wintry showers.

this is outside source on bbc news for viewers in the uk and around the world. we're covering all the latest coronavirus developments here in britain and globally. world leaders from thirty countries pledge eight billion dollars to help develop a coronavirus vaccine at an online summit. president of the eu commission calls it the start of unprecedented global co—operation. the partners are many, the goal is one, to defeat this virus. we'll have all the developments from the us where the death toll is nearing 70,000.

millions of people in the uk will soon be asked to track their movements as part of a new contact tracing app — the government wants to roll it out later this month. italians have gone back to work for the first time since the country imposed a national lockdown two months ago — but the economic and social impact is yet to be measured. welcome. let's return to brazil — which has been hardest hit by coronavirus in latin america. the country's right—wing presidentjair bolsonaro has been accused repeatedly of downplaying the threat of the virus. he wants lockdown measures to be lifted. and he's been encouraging rallies like this one in brasilia on sunday. you can see him greeting his supporters outside the presidential palace. hundreds demanding restrictions lled for a military coup. some members of the press were attacked. well in the past couple of hours brazil's defency ministry has been responding

to calls to intervene. it says the armed forces will always be on the side of law and democracy. ) let's bring in sam cowie — a journalist based in sao paolo, brazil. give us a flavour of what is going on in this dialogue between the armed forces and the president. it does not seem harmonious. president poulson arrow has always defended brazil's military dictatorship which lasted from 1960 for. hundreds of people were killed and tortured. he said armed forces were on his side yesterday so basically, the armed forces have been forced into a position where they had to come out and say we will stand in favour of democracy as opposed to some kind of

coup which was expected and feared, especially by opposition lawmakers. it was felt that this speech given by president bolsonaro in which he said the armed forces were on his side was seen as a threat and the armed forces were ready to launch a coup. now in the aftermath of the protest, we saw many general speaking to the brazilian press saying they were absolutely not at all interested in any kind of adventure, was the word they used. this is the latest development of this very volatile situation here in brazil. i do not know if you have seen the latest information from reuters, talking about brazil's attorney general asking for permission to hear the testimony of the cabinet ministers regarding some

possible crimes committed by the president. that came was 20 minutes ago, what is your assessment that development? that has to do with accusations made against the president by his formerjustice ministry who resigned last week, accusing the president of trying to appoint a family friend or somebody favourable to the president to a very sensitive position to oversee sensitive investigation of the federal police. we have seen the attorney general, he has as you said, asked the supreme court to hear testimonies of people that the justice ministry mentioned were present when the first time that he alleges, that the president tried to

appoint a family friend or try to interfere with appointments at the federal police. so, yes, it's an ongoing case and a very volatile situation here in brazil. the latest development is one to watch, president bolsonaro appointment of a friend to ourfederal president bolsonaro appointment of a friend to our federal police was blocked by the supreme court but he managed today to appoint the number two of the family friend, of his first paper basically, to oversee the country's federal police which isa the country's federal police which is a potentially explosive situation. it will be seen that his family friends can corrupt investigations, his son who is a politician have enquiries open against them and it is a very volatile situation. we will have to see how the rest of the federal

police in brazil react. it is expected it will not go down well. political interference in the federal police is unheard of in the last 20 years in brazil. the last time someone tried to appoint a friend or ally, a political appointment to the federal police, the appointment lasted three months. we appreciate you talking us through all of that. the unsettling times. we will be watching developments. let's go to the us now — where the number of cases has passed 1.1 million — and the death toll is edging towards 70,000. but these numbers — published by the new york times are worrying... the newspaper says this is an internal document from the centers for disease control and prevention — which projects a steady rise in the number of cases and deaths — reaching about 3,000

daily deaths on june 1. you can see the red line there is modelled deaths, while the blue dots are reported deaths. a white house spokesman says "this is not a white house document or gone through interagency vetting". around half of us states a re partially reopening their economies. but massachussets is one state that's yet to lift any of its lockdown restrictions. the state has issued a statewide order asking people to wear masks in public. it has so far recorded more than 66,000 coronavirus cases. dr daniela lamas is a critical care doctor at brigham and women's hospital in boston.

