this is bbc news with the latest headlines. face coverings in shops and indoor public spaces are to become compulsory in wales for the first time. we'll be speaking to the first minister of wales in a few minutes‘ time — if you're in wales and there's anything you'd like to know — get in touch. i'm @annita—mcveigh on twitter. or use the hashtag #bbcyourquestions more regions in england face extra measures to fight spiralling coronavirus cases. the economy grew by more than 6% injuly — but it remains well below pre—pandemic levels. the uk has signed its first major post—brexit trade deal, with japan. the government says 99% of exports

to the country will be tariff—free. trade talks between the eu and uk resume next week despite the bitter rift over the government plan to change the brexit withdrawal agreement. a group of mps asked the chancellor to consider a targeted extension to the further scheme to avoid mass unemployment. and microsoft said that it has thwarted cyber attacks from russia, china and iran, targeting the us election. good morning. people in wales must wear face masks in shops and other indoor public spaces from monday,

the first minister has announced. mark drakeford said the change came as 20 people in every 100,000 in wales now had coronavirus. wales will also follow england and scotland and ban indoor gatherings of more than six people from monday. the new rules mean that only up to six people, aged 11 plus, will be able to meet indoors in wales. groups of up to 30 will still be allowed to meet outside, unlike other parts of the uk. and face masks will now be mandatory in shops and in other public spaces. there have been recent chages in scotland too. lots chages in scotland too. of detail to take you throug but lots of detail to take you through but we will try to break it down into chunks. there, first minister nicola sturgeon announced yesterday that up to six people will be allowed to meet, in indoors and outdoor settings, from monday. this will not apply for those younger than 12 years of age. in northern ireland, six people from two households are able to meet indoors.

and the maximum number of people who can meet outdoors has been reduced from 30 to 15. and new local restrictions have been reintroduced in parts of northern ireland, including parts of greater belfast. and in england, the prime mininister, borisjohnson, announced this week that from monday 14th september a new rule of six will apply indoors and outdoors. later today public health england is expected to release data showing which local authorities in england have seen covid increases. newcastle and gateshead councils have already confirmed they will be added to the so—called watchlist. jon donnison reports. newcastle and gateshead councils have already confirmed they will be added to the updated list which will be published later. gateshead said cases had more than tripled in the past seven days, with 113 new ones in the first week of september. around 55 cases 100,000 people.

the mayor of liverpool, joe anderson, said he fears the whole of merseyside will be joining them because of rising infection rates there. areas on the so—called enhanced support watchlist are given additional resources by the government such as greater levels of testing, in order to avoid strict local restrictions being brought in like we've seen in some parts of the country. in england, it already includes major cities like birmingham and leeds. in wales, merthyr tydfil and rhondda cynon taff are being watched closely. meanwhile yesterday, northern ireland took the decision to impose restrictions on ballymena and parts of belfast. so we have the opportunity now to push down on this rising curve of infection and we must take that opportunity. we all know that we are facing into the difficult autumn and winter months which traditionally see

pressures on our health services and our decisions today will protect those services and we believe also save lives. this morning, wales has announced it's limiting the number of people who can meet indoors at any one time to six and all must belong to the same extended household group. yesterday, scotland joined england with its own rule of six, no more than half a dozen people from two households can meet, although children under 12 are exempt. jon donnison, bbc news. with me now is the first minister of wales mark drakeford. good morning to you, mr drake third. thank you for your time. as we have mentioned, six is the key numberfor people in wales as well, indoor gatherings of more than six people will be against the law but unlike what we have heard and asked for england earlier this week the rule does not apply to children aged 11 and under, and up to 30 people from

different homes can still meet outside. it is worth repeating those differences, because it is those differences, because it is those differences which are really interesting. why have you made a differentjudgment? in relation to young children and meeting indoors, oui’ young children and meeting indoors, our evidence is that young children do not pass on the virus to others in the way that adults do, and don't suffer from coronavirus in the way that older people do. and it wasn't proportionate to prevent them from meeting with older family members indoors, so we are not including them in the rule of six, and we don't have evidence, in wales, that the viruses being passed to other people when they meet outside in the open air. we have long had evidence here that that the virus doesn't spread in the fresh air, in the sunlight, in the way that it does indoors, and it wasn't proportionate to prevent people from getting together outside while the weather

is still making that possible. looking at what you deem to be proportionate, what you said about young children and the evidence you have that they don't pass on coronavirus in the same way, and therefore, for example can meet grandparents and other older relatives, really interesting. tell us relatives, really interesting. tell us the evidence you have on that, because lots of people have been concerned in england, for example, about children not being able to see grandparents. there is more than one form of harm from coronavirus. there is the direct harm from people who catch it, but there is the social and emotional harm from families not being able to meet one another. it is only in quite recent weeks that in wales we have been able to move toa in wales we have been able to move to a position where extended families can get together in a single extended household, but we are having to narrow down the numbers that can meet indoors, at

