the actor chadwick boseman, who starred in the black panther superhero film, has died of colon cancer at the age of a2. a statement on his twitter account called him a true fighter. he died at home with his family by his side. thousands of protesters have gathered in washington dc to protest for justice and racial equality. the demonstration was called on the anniversary of the civil rights march on washington in 1963, when martin luther king delivered his famous "i have a dream" speech. british scientists have been given nearly $9 million to try to find out how long immunity from coronavirus lasts. they believe that understanding how our immune systems respond to the coronavirus could be one of the key factors in getting life back to normal. organisers of illegal raves and music events can be fined

up to ten thousand pounds, under new laws in england and wales. it means that anyone responsible for gatherings of more than 30 could be fined. in london, a500 officers will be on duty over the bank holiday weekend, as police expect a rise in the number of illegal events. danny savage reports. a recent saturday night in manchester. in normal times, this house party with a marquee in the garden might not be a problem. but these aren't normal times. police have now banned the tenant from having anybody but themselves at home. this illegal behaviour has been happening across the area and the authorities are fed up. last weekend we had mutual aid provided by four other police forces and that will happen again this weekend. we have got 100 extra officers coming in from other adjacent police forces and of course there's a financial cost to that because we have to pay for those additional officers.

and this is how the police respond. face masks on, shepherding people out into the night. police officer: keep moving that way for us, please. thank you. dispersal is the priority. and these are areas where tighter covid restrictions are already in place. another factor is that this weekend should have seen some of the biggest music festivals in the uk. this is where the leeds festival should be taking place right here, right now. but it's been cancelled and there is concern that people will go looking for unofficial, illegal, alternatives. some landowners are so concerned they're paying for extra security this weekend to deter rave organisers. here's a flyer we think is linked to one last weekend. the locations are revealed at the last minute, word quickly spreads and the events sprang up. the head of public health

in lancashire is concerned about an illegal rave there last weekend. we are right in the middle of the pandemic, and we are seeing cases rising in some of our towns. so, if you're trying to organise a rave at this point in time, i think it's irresponsible and unacceptable, especially to target young people. raves have been taking place since lockdown was eased. this was somerset last month. in scotland now, police have the power to break up gatherings of more than 15 people. this was london injuly. the worry is these are high—risk super—spreader events which could cause a spike in infections. danny savage, bbc news. now on bbc news it's time for witness history. hello, and welcome to witness history, with me, tania beckett here at the royal academy in

london. today we present five extraordinary moments in history as told to us by the people who were there. the moment eddie amin expelled thousands of ugandan asians in the 1970s, and the artist couple who wrapped the reichstag in fabric. in 1989 the chinese army opened fire on tens of thousands of students in tiananmen square. they had been demonstrating for weeks, demanding greater political freedom. dan wang that was one of the protest leaders. this is his account of what happened. the noise of gunfire rose from all over the centre of peking.

translation: someone called us from a phone box on the street in tiananmen square. he said the government had opened fire on the students. i've never thought anything like that would happen. iwas thought anything like that would happen. i was in shock. the troops have been firing indiscriminately but still, there are thousands of people on the streets who will not go back. translation: we immediately organised 200 stu d e nts to immediately organised 200 students to go to tiananmen square to support the others, but all the main roads were blocked by the army lorries. i was on my first year in peking university. i was 20 years old. a play a leading role from the very beginning of the protests. we went onto the streets to demand democracy. although the communist party had tried to

reform, it hadn't done enough, and we wanted to pay tribute to the communist party leader who had just died. we students love him deeply, because he was open—minded. i left tiananmen square around noon onjuly the third, although we all knew we we re third, although we all knew we were surrounded by troops, people were smiling. everyone was so people were smiling. everyone was so optimistic that we were going to when. on the evening ofjune three, i was in my dormitory and peking university with other students, discussing the future of our protests. tanks and troops are patrolling the streets of central peking after the blighty operation to crush student led protests. some reports say more than 2000 civilians were killed on last night's army assault on

tiananmen square held by students demanding greater democracy and an end to corruption. translation: other student told me, they have to hide. they had me in the other universities and i went on the run for about a month. i didn't have a radio to listen to updates about the crackdown. i didn't dare turn on the tv either. after being on the run for a month, i'd decided to go back to beijing, because i've realised that the longer i head, the more guilty i would look. i didn't want to live like a rat hidden in a tiny room, like a rat hidden in a tiny room , never like a rat hidden in a tiny i’oott‘i, never coming like a rat hidden in a tiny room, never coming out for daylight. as soon as they went

