for you. you have lost your friend? yes, lost a friend, and a huge influence on many, many people from my generation and later generations of guitar players. but he was such an interesting guy to be around. always something to talk about with him. he was a very enigmatic kind of quy- him. he was a very enigmatic kind of guy. very funny, as well. he sounds, from what he said, as if he was pretty down—to—earth for a rock and roll star, so to speak? yeah, he kind of... the perception of being a rock star, he was never interested in it, hejust wanted to be a musician and played a guitar, he loved his bruise on his fishing, he was a pretty regular guy, that happened to be peter green. when you saidi happened to be peter green. when you said i always have to pinch myself, what did you mean by that? well, i grew up with his music and was a fan of his from the early days. to play the guitar like he did was always a

dream. you get to a point when you area dream. you get to a point when you are a professional and he becomes a quy are a professional and he becomes a guy that you can sit down, side by side with. i could never really lose that think of me watching him on stage when i was 19 or 20, to sitting down and having a cup of tea with him injanuary this year or whatever. and he would never, if i said, you were a great influence on me and many other people, he would just say, well, i don't know why, i just say, well, i don't know why, i just played the guitar. how did he reflect on his time in fleetwood mac? for some, one reflect on his time in fleetwood mac? forsome, one of reflect on his time in fleetwood mac? for some, one of the greatest bands ever? we talked about the early days quite a lot. especially when i was fortu nate a lot. especially when i was fortunate enough to be with him. we listen to some old fleetwood mac stuff that he hadn't heard before. once againifound stuff that he hadn't heard before. once again i found myself in a situation where i was watching peter green watching himself play in 1968, and it really was a special moment for me, which i did say at the time, i'm finding this very poignant. he

said, why, it'sjust a record? talking of records, for many we are talking albatross, black magic woman, are those songs he was particularly proud of, or was there a tune he wished? i asked him a lot about man of the world, the lyrics, that kind of thing, but he never really said to me if he was particularly sad that day or whatever. what is it really about, i would say. he would say i'm not sure. he was very self—deprecating ina sure. he was very self—deprecating in a way. he knew how good he was, as well. thank you so much for your time. you are welcome. thank you for having me. are paying tribute to peter green who has died at the age of 73. —— we are paying tribute. you are watching bbc news. audiences from all around the world question

their leaders on global issues. hello and welcome to london for this edition of global questions, with me zeinab badawi. could we have a cleaner world after covid—19? national lock downs have led to reduced economic activity and affected livelihoods across the world. but, despite the pain, this has resulted in lower levels of carbon emissions and better air quality. so, many believe the time is now right for greater action on climate change. that's coronavirus — a better environment for the earth? well, i'm now inside the bbc headquarters here in central london. and to bring you this edition of global questions, as always, our two panellists and our audience who are going to be

asking questions, join us via video link. so, let me tell you who is in the hot seat this week. inger andersson is executive director of the united nations environment programme. before that she ran the international union for conservation of nature. she has more than 30 years of experience in sustainable and international development. and lily cole is the british actress, writer and climate activist. her new book, who cares wins, reasons for optimism in ourchanging world, examines different approaches to the environment crisis. welcome to you both, and to our audience, questioners whojoin us from all over the world, and a solitary round of applause from me, and rememberyou, too, can join the conversation. it is #bbcglobalouestions. let's get down to our first question straightaway. we are going to just outside cairo in egypt, to amira zanoun — amira, fire away. although the proportion

of pollution has been decreased, during the coronavirus pandemic, but also we witnessed a significant increase in using disposable tools such as face coverings and other things which are used in restaurants and in takeaway meals, so how is the government limiting these things, and how is it producing reusable and affordable alternatives? lily cole, a lot of people worried about all that plastic that is being used in the personal protection and all the rest of it. in the book, who cares wins, i have a whole chapter where i look at plastic and waste specifically. there are lots of interesting things happening, especially from the technology sector, that suggest we are finding ways to build plastics in more environmentally friendly ways, like bioplastics. but also we are building waste systems that are more sensible, and there have been some really ambitious policies, maybe inger can speak more about that, from the eu, for example, and different countries around the world, banning certain types of single—use plastics and i would hope that we don't take a step backwards and we keep moving forward in terms of how we bring

together the contradictions of needing single use, needing hygienic products but also needing to think about long—term health notjust short—term health. inger, it is a race against time for so many governments trying to tackle covid—19. they need all that plastic for the coverings and so on. lives are endangered. but it's polluting the oceans. what can we do, and can we do it quickly enough? who says that about 89 million masks will be required every month, so just think about those numbers. that's plastic masks. then you add the cloth masks that are used by every other person nowadays. so, the issue here is getting the investment in for the poorer countries so that they can incinerate, and also, frankly, getting plastic out of the supply chain, and here, a big shout out to africa. africa was the first