any one time. we want to limit the damage that that will do to children and wider family members from over restricting their ability to gather, whilst the virus in many parts of wales remains very effectively suppressed. that is why you see different regimes in different parts of the uk. the level of coronavirus is different in different parts, also. are you not concerned that children under 11, back at school, not wearing masks in school, are you not wearing masks in school, are you not concerned that there is a danger of asymptomatic transmission between children and those children coming home, hogging their grandparents and passing the virus on to those older relatives —— hugging grandparents. chains of transmission are important and we have to watch that carefully. 500 schools in wales stayed open through the coronavirus pandemic, in

the days when the circulation of the virus was much higher in wales than it is today. and we do not have evidence from all of those weeks of coronavirus spreading amongst those younger aged children, and so we are using all of that evidence to make the decisions we are making now, and trying to do it in a proportionate way. you don't want to restrict people's freedoms unless you are certain we have reached a point where that is necessary. that is useful to hear your thinking, your strategy on that, because lots of people are inevitably come the uk, comparing the differences in approach between the different nations. let me bringing you onto masks and face coverings, you're making them mandatory in shops and enclosed public spaces from monday. what do you mean by closed public spaces? we do not mean offices and places of work, but we do mean

things like railway stations, for example. at the moment it is compulsory to wear face covering when you get on a train but it would not be compulsory to wear it in station itself but, as from monday, in that enclosed public space it will become compulsory to wear face coverings as it would be in a shopping centre, in a shop or a shopping centre, in a shop or a shopping centre, in a shop or a shopping centre, it will be compulsory to wear face coverings in both contexts, as well. when you are saying that children aged under 11, the rule of six doesn't apply to them, is there a bit of a trade—off going on, you are saying that you can still meet outside, up to 30 of you but you have to wear a mask indoors in public spaces? it is trying to take those actions in places where they will have the greatest effect. there would not be any case we could see for requiring people to wear face coverings in the

outdoors, but in enclosed public spaces and shops. today for the first time since thing started to improve, we are back with 20 out of 100,000 people in wales suffering from coronavirus. we have reached a threshold where we think, in a precautionary way, requiring people to wear face coverings will help us to wear face coverings will help us to clamp down on the spikes that we are seeing in some parts of wales, and prevent us from having to take even more intrusive action in future. what about enforcement? how tough would you be on enforcing this mask wearing rule? there will be fixed penalty notices for people who do not wearface fixed penalty notices for people who do not wear face coverings. the police will be able to impose those fixed penalty notices. that will be a last resort, not a first resort in wales. first we try to explain, educate, inform and persuade and that works on almost all cases. where people fully break the law,

you have to take more significant action. fixed penalty notices, and the police able to enforce them will be part of the regime from monday, here in wales. mark drakeford, first minister of wales, thank you very much. thank you. there have been more changes to quarantine rules, as travellers returning to england and northern ireland from mainland portugal will now have to self—isolate for 1h days from early tomorrow morning. wales and scotland had already imposed the mandatory two weeks of quarantine for portugal earlier this month. the new rules also apply to travellers from hungary, who will also be required to self—isolate from 4am on saturday. but sweden has been made exempt from quarantine for england, northern ireland, wales, and scotland. a government department has failed to keep staff safe from covid—19, according to an official inspection. the health and safety executive says it has seen poor social distancing and a lack of one—way systems at the department for work

and pensions in leeds. the dwp says it's taken "urgent action" to deal with the problems. in the past hour, the uk has announced it's signed its first major post—brexit trade deal, with japan. the government says 99% of exports to japan will be tariff—free — boosting the british economy by an estimated £1.5 billion. meanwhile, trade talks between the eu and the uk are due to resume next week despite the bitter rift over the government's plan to modify the brexit withdrawal agreement. joining me now from westminster is our political correspondent, jessica parker. good morning to you. let's begin with that uk— japan trade deal first of all. the government says this is going to mean improved market access for uk financial services, that there are certain provisions in the digital and data sectors that go far

beyond the deal that the eu has with japan but fundamentally, what are the differences between the eu— japan deal, and this uk— japan deal? you will hear a lot from ministers about this, the first big post brexit trade deal. the deadline to do this deal happened a little earlier than today but they have finally got there today, saying that it would boost trade with japan by £15 billion, we are being told today. and some accusations that what the government was doing was copying and pasting the trade deal the eu had with japan over to the uk, but as you point out, they are saying it goes a lot further so they are pointing to a number of areas where they think they have advanced on the deal the uk had with japan, they negotiated a deal which sees tavis falling on pork, beef, salmon and a range of other agricultural products —— tariffs. ministers will be pleased to talk about this

