this is bbc news. i'm nancy kacungira with the latest headlines for viewers in the uk and around the world. the us government's leading expert on covid—19 has urged all americans to wear face masks to stop a sharp rise in infections. we know that masks are really important, and we should be using them, everyone. eu leaders meet in brussels for the first time since the beginning of the pandemic but they're struggling to agree a coronavirus recovery package. a solution is possible. and the solution, that is what our people in europe expect from us, because it's theirjobs that are at stake. a new, quicker test for the coronavirus using saliva goes on trial in britain. now, it's captain sir tom moore,

knighted by the queen for his remarkable charity work for the health service. the us government's leading infectious diseases expert, anthony fauci, has said all americans should be told "as forcefully as possible" to wear masks, to stop a sharp rise in coronavirus cases. dr fauci assured americans that the coronvarius pandemic will eventually be overcome but he told an online conference that the current situation in the us looked bleak. on thursday, the united states registered another daily record for new cases, more than 77,000. i can say as a public health official that i would urge

the leaders, the local, political and other leaders, in states and cities and towns to be as forceful as possible in getting your citizentry to wear masks. masks are important. as far as physical distancing, it's the most important. but practically, when you're living your life and trying to open up the country, you are going to come into contact with people. for that reason, we know that masks are really important, and we should be using them, everyone. meanwhile, the governor of georgia is suing authorities in atlanta to prevent the city from enforcing its requirement to wear masks in public. governor brian kemp signed an executive order earlier this week voiding mask mandates across the state saying atla nta's mayor, keisha lance bottoms, couldn't enforce the rule. i know that many well—intentioned

and well well—informed george doesn't want a mass mandate, and mobile agree that wearing a mask is effective, i'm confident that georgians don't need a mandate to do the right thing top for more on governor kemp's decision, here's our correspondent gary 0'donoghue in washington. the government or believes it is a step too far in terms of governing overreach —— step too far in terms of governing overreach — — the step too far in terms of governing overreach —— the governor believes. a numberof overreach —— the governor believes. a number of municipalities in georgia has also done. yet he does believe is a good idea, the state encouraging people to wear masks. he just doesn't think the authorities should have the power to tell people to do it, and in that, is the whole argument of american society to what extent is the individual subject to the power of the political authority. amir farohki is one of those being

sued by the governor of georgia. he's a democrat who serves on atlanta's city council. thank you very much for making time to talk to us. first of all, were you surprised to find out you are being sued by the governor? yes, it's a bit perplexing. i don't think the logic make sense. you just heard from doctor county that localities around the country should be as forceful as possible —— doctor faucl forceful as possible —— doctor fauci. we see an incredible her two thirds over the past few weeks. most of those are in atlanta in the metropolitan region, so i think the governor's decision to do our mayor who has made the right call in pushing for mass mandate is misplaced. at best, its petty political theatre, and at worst, it's neglect of public health. the

governor maintains that his point is that georgians don't need a mandate to do the right thing, so it's not so to do the right thing, so it's not so much about the mask wearing as it is how do you enforce something like that. is a fair question, except the data shows otherwise. as cases continue to rise in a framework in which we're not pushing hard enough on georgians to wear and masks. the governor has also made the argument that this lawsuit was wanting to protect businesses in the city of atla nta protect businesses in the city of atlanta that feel like their businesses are being constricted by the mandate. i think there are two important counterpoints. 0ne the mandate. i think there are two important counterpoints. one is our mayor's mask mandate recognises the state's prohibition on enforcing a mandate. it was a recommendation. also, business after business is that to me they appreciate the mask mandate because it makes it safer for their employees and patrons. i think the logic falls flat. i certainly understand the argument, but the data doesn't support it.

we've just been hearing from doctor fauciand we've just been hearing from doctor fauci and he saying it's important that everyone wear a mask. how much weight does advice from scientists carry now, especially in political circles 7 carry now, especially in political circles? i think unfortunately, we've seen this across the country. i'm sure the rest of the world has seen this as well. the virus has been politicized. this is u nfortu nately been politicized. this is unfortunately become a bit of a political football in the us, individualism versus the collective good. so i think americans live in cities enclosed proximity to each other are more sensitive to this to more rural americans. the science continues to support not only distancing, but wearing a mask will help us reduce the rate of infections much quicker, which is what we need to get back to normal. thank you very much.

