here's our arts correspondent, david sillito. three, two, one. # happy birthday to you. we are in a basement, in a zero particle clean room, listening to happy birthday being sung over and over again. # happy birthday, dear susan. the reason? to try to find out if singing is any riskier than speaking. so, what is being measured here is what is coming out of our mouths, the big droplets that maybe go about two metres, but also the much, much smaller ones, and that has been captured by this, what is known as the aerosol. happy birthday, dear susan. happy birthday to you. droplets are typically understood to fall a metre or two in front of the face and that is the basis of social distancing. the aerosols on the other hand are much smaller and they hang around in the air and until they are ventilated away, they hang around

exactly where they are. choral singing was one of the first activities to be shut down and when lockdown was eased, singers were still told to be three metres apart. those restrictions have now been eased, to normal two metres social distancing, in part because the researchers‘ findings have found there is only a small difference between singing and speaking. however, they have discovered that volume matters. loud singing or shouting can lead to a 30 fold increase in what is spraying out of our mouths. i think volume is absolutely key, so if there is a lot of background noise in the place, people are speaking or singing very loudly, because of that, actually that would make me wary. the music business has already been experimenting with socially distanced gigs, but it appears the issue isn't music, it is large,

noisy crowds and enclosed spaces. the message from today's research is that what matters is volume and ventilation. david sillito, bbc news. that's it. now on bbc one, time for the news where you are. have a very good night. welcome to bbc london. i'm victoria hollins. hello to viewers in the uk joining

those around the world. it's now time for us to take a first look at the national hello and welcome to our look ahead to what the the papers will be bringing us tomorrow. with me are broadcaster john stapleton and jessica elgot, deputy political editor of the guardian. tomorrow's front pages, starting with students in parts of the uk received their gcse results today, and the i describes the pupils "joy" as more than a quarter scored

the equivalent of an a or above — as grades were decided on teachers predictions. holidays to portugal are "back on" after the uk government added the country to it's travel corridor but the telegraph warns it's "too late" for summer. the guardian focuses on a local angle in the outbreak and says authorities in birmingham fear there will be a city lockdown after a rise in infections in england — hitting its highest level since mid june. also covering the pandemic is the french paper le figaro — which describes the rise in coronavirus cases in people under a0 — despite it not being reflected in the number of people being admitted to hospital with severe cases. in the us, the financial times reports on president trump's former adviser being charged with fraud. steve bannon allegedly defrauded hundreds of thousands of people who donated to a crowd—funding campaign to build a wall along the us—mexico border. the brother of the suicide bomber of the manchester arena terror attack has been sentenced

to a minimum of 55 years in prison. the metro reports that the victims families said justice has prevailed. so let's begin... very good evening to both of you, john and jessica, nice to see you both again. good to be here, thank you.|j both again. good to be here, thank you. i hope you are both well, let's kick off with the telegraph. so, a story that brokejust a few with the telegraph. so, a story that broke just a few hours ago, really, which is another change to the travel corridor‘s list as they are calling it, so, basically commits the countries that if you travel to them, when you come back, you will have to now quarantine for two weeks. let's start with you, john, the daily telegraph is actually presenting the positive story out of this which is that portugal, very popular tourist destination for people here in the uk is now out of the quarantine.

that is good news, but it's a bit late in the day, as did, because kids are going back to school in a few days‘ time, most would like to go in august, i'm sure it's lovely in september, i'm sure i've been there in september and it is lovely, but it's a bit late in the day for most people, but then i do have to sympathise with governments, what can they do? they see this spike in cases in countries around the world like croatia which we will come to ina minute, like croatia which we will come to in a minute, they have to act, and when it eases down they say, ok, well, it's not clear to go. they don't give people very long. i suppose people who are currently in portugal and were planning to come home this weekend may now want to delay their return because if they come home before four o'clock on saturday morning, they are going to do phase two weeks of quarantine, and if they come back after that, they will be ok. even worse news for croatia, of course, people in croatia, of course, people in croatia, 20,000 people in croatia now have to get back before 4am on saturday morning otherwise they will face two weeks of quarantine as well, and i'm told, anyway, that's going to be difficult indeed,

because tomorrow, the only flights out of croatia are oats of cigarettes, they are costing a fortune, and as the grant is a long way away, it's another lovely pupil country. jessica, we'lljust bring you income as well as croatia as trinidad and tobago and austria as well, this article here on the front page of the telegraph saying switzerland and greece are understood to remain under a close watch by officials, i certainly know if you people who decided to go to greece because they thought that would be a safe country. greece was one of the ones early on when people strip booking summer holidays when people started handling the pandemic pretty well when cases are low and it seemed like a less risky option, and they have been testing people at airports, something that places like heathrow have been calling on the government to do here, i mean, i think there is a bit of a debate about whether that's actually an effective thing to do and whether it would actually catch enough people coming back in, but with croatia, what it seems like has happened and this is the way that the joint

bio—security centre seem to make these assessments is that it looks at whether they can pinpoint cases that have actually been imported from these countries and it seems like there were number of cases imported from croatia, and when you start to see that some you start to think i'm a welcoming you know, the government is going to start to think, we can't risk this any more. john, do you think it was too soon for people to be, encouraged as the wrong word, but that they were told it's ok to go on holiday, and i'm sure you know lots of people who have holiday in europe them as do i, do you think it was too soon? seriously, one in ireland and two in this country who have caught front a virus are various reasons. i was going to north, my hometown, which may come to innotech, but i can't stay with friends up there because of the restriction. but you are with us of the restriction. but you are with us tonight, john and that is great. i wasn't fishing for components, but yes. in fairness to the government, iam yes. in fairness to the government, i am critical of the government in

