we had in the spring. if we let this virus get out of control now, it would mean that our nhs had no space — once again — to deal with cancer patients and millions of other non—covid medical needs. and if we were forced into a new national lockdown, that would threaten notjustjobs and livelihoods but the loving human contact on which we all depend. it would mean renewed loneliness and confinement for the elderly and vulnerable, and ultimately it would threaten once again the education of our children. we must do all we can to avoid going down that road again. but if people don't follow the rules we have set out, then we must reserve the right to go further. we must take action now because a stitch in time saves nine, and this way we can keep people

in work, we can keep our shops and our schools open, and we can keep our country moving forward while we work together to suppress the virus. that is our strategy, and if we can follow this package together, then i know we can succeed because in so many ways we are better prepared than before. we have the ppe, we have the beds, we have the nightingales, we have new medicines — pioneered in this country — that can help save lives. and though our doctors and our medical advisers are rightly worried about the data now, and the risks overwinter, they are unanimous that things will be far better by the spring, when we have not only the hope of a vaccine, but one day soon — and i must stress that we are not there yet — of mass testing so efficient that people will be able to be tested in minutes

so they can do more of the things they love. that's the hope, that's the dream. it's hard, but it's attainable, and we are working as hard as we can to get there. but until we do, we must rely on our willingness to look out for each other, to protect each other. never in our history has our collective destiny and our collective health depended so completely on our individual behaviour. if we follow these simple rules together, we will get through this winter together. there are unquestionably difficult months to come. and the fight against covid is by no means over. i have no doubt, however, that there are great days ahead. but now is the time for us all to summon the discipline, and the resolve, and the spirit

of togetherness that will carry us through. that was a ministerial broadcast by the prime minister, you're watching bbc news, stay with us for continuing coverage and reaction. welcome to this special programme, on bbc one and bbc news, with reaction to the latest measures announced by the prime minister, to try to limit the spread of coronavirus. setting out the new restrictions he said "if people don't follow rules, we must reserve the right to go further." among the new measures, workers in england are now being told they should work from home if possible, a change on the policy announced a few weeks ago, and the public is being warned that the new measures could well be in place for the next six months. restaurants, pubs and takeaways are being told to close their doors by ten o'clock at night from thursday.

and we'll have the latest from the first ministers of scotland and wales on the measures they've announced today. let's take a look at the full measures announced by the prime minister. penalties for not wearing a face covering, or gathering in groups of more than six, will increase to £200 for the first offence. from thursday, all pubs, bars and restaurants must close by ten o'clock, and will be restricted to table service only. office workers are being told to work from home if possible. the use of mandatory face coverings will be extended, to cover shop staff, taxi drivers and passengers. exemptions to the rule of six will be cut back, 15 people will be able to attend a wedding, but 30 people will still be able to attend a funeral. and plans to allow fans to return to sporting events from the first 0ctober have been paused.

we will get analysis and reaction. with me now is our medical editor fergus walsh. what is the science behind these measures? how do you explain that to viewers? for months, the virus was in abeyance. cases were falling. numbers in hospital before then, things were going the right way. and thatis things were going the right way. and that is in part because in the summer that is in part because in the summer respiratory viruses don't spread as much. but things have changed now. cases are doubling roughly every seven days and the numbers in hospital are rising. now, they are much lower than they were backin they are much lower than they were back in march and april and deaths are rising, too and cases are rising in every age group so it is clear we will have to live with coronavirus for the foreseeable future. and these restrictions, it has been made clear, will last probably for the

next six months, so if that is the framework, the background for what borisjohnson said today. framework, the background for what boris johnson said today. we look at the way government conveys a message. to put it mildly the government has been criticised consistently over recent months for the way it has allegedly been losing control of the message. this public health message that is now taking shape, how complex is it? it is difficult because back in march, six months ago tomorrow, when we had a national lockdown, it a simple — stay at home, save lives, protect the nhs. people did that. now you have a situation one month after we had the eat out to help out and please get back to work, we are now having something much more nuanced and the public health messaging is difficult. the fundamentals remain the same that we should wash our hands, that we should have social distancing but now we will still be encouraged to go out, we want to

keep the economy going. the essential is to keep education open. then we have these restrictions. 14 million people in the uk even before anything today are subject to extra restrictions. and that is the problem, trying to appeal to people to follow the guidance not only nationally but in their area as well. 0k, fergus, thanks and talk to you later. fergus walsh, our medical editor. the latest government figures show there has been another big rise in new cases and the number of deaths is beginning to climb. in the past 2a hours 4,926 new coronavirus infections were recorded across the uk. it means the average number of new cases reported per day in the last week is now 4,189. and as new cases have climbed so have daily hospital admissions with 248 people being admitted on average each day

