this is bbc news. the headlines: the number of coronavirus cases recorded in brazil has passed 2 million. the country has been hit especially hard by the disease. many people have blamed presidentjair bolsonaro, who has consistently played down the severity of covid—19. nearly 77,000 brazilians have died from the virus. russia has dismissed allegations that it's attempted to steal research into a coronavirus vaccine and meddled in last year's general election in britain. the uk, the united states and canada say russian hackers have targeted teams of scientists trying to find a treatment for covid—19. real madrid have won their first la liga title in three years, with a game to spare. they beat villarreal in an empty stadium, giving them an unassailable lead over barcelona. the side has won all 10 of their matches since spanish football restarted in june.

penguins are without the fast bowler jofra archer. he was excluded after breaching health and safety rules put in place by the team to stop the spread of coronavirus and it's understood he made a mile detour home. with half centuries from ben stokes and dom sibley. england finished on 207/3. gloomy skies over old trafford, but that was the least of england's worries after an extraordinary, early morning twist. jofra archer is one of their biggest stars. it emerged after the first test in southampton he'd stopped off at his home in brighton. the players were supposed to drive straight to manchester so as not to jeopardise their bio—secure bubble.

when his driving detour came to light, archer was told to isolate for five days, but he was excluded from the team. jofra realises that obviously what he did was wrong, he's very remorseful for that and we will support him. but ultimately we are grateful to the west indies for the way they have taken that and obviously a breach of any protocol when we are trying to keep a bio—safe environment is not acceptable. this series is only really happening because of the strict bio—secure conditions in place. here at old trafford the players are once again cocooned behind closed doors. in a statement jofra archer said he'd let both teams down, but he's left england with a particular problem. the hosts were put into bat but before they did so the players all took a knee. cricketing rivals, united against racism. after winning the first test the west indies weren't short of confidence and they soon had plenty more. three early wickets, including the big one. captain joe root missed the last

game to be at the birth of his baby, isabella. welcome back. on this greatest of days, though, at last some fireworks. who else but ben stokes? if only there had been someone in the crowd to catch it. at the other end dom sibley got stuck in, not pretty, but hugely effective with an unbeaten 86. stokes also reached his half—century by the close as the pair turned an unpromising day into an excellent one. after all that pre—match travel drama, it's england in the driving seat. andy swiss, bbc news. now on bbc news, coronavirus: your stories. philippa thomas hears from people around the world about their extraordinary experiences during the pandemic and how covid—i9 has changed their lives.

welcome to coronavirus: your stories, a programme about how covid—i9 is changing lives around the world. i'm philippa thomas. this week, we are talking to doctors who are fighting the virus in struggling states, countries that are more often in the headlines because of political conflict or terror attacks. in venezuela, a doctor who is treating covid patients every day says the worst is still to come. he tells me why he is taking the risk of saying this out loud when the government doesn't want to hear it. an international doctorjust returned from afghanistan and talks about what it is like to face a deadly disease in a state already battered by four decades of violence insurgency. and a newly graduated doctor in syria has some good news about incredible efforts being made by communities working together to protect themselves. let's go first to caracas, where drjulio castro is currently treating 70 covid patients

in his private clinic and worrying about the thousands more venezuelans across the country who cannot get proper health care. we are heading close to 9000 cases all over venezuela. in the last five weeks, we have an increase in the number of cases by week, close to 35% every week. we are getting to the 90% occupancy in the icu units with the capacity up to the full level right now and we are still at the beginning of the exponential phase of the transmission of the coronavirus in venezuela. it is probably worth reminding our viewers, dr castro, you're talking to me from caracas, and that city and your country

already is dealing with crisis with economic crisis. yes, indeed. we are in the middle of an economic crisis. the hyperinflation rate in the last year was close to 4000%. absolutely amazing. the health crisis has been in the last five years or so. we have been declared as a humanitarian situation in the last two years, but we are in the middle of a huge crisis besides the other crisis, the economic and political and health system crisis. it sounds like one storm coming up on top of another. does it ever make you feel desperate about the situation? well, we do. most of our physicians are very concerned. they are unprotected. they don't have the tools to cope or work with the patients. i'm talking about basic tools