important trade deal as they see it going forward, all part of trying to forge this idea of britain going out and striking trade deals across the world. there was another big trade deal the united kingdom wants to do, thatis deal the united kingdom wants to do, that is with the united states. but as you mentioned, all of this hooha about brexit, nancy pelosi, the speaker in the us congress made it clear ina speaker in the us congress made it clear in a tweet earlier this week they would not allow a trade deal through between the uk and america if it was thought the ua k was breaching its international obligations in a way that put the good friday agreement in danger so there are still some work to do in terms of forging that post brexit trade deal with the united states. that is a huge desired win for the government. nancy pelosi has been saying that for a long time. it is not just something saying that for a long time. it is notjust something she said in the last few days as these thorny

problems emerged between the uk and eu sides. so what of those trade talks ‘s much less positive noises than we have heard about the deal struck with japan. with lord lamont, and lord howard saying that the internal market bill will not get through the house of lords, surely the eu is hearing that and doesn't that strengthen the hand of the eu in these negotiations? the eu may be hoping the internal market bill doesn't get through the house of lords and that will be an interesting question. yes, there was unhappiness amongst some mps in the commons, but boris johnson unhappiness amongst some mps in the commons, but borisjohnson has an 80 strong majority and is likely to be able to see off any attempts to change the bill, or to try and take out or bring under greater scrutiny the more contentious parts of the bill, but it will be interesting to see what happens with the house of lords. the house of lords, there are various convention surrounding it that stop it from blocking legislation, one of those being the

salisbury convention which says that the house of lords cannot block legislation that was in a government ma nifesto, legislation that was in a government manifesto, an elected government ma nifesto manifesto, an elected government manifesto and there might be an interesting debate as to what the government is trying to do within their manifesto or not because they thought about getting brexit done and getting unfettered access between northern ireland and great britain but didn't specifically say that they might look to rewrite or modify parts of the withdrawal agreement months after it had been signed, so it will be interesting to see what happens with the house of lords and once the numbers. as you say, lord lamont and lord howard, a prominent brexiteer, speaking out against what the government is trying to do and given that they are resisting it at the moment that doesn't bode well for the government in terms of trying to get it through the other place. many people will be poring over the fine detail of the salisbury convention! thank you, jessica parker in westminster.

the headlines on bbc news. face coverings in shops and indoor public spaces are to become compulsory in wales for the first time. the economy grew by more than 6% injuly — but it remains well below pre—pandemic levels. we pre—pandemic levels. will have more on that in jus‘ moment. the uk signs its first major post—brexit trade deal with japan. the government says 99% of exports to the country will be tariff—free. the uk economy has continued its recovery — it grew 6.6% injuly 2020. continued its recovery — but that was a little slower than in june, and the economy is still nearly 12% lower than pre—crisis levels. ben thompson is in the city of london for us. i know that you will explain exactly what all of this means for us. good morning, i will do my best. there's lots of explaining to do about what these figures tell us. we have a

glorious vantage point across the city of london. here, like everywhere, they will be trying to digest the numbers to make sense of what they mean for our day—to—day lives. it is easy to get caught up in percentages and headlines, but what this tells us is that whilst the economy grew 6.6% injuly, the overall economy still is 12% smaller thanit overall economy still is 12% smaller than it was before the current virus pandemic began. we know that businesses were hit hard when they we re businesses were hit hard when they were shot during lockdown and they have struggled to reopen, they've had to reduce capacity, many businesses still not able to get back to full, normal business, especially talking about things like travel and tourism. huge problems we re travel and tourism. huge problems were getting the economy working again. thejuly were getting the economy working again. the july figures tell us were getting the economy working again. thejuly figures tell us that the economy is on the mend. more of us the economy is on the mend. more of us able to go back out and spend ought to get back to the office or usual workplace, pubs and restau ra nts a ble to usual workplace, pubs and restaurants able to reopen injuly as well, so some good news, but still a lot of work to do to get back to where we were before this

began. earlier i spoke to the head of equities here at schroders, and she said it could be 2021, or 2022, before things start to feel normal again. this is a very open question. much depends on the state of the virus. how much confidence people have got. what restrictions are in place to allow the economy to start to regain some of that normalcy. i think it's going to take really the balance of this year and next before we can recover the ground that is lost. for 2020, we are still going to have an economy that could be 10% smaller than what we had in 2019. and that has implications forjob prospects and the wealth and opportunity of many people in this country. you talk about those opportunities. jobs clearly in focus. right now people going

about their job, whether they will still have a job at the end of the year, calls for the chancellor to extend that furlough scheme. the real pain is still to come as far as jobs are concerned? yes. people who are on furlough, about one quarter of those 4 million still on furlough feel quite uncertain about theirjob prospects. they feel vulnerable to being made redundant. and so that is really key. how quickly can those find newjobs? and what happens to people on furlough? and the chancellor will have big questions to answer as to whether it is right to extend, or whether the tapering off at the end of october is the end of the furlough scheme. as sue said, lots of big questions for the chancellor and for businesses. they want answers about