there are real trade—offs and clearly we cannot remain in our own homes, isolated the way we are forever. this was pushing a pause button and you cannot push pause forever. that being said, my hope is we will have ramped up testing and be able to do broad testing in ways we cannot do that well. tracing, being able to contact trace. being able to isolate. you see people who come in who have loved ones with covid who are told to isolate and they are living in the same home which is impossible. they all get sick. so we have to make headway with some of these components and then reopen slowly. i expect that we will see more cases, definitely, the question is will we be more equipped to deal with them than the first time around. anthony zurcher is in washington.

let us talk about new york times publishing these numbers, potentially 3000 daily depth might in the first, what is your take on this? as you mentioned, the white house said that was not fully vetted document and it is unclear whether those numbers would be after social distancing and restrictions were eased restrictions were kept in place. what we see in the numbers is that the number of deaths overall in the united states are not declining which is what one would hope from the social distancing effort. so places like new york and louisiana, you start to see the hospitalisation but this indicates that currently the virus is spreading throughout the virus is spreading throughout the country so there is the possibility that these deaths could go possibility that these deaths could 9° up possibility that these deaths could go up as other cities are hit as bad

or close to as bad as new york city. that is certainly a reason for caution that the worst is not behind us. the reaction state-by-state is variable and had a reaction to the situation, there does not then —— seem to be a central school of thought, does that? no, there does not. that is port of the challenge of the united states that state governors have a lot of power over the restrictions, how to love them or keep them going if you find the new outbreaks await creates a patchwork response. the federal government can put pressure on states and issue guidelines but the bottom line is the governors react to political reality on the grounds and there are some states where people like getting very restless and starting to push back against things like mandating willing masks

in public. and continuing to work at home. you may see some states began to ease off even in the face of the reality that the numbers are not going down and it could lead to a new spike further down the line on serious problems spreading throughout the countries before we had testing in place to know where exactly they are to respond quickly to these hotspots. we have heard about the ambition to rule out the testing and get the figure is higher with regard to that, do you know how well they are doing? what is your handle on that? it seems to be kind of hit and miss across the country, there are places where tests are readily available and you get results quickly. the speed of getting results are what is

essential. here in virginia, there are people i know who had to wait a week for results. that means that it is useless by the time they get the test results, they have already recovered or the symptoms have gone away so if the administration is talking about millions of test being available, the reality on the ground in different parts of the country is very mixed. as i mentioned, the tayside essential for identifying hotspots and nowhere you need to impose these shelter orders and be able to respond quickly to a viral outbreak, without that health care workers are flying blind. thank you very much for that analysis. and we know coronavirus is having a severe impact on retailers around the globe, even as lockdown is eased in some parts of the world. today, we've seen the first big failure due to the pandemic — clothing chainj crew. michelle fleury is in new york.

people are calling this the first retail victim of the coronavirus here in the united states.j retail victim of the coronavirus here in the united states. j crew is a well—known brand, a preppy style of clothing. you are starting to see this winnowing out, going into the crisis, the stronger players were better placed to weather the closures. if you go to any main street in america right now, all of the shops are closed. you can only buy online. there have been various studies showing that people are not buying close at the moment. that is having a big impact on retailers so those who went into this in a better position i better placed on those in a weaker position, you can see the result. j crew is the first into ba n kru ptcy result. j crew is the first into bankruptcy protection. it is not going to be closing its doors but it is restructuring its business.

stay with us on outside source, still to come: just how did the virus — jump species to humans. we have a special report on wildlife markets. university students in england will still have to pay full tuition fees — even if their courses are taught online this autumn. to recruit up to 5 percent more students, whilst details for the rest of the uk have yet to be announced. our education editor branwen jeffreys has the story. university campuses will not be the theme this yearfor university campuses will not be the theme this year for students hoping to start in the autumn. no bars, no big parties. some courses may even begin online but students in england. -- still pay full fees. it isa england. -- still pay full fees. it is a lot of money to miss out on a proper university experience, to

miss out on not meeting new people. if that was going on for a long time ido if that was going on for a long time i do not think it would be fair to ask herfull tuition fees i do not think it would be fair to ask her full tuition fees because i am not getting the full experience, iam not am not getting the full experience, i am not getting taught everything i need. it is going to be pretty difficult. having these social distancing measures in place will massively affect people's growth and interest in going to university and telling a university life. if you're sitting at home worrying about what leads you will get, it is not all bad news. universities will be able to offer slightly more places this year, up to 5% to offer slightly more places this year u to offer slightly more places this year, up to 5% per university in england. so if you are willing to shop around and creating, there could be plenty of choice. in wales and northern ireland, you —— universities may also rely more on fees. in scotland whether are no fees, student numbers are limited.