over the last week. this number doesn't include scotland. in the past 2a hours, 37 deaths were reported of people who died within 28 days of a positive covid—i9 test, the highest daily toll since the middle ofjuly. it means on average in the past week, 23 deaths were announced every day, taking the total number, across the uk, to 41,825. fergus has been telling us the science behind these measures, which have been put in place in england as borisjohnson was explaining. let's go to our chief political correspondent vicki young, who's in downing street. for you, politically, and what the prime minister is trying to achieve, what does this set of measures add up what does this set of measures add ?i what does this set of measures add up to? i think what is so interesting here, and listening to him in the house of commons earlier, he was at great pains to emphasise this isn't going back to a full

lockdown because schools will be open, shots will be open. it's just not the same as it was back in march. but, having said that, that is because he is under huge pressure. looking at the tens of thousands of lives lost but also looking at the tens of thousands of livelihoods lost and the impact on the economy. that's why i think is emphasising he feels these extra measures are proportionate. i think really interesting he emphasised, too, enforcement. very clear he thinks after that summer of freedom, if you like, too many people have forgotten there are still rules in place, and people are not following the rules and many ministers think that they can suppress the virus and keep large parts of the economy open if people follow the rules which includes businesses as well. pubs and includes businesses as well. pubs a nd restau ra nts includes businesses as well. pubs and restaurants making sure they follow the guidelines. and striking, too, that he took head on the argument from some people that say this isn't a dangerous virus for

most people, therefore it should be allowed to spread across the community. it is just not reasonable to expect people to be locked up, vulnerable and old particular because having gone from seeing a few months ago things could be normal by november, he is now saying things might be better by the spring. just pick up on one other thing, let's say these measures don't have the result the prime minister nor everybody else wants, which is of course to drastically have a big effect on the spread of the virus. if that doesn't happen, what do you think number 10 will then be considering? there has been talk about something called a circuit break, the idea of a much stricter lockdown that may be lasts a couple of weeks. some suggestions that could be time to cover part of the half term in england and ideally you could get back on top of things. there are some scientists who think

that simply wouldn't be enough. that is certainly under consideration. you can hear his reluctance to go back to a full lockdown but they are not denying that they would do that if they thought it was necessary. the big question here is how long will they wait. the data, the information they have about everything, the way the virus spreads, all of it is far different and better and comprehensive than it was back in the spring so they can track this a lot better despite the problems there have been with testing. i think over the next two oi’ testing. i think over the next two or three weeks they will want to make sure and see if these measures are working and very interestingly other parts of the united kingdom are doing it differently. they are going further and we will look at what happens there. many thanks, vicki young, with the latest from downing street. vicki young usefully telling us about the other home nations. the first minister's of wales and scotland have been announcing their new measures to control the spread of the virus.

the first minister of wales — mark drakeford — announced that pu bs, cafes a nd restau ra nts will have to shut at 10pm every night, and urged people to continue working from home, because that advice in wales hasn't changed. working from home advice has remained the same so he has underlined that. we will hear from mr redford in a moment but here is nicola sturgeon the first minister of scotla nd nicola sturgeon the first minister of scotland announcing her new restrictions for in scotland. we have decided that from friday, there will be a national curfew for pubs, bars and restaurants. they will have to close by 10pm to reduce the time people spend there. and from tomorrow we are all being asked not to visit each other‘s homes because we know that this is often how the virus spreads most easily from one household to another. there are exceptions for care of the vulnerable, extended households, childcare and tradespeople. but generally, by staying out of other peoples houses for now, we give ourselves the best chance of bringing covid

back under control. from thursday at 6pm hospitality businesses in wales, including pubs, cafes and restaurants, and casinos, will have to close at 10pm. they will also have to provide a table service only. off—licences including supermarkets will also have to stop selling alcohol at ten o'clock in the evening. now, in some parts of south wales where we have seen the sharpest rises in cases, there are already even stricter local restrictions in place to protect people's health. we now need to make that difference again across the whole of wales. that was mark drakeford, the first minister of wales speaking cardiff earlier and before that nicola sturgeon the first minister of scotland, setting out her approach to these changes. let's get some reaction from the labour party —