like surgical gloves or protection equipment or antibiotics or oxygen or mechanical ventilators. so we are pretty much working with all hands and most of the young doctors are already getting sick of covid—i9. so that is another real worry, when you look at your colleagues, especially in the public hospitals where there are not many resources. they are putting themselves at risk. they have double risk. they have community risk which is high. and they have a work risk, or a health risk related to theirjob. actually, we have no just doctors or nurses and also other health

personnel who have been in danger or have been getting sick. close to 50% of the hospital, the bigger hospital in venezuela, do not have, right now, surgical masks, which is the basic markerfor us to monitor the protection equipment. so we are still, some of the bigger hospitals in venezuela do not have a single surgical mask or a single surgical glove to protect themselves. you were talking about the economic crisis that underlies the state of the health service. have you had conversations with patients, people who have covid who are worried about paying for medical treatment? the national average salary in venezuela, for example, for a doctor, is $6 a month. that is the regular salary for a medical doctor in venezuela. and the cost is close to $1000 per

day in private clinics right now. so it is impossible for a person who does not have international insurance to pay for critical care related to the covid—i9. even for doctors. physicians who do not have private insurance, it is impossible for them to pay for the medical care. and also, 95% of venezuelans do not have coverage for insurance. they have to go to the public hospital. we already talked about that situation. people are struggling, notjust for people in venezuela, everybody is struggling with the crisis. because if you get $6 or $10 a month, it is barely

enough to find food. what is the hardest part of your own job? actually, it is difficult to deal with the information because we have a lack of transparency related to the numbers in venezuela because in venezuela, just one lab is doing the pcr. let me ask you about the tests, the pcr. my understanding is you are not allowed to carry out tests yourself. is that right? just one lab. 0nly they can do the pcr. which is under the regime control. and actually, some of the labs that have tried to do the pcr, they were shut down by the government two months ago. so right now, we still have just one lab. it sounds as if one of the biggest problems is that you know numbers are rising, but you don't know very much about the true numbers because from your point of view, there are not enough tests? absolutely. actually, we wonder what is the real number of pcr that we are doing in a daily basis in venezuela. because they have not said the numbers of pcr they are doing. according to some organisations, we are between 600 and 1000 test by day. columbia actually is doing close to 4000 or 6000 pcr by day.

we need to go that far because otherwise, it is impossible to track the epidemic or to diagnose the patients and isolate the most cases we want. do you think venezuela is struggling compared to her neighbours? absolutely. notjust in pcr. 0ur health system is very far from columbia. we are the weakest health system in the region according to john hopkins' classification, so we are a pretty unstable system that absolutely puts in jeopardy all the citizens related to trying to cope with covid—19. it is difficult to ask you to sum this up, but could you tell me what you think the government is doing right and what it is doing wrong? well, i think the early quarantine was the right decision in early march. other than that, they have been doing a very weird strategy. right now, we are in the beginning of exponential phase and now —— do you think venezuela is struggling compared absolutely. notjust in pcr. 0ur health system is

very far from columbia. we are the weakest health system in the region according to john hopkins' classification, so we are a pretty unstable system that absolutely puts in jeopardy all the citizens related to trying to cope with covid—19. it is difficult to ask you to sum this up, but could you tell me what you think the government is doing right and what it is doing wrong? well, i think the early quarantine was the right decision in early march. other than that, they have been doing a very weird strategy. right now, we are in the beginning of exponential phase and now we are releasing some measures like some states can have a normal life.

they don't have any kind of restriction or quarantine. and the virus is already all over the place. all states in venezuela do have transmission, but we have 60% of the states today in a normalisation phase, which is absolutely weird. there is no country other than latin america who have been doing relaxation of the norms relating to the covid—19 even in the exponential phase and we are in the middle of that. drjulio castro, when you tell me these things about the state of venezuela, you're speaking out and it could be taken as critical of nicholas maduro's government. are you putting yourself at risk by speaking out? yes, for sure. when we complain about the numbers or complain about the hospital situation, we are in danger. notjust myself, all the physicians who are complaining

are in jeopardy right now. venezuela doctorjulio castro in caracas. we talk next about a country that is already weakened by four decades of war. covid cases stand at 311,000 and rising in afghanistan. and lockdown is imposing extra hardships on a lot of families making do with very little. the international committee of the red cross runs a number of clinics there that are overseen by doctor gabriel mufuta, a congolese born doctor who has a decade of experience in war—torn countries. he has been speaking to me from ireland, he is there on a short break from kabul. the health system, which is weak and frail as it is known, a war—torn country, four decades of armed conflict, inevitably the country is facing difficulties to organise different sectors