what happens next. can they afford to keep staff on? we are joined by suran from the british chambers of commerce. you have been reflecting on this. if the further scheme sta rts on this. if the further scheme starts to taper, it might be willow good for business now when they have pent—up demand, they are dealing with things they didn't deal with things they didn't do within lockdown but the end is a bit bleak? at the moment we are in a period with the economy benefiting from the pent up demand during the lockdown period, but also government support measures, but as the government scheme start to write down that will have a negative impact on the economy, particularly as we are getting more and more local lockdowns and sector restrictions. what help can the government offer? the chancellor has made it clear he will not extend the further scheme wholesale as in the past. where is

the help most needed? some key areas, many businesses are facing a real cash crisis are one of the things the government can do is to extend some of the lending scheme is introduced a couple of months ago. 0n the jobs front one option is to extend the further scheme. there are other options, when things they could do is cut the cost of employing someone, through national insurance contributions, essentially a jobs tax, which could be cut, and a jobs tax, which could be cut, and a third area is more target support for businesses suffering from local lockdowns. that would really help. some say that extending the further scheme is supporting jobs and businesses that are no longer viable stop there isn't that the man, the business that there once was. is that a fair assessment should be, like germany, be thinking of extending it through next year to give these are fighting chance? extending the further scheme is an option for those areas suffering

local lockdowns or set to face more restrictions, but if the government doesn't want to extend the further scheme there are other options. 0ne is looking at cost —— cutting the cost of employing someone so for businesses looking to recruit or retain people, by making theirjob easier in cost terms, that could help the employment situation as we move into next year. nice to see you, suran from the british chamber of commerce. the issue is going to be how all of this shakes down. we shouldn't forget, the figures we have had today tell us what has happened already so these figures, 6.6%, that relates tojuly so in a sense that has happened, that has gone and what now needs to be addressed is what happens in future. there are lots of worries about the end of the year stock that is when businesses start to feel the cold reality of people with less money in their pockets if unemployment has risen, businesses don't face the same sort of demand from customers that they did before hand so lots of

preparations to try to ease businesses and consumers back into the economy. it is interesting, looking around here, the city of london does feel pretty quiet. whilst many people are able to work from home, this is schroders, one of the big city investment banks, they have a blended approach. they will let some staff work from home when they want to but they can come into they want to but they can come into the office when they want to. so lots of stuff for the economy to adjust to, particularly things like the idea of working from home, the changing way that that will work and how that will impact the businesses around here, and as we have seen, a big impact on the overall economic picture. the economy is improving but there's still a long way to go before we get back to where we wear. still a lot of questions that we do not have answers to. thank you, ben thompson in the city of london. staying with this theme of looking at further, which is coming to an end, there are calls for a targeted extension stop the chancellor, rishi

sunak has been asked by a cross— party sunak has been asked by a cross—party group of mps to consider extensions to the coronavirus further scheme, the coronavirus job retention scheme which has supported millions of workers temporarily laid off because of the pandemic is due to end on october 31. some fear that could lead to mass unemployment. the former prime minister gordon brown told the bbc that more needs to be done to deal with unemployment in the wake of the covid—19 outbreak. you could have this cliff edge on 0ctober you could have this cliff edge on october 31 and there could be massive unemployment after that stop if at the same time we still have these health restrictions coming back in, companies and workers cannot get back to normal economic activity and cannot be expected to do so, when we put number restrictions on meetings and everything else, so we need a recovery plan now. we need the same spirit of consensus as we had about the rescue plan, for a recovery plan and to be honest what has been proposed at the moment is totally

inadequate. we will lose skills, and capacity and put companies at risk and consumer spending will no doubt if we don't extend the further scheme, mainly on a temporary sectoral part—time basis perhaps linked to a training programme for people who have to move jobs. secondly we've got to do something about unemployment. half a million young people left education, 250,000 already looking forjobs. the kick—start scheme is not enough. and we have got to help companies themselves recover. they cannot pay back these loans they have taken and invest in the future and yet they have to readjust to the new economy and we have got to help them to do so. the thoughts of gordon brown on the subject. i'm joined byjoanne williams, owner of a gift shop in nuneaton town centre, joco gifts, she says the business is struggling

because of lack of football. i'm sure that is something lots of business owners are saint —— because of lack of footfall. tell us how you have got through the last six months. when we went on to lockdown the staff were put on to follow, and when i came back to work the shop was closed to customers but i started doing sales online and on facebook. that has actually kept us going. even though the shop has reopened, since the shop has reopened, since the shop has reopened, staff have slowly came back, i still have two on the further scheme. i have six staff in total. two still on furlough. all of them had been on furlough at one point. that has been vital to you, then. absolutely. without that in place we would not be here, and i know that many other independents in nuneaton would be in the same boat.