many respects when it comes down to it on other issues, but in fairness to government, it's a difficult one, this. but it's difficult for families and trying to plan, is how do you plan anything on the situation can change so rapidly. it's really, i mean 3a hours they've got now to actually gets back from croatia, as i said earlier, the only flights out of the one airport as i know. it's really tricky for all concerned. it would be lovely if they gave people just a little bit more time. the last time this happened from the announcement was on thursday night, and they are getting back by 4am on thursday evening. i do suffice with the government on this one, because, you know, we have been here before and they cannot possibly encourage people to go on holidays to places where there may —— they may contract this virus. 0n the other hand, they should encourage them to go if they think the risk is minimal. jessica, there could be a way around this though, the article here talks about you know, renewed cause for the introduction of airport testing. for a long time, there were concerns that there was no sort of testing at

all in the uk come even temperature checks, whereas a lot of countries did have thoughts, jessica. yeah, andl did have thoughts, jessica. yeah, and i think there has been some comments from travellers coming back even anecdotally about it, there does seem to be a kind of lack of anything when you come into a uk airports. testing at airports, there is, i think, airports. testing at airports, there is, ithink, quite airports. testing at airports, there is, i think, quite a airports. testing at airports, there is, ithink, quite a bit airports. testing at airports, there is, i think, quite a bit of scientific debate about, there was modelling done by the london school of hygiene and tropical medicine looking at how much of a it would have and they reckoned it would catch 50% of cases, which is a number, but it still obviously allows a lot to slip through the net. if you made people quarantine for a week after that and tested them again seven days later, then allowed them out, that would catch about i think 94—95% of cases, and that would cut quarantine time by a week, so that is something that the government was said to be considering right at the beginning when they reimpose the quarantine restrictions on spain. that has kind

of dissipated a bit, but may be you know with cases rising across europe, that something that is going to have to be brought up again. it's interesting, when i flew to india in early march, had developed forms, say where i'd been, all my contact details and get my temperature taken and a thermal photograph, so it's quite a contrast, isn't it, countries doing different things, differently. a stain on the issue of coronavirus, the story there is just talking about more people getting... cases continue to increase in some places, hospitaladmissions cases continue to increase in some places, hospital admissions are actually not increasing, tell us more about what this story is saying, john? yeah, obviously still a great concern in france about this huge problem. it remains a big problem as well, but what this story is saying, basically, although there is saying, basically, although there is you know, plenty of cases still around, its largely young people or appears to be largely young people, and as you indicated, it's not resulting in a significant rise in

deaths or hospital admission suggesting that younger people are contracting the virus, but surviving it. maybe, i'm notan contracting the virus, but surviving it. maybe, i'm not an expert byi million miles, but it may be a similar thing is happening here. million miles, but it may be a similarthing is happening here. i was looking at figures today, on average, we are getting just over 1000 cases confirmed each day, but the death rate has fallen dramatically. so it is possible that a similarthing is dramatically. so it is possible that a similar thing is happening here. despite that, spikes that you referred to earlier in birmingham which may face locked on. as i say, my old town was in danger of locked on today. i don't think there's been an announcement to that effect yet as far as an announcement to that effect yet as faras 0ldham an announcement to that effect yet as far as 0ldham is concerned because, again, there has been a significant drop in the number of cases dealing with it there, but a lot of testing going on in that town as indeed there is up—and—down the country to try to minimise the impact of this dreadful dreadful pandemic. just got them i know we have all become armchair epidemiologists in the last few months, but whatjohn was saying they're about more cases continuing to be kind of study, but hospital

admissions not really being at the same level, is that getting closer to what we have talked about when it comes to herd immunity? yeah, it's interesting, isn't it? iwouldn't wa nt interesting, isn't it? iwouldn't want to surmise about that, but i think it's probably to do with the fa ct think it's probably to do with the fact that younger people are less likely, you know, we know that this disease that your chances of hospitalization and even dying rapidly increases over a year 70. we also know that we are getting better at treating it. so you know, perhaps you are not seeing much of verizon hospital admissions in france, but also not seeing a rise in deaths, and perhaps that has something to do with getting better at recognising the symptoms earlier and getting better treatment. obviously as well, perhaps there are if you are in a vulnerable category, perhaps you are still being careful that we didn't

know how to do at the beginning of this epidemic, sol know how to do at the beginning of this epidemic, so i think there is a numberof this epidemic, so i think there is a number of reasons why this might be the case, you know, could easily be something that happens here as well. let's move on to a completely different subject. us elections. us politics. john and i were both out there in 2008 in washington. i think that might be the last time i saw you, actually come up at the front page of the financial times, john, steve bannon former chief strategist to president trump use to be very very close until they reportedly fell out, but he is being charged with fraud over funds raised for term's mexico border wall. that's quite the headline. just explain what exactly has happened with regards to steve bannon. not a good date because thejudge has kicked out the to keep his financial record secrets. as he really say, he is in court right now, or certainly sometime very soon in new york, charged with laundering money and fried it in relation to

this fund he set up with three others to raise money, tourney $5 million they raised, to help build a wall on the border with mexico, and it's alleged that mr bannon said he wouldn't take a penny out of its come and took $1 million out of it for his own purposes and some of his collea g u es for his own purposes and some of his colleagues did similar things. not a good day for mr trump, who, very very quickness on television this afternoon had distanced himself from him and said, yes, he did work for me for a short time at the beginning of this administration, but he was actually his chief strategist, the architect of the election if the truth be told, than they fell out as you rightly said, they fell out and mr bannon went his only. mr term very keen to distance himself from mr bannon on this issue, saying that he thought this whole idea of this fund was a bad idea, it was mr bannon showboating and if you're going to start a fund like this, it has to be done through government, and of course, it wasn't done through government because congress refused to finance it. jessica, it

is so hard to predict how this may 01’ is so hard to predict how this may or may