the french president emmanuel macron says the european union is approaching a defining moment. the leaders of the 27 eu countries are face to face this afternoon in brussels, for the first time since the beginning of the pandemic. all of them are wearing masks, none of the warm embraces that we normally see at the beginning of eu summit. the big issue on the agenda is the future of the recovery fund. in may, the european commission presented a 750 billion—euro plan to help countries overcome the economic shock of the coronavirus. under that plan, 500 bn euros would be distributed to the worst—hit countries in the form of grants rather than loans, which would mean most of it is never paid back. all 27 members understand the seriousness of the situation, but there are four northern european countries — austria, denmark, sweden and the netherlands — who want reform in the southern european states, in the job market and on pensions, in return for the money that will be paid.

also questions as to whether the money should come in the form of these grants, rather than loans. 0ur correspondent gavin lee has more from brussels. well, there are many complications in this summit. the size of the recovery fund off the back of the coronavirus pandemic, the budget, the next seven years of funding all the european countries means leaders have to put more money into the coffers, more from their pockets. but first of all, just getting into that building behind me, is the first time leaders have sat around the table together, and they all came in 50 shades of different masks and colours and sizes. and when they sit down together, if the first time they've and when they did sit down together, if the first time they've had people in a room. there were about 30 or so. usually these rooms have about 500 people in them, so the leaders distanced themselves. actually, a note as well. angela merkel, the german chancellor, just had her birthday today, choosing to be here for the importance of trying to sort out this collective fund

to get europe's economy back going again. she was swapping presents with antonio costa, the portuguese prime minister. she gave him an old map of goa, he gave her a book about being in quarantine. i think she was also given some rose water, oil, by the bulgarian prime minister. want to serious managers. she told reporters, the few that we re she told reporters, the few that were there, what her ambitions were. he was pretty straightforward. translation: we need confirmation from all sides to create something that's good for the european people are in this pandemic, but also a good economical response given the difficulties we're facing. that's why i'm expecting very, very difficult discussions. we've heard a similar reluctance, optimism from other leaders. from the spanish and french presidents as well. i think we have

the big issue that 500 billion euros as part of this recovery fund to help economies goes to countries worst hit by covid in the form of grant. austria, denmark, sweden and the netherlands are still holding out, they have done for weeks, saying they need some kind of guarantee that this money will be properly spent if they will get involved at all, and they want to keep the big contributors that don't get much back from the eu in terms of what they put in. they are going to scrap that. it was all quite complicated, but i think there to say they don't sound very optimistic. we don't believe in this grant —based system. what we have said is first of all, crucial is to maintain the rebate as a sufficient level. secondly we need reforms. if the south is needing help from other countries in terms of grant, there is limited scope to deal with that

financially themselves. i think it is only reasonable for us to ask for a clear commitment to reforms. we are told the mood at the moment is optimistic, but hopes of any significant break for whatever —— whether they've agreed to a budget which is said to be around ei trillion, that seems far off. they've had their goldfish plate for lunch, the mackerel, salmon, cod. this is going to go on into the night we are told. possibly another summitahead. london's metropolitan police has described footage posted on social media, showing a man being detained by officers on the ground with a knee across his neck, as extremely disturbing. get off my neck! police were called to a fight in islington, north london yesterday, and arrested a man on suspicion of affray and possession of an offensive weapon.