joining me is the shadow health secretary jonathan ashworth. good evening and thanks forjoining us. good evening and thanks forjoining us. you broadly welcomed the measures, as mr keir starmer announced. but we are seeing differences with scotland and the labour government in wales. if you are in power, would you be trying to address these measures to match the other parts of the uk or not? we do support as you say what the prime minister has done today and we understand why he's had to impose these national restrictions. we would rather we were not in these place and if he had fixed testing and not allow it to descend into the shambles it's become we could have avoided these restrictions today. on your specific question would we be doing the same as what is happening in scotland and wales, well, we will ta ke in scotland and wales, well, we will take whatever measures necessary to suppress the virus but we are not in the government and we don't have access to the same data and the scientific advice the government has s0 scientific advice the government has so re—support what has happened

today but, obviously, this is a perilous moment and these measures need to be kept under review but it is also urgent that testing and tracing is now fixed because it hasn't been working which is why we have lost control of the virus. on testing and tracing, the prime minister expressed the ambition or the goal to have rapid testing available to millions of people but we are nowhere near that at the moment so how does that happen?” mean, we are nowhere near that. there are pilots in universities of new testing techniques being looked into, like saliva testing, and they can be exciting and innovative but it'll take a bit of time for them to come on stream. what he can do now is fix the testing we've got, fix the contact tracing. he gave the responsibility for contact tracing to big outsourcing companies which are not as effective as the experts, the public health experts on the ground which is what we should do. in places like 0ldham where there have been restrictions for some time

now, the tracing regime is only got to 50% of people which is not a surprise the infection is out of control. he's also got to look at the economy. we are seeing now him introducing probably a series of restrictions but he is phasing out the financial support for certain sections of the economy and i think he has to come back urgently to say what he will do to supportjobs and livelihoods. even the governor of the bank of england is saying the furlough scheme should be extended. the talk all along has been about this so called precarious balance between taking tough measures on the virus but also trying to put in a cushion for the economy. i suppose we're ina cushion for the economy. i suppose we're in a position where that debate has been put to one side is likely because these figures are rising so quickly. it is an either or. the economy and health go hand—in—hand and unless you deal with the increased infection is now, you will cause long—term damage to

the economy which is why a comeback to the point we were making before the summer, that the experts are making — if you don't fix your testing system you'd face a bleak winter. sadly, all the warnings that we re winter. sadly, all the warnings that were made before the summer, ministers didn't act on them and this is where we are today. mr ashworth, good of you to talk to us, thank you very much. the shadow health secretary. there we have my colleague ben thompson, our business correspondent. let's reflect on the tough new measures for the hospitality industry. that idea of closing pubs and restau ra nts that idea of closing pubs and restaurants may be an hour or two early might not seem significant but many firms we've spoken to say that could cost them up to half of their business because not only would they lose a significant proportion of their evening business, they'd also lose that lucrative second sitting for dinner, those diners that want to come in at 8:30pm, 9pm because we

are told these new rules will mean customers need to be off the premises and the doors locked by 10pm which means that last orders come earlier in the evening. the night—time economy is considered to be high risk as far as this virus is concerned because we are perhaps less likely to be at a hearing to social distancing rules if we had a drink orto social distancing rules if we had a drink or to make. let's speak to steve, the general manager here. you just getting back on your feet, you've reopened, you've got staff coming back in, what are these new rules that come into force on what they mean for your business? another tough night for the hospitality industry and what it means for us we have a relatively buoyant summer, sales have been all right but now we are going into the colder months and we start to lose our big beer garden, we go inside with table service, garden, we go inside with table service , revenues garden, we go inside with table service, revenues will drop and in particular we'll have to more staff to do more table service which will cost us more to do what we need to do when actually were making money

so do when actually were making money so the government has put us in a fix with the new rules. you've talked as well about policing this, getting people off your premises at 10pm, during the week not so much of a problem but during the weekend it puts you in a difficult position. a problem but during the weekend it puts you in a difficult positionm has been difficult far being able to act as a policeman for our pubs and we don't want to be that kind... we don't provide that kind of atmosphere. we want people to enjoy themselves but the extra burden of having to monitor peoples behaviour even more, to get them out of the pub ata even more, to get them out of the pub at a certain time will cost more money so pub at a certain time will cost more money so at this time where we are losing money, we have to spend more money to carry out government restrictions. steve, good luck. hope it works out for you. there you have it. we know the hospitality industry relies on confidence, the whole government eat out to help out scheme was designed to reassure us it was safe to come out to places like this, to get us more confident eating and drinking once more so