what is the prospect then of the end of furlough given that you have two staff on furlough? is it, as some people have described, a cliff edge for your business? it is, but because i have been working towards that date i have been budgeting. we are running on reduced hours at the moment because there is just not the footfall to warrant being open from 9am to 5:30pm every day so i have save money by keeping the shop hours down to a minimum to save money in preparation for covering their wages going forward. presumably that can only last for so long. tell us more about the levels of footfall and how that has changed, presumably, pre—pandemic you could predict fairly accurately the periods when you would be most busy within a 24—hour period, a weekly period, a

monthly period etc, but what is it like now? the arous have changed. there are not so many office workers coming in —— the hours have changed. the busy period tends to be from 11am to 12:30pm. children have gone back to school so will parents start shopping after the school run? we close at 3pm, so we could look at extending the hours again is that me paying wages for an empty shop? it is very fluid and i have got to co nsta ntly is very fluid and i have got to constantly be looking at it. given what you have just said, joanne, what you have just said, joanne, what do you make of cause for the chancellor to continue with further, a targeted extension for businesses that would still be deemed to be sustainable, once the pandemic is over, whenever that might be? is that something you would like to see

or in your particular case, do you think it would be difficult to make that argument, just because, as you have said yourself, you just don't know what is going to happen over the next few months. it is very difficult. in the run—up to christmas we are a gift shop so we are going to be busy, hopefully, but comejanuary are going to be busy, hopefully, but come january through to are going to be busy, hopefully, but comejanuary through to march, what will happen is macro if there was an option for a further scheme into the new year, potentially we may use it, i would like to say that i wouldn't like to because i have worked hard to sustain the jobs for the staff here, but the future is unknown. are you learning to live with uncertainty? yes, and it is difficult. i think we all are. joanne, i appreciate you telling us your story. joanne williams, owner ofjoco gifts in nuneaton. time for

the sport, time for a full round—up. here is mike bushell. good morning, serena williams, is out of the us open, as the comeback of victoria azarenka continues to gather momentum. last year azarenka almost gave up tennis because she wasn't enjoying it. she says she was in a hole partly because of a custody battle over her son born three years ago. since tennis returned, after the lockdown, she's won 12 matches in a row, she's now into the final. azarenka beat serena williams in new york earlier this morning. williams easily took the first set, but azarenka was simply inspired in the second and third sets, overpowering williams to win them both 6—3 to seal a famous victory. and so williams is still waiting for a record—equalling 24th grand slam title. i mean it is obviously disappointing but at the same time i did what i could today, i feel like at other times i have been close and i could have done better and today i felt

like i gave a lot and, yeah, i'm definitely going to be going to paris. it feels more fun this year, more fulfilling, more pleasant for me. yes. it feels nicer. azarenka will play the 2018 champion and fourth seed naomi 0saka in the final tomorrow. 0saka beat americanjennifer brady in three sets earlier. there were big statements surrounding the black lives matter movement at the start of the new american football season. 0ne team, the houston texans, stayed in the dressing room during the national anthem, while the kansas city chiefs did line up with only one player taking the knee. 0nce both teams had taken to the field, all the players gathered together in front of seven

phrases such as "we must end rascism" and "we believe black lives matter", shown on a big screen. it is really not about the flag. it is about making sure that people understand that black lives do matter, and that there is a systemic racism problem in this country. and so that is what our players decided to do as a team. that was something that we spoke about twice as a team, they decided to do it. it wasn't anything where guys couldn't agree. i think the guys wanted to be very respectful of each other. with england number one charley hull missing the second women's major of the year due to a positive coronavirus test, it's down to georgia hall and mel reid leading the charge and they're tied ninth at the at the ana inspiration tournament at mission hills in califiornia. this

on four under two shots off the leader america's nelly korda. both are aiming to win a second career major, and will have to do it in temperatures which are expected to soar as high as 45 degrees celsius this weekend. there's new leaders of rugby league's super league. warrington were missing nine players — seven who were self—isolating due to coronavirus — but they still managed to come from behind to beat castleford thanks to matty ashton's try. elsewhere, hull fc beat wakefield 26—23. mark hershey in the tour de france found himself third time lucky never looking back. his slovenian competitor retained the overall lead. england and old foes australia lock horns again in the cricket today, and this time it's the start of the 50 over one—day series.

and it's a bit of a reunion for the world cup winning side with england captain eoin morgan, back after his finger injury. of the cup winners, jason roy also returns for the match at old trafford. somebody will mention something from the world cup and we will talk about it for a bit of time. but it really puts smiles on ourfaces. i don't think the world cup specifically, the journey through those four years and the memories that we have in different series for different reasons, they are memories that will stay with guys for a very long time and make them smile and cry and laugh and moan at the same time. but going through that really has built a special friendship with the group of guys that we have. the new football season in england and wales starts tonight, as watford relegated from the premier league start their journey on the roller—coaster that is the championship at home to middlesbrough. this league

is a bit like a game of pontoon, do you stick, and go for stability or do you twist, putting all you can, on that chance to reach the promised land of the premier league. clubs have been overspending in some instances to try to get to the premiership and land that jackpot and that has been the gamble they are playing. we have seen their profits and regulations in this championship but obviously in certain instances of those haven't quite worked. we have had the wigan scenario recently linked to the ownership structure and also the covid pandemic. i think there is a real danger of some clubs notjust in the championship but further down the football league as well being in similar positions this season because of the precarious nature of finances. the premiership beginning tomorrow. two major research projects studying the spread of coronavirus in schools are set to begin within weeks. scientists at bristol university and imperial college london hope the studies will help schools understand much more about how the virus is transmitted.