back to beijing, i was arrested. i was in prison for nearly a year before and was put on trial. then, was sentenced to four years in jail. are you even thought it would be executed because i was number one on the chinese government's wanted list. a turned my life upside down. i'd always been a top student and it was a leader in the communist party youth league. who would have thought i would end up in prison, then an egg sale? the tiananmen square crackdown changed my whole life. otherwise, iwould be a poet. the former tiananmen square protest leader dan wang. next, the story behind a legal reform that has changed many lives. in 1972 england and

wales became the first countries to pioneer a new alternative to prison. it was called community service. the scheme was soon copied around the world. we hearfrom one of the world. we hearfrom one of the people in charge of implementing this new sentence for criminals. britain has one of the world's largest prison populations. we maintain 42,000 prisoners and victorian conditions designed for half that number. it costs more than twice as much to send your son to wormwood scrubs as it does to wormwood scrubs as it does to send him to eat and. prison sentences, particularly short—term, were not effective. but 70% of people who were serving less than 12 months we re serving less than 12 months were being reconvened, so prison in that sense was a favour. some of the younger chaps who were in here, they come in here for small sentences and go out as adults.

the great and the good in legal terms began to think we must be able to do something more constructive as an alternative to prison and community service was at least a worthwhile experience to see if we could have some positive results and reduce the level of reoffending. in 1972, the then home secretary introduced the criminaljustice act which brought forward community service orders as a new method of reducing the prison population. this was completely new, a world first. as an alternative to prison, and offender is given 40 hours and is expected to do constructive work in the community, but as a senior probation officer responsible for the introduction of community service. on the other hand, you

could use community service as some kind of springboard for revegetation. some people have said it is a form of reparation, making up for the damage one has done in the past. we have people in community service for burglary, theft, grievous bodily harm, dangerous driving, all kinds of different offences. come on beth, come on. you can do better than that. we had negotiated a whole series of tasks with voluntary organisations, public sector, youth clubs. the benefits to the community are obvious enough. this church hall has had £3000 worth of work done by offenders. people who had been in trouble felt valued. they learned new social skills. in that sense it bore great fruit. sports night at a youth club in nottingham stopping the instructor is an ex— boxer and

an ex—convict. he has spent 20 yea rs an ex—convict. he has spent 20 years inside. has been convicted of robbery with violence and would be injail again today if he hadn't been given an alternative. 200 hours community service in his spare time. all the times i'd been inside, a new, no matter what is said, no matter what i wrote people, eventually i was going to be in trouble again, but this timejust, i don't to be in trouble again, but this time just, i don't think so. this time just, i don't think so. we've had more lasting effects in terms of staying out of trouble than those people who have been into prison and didn't have the benefit of a community service order. and it was about a third of the cost of prison. we had lots of visitors from overseas countries wanting to study our legislation. we became the most copied piece of legislation in the western world. but i think

these days, politicians talk a punishment because i suspected gets you votes with members of the public. the pioneering probation officerjohn harding. now, we stay in the 1970s. over and uganda, in east africa, the dictator idi amin was in power and in1972 he dictator idi amin was in power and in 1972 he announced plans to expel the country's asian population. about 60,000 people we re population. about 60,000 people were given 90 days to leave the country. we had 90 days to sort

everything out and get out of the country, and he sort of made an impression that if we didn't get out on time, we would be sitting on fire. estimated there are more than 12,000 towns and villages like this and this and uganda and in every one of them the government is pressing its campaign against the asian traders. the asian community was really close—knit, so all the asian shops went in and rolled together and we all knew each other. each family and all the kids knew each other. we we re the kids knew each other. we were not well off but we were co mforta ble. were not well off but we were comfortable. people started rushing to the embassies and my dad had to sign everything over, assets and his business, over, assets and his business, over to the ugandan bank. we we re over to the ugandan bank. we were given £55, that's all he was allowed to take with him. it was just unbelievable, after everything that you own, he was

just left with £55. when we first got to the airport, people's luggage was opened out enclosed in everything, throwing it everywhere so they can check for gold and money and for some reason, my parent put a ring on my finger and we we re put a ring on my finger and we were told to get that ring off me because the ring was so tight, it was quite a struggle to ta ke tight, it was quite a struggle to take it off and the parents tried everything to take this ring off and in the end, it was cut off. the scariest bit was that we had soldiers with guns and knives surrounding, panicking really, to get this ring off. it was a relief that we had to go on this plane and the plane was taking off and probably for my dad he was thinking he got through, he got his family out of the country at last but he was leaving back something that he really loved, the country that he loved. they arrived in cold, wet weather at