and the health sector is one of them. all the province's regions are reporting cases now. there have been decades of war in afghanistan and hospital infrastructure has been run down. is this a problem now when you're looking at things like needing beds and needing oxygen? what is it like as a doctor trying to deal with this? after those four decades, the government is making an effort to help with the hospital staff, but unfortunately, the situation is still below standards. it doesn't follow properly. the ratio of health professionals versus population is still beneath what is required to how can i say be able to provide quality services, so generally speaking, facilities are overwhelmed. at the basic health level when they exist. otherwise, they are working at a substandard level and this makes a huge challenge for health staff to cope both with the ordinary work and covid, which comes as an additional layer of complexity

with all the response. and how easy it is to track people moving backwards and forwards over the borders? by march, april, there has been a struggle to organise an appropriate screening at those borders entry points, but clearly coming from iran and pakistan, you all know that iran has had a high report of cases, and of course considering afghanistan, efforts should have been made all around the border but organising it was a struggle if i can say. and of course, for people to be screened, and for the virus to be traced, people have to want to come forward and say i might be positive. is that happening?

at the beginning, it was difficult. and even though all of the health promotional awareness which is been developed throughout the country, we have to admit the effort has been made by all the humanitarian partners in the government themselves, but the stigma lends to people most of the time do not self report as much as they can possibly and looking at the magnitude of transmission and the country, it means that facilities are finding it difficult to diagnose and eventually isolate patients and of course facilities may be overwhelmed at this stage, so then we can see a lot of cases do not report to the health system by itself. that stays in the community. you use the word stigma. what do you mean by that? when a new phenomena like this appeared, of course the panic installed itself. among the health care workers themselves and in the community. so that is why any facility labelled

as a covid—19 centre, people tend to avoid. so there is a stigma attached to having coronavirus and you talked about fear? is that also a fear of family having to be isolated or locked down? in case of death, unfortunately, the procedure around covid, the body is a bit different from the ordinary ones. family are kept more or less away from the body. or they have to be buried in a specific way which is not really acceptable as per culture. that is why people as soon as they see a relative getting seriously sick, it automatically turns to stay home so as when they pass away, at least they can still be around to participate to the last rites or for burial. dr gabriel mufuta, who oversees the red cross clinics in afghanistan. i am philippa thomas and you're

watching coronavirus: your stories. this week, we are talking to doctors fighting the virus in struggling states. next, syria. it has been in the headlines for a decade now. since war broke out, more than 400,000 syrians have been killed, millions more have fled. those left behind are in a country particularly vulnerable to crisis. syria has already been through its coronavirus lockdown, but now the number of those infected is rising again, especially in and around damascus. and that is where we have been hearing about some of the civil society efforts that are helping people get what they need to survive. over the last three months, dana shubat has been coordinating awareness campaigns and helping to make and distribute supplies. dana has just graduated as a doctor. the war started when i was in my last year of high school. that year, we had to flee our house on july 15, 2012. after one week, we lost our farm and the hospital that my

father was managing. so we started all over again in the capital damascus. we rented a house and we started to rebuild everything in our lives again. my father is a surgeon himself. he has been the manager of a hospital that was affected by the war in 2012, so we were raised loving medicine. you have been extremely busy. i know you have been very involved in civil society efforts to help with the pandemic. tell us something about what you have been able to do. we had the lockdown and we had all the procedures to make sure that the cases do not increase, so what i have done in the first place is to spread awareness and to spread the verified resources where they can get the real information, so i targeted the facebook pages that had a lot of likes in the society and gave them the information. people need to know because having people know the truth is a very big part of the solution.

and dana, all around the world, there have been problems getting hold of supplies, of masks for example, and i understand you got around that partly because you're making them. we already have like a problem with important equipment and everything because due to the sanctions and everything, by what we have tried to do is to do them ourselves using diy techniques. we were creating designs of masks, facemasks, and other ppe and printing them by 3d printers and some of them were done them by hand. that was activated in different cities around syria. we made the networks and found people that had the materials in every city. people that have 3d printers for example. but the main problem was the materials and to find the 3d printers because it is not common

to have them around here. dana, you're talking to me from damascus, but i know you have been in contact with groups around syria. where are some of the other places where the civil society efforts have made a difference? i know that a lot of efforts have been made around. there were a group of biomedical engineers who have made masks and supplies centres with them. a lot of efforts have been made in aleppo, and damascus for sure. it is not hard to find people to initiate for this because syrian people have been used to helping each other, especially during these years.