here's our education editor bra nwen jeffreys. this is the only testing done so far in schools, swab samples ta ken in the summer term. the level of coronavirus cases was low then. now, all pupils are back in school in england, cases are rising in the wider community but still, little is known about children so, in bristol, researchers will use saliva tests. 4,000 pupils, 1,000 staff, once a month for six months. i think the main thrust of the study is really to understand the rates of infections, and to be able to jump on them very quickly, so we are giving the head teachers tools to be able to spot infection early and to keep their schools open and permit the continuity of education that is so important to them. catching cases early could mean fewer pupils isolating. another study in london

would investigate more, following up on confirmed cases in pupils, looking in detail at if and how they pass it on. branwen jeffries, bbc news. let's speak now to professor caroline relton from the university of bristol. she is leading the project. good morning. tell us more about the specific study you are leading, what are its aims? we are hoping to work with schools in bristol to help them to stay open during the forthcoming academic year and undertaking large—scale testing. professor, let us just find out if that line is going to come good? what a shame. we will try to get backin what a shame. we will try to get back ina what a shame. we will try to get back in a moment. actually, i am told hopefully,

professor, we thought we had lost the line but i am pleased to say you are back with us. perhaps you could begin again. sorry about that. we will be asking 4000 children and around 1000 staff to give us saliva samples regularly, monthly, over six months, and testing those for the presence of current and previous infections of coronavirus and using that to help us coronavirus and using that to help us look at the transmission patterns of infection in schoolchildren and staff. if we detect an infection we will be asking the pupils or staff members if we can test members of their households and close contact to get a better understanding of how that infection passes through the household and on to the community. how many schools are involved in the study? we are hoping to partner with about 20 schools in bristol. how soon do you hope to have some

results, practical applications in the way that schools then handled the way that schools then handled the situation if some of their pupils have the virus whether it is a symptomatic or asymptomatic? we are hoping to beat in schools before the october half—term, and the information generated on the testing component we will pass back to schools in real—time as rapidly as we can to help schools make decisions about their operations. there will be a wealth of additional data we will be using for research purposes to improve our knowledge and understanding of the causes and consequences of infection and how that infection maps across our city and region. i suppose one thing that will be interesting is whether within a school setting children who do have the virus are actually proven to be passing it on to other children or not, or to staff or not.

absolutely. there are lots of questions that remain unanswered. we don't know very much about the transmission patterns in this age group because we know that many of these youngsters don't show any symptoms even if they do have an infection. hopefully this study will provide a lot more knowledge and understanding about those transmission patterns. i presume you mean whether if someone is asymptomatic, whether that makes a difference to the amount of virus they have in their bodies and does that make a difference logically to whether they are passing it on to other people they are in close contact with? so how infectious are these young people showing symptoms, passing the virus on to more individuals, compared to someone who does not show symptoms. how significant will the study be,

going forward, given that we do not know what the end for this virus will be coming if there will be a vaccine, all these unknowns. we are hoping their study will have immediate benefits to the schools we are partnering with an longer term benefits to improve resilience and understanding about how we manage the pandemic. thank you very much. "don't kill your gran by catching coronavirus." that's the warning from the health secretary for young people. infection rates among people under 30 have shot up in the past few weeks — but are they really to blame for the government's decision to impose stricter rules on who we can meet? tim muffett has been speaking to people in nottingham to see how they feel about the changes. nottingham city centre thursday night. the build—up it seems to a big weekend. it is our last chance for us all to get out

as a whole massive group and do what we want whilst we still have got unlimited freedom. we are taking it seriously but we are trying to live life at the same time. recent figures show a third of new covid cases in england are amongst those in their 20s. some have accused young people of not taking social distancing seriously. i just feel like we are the easiest people to blame in a situation like this. i don't think anyone else wants to take responsibility but it is easier to blame the millennials. even from the start when i went shopping, there were a lot of older people shopping and out when they shouldn't have been. i think we are getting the blame unnecessarily. do you think some young people aren't taking it seriously? yes, obviously. people are going to parties and breaking the rules. it is not young people doing that, everyone is doing that. that isjust rule breakers. from monday gatherings of more than six will be banned in england and scotland although in scotland those aged under 12 will be exempt.