one stepping in to ban single—use plastics, single—use bags, either in kenya although now i am not in kenya, but kenya, rwanda, 3a countries have banned single—use, and more, and you can take lessons from that because it is entirely possible. of course it is entirely possible, but is it going to happen, and quickly enough? well, right now, no, because many countries don't have incineration facilities. many small village hospitals all through the developing world, don't even have this. we have this open burning, where people are breathing in these fumes, it is double, triple, quadruple bad for the soil, the people, the oceans etc. but we need to get there, and that's why investing in circularity, first of all, well, first of all, getting it out of the supply chain, to circularity, and through waste management and separation. so, entirely possible but still some

question marks, i think, about whether it can be achieved or not. ok, amira in egypt, i hope that's answered your question. let us now go to brazil, to leon hendrix. your question please, leon. given the socioeconomic impact of covid—19, how much will sustainability feature as part of the recovery? will governments be more focused on creating jobs, or the environment? is it an either/or situation, inger? it is both. this is not an either/or situation. there was a time when people thought that, you know, you could pollute your way to wealth, you could dispose into the environment, stuff, and become wealthy and then you could clean up later with the wealth that you have, and some countries did, and they exported their dirt to other countries. that's no longer really possible, thankfully, exporting your garbage

to other countries. so then what we need to do is, we need to invest in green, and in opportunities, and they are very much doable. investing in green opportunities, investing in opportunities, and understanding about how half our gdp is dependant on nature, our health, our well—being and our happiness, all of that stuff is important. so maybe also to see that it is no longerjust people like myself and lily who say this. the world economic forum in january, business leaders said out of the top ten risks they see to future profits and growth, five of them are in nature, so that is what we understand, you have to do both and that is where the opportunities really lie. lily cole, are you worried that the climate change agenda will be put on the back burner as people race to try to recover their economies?

i'm in a strange limbo between amazing hope, possibility, optimism, and nervousness, and fear, because i think we are in a pivotal moment where alomst anything is possible. the fact that a policy idea like universal basic income i wrote about in the book, which a year ago felt like a fairly radical idea was being experimented by a few communities around the world. the fact that spain will potentially adopt that as a whole country is extraordinary. i give that as an example just to say i think there's the potential for political ambition that we haven't seen in the past, and it would be insane, given all the scientific warnings, if we didn't use this moment to mitigate against the bigger crises that are on the horizon, biodiversity crisis, the water crisis, the environmental climate change crisis. if we'd listened to the warnings around the risks of pandemics we wouldn't have got into this situation, and i agree with inger

it is fundamentally financially unviable to not listen to science and take into consideration risk management. whether that actually happens, and whether the politicians in power right now do make those choices, i'm not going to pretend i know or be a profit of, but i'm hopeful that some sense will come into the guiding of the decisions that we make now. leon, do you share any optimism on the question you have asked? i would certainly hope so. there needs to be a focus on the environment and the economy and i understand that post covid—19 there will be a lot of people that must go you back to work and rebuilding the economy, but for me, i agree with you guys, that it has got to be alongside the environment. thanks very much indeed. let us go now to the capital of slovakia, bratislava to stella. i got that right, didn't i, stella?

yes, you did. good! do you think the pandemic will make countries more likely to adopt the european green deal, notjust in europe, but all around the world? thank you very much indeed, stella. referring ther to the european green deal that the eu, of course, has brought about to pursue economic growth in a way that is clean and sustainable and to create jobs, is this kind of idea something that will catch fire in other parts of the world? your response, inger? i think it is, and i think it already has. we have seen just this week the approval of this massive new budget at the european level, which has, about 30% of that goes to climate change so in europe, it is a done deal, i think it will then slowly work into trade, and consumer demands, and imported manufactured goods, and what you and i buy off—the—shelf, and what we would want to buy in terms of its footprint, its carbon footprint, so this idea of investing in clean energy

and investing in different types of refurbishing of housing, investing in public transport, investing in greener and better farming, and obviously climate action at large is huge. before i come to lily, though, you say that it has got traction in other parts of the world. we have seen, for example, the french government tying its bailouts to green goals, it gave a lot of money to airfrance, and it's said, fine, you have got to meet these new carbon targets. do you want to see that kind of principle applied in other parts of the world? we are not necessarily seeing that. in the us, for instance. i would say that... i mean, look, every country and certainly the developing countries have had to do more modest stimulus packages but even there, let me take pakistan as an example. they have this tree planting programme. what did they do?