and the social activity has been very active and high. you have survived through the first lockdown, but i think cases are now rising again. are people worried about a big outbreak in syria? yes. actually, starting from two weeks, the cases have been increasing widely and a lot of fear is in the streets, but people are trying to take the procedures and to prevent themselves from getting infected, but still it is happening around the world. when it is a pandemic, it is a pandemic. it will spread somehow. and that is especially difficult in a society where you have had ten years of fighting and the infrastructure of the health service must be completely battered.

yes, because these years we have lost a lot of hospitals and medical centres and a lot of medical equipment and like all areas, so there is pressure on the city centre hospitals now, prevention is not our first line of defence. it is our only line of defence. because if we lose prevention, we don't have the sufficient abilities to deal with the high number of cases. and if it does get worse, and lockdown comes back, that will be very difficult for people who are trying to make enough money to survive. it already has been a very difficult time for people because in the first lockdown, a lot of people work day by day and make their money and their food

and basic equipment day by day. we have talked a lot about civil society efforts and what people can do for themselves. how important is that going to be in rebuilding syria going forward? it is very important because eventually, people are the basic stone in rebuilding the country. it is our responsibility. it's our country. we have lived in it ever since we were born. we love it. and we want it to recover and to be the country we really want to live in. dana shubat in damascus ending our programme on the fight against covid—19 in syria, venezuela, and afghanistan. i am philippa thomas. thank you forjoining us this week for coronavirus: your stories. hello again. well, some places stayed cloudy on thursday. there was more sunshine more widely, and it was a warmer day as well. the temperature reached 26 celsius in hampshire during the afternoon. well, the temperatures weren't far behind actually in the north—east of scotland, helped by over eight hours of sunshine.

let me set the scene for you, because at the moment, we've still got warm and humid air across the uk. that weather front is bringing some patchy rain and drizzle. to the north of it, it's cooler, fresher air. that will move southwards over the next few days as the band of cloud and patchy rain moves southwards. and that rain is pushing its way down into scotland and northern ireland. england and wales still dry early in the morning. quite warm and humid start to the day. that cloud and mostly light rain will continue to trickle southwards across scotland, across northern ireland, eventually into northern england and later into north wales. to the north across northern scotland, it'll brighten up. there'll be some sunshine. not quite as warm as it was on thursday, but still 20—21. further south, there's a rain band across england and wales, some sunny spells, turning out to be quite warm.

26 or even 27 in the south—east of england. now, that weather front bringing that cloud and rain will continue to move southwards overnight and into the start of the weekend. it's a painfully slow process, mind you, and we'll see that rain moving away from much of northern england as it heads into wales, through the midlands, perhaps lincolnshire and eventually the south—west of england. the rain does tend to die out in most places. still dry towards the south—east, still quite warm here. temperatures perhaps 2a degrees or so, but further north, we've got that cooler air moving down and temperatures will continue to just drop away a little bit. for the second half of the weekend, we see that weather front continuing down towards the south—east. as it arrives here on saturday night, the rain could turn steadier and heavier. once that rain clears away, we're all getting into that cooler and fresher air from the north—west. but still some rain to begin with on sunday morning across east anglia and the south—east. once that clears away, we'll have some sunny spells. maybe a few showers around, mostly towards the north—west of scotland. many places will be dry in the afternoon, but the air is cooler and fresher everywhere. we've got temperatures typically 16—20 celsius. that's a little below par for this time of the year, and we'll keep those sort of temperatures for the early part of next week. maybe one or two showers around, but many places,

i think, will be dry. we're going to find some spells of sunshine at times. goodbye.

welcome to bbc news — i'm lewis vaughan jones. our top stories: coronavirus infections pass the two million mark in brazil, making it the second worst hit country after the united states. people often say that this virus isn't visible, but the suffering here is so easy to see. western governments say russian hackers are trying to steal the research on a covid—19 vaccine. as temperatures rise around the world, a warning from scientists about the dangers of heat stress for the human body. and the mini solar flares across the sun's surface