leila, lucy and chloe find the timing odd. what is the point in the restrictions coming in on monday if they are urgent? why aren't they coming in right now, why are they waiting until monday, that will encourage people to go out this weekend. it is so hard to know what you are able to do and what not. it is unfair they have made this rule, still telling us to go to uni, pay full fees but telling us we can't go out in bigger groups even when we live in big houses. in nottingham you have houses of up to 12. to be honest, it is fair. at the end of the day, it is what the government thinks best for us. and if they think it, no matter what we think we have got to abide by it. in a week, from friday 18th september, rules will be toughened for pubs, bars, cafes and other premises. they will have to keep contact details oof all customers for 21 days or face a possible fine. penny runs this pub, she will comply with the new rules but still has questions. we will take people's details.

the thing is we cannot guarantee those details are 100% true any way. so all we can do is log what we have got. if that is not true, are we going to get fined? i don't know. no perspex screens here, groups of six will be managed in the most straightforward way. we can see them from the bar, make sure they behave themselves. if not, they have to leave. earlier in the evening, we met five friends who stick to the rules but fear that a rise in cases of covid will see more blame directed at young people. i think we are a scapegoat especially with the eat out incentive encouraging people to go outside and it feels like we have been encouraged to spend money and boost the economy, but when we do it fingers are pointed back at us. we are looking after the older generation. they need to look into that a bit more and who was actually there for them when they fell ill? then turn it round saying you are going out too much and you are doing this and that and breaking rules.

i don't think it is fair. ahead of new restrictions, this weekend will feel different for many. no one is sure what lies ahead. tim muffett, bbc news, nottingham. as cases of covid—19 continue to rise with more than 28 million infections worldwide, we are taking a look at the effects around the world. we look now at the three countries worst—hit by the crisis — the us, india and brazil. we start with our correspondent nada tawfik in new york. six months in, and the united states is still struggling to keep infection rates down in certain places. the mid west has been the hardest hit recently, with iowa, north dakota and south dakota the latest hotspots. here in new york, the state once

most affected, the infection rate has stayed below 1% for more than a month. it has allowed for an easing of restrictions. still, the city is one of the few places in the nation with a complete ban on indoordining. after weeks of back—and—forth discussions between officials and restaurant owners, it is set to resume on september 30, with just a 25% capacity. now, health officials are warning americans not to become complacent as a second potential wave looms, and there has been increased scrutiny over the president's handling of the crisis. president trump admitted that he downplayed the threat to the public as early as february, to avoid panic. india now has consistently the highest number of new coronavirus cases and deaths in the world, every day. back in march, it was one of the countries that had imposed quite a stringent lockdown relatively early, and in those initial months it had seemed

as though this had at least slowed the spread of the virus. but health experts say not enough was done then to aggressively track and test, and that's why the country has not been able to curb the spread of covid—19. its graph remains on an upward trend, and it is growing steeper as the economy opens up further. earlier this week metrorail systems were opened up in cities across the country. later this month gatherings of up to 100 people will be allowed. schools and universities remain closed and international travel still has not been allowed. here in brazil the transmission rate has started to slow and the death toll has started to fall but it has been a long time coming because, for months, more than 1,000 people were dying each day, and much of the criticism has been pinned on presidentjair bolsonaro, who from the very beginning has tried to downplay the virus. meanwhile, regional governments have imposed quarantine and closed

public spaces and schools. but the mixed messaging has been criticised. people not knowing which guidelines to follow. now restaurants and bars have started to reopen, but scientists have cautioned against saying that the worst is over here in brazil. now, the headlines have been very much focused on brazil. this is the largest country in the region. but other countries are suffering also. in argentina, they are seeing cases rise and, in peru, they have registered the highest per capita death toll of almost any other country in the world. rio tinto's chief executive jean—sebastien jacques has announced he is leaving the firm after a scandal in australia. in may, the world's biggest iron ore miner destroyed the sacred aboriginal sites in pilbara, western australia. they were among the oldest

historic sites in australia. hackers linked to russia, china and iran are targeting people and organisations involved in the upcoming us presidential election, including the campaigns of both donald trump and joe biden. that's according to a report from the technology giant microsoft. the company says that the majority of these attacks were detected and stopped and that those targeted have been notified. nomia iqbal reports from washington. election campaigning is well under way in the us but something the republican and the democratic parties both have in common right now are threats to undermine their campaigns. in a blog, microsoft identified russia, china and iran. it suggests that strontium, a russian group also known as "fancy bear", has gone after more than 200 organisations, including political campaigns, advocacy groups and political consultants.