firms tonight will keep a close eye on the impact of this to see what effect that could have on what will bea effect that could have on what will be a pretty fragile recovery. then, many thanks again and many thanks to your guest in south london. all day, viewers have been sending in their questions to the bbc asking what the restrictions mean for them. to help answer some of them, with me in the studio is our health correspondent lauren moss, and, joining me from manchester, is our education correspondent elaine dunkley. i'll be with you in just a second, elaine. lauren, this question comes fromjill asking why elaine. lauren, this question comes from jill asking why our vulnerable people not being told to shield particularly in areas of local restrictions? this is something he promised to has said is under co nsta nt promised to has said is under constant review and the decision to keep shielding has been made following advice from senior clinicians. 2 million people were told to shield between march and

august, those clinically extremely vulnerable. the alert level has gone up vulnerable. the alert level has gone up to fourand vulnerable. the alert level has gone up to four and the medical community believe shielding should be reinstated. a decision like this impact so many people and it's not suppressing the virus in the wider community is the most effective way to protect these groups, not simply locking up the elderly and vulnerable. you do that and the virus will still spread, he said. if the steps announced today don't work, that decision might be looked at again. although shielding might not be brought back, there might be focused measures for certain groups, greater powers for local authorities to enable distancing. elaine, justin alice has sent in this question. it is about universities. why are keeping universities open when stu d e nts keeping universities open when students are able to study remotely and they can help to stop the virus spreading? what is the logic of that? universities are putting a

huge number of courses online but for some degrees that is impossible especially where there is a practical element, especially with lab work, is a veterinary science, nursing, just to name a few but universities are keen to welcome students back on campus for a number of reasons. one of the main reasons is that going to university isn't just academic, there is a huge social side to it, moving away from home, moving to a new city and they are also paying fees so universities will be worried if students think, do you know what, i don't want to get invested just to do online courses so get invested just to do online courses so it could have a financially damaging impact on universities and we have to remember as when students bring a lot to local economies in terms of hospitality, restaurants, bars and clubs. in terms of accommodation and paying rents. universities know they have a huge responsibility, this is a huge internal migration with a high numberof a huge internal migration with a high number of people moving across the uk. universities have set up charters for students to adhere to

to recognise the responsibilities and when you go around university campuses you'll see markings about social distancing, one—way systems, hand sanitiser, so universities are taking this whole thing very seriously and we realise there are lots of things that could impact on students coming to university. more than anything, this is a move towards normality. thank you. lauren, just a few seconds for this one. mary asks, why is england not doing the same as scotland and banning meeting in other peoples houses if this is where the majority of infections are happening? put simply the sorts of decisions are made by the devolved administrations, they have different advisers in scotland and wales and northern ireland. some say the measures are not as northern ireland. some say the measures are not as stringent so it is yet to be seen how big of an impact they make. thank you for answering a few of the questions and i apologise to those of you who sent lots of questions today but we are

trying to deal with them right across the range of our programming and on the bbc news channel we will be asking and answering some more of those questions as they come in. for viewers on bbc one, that's it for now. tomorrow, there'll be a response to the prime minister's address by the labour leader sir keir starmer. and we will cover that. i'll be back here at 10pm with the latest, thanks for watching, and goodbye for now. hello. for quite a few parts of the uk, it turned out to be a cloudy day but across the midlands and eastern england we held onto some sunshine for most of the day and that's the scene in derbyshire early on. in the sunshine in suffolk it became warm with temperatures reaching 26. but it will get cold of all of us over the next few days and in suffolk we are looking at temperatures dropping by 14 celsius between now and the

end of the week and the colder air is on the way at the moment, arriving behind this cold front that will push its way southwards across the uk. that'll continue to bring rainfora time the uk. that'll continue to bring rain for a time across scotland and northern ireland overnight with skies clearing later on as the wet weather trundles into england and wales. as the skies clear across the north it will be in much colder night, cold enough for a touch of frost on the grass for some areas of scotland and england, and england and wales of the state stilljust about into that mild air. through wednesday, the cold front will continue to push southward and eastwards so outbreaks of rain all areas. the rain will turn increasingly heavy across the east. showers follow to western england and wales, scotland and northern ireland having the best of the dry weather and sunshine but this is where we will see some of the lower daytime temperatures. highs of around 12 or 13 degrees. a much cooler feel here. wednesday evening it could turn quite windy for a time around some of these southern channel coast and the north sea coast from an area of low pressure forms.