they repurposed around 100 million, into creating green jobs for planting trees, right now, this april and may. new zealand, not a poor country, has pushed out about 3 billion that includes climate resilience etc. it is catching on and there is an understanding that, in countries that have a great economy already, and countries that have dirty manufacturing, that they need to leapfrog, and those that don't —— in countries that have a grey economy already, and countries that have dirty manufacturing, that they need to leapfrog, and those that don't they want to jump right over that polluting edge. you are very optimistic, inger! let's see if lily cole shares that optimism. has the idea of a green deal got universal appeal, in your opinion, lily? i think it's super exciting that it is coming this high up into the political agenda. the green new deal has been bandied

around for some time with different incarnations of it, whether it is slightly to the left or to the right, and it is a fundamentally simple and important idea. if you are going to rebuild the economy, which we need to do to stay within climate agreements, and try to control the environment for the next generation, then we need to do that in a green way, and i think the fact that the eu are doing this is super inspiring and encouraging and hopefully will set up a precedent for the rest of the world. that said, there has been criticism around whether it is ambitious enough, i co—signed a letter the week before written by four youth climate activists demanding ambitious actions from eu leaders, and i don't think it would probably meet that level of ambition but it feels like a really promising, a sincerely promising step in the right direction and hopefully a signal to the rest of the world. let's go back to stella who asked the question to see what she thinks. stella ?

i hope you will be right, and i hope that the green deal is going to win. all right. she said that with a big smile. so there we go. let's go to india now, and to mania kumar, what do you want to ask our two panellists, lily cole and inger anderson? my question is will the transmission to renewable energy be slowed down or halted because of rock bottom oil prices, and the need to get economies up and running after the covid—19 related shutdowns? lily cole? i think we do have choices right now. everyone of us also has choices to make right now in terms of how this is played out. we know we need to move away from fossil fuels, we know we need to move towards renewables, because the science is very clear that we will run into more and more of these crises if we don't make these transitions. and i think that there are encouraging signs that that movement is possible. both from a political level but also from an individual level where you see decentralisation of energy, and there has been

movement towards decentralisation in covid generally where people focus more on local economies, on growing their own vegetable patch, and if you think about that when it comes to build local energy cooperatives and trying to take local ownership of energy, then we'd be proactive players in the move towards renewable. inger, we've seen a reduction in the demand for oil which has made prices plummet and fossil fuels, do you think this will assist the transition to renewable energy? i was too optimistic so i am afraid to continue but yes i do, and here is the reason why. who invests in these? right now it is rock bottom, yes. but bp has had to do a massive download evaluation of their company assets, when they look into the future, and why is that? because they know that the days are coming for the end of hydrocarbons. and when we look at institutional

investors, those who help us get a pension, they are beginning to disinvest in hydrocarbon, in oil and coal, why? because if you are 22 today and you begin to take out a pension scheme, you want to be able to draw that where you will have a profit at that time so we have seen market shift. about $5 trillion of pension money has moved out of hydrocarbons, and we have seen, for example, fracking is down by one third, the fracking industry in north america, so there are some movements. obviously, part of that is to do with what we are seeing in the lack of demand, but another thing is consumer choices and market futures, so, yes, i remain optimistic, i have to say. you do. i'm going to have to puncture that optimism a little bit to say that a lot of the people who contacted us on social media say, actually, you know, there's not going to be that much of a difference in their opinion.

there seems to be more scepticism that, you know, what has gone on, the plummet in carbon emissions we have seen during the coronavirus pandemic and the lockdown is going to be permanent. they will not be permanent. every nation is going on a different direction, so it depends on what nations do, and so i think there's more scepticism although there seems to be an acknowledgement that air travel is going to remain depressed. let's go to our next question. it's david scott in new york, new york. david, your question, please. why is climate change so white? why does it appear that the voices of indigenous people, and people of colour, are always relegated to the margins? lily cole, is it all a bit too western centric?