it's thought to be the same one which targeted hillary clinton's campaign in 2016. elsewhere, a chinese based group known as zirconium has attacked high—profile individuals involved in the election, including those linked to thejoe biden for president campaign. and a group operating out of iran, known as phosphorus, is thought to be targeting personal accounts of the people close to donald trump's presidential campaign. microsoft also said the same cyber attack has also targeted british political parties, but the us has been here before. there was no collusion between us and russia. intelligence agencies concluded that russia had interfered in the 2016 election, though it was never determined whether mr trump's victory was influenced by it. facebook had testified that russian—backed content reached more than 126 million americans. microsoft says most of these attacks have been unsuccessful, and that

nontargeted voting infrastructure or election systems. it's boosting security but has called for more help for states across the us to better protect themselves, especially as early voting is taking place. in a statement, the department of homeland security's top cyber official christopher krebs said: and reinforces that "this is an all of nation effort to defend democracy." although hackers frequently target countries around the world, the difference here is the scale at which it is happening online. there is concern about how it is deepening discord in a society already divided, and in a time of social distancing due to the ongoing coronavirus pandemic, voters are paying attention to what they see, hear and share online more than ever. nomia iqbal, bbc news washington. the home of sir winston churchill will reopen

to the public on monday — after a multi—million—pound restoration of some of the national trust property. the work was only possible thanks to those who knew churchill and the house — and matt taylor has been to meet one of them. this wall over here is exactly as i remember it. nonie chapman's relationship with chartwell spans six decades. the old—fashioned typewriter and the switchboard which is exactly as it was. the office here was a hive of industry. and all the sounds you remember at the time. absolutely, you can hear the typing going on in the background. after starting work at chartpwell in the early 1960s, nonie went on to play an important role supporting the family working alongside his wife after sir winston died. winston used to love to feed golden orfe in the pools. and i used to have to collect the live bait he fed them with. and one of myjobs once a week,

i used to take these big tin boxes of films, big film reels, with me to the station. i think it was on a friday. and i would collect the new films which would be shown at the weekend. her experiences helped the national trust unlock some of the secrets and stories behind hundreds of items acquired and soon to be on show here. so this is winston churchill's study. it is one of the most important rooms in the house and this is where he would spend hours of his time. amongst others, a beautiful painting of blenheim palace where he was born. a speech box which housed the notes that would inform the words that would inspire a nation. this is one of the most important objects in our whole collection. it charts visitors to chartwell between 1924 and 1964. with over 700 signatures it is a who's who of the early 20th century.

among the signatories are charlie chaplin, and my favourite is a lesser—known figure, a gentleman called fabian von schlabrendorff. he was a member of the german resistance who was informing churchill in the lead—up to the second world war and visited chartwell afterwards. and he was actually involved in an assassination attempt on hitler. so, a really interesting individual. volunteers have given up 6,000 hours of their time to help with the project. their research, as well as new items to the house have really put the essence of churchill back into chartwell, but what better resource did the national trust have than the people who knew him best? lady churchill was, i adored her, she was a wonderful character, a very strong character. and i often used to think, it amazed me, how two such strong characters must have lived together in such harmony. the atmosphere was fantastic. it was such a happy atmosphere. lady churchill loved flowers.

there were always flowers everywhere, log fires burning, you could just go where you wanted to. everybody was happy here. now it's time for a look at the weather. we have a mixture of weather today. in scotland and northern ireland, rain and brisk winds thanks to low pressure. this cold front pushes southwards will weaken significantly. not all of us will see rain. across southern wales, east anglia, staying dry with broken cloud and sunshine. rain through the afternoon moves into the north—west but the weather front is weakening.

the rain will clear in scotland and northern ireland, staying breezy with sunshine and passing showers. top temperatures, 20 in the south—east. 0vernight, the weather front slides south eastwards. with little rain left on it. those showers will continue across the north—west of the uk. this weekend, we have a mixture of weather, some for scotland and northern ireland but also some sunshine. for england and wales, dry throughout and set to get much warmer. saturday, patchy cloud from the front across southern areas clearing. sunshine for most of the day. some showers in scotland and northern ireland but later we will see some rain returning to the north and west. that will turn really heavy and persistent overnight with

the rain lasting in the highlands into sunday with large rainfall totals, some localised flooding. elsewhere on sunday, plenty of sunshine for england and by. temperatures are on the rise, with highs into the mid 20s across eastern england. getting warmer in the early part of next week, high pressure moving eastwards allowing these south—easterly winds bringing heat in from the continent. monday, thickest cloud across north—western areas with outbreaks of rain. particularly in the afternoon. 0therwise, dry with sunshine, turning hotter, up to 28 in london, blasting into tuesday. —— lasting.

this is bbc news with the latest headlines for viewers in the uk and around the world. the uk signs its first major post—brexit trade deal with japan. the government says 99% of exports to the country will be tariff—free. what i am announcing today is that we have successfully reached agreement, in principle, on the japan trade deal, which will enable british businesses to have more opportunities overseas. it comes as trade talks between the eu and the uk are set to resume next week — despite the bitter rift over the uk's government's plan to change the brexit withdrawal agreement. face coverings in shops and indoor public spaces are to become compulsory in wales for the first time.