there is no details yet on home student numbers in these parts of the uk. international students pay much higherfees. the uk. international students pay much higher fees. they the uk. international students pay much higherfees. they contribute the uk. international students pay much higher fees. they contribute £7 billion a year to universities in the uk. many come from china. there are fears the numbers could fall. this is outside source live from the bbc newsroom. world leaders from thirty countries pledge eight billion dollars to help develop a coronavirus vaccine at an online summit. the eu commission president has called it the start of unprecedented global co—operation. we've been talking a lot today about the easing of lockdown restrictions in some countries. and many of those same countries are making the wearing of face masks compulsory. let's bring in ros atkins on this issue. hi, ros. (05)

i think this mass will become part of our lives know, in particular those countries where lockdown has been lifted. some countries have even passed laws to make it illegal to leave the house without a mask. in spain, not everyone has to wear one but if you want to take public transport, you will not be able to ta ke transport, you will not be able to take one without a mask. this is the underground in madrid this morning. red cross workers handing out masks. this is brussels, similar rules in place, police stopping people without masks and making them cover up. france is to follow with similar rules next monday and the uk may also follow suit soon. remember what borisjohnson said at the end of last week. what i certainly agree with is as part of coming out of the

lockdown, i do think that face coverings will be useful both for epidemiological reasons but also for giving people confidence that they can go back to work. those of you watching in europe, winning a face mask is likely to be a new experience, much less for those of you working —— living in asia. experience, much less for those of you working -- living in asia. you might wonder why so many people in asia we are face coverings. in hong kong, taipei and tokyo people wear facemasks when going around their business. the custom historians say began injapan in the early 20th—century began injapan in the early 20th—ce ntury but began injapan in the early 20th—century but more read simply outbreak of infectious diseases like stars encouraged people to cover their faces in public. it is not always easy and comfortable to wear face covering in public, especially in warm weather but over time people

just get used to it. there is no clear evidence in asia that facemask is stop the virus being transmitted between humans but many people believe it would reduce the risk of catching the disease and that is why since covid—19 was first reported in china we have seen even more people and is why since covid—19 was first reported in china we have seen even more people in asia winning facemasks. maybe the perception but the science is different. winning masks is primarily designed to stop people spreading the virus and it is also there to protect the individual but on that second point, some people say they do not want to do it and protect themselves. this has become a feature protest against lockdown measures, especially in the us. you may well have seen this image widely shared online. that is a slogan long used in the abortion debate. this protester was in texas

and is using it to make a very different point. facemasks are not really there to protect the waiter, scientists including in the uk say the bean purpose of this carving is to stop anyone with the virus to stop spreading it to others. let as talk to a professor at boston university. here she is on what the mask can and cannot do to stop the virus. the scientific research on the use of masks for the general public to stop the spread of infectious disease is a little bit mixed but mostly because we have not had a good opportunity to study the question in the past. evidence we do have suggest individuals infectious winning a mask can reduce their transmission to other people. we also know that people with sars can be infectious before they start to show symptoms so this is why it might be a good idea for the general public to wear masks but it is

important to remember that a mask does not substitute for staying a good distance from other people and that a mask worn up against your face is as potential surface for contamination so you want to make sure to watch a hands well before and after putting on or ticking off your mask and only use the straps and not by touching the face part. do not adjust your mask by using the fies part when you are reading it. once put on, do not adjust it until you are taking it off for the day. when you're finished winning it for the day warships in warm, soapy water which will be a good way to clean the mask and make sure any infectious particles are destroyed the time you use it. they also had advice for anyone wondering about the sort of mask to wear, a home—made one need out of a home

made —— of an old t—shirt will work fine but to protect yourself from catching it and anyone in health ca re catching it and anyone in health care obviously you need a more sophisticated mask to make sure it is keeping you safe. back to you. thank you very much. in the last few days, both the us president and the us secretary of state have made claims that the coronavirus originated in a lab in wuhan, in china.