sta nsted. arrived in cold, wet weather at stansted. whole arrived in cold, wet weather at sta nsted. whole families arrived in cold, wet weather at stansted. whole families had arrived with little cash. a few belongings they brought often seemed nothing more than sentimental value. the time of the year that we arrived as well, it was like the wintertime. that made it worse is well with the rain and the snow and i'm not seen the snow before. he was scared. because we didn't know where would we go and my mum was told to take is to lester, town called leicester and we did not know what it was like. we did not know any english. when i grew up know any english. when i grew up and went to secondary school, i came through a lot of, you know, abuse, racial abuse, from kids, you know, again calling me names and waiting for me outside school and wanting to, like, beat me up and wanting to, like, beat me up and not liking my colour. recently, we just went back to uganda, ijust recently, we just went back to uganda, i just wanted recently, we just went back to uganda, ijust wanted to see the country that i was born in

and why my parents love that country so much. it was nice to go back to the hospital where i was born. it really was an amazing experience. gita watts who had to begin a new life in britain. remember, you can watch witness history every month on the bbc news channel all you can catch up on all of oui’ all you can catch up on all of our films all you can catch up on all of ourfilms along all you can catch up on all of our films along with more than 1000 radio programmes in our online archive. just search online archive. just search online for bbc witness history. next, go to cuba. injuly 1980 next, go to cuba. injuly1980 nine, four top next, go to cuba. injuly1980 nine, fourtop cuban next, go to cuba. injuly1980 nine, four top cuban officers we re nine, four top cuban officers were sentenced to death and executed after being convicted of drug trafficking. but critics of the regime believe the case was in fact a political attempt to punish the officers for advocating change infidel castro's communist cuba. we hear from infidel castro's communist cuba. we hearfrom iliana de

laguardia, the daughter of one of the executed men. it was the show trial that shook ivana, general ochoa, a comrade in arms of cost and humour of the revolution, sentenced last friday to be shot by firing squad, along with three other army officers. translation: when they went out that my father and, as well as ochoa and the others were sentenced to death, it came as a massive shock. my father looked over to where i was sitting and i did not want to start crying. some of the other relatives broke down and cried. but i did not wa nt down and cried. but i did not want to show that weakness. maybe it was my way of giving my dad a little hope. my father, antonio de laguardia,

was head of a government department created by fidel castro, tasked with breaking the us blockade on cuba. his job was to smuggle in high—tech equipment from the us. my father was accused of being in contact with drug traffickers. it was said that was the only reason he was executed. but for me, it was all about politics. fidel castro wanted to do away with a group of officers who had different opinions to those of the regime. from about 1985, we began to feel the influencing cuba of the reforms in the soviet union, perestroika. these are issues that were being openly talked about here. my friends and i used to sit in the garden with

my father and talk about how things were changing in eastern europe and then you should change too. i did not imagine that expressing those opinions could mean being arrested and then executed. the trial was filmed every day. it lasted a week and was broadcast each night on tv. it was totally controlled. the accused could only say yes or no. the last timel only say yes or no. the last time i visited him injail, was just days before his execution. by just days before his execution. by then, it was obvious that we we re by then, it was obvious that we were going to lose him. he asked me to look after my younger brothers and my grandparents. the death

sentence was carried out on july 13. the families were informed by telegram. on each anniversary of his death, it is my duty to make sure he is remembered as he really was. what i would like now for my family is for the cuban government to recognise that they committed a great injustice. iliana de laguardia is still in exile in paris. now, to one of your‘s dramatic public art projects. injune 1995, artist christo and jean—claude wrapped the former german parliament building the reichstag in fabric. more than 5 million people came to see it and it became a symbol for berlin's renewal after the fall of the wall and the collapse of

communism. christo tells witness history how they did it. it's an eccentric dream but one that a husband and wife tea m one that a husband and wife team have cherished for more than a quarter of a century and this weekend the bulgarian born artist christo and his wife jean—claude began wrapping the german parliament building in silverfabric. german parliament building in silver fabric. it is very difficult to explain it if you cannot see it, no drawings, no sketch and no scale model can match the complexity of the project. the fabric is actually, it is not completely touching the stone, the surface. the project started in 1972. the cold war is still in full speed. you know, the building wall was built. permission to wrap the reichstag was refused three times. if the wall would have falle n times. if the wall would have fallen down, probably it would never have done the reichstag. for more than two decades the artist christo and his wife jean claude have wanted to work with the building that, for them, symbolised the cold war.