one officer has been suspended, and another placed on restricted duties. stay with us on bbc world news, still to come: the unique biodiversity of the galapagos islands is under threat from a huge chinese fishing fleet. we'll find out more, live from ecuador. after months of talks and missed deadlines, deal has been struck to keep greece within the euro zone. the immediate prospect of greece going bust in the worst crisis to hit the euro zone has been averted. emergency services across central europe are stepping up their efforts to contain the worst floods this century — nearly 100 people have been killed. broadway is traditionally called the great white way by americans, but tonight it's completely blacked out. it's a timely reminder to all americans of the problems that the energy crisis has brought to them. leaders meet in paris for a summit on pollution,

inflation and third world debt. this morning, theyjoin the revolution celebrations for a show of military might on the champs—elysees. wildlife officials in australia have been coping with a penguin problem. penguins have been staggering ashore and collapsing after gorging themselves on huge show of their favourite food, pilchers. some had eaten so much, they could barely stand. this is bbc news, the latest headlines... the us government's leading expert on coronavirus, anthony fauci, says all americans should wear masks to stop a sharp rise in infections. eu leaders are meeting in brussels for the first time since the beginning of the pandemic, but they've yet to agree a recovery package for the economy. the un has increased its emergency funding appeal to more

than ten billion dollars this year, to help deal with the worst effects of covid—i9. the organisation says the impact of the virus, if left unchecked in low—income countries, could be "appalling." i'm joined now by mark lowcock, un under—secretary—general for humanitarian affairs and emergency relief coordinator, in new york. thank you very much. this, i understand, is your largest ever fundraising call. is that a reflection of just how fundraising call. is that a reflection ofjust how dire the situation is? that's exactly what it is, yes. at the beginning of this year, we thought there would be something like 110 million people around the world in need of life—saving humanitarian assistance just to survive. because of covid—i9, and the havoc and destruction it's reaching out across the developing world, that has

increased to 250 million people. that's why we are raising this and asking for this extra $10 billion now, which takes to a total of $40 billion. what we think we need to avoid a whole castigating series of human tragedies around the planet —— cascading series. just tell us a bit where this money would actually go and what it would be used for. one of the greatest areas in need? well, we're working in 63 countries. a lot of them are in africa, about two thirds, but also parts of the middle east, south america, asia, and on covid, we've got ppe for a half a million health million —— health workers. we've trained millions of health workers, but what we're talking about now is the consequences of covid as well.

firstly, 25 countries are facing food insecurity. maybe ten countries even having hammonds, almost unthinkable. —— having famine. we have to think of the reduction in availability of basic health services. malaria prevention and control, anti—natal care for women expecting babies, ed essential care for newly born babies. we need to build up all of those things because this crisis goes beyond the virus. it had lots of other side effects. desperately, the message you're sending is that richer nations have thrown out the financial rule book in order to save their economies, and they should do the same for poor nations. but that also mean that they actually have their hands full ata time they actually have their hands full at a time like this? well, the problems i describe are soluble problems i describe are soluble problems by and large. with

imagination and money and recognition that this isn't business as usual, the rich world has been right to take extraordinary measures to protect their own economy they would be compassionate, but also smart in their own interest, to do the same sort of things for the poorer parts of the world as well. if this virus isn't detained there, it will be back to bite everyone. if things get out of control and there's violence and instability, that comes back to bite the rich world as well. problems we are seeing build up exportable, so this isn't just seeing build up exportable, so this isn'tjust an seeing build up exportable, so this isn't just an issue seeing build up exportable, so this isn'tjust an issue of compassion, this is advice on the part thing to do. if they don't want to pay a much bigger price later, 20 countries whose finances are meeting this weekend. thank you so much for joining us today. here in the uk, a quicker, less invasive test for the coronavirus is being piloted in southampton. thousands of people are having samples of their saliva analysed, rather than swab tests, which many

people find uncomfortable. if the four week trial goes well, the entire city of more than a quarter of a million people, could be offered weekly tests. our medical correspondent, fergus walsh has the full details. right, so, take your pots, take the lid off. never has testing for coronavirus been so simple. lean your head forward is to get some saliva in the front lean your head forward to get some saliva in the front of your mouth and then a spit. jane, who is a nurse at a gp surgery and her three teenage children, are part of a trial in southampton involving weekly testing of saliva. it's an alternative to nose and throat swab tests, which many find unpleasant. the swab test is quite invasive, especially if you're not feeling very well. if you've got a cough, it can really trigger a cough by putting something in the back of your throat, and so it is much, much easier to do. most people with coronavirus have no symptoms on the day they are tested. so, regular saliva sampling could be