today the world health organisation was asked about that. here's what it said. from our perspective, this remains speculative and like any evidence—based organisation, we would be very willing to receive any information that purports to the origin of the virus because as we said, the origin of the virus is a very important piece of public information for future control. the who also called for a scientific based rather than political inquiry into the origins of the virus. our science correspondent victoria gill has been looking into what we do know about where the virus came from. captured to be sold. the global trade in wildlife is now under new scrutiny as the possible origin of this pandemic, because before the first human case, the coronavirus moved undetected across the species barrier. genetic clues all point to a virus found in wild bats as the source, but working out exactly how the spill—over from wildlife into humans happened, isn't straightforward. part of the structure of every virus is essentially a key that unlocks the specific cell that it needs to get inside. now, if you imagine each of these padlocks is from a different species cell, they might require a different key. but some very different species actually share the same lock on their cells, and in the case of the coronavirus the key from the bat virus fits and unlocks some human cells. but how did it reach that first human cell that it unlocked?

its access was most likely not directly from bats, but via another intermediate host, an animal infected first that people came into close contact with. but scientists haven't yet worked out what species passed covid—19 to a human, or whether that animal was for sale in the now infamous wildlife market in wuhan. at the moment there is nothing that's terribly convincing about finding what the intermediate host was. and indeed, the intermediate host may never be found. but mixing large numbers of species under poor hygienic and welfare conditions, and species that wouldn't normally come close together, that gives opportunities for pathogens to jump from species to species. in previous outbreaks that intermediate species has been found. camels and palm civets have provided the likely route to humans for the closely related viruses mers and sars. and scientists have found clues about this chain of transmission in a list of animals, including rare and widely trafficked pangolins. but when wildlife is traded not only in china, but in almost every country,

breaking those chains is a global challenge. that's it, goodbye. hello, spring is a season that can bring some warm weather, we will get that for the next few days but it can also bring cold weather. have a look at this, the temperature chain for coventry, indicative for many places in the uk. ttempt is up to the 20s and then in the weekend they nosedived to single digits. we have a frontal system at the moment, some wet and windy weather across the south—west of england and wales but that front runs into high—pressure, it encounters a block and not able to make much pressure northwards. this rain tends to fizzle me as a

day goes on. north wales, the midlands and east anglia northwards edge should be dry with sunny spells. high temperatures a course north—west wales, scotland, cool for the slightest of england. but weather front just get squeezed the slightest of england. but weather frontjust get squeezed out of existence as we go into wednesday, our area high—pressure still dominating. another frontal system trying to sneak in which will bring a few showers to cornwall, temperature and northern ireland later in the day. by the east is fine, quitea later in the day. by the east is fine, quite a lot of sunshine and the temperatures start to nudge upwards towards 19 or 20 degrees. wednesday night, this is the setup, low— pressure wednesday night, this is the setup, low—pressure to the west end high—pressure to the east which will allow a gentle southerly flow across the uk. as you can see from the orange colour, warm air on the way.

high temperatures through thirst inflated. the father size, good spells of sunshine. some hefty showers for northern ireland and scotla nd showers for northern ireland and scotland but even here temperatures in the high teens, further south highs of 21, 22 or 23 degrees. warmer still on the site on friday with spells of sunshine. remaining marquee on the west coast and showers for northern ireland and scotla nd showers for northern ireland and scotland but those temperatures, 17 for glasgow and aberdeen, 24—hour likely for the south—east. into the weekend things start to change, this cold front here pushes southwards and behind it look what happens. you can see this code in, exceptionally cold for this time of year pushing its way southwards. from saturday, he frontal system, a bunch of kluivert with showery rain but the cold air as to the north of that. quite a big range of temperatures. 9

degrees and aberdeen, 23 in london. through saturday night, that's where the front pushing southwards with cold air behind it. this is the idea of wintry showers getting into the north of the uk on sunday. strong winds and a very chilly feel, well below average for this week in may. next week, high—pressure to the west, low—pressure to east. this area of high pressure could start to build strongly across the british isles which will cut off this northerly flow and bring something into the north—west, not a heatwave but it will feel less chilly but the colder side of spring is on the way in the week ahead.