you know, iwas them, symbolised the cold war. you know, i was born in bulgaria in 1935. a communist country. and i escaped to the we st country. and i escaped to the west alone speaking only russian and bulgarian. coming from communist country, i had to do something involving the east — west relation. to do something involving the east - west relation. it has been bombed and set on fire, seen war been bombed and set on fire, seen war and revolution, but never before has the reichstag been wrap in silver fabric. we never can believe what is the project until we see the real. christo himself is paying the proper project, hop substantially by proper project, hop su bsta ntially by sales proper project, hop substantially by sales of his sketches and other work. the reichstag cost us $5 million in 1995. it was about probably today about 20 million $5 million. it was wrapped by near 100 rock climbers. they came down and they cover the hundred

thousand square metres of fabric in one week. nowjohn potter myself both together artist, you know, and this time imiss artist, you know, and this time i miss concord so much today because we were i miss concord so much today because we were partners i miss concord so much today because we were partners and we lived together and we fight together and it's like adventure that you cannot repeat it. this novel treatment is, as they say in the classic tradition of art. the reichstag was the victorian building without ornaments or decoration and suddenly it was changed, like a sketch, like what is essential of the high, the width, the forms, and they are all hidden by this fragile material that moves with the wind and constant motion. the building took on a shrine —like nature and was treated with something approaching revere nce . something approaching reverence. it is very special and it is almost changing with the light. the first time in history probably that this building is nice and makes people happy. i came to germany especially to see this project

andi especially to see this project and i think it is great. oh, i don't know really what the point is! for two weeks, the area has witnessed one continuous party with scenes reminiscent of when the berlin wall came down six years ago. everybody who came to see the project, 5 million people in two weeks, in the reichstag. they know that they were seeing something never happened again. last night was the final and the biggest party with 100,000 people swarming around the building well into the early hours. today the dismantling work began and germany's form and future parliament building came blinking into the summer sunshine. then rebuilding start, ready for the german parliament which arrives in 1998. after two weeks it is gone for ever, cannot be repeated, something happened and it will say forever that particular unique moment. the remarkable artist christo. that is all from witness history this month. here at the royal academy. we will be back next

month with more first—hand accou nts month with more first—hand a ccou nts of month with more first—hand accounts of extraordinary moments in history. but for now, from me and the rest of the witness history team, goodbye. hello there. you could see the rain coming on friday, but it was very difficult to get out of the way. this weekend, though, the weather is set to change. for a start, it's going to be a much drier weekend. however, it's not going to be very warm at all. some particularly cold nights, and we're going to start with some strong winds as well. a northerly wind as our area of low pressure takes most of the rain away towards the south—east and gets pushed away slowly by that high pressure coming in from the west. by the time we get to the morning, there still could

be a few showers down the eastern side of england, and there's the threat of cloud coming back in off the north sea to bring some rain in during the afternoon. elsewhere, some spells of sunshine. there will be a few showers notably across northern parts of scotland. there will be a northerly wind as well. it's always going to be stronger where we're more likely to have that rain. could be gusting 50 mph or so. it will make it feel cold, of course. temperatures typically 13 to 17 degrees, a touch warmer than that, maybe, towards the south of wales and the southwest of england. many places will turn dry during the evening. that wetter weather gets pushed into the east midlands towards the south—east of england and east anglia. that'll keep the temperatures up here, but elsewhere with clear skies, lighter winds, we could see temperatures even as low as two or three degrees in some rural areas. so a chilly start to sunday. by this stage, the winds won't be as strong. there'll be some cloud across east anglia and the south—east. any early showers should move away, keep the odd shower coming into the northwest of scotland, even one or two for northern ireland. otherwise, some sunshine at times, more cloud around during the afternoon. those temperatures not changing much, but it won't feel as cold as it's not going to be as windy. that's because that area

of high pressure is pushing across the country. eventually, it'll be followed by this weather front to bring some rain into northern ireland. that's a very slow process. for the late summer bank holiday last year, it was the hottest ever. temperatures reached 33 degrees in the sunshine. this time around, it could be the coldest bank holiday monday ever, with 18 the expected high in london. again, the winds will be light. they're starting to turn to more of a southerly direction. sunny start, cold start, but more cloud filling in through the day. probably dryjust about everywhere. some rain into northern ireland later on in the day. but those temperatures again struggling, typically only 16 or 17.

this is bbc news. i'm aaron safir with the latest headlines for viewers in the uk and around the world. the actor chadwick boseman, who starred in the black panther superhero film, has died of cancer at the age of 42. tens of thousands march on washington calling for racialjustice and an end to police brutality, and a message from the son of martin luther king jr so, if you are looking for a saviour, get up and find a mirror! we must become the heroes of the history we are making. british scientists are given nearly $9 million to try to find out how long immunity from coronavirus