a way of detecting cases earlier. after months of home—schooling and lockdown, it might allow a return to normal life. yeah, very sensible. just to help get it over with, the pandemic, overand done with, to change lives. if the four—week trial is successful, then the whole of southampton — more than 250,000 people — could be offered weekly saliva tests, in a bid to prevent infections from spreading. it does seem that people become positive in their saliva before they even become positive in the rest of their breathing tubes, the respiratory tract. so, if we're seeking to pick up this early spread, this may be the way forwards. if the trial here in southampton goes well, saliva testing could play an increasingly important role in controlling the coronavirus epidemic. weekly testing could be done in schools, care homes,

or in hotspot areas to try to prevent outbreaks from getting out of control. another advantage of saliva sampling is speed. it takes just 20 minutes for this laboratory in surrey to get a result. compared to hours for a swab test. the key remaining question is whether the saliva test is accurate enough to be rolled out widely. even potentially nationwide, as a way of trying to end the epidemic here altogether. so, this saliva test has got the potential to be done on a very large scale, in multiple locations, and can be done at speed. so, the sort of setting this could be done in could be almost like for a drive—through, you take the sample, you run the test, you have a result. so, this could revolutionise the way you actually carry out and do surveillance. it's negative. could, then, this be the way forward for us all, to have regular testing

like jane and family? and perhaps a means of allowing us to abandon social distancing. fergus walsh, bbc news. a massive chinese fishing fleet has descended on the edge of the galapagos protection zone. it's threatening to decimate the archipelago's biodiversity. the galapagos islands are a unesco world heritage site in the pacific ocean off the mainland of ecuador. you'll be familiar with some of their endemic species — giant tortoises, iguanas, blue footed booties. and the galapagos protection zone surrounding the islands is home to the largest shark biomass in the world, now take a look at this image. you can see the islands there. the mass of white dots on the edge of the galapagos protection zone is the chinese fleet. 265 fishing, cargo, refrigeration and processing vessels, squeezed between that narrow band of international waters between ecuador and the galapagos, a major migration route for those

endangered species that travel through for breeding, feeding and to seek refuge. and there's also this. waves of plastic waste of chinese origin washing up on the shores of the galapagos national park. this isn't a new phenomenon. last year 245 chinese vessels were detected in the area. and you may have seen this from 2017, when the galapagos national park intercepted a chinese vessel carrying 6000 tonnes of dead sharks, some of them endangered hammerheads, in the biggest illegalfishing haul in galapagos history. dr alex hearn is a specialist in marine protected areas and fish movements. he explained more about the boundaries of the protected zone. when the galapagos marines were created in 1998, it was the second largest marina in the world, but when it was created, we didn't really understand the extent of the

movement and the animals we are trying to protect. over the last ten to 15 years, we've been tracking whale sharks, critically endangered hammerheads, and you're right. they don't understand where the boundaries are. we find that they're nearly offshore and out into international waters. so this is a big concern for us. we share our populations, not just big concern for us. we share our populations, notjust with galapagos, but with other islands, and we know that our animals really back and forth between different marinas. there's been a monitoring programme that's shown that hammerhead sharks, their numbers have declined by almost 50% in the last 20 years. that's despite the fa ct last 20 years. that's despite the fact that they are moving between marinas. the once you leave the marinas, you are vulnerable to the next out there. captain sir tom moore, the centenarian who's raised more than 32 million pounds for nhs

charities, was knighted by the queen today. he received the honour in an outdoor ceremony at windsor castle. here's sarah campell. for such an inspiring individual, it seemed appropriate that he should be given a uniquely special investiture. the honour confirmed on him today really felt like a personal thank you from the queen. beneath brilliant blue skies, and adhering to socially—distant guidelines, she used the sword which had belonged to herfather, george vi, to knight captain sir thomas moore. to meet the queen was more than anyone could expect. i mean, it was... never, ever, ever did i imagine that i could get so close to the queen and have such a kind message from her. that was really outstanding. it really was truly outstanding. and can you explain the message, what did she say? no! that's between you and her majesty? that's between the queen and i, yes.