i think it is an important question, thank you. climate change is not white. there have been people for hundreds of years trying to protect their water, their land, indigenous communities, and those are maybe not seen as environmental activists, but have been at the forefront of environmental activism and they still are today. there is a different question. you could say that the communities first being heavily impacted by climate change are often developing world countries, people of colour, etc, marginalised communities around the world. now, why does climate change appear as a white, kind of, campaign? is it a slightly different question, which i think takes us to the media, and to our own biases in society which covid has been showing up. why do we celebrate white activists, focus on white activists, over and above the voices of other activists that do exist and have existed? that is an important question to ask. i think the last few months as we have seen with different

protest movements are making maybe more awareness of how interconnected these are, environmental issues are intersected with issues of socialjustice, and our history of racial injustice, and so, we went out that that narrative will evolve. inger, david scott asks why climate change is so white? the answer that lily gave is right, there's a degree of white privilege to being asked these questions, but i also want to say this. in africa, and this is building on this question, climate change is very much a real issue in africa to the folks who live there. and nelson mandela was one of the first together with ellenjohnson, who was the president of liberia, the first female president and others, to actually talk

about climate justice, and they founded something called the elders and together with jimmy carter and others, they focused on climate justice and environmentaljustice and there, professor volla rd, a well—known african—american scholar, who is often considered the father of environmentaljustice, is precisely spot on. this is his issue that it is those who are most marginalised who are likely to have the least voice who are getting hit the hardest, and that is the thing with climate change. it is also the thing with pollution, and with dirty water and also the thing with etc, etc, so we have to hear all of these voices, and ensure that they come through mainstream media, but i will say where i live, climate change, the politicians in kenya are deeply concerned about this, placing this as a high priority because they are seeing locusts and rainfall changing and the circumstances, and they become the victim of other people's emissions and therefore

speak out on change. our final question is from india and akash choudry. does the way that communities around the world have joined hands to try and find a solution to the pandemic make you optimistic enough to believe that we are in for a radical change in the way that we relate to the environment, once the pandemic is over, or do you think human civilisation is going to go back to being indifferent towards the natural world, to the way it was before all of this really started? inger, is this really going to bring about change, or is it going to be back to business as usual? there will be those who deny what has happened and who want to flip back to what it was prior, and others who will see and understand the science behind what has happened and seek to move beyond. what i found remarkable about this is that people

listened to the science. it wasn't about fake science, it was the science — you need to stay at home, you need to wash your hands. we saw that the three major religions essentially did not celebrate the way they normally do easter, ramadan and eid, as well as thejewish holy days. so, there was an understanding that science was speaking. on climate change, do you think people are going to say, we have seen cleaner air, we are connecting with nature, wildlife is re—emerging, we want to keep it that way and hang onto the gains. people saw how easy nature forgives us for our trespassers. you give nature half a break

and it will bounce back, air will clean up, i think that was miraculous to many who thought they would never see the clarity of vision that they saw in india, or beijing, etc. i hope that they will take that knowledge with them into their workplaces, into the discussion places, into the voting booths, over the dinner table, to have these discussions about flicking that green switch, and insisting that the only way that we can get sustainable futures for the next generation, and the generation thereafter, is to invest in a green future, and if we don't, then we can think about covid as an overture for what is to come, because if we think covid was bad we don't even want to begin to think about climate change. so, i hope this is the way that we will go, and i have to have faith that the majority of people, there will always be those who go in the other direction, but the majority of nations and people will take that turn,

and go for sustainable and green. lily cole? so, in the introduction to my book which was written before the crisis i use this metaphor, of how two football teams in the uk for example, arsenal and chelsea might be completely against each other, their fans might be antagonistic to each other and then when england plays another country like france those same fans willjoin together and stand side by side to try and beat the enemy. it is a metaphor for, what is the enemy we need to come together as a global community? and i was talking about it in terms of the climate crisis, which does impact every single human being living on this planet regardless of their situation, and hoping that that might be an enemy that we would band together to work against, and i think covid has been that enemy, and it has been extraordinary to see how the global community and local

communities have worked together and how much kindness, and solidarity, and cooperation has emerged in response to the crisis. whether we take that metaphor and apply it immediately, which would be my hope is questionable, but the reality is that we cannot avoid the crisis. cannot avoid it. the science is very clear. the question is, do you want to come together as a global community to try to mitigate the risks now, or do we want to wait until later down the line and deal with the crisis at that point, and hopefully at that point we will still be community spirited and cooperative but it will be harder to manage it. the very fact that these international agreements exist, the fact that paris was signed, they do show that international cooperation is happening. that is not to say that everything is going in the right direction, there is not enough ambition, there are certain players who are not acting in the way we would want or hope them to be, but we can pat ourselves

on the back and recognise we have built an international framework that is trying to solve this crisis and trying to work together. lily cole and inger anderson, thank you very much indeed, and also to my questioners. that's all from this edition of global questions, i think we have brought you some thoughts on the unexpected positive benefits of the terrible covid crisis for our planet. remember we are the programme that brings you the trend lines behind the headlines. thank you wherever you are watching or listening to this programme, and if you want to be part of the programme, submit a question to the panel, you can e—mail us at... until next time, from me, zeinab badawi, and the rest of the global questions team, goodbye.

delivering papers used to mean waking up really early.

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