i've been really honoured that this should happen and i'm thrilled that it did happen. and thank you everybody who subscribed to the funds. i really appreciate it. and thank you all very much. it all started with a family challenge to walk 100 lengths of the garden, to mark his upcoming 100th birthday. sir tom's journey captured the imagination of people around the world. the original target was to raise £1,000 for nhs charities. the final amount topped 32 million. of course, his family, including his daughter and two grandchildren, were here to support sir tom, we've been so delighted. it's him, he'sa we've been so delighted. it's him, he's a beacon of hope. don't forget you can get in touch with me and some of the team on twitter —

i'm @kacungira thanks for watching and i'll see you ina bit. thanks for watching and i'll see you in a bit. stay with us on bbc news. good evening. sunshine at this time of year is pretty strong so it doesn't take much for those temperatures to respond once we get it. and we certainly had it on friday with temperatures widely in the south—east corner around the mid to high 20s. beautiful blue sky and sunshine here but not for all of us. this weather front brought cloud and rain, and the rain was fairly slow moving. behind it, plenty of isobars driving in some showers to the north—west of the great glen. so, that is going to be the story over the next few hours. we will see cloud and rain slowly meandering its way into north of england and north wales. it stays relatively mild, even muggy, in the south—east corner where we'd seen friday's heat. so as we start off our saturday morning then, that cloud and rain slowly pushing its way steadily south—east. again it is going to stay

on the breezy side of the north—west driving in some showers. so, a day of mixed fortunes really. sunny spells and scattered showers for scotland and northern ireland, the rain will push its way slowly southwards. it's not in any rush at all and that means that east anglia, the midlands and down along that channel coast will again see some sunshine and some warmth. perhaps not quite as warm as today but temperatures peaking into the mid—20s. the question mark unfortunately is what's going to happen to the cricket? if you are following the second test, that weather front just sitting around the north—west, so there's likely to be some interruption to play, hopefully slowly improving as we go through the latter stages of the afternoon. so there it is — really not moving very far very fast. one thing that's interesting about it — it's a cold front. so as it does squeeze its way south and east, it will continue to introduce this fresher air from the north—west. so, you'll notice the difference with the feel of the weather across south—east england particularly on sunday. it may well start off grey,

dull, drizzly in places. slowly brightening up, we keep the risk of some showers driven on by that westerly breeze in the far north—west. a look at the temperatures widely into the mid to high teens. if we're lucky, we may well see 21 degrees but high pressure is set to build and start the week off on quite a quiet note. a good deal of dry weather before there is the risk of more cloud and rain pushing into the far north—west later on in the week. take care.

this is bbc world news, the headlines:

the us government's leading expert on covid—19 has urged all americans to wear face masks to stop a sharp rise in infections. he's insisted that although the current situation looks bleak, the virus will eventually be overcome. eu leaders are attempting to agree a huge covid—19 stimulus package, in their first face to face meeting since the pandemic began. the 27 countries are split on how much should be handed out in grants and in loans. a faster and less invasive coronavirus test is being piloted in the british city of southampton. it uses saliva, rather than a swab taken from the back of the nose or throat and promises results within minutes rather than hours centenarian fundraiser captain tom moore is now captain sir tom moore — after being knighted by the queen at windsor castle. you are watching bbc news.

borisjohnson has announced further steps to ease the coronavirus lockdown in england, offering a roadmap of measures that he says will return the country to "significa nt normality, possibly in time for christmas." from the beginning of next month, employers will have the power to decide whether they want workers to return to the office, and those heading back to work can use public transport as needed. local authorities have been given the power to introduce their own regional lockdowns from tomorrow, if infection rates rise. vicki young reports the journey out of lockdown has been slow and cautious. now the government is mapping out the next stage for england, hoping to encourage us back on public transport. back to the office. and back to the shops. but even after all these months it's impossible to say whether life will be normal by november.