us media reports say president trump has decided to nominate the federal appeals courtjudge amy coney barrett to fill the supreme court seat left vacant by the death of the liberal icon ruth bader ginsburg. the nomination comes weeks before the us presidential election. the late us supreme court justice ruth bader ginsburg has become the first woman in american history to lie in state in the capitol building in washington. she was honoured during a private ceremony that was attended by family members and some officials as well as invited guests. french investigators say seven people have now been arrested in connection with an attack outside the former offices of the satirical magazine charlie hebdo in paris. reports say the prime suspect is an 18—year—old pakistani. two film company employees were attacked with a large bladed weapon. local lockdowns are being

introduced in three more areas of wales this weekend, the capital cardiff, swansea and clanethly . it'll mean close to half the welsh population, around 1.5 million people will now be under much tighter restrictions. our correspondent, hywel griffith reports now, from cardiff. we've got to come to a decision by sunday. the logistics of lockdown can be painful. leigh and her grandson, corey, can't decide how they'll cope. it all depends on how long this covid lockdown lasts. they live separately, and so from sunday evening can't be under the same roof or leave cardiff. other relatives live in places already under lockdown, so they'll all be cut off. it's a travesty, isn't it? i'll be honest with you, i think it's going to have a lot of psychological effects. i think it's going to bring in a lot of loneliness, and i really am not looking forward to the second wave. i think it's going to be twice as bad as the first wave.

they endured the first time, but knowing that coronavirus has spiked again because some people failed to follow social distancing makes this even harder. do they not care about their family? is there nobody in their life that they love? are they realistically not going to be bothered if one of their family die of covid? it's frustrating. yeah, it really is. with cardiff, swansea and llanelli all being added to wales‘ lockdown list, by sunday evening almost half of the population will be under the tougher measures. and the entire nation's being asked to think twice before people travel anywhere. going to school or university is a valid reason, but as students arrive here for the start of term, they've been warned not to meet indoors with anyone not in their household. the measures reflect the seriousness of the position and we ask people to reflect on that in their own conduct and to avoid unnecessary contact with other people. so just how serious is the second wave?

hospital admissions are rising, but very slowly. at wales‘ largest hospital, they're braced for more serious cases soon. it's inevitable that we'll see a rise in hospital admissions. i suspect that will be a gradual increase in the weeks to come, so we may have a few weeks. we've been preparing all year. how long this will last is far harder to plan, but most here are preparing for the long haul. hywel griffith, bbc news, cardiff. now on bbc news, it's time for click. this week: youtube cracks down on misinformation. nick sneaks up on misinformation. nick sneaks up on on misinformation. nick sneaks upona on misinformation. nick sneaks up on a robot tractor. and omar's mask wearing masterclass has been postponed due to unforeseen circumstances.

hey, welcome to click, i don't know about you but the weather has turned very autumnal in these parts and as expected the restrictions are being tightened up as the numbers here rise. as we go into winter. lara, how are you?” have been a little bit under the weather this week, don't worry, not coronavirus but it did get me thinking, if i am ever u nwell did get me thinking, if i am ever unwell it would be quite handy to have a spare version. soi handy to have a spare version. so i have been working on a virtual version of me. we are a technology programme. we are but we have always said this is the danger, if they ever create a convincing version of us and we are out of a job. a convincing version of us and we are out of ajob. hi spencer, i'm virtual lara. 0k, you may not be full but you think anyone else will notice? what was that? where did that come from? i was created by ai

do generation platform synthesia, it seems anyone can have a virtual them. what do you think? i think that is absolutely incredible. i think the only thing that didn't fool me was the lip syncing, your mouth was doing something weird, like he had just come out of the dentist. but that is brilliant. can we bring up the real lara? brilliant. can we bring up the real lara ? what brilliant. can we bring up the real lara? what have they done, have they just basically reanimated your mouth? yes, but it was quite frightening to see how wonky my mouth actually is, i have never noticed that for. but the purpose of this is it could be used for something like corporate training videos, where a familiar face or even calling people by their names could be helpful. how did you make it? i had to make a video of me presenting the exact same thing five times. now to do that i needed to follow their guidelines, which included sitting rather still, not moving my arms and not getting too animated. which for me felt rather unnatural, so i was expecting the end result to be a little bit strange as a

result of that. but once you have made that video, they are able to use it with all your different mouth movements to add whatever sound you have given them, making it look as though you are actually saying it. now they can do that using one of their voices, or your own. and it also means that there is the opportunity to be able to give different accents or make you speak in different languages. hi spencer, i am the new virtual lara. speaks spanish excellent spanish! thank you. someone who can tell us more about this is synthesia's ceo victor. we have look at your technology before the programme, at the moment there area programme, at the moment there are a selection of voices on the platform or you can upload your own. but how about an artificial version of our own voices, would it be possible soon? absolutely, that is the natural next progression of

these types of technologies. we can now also replicate your image, and soon it will be your voice as well. the voice technology is kind of their today, but it requires a lot of audio to really work, usually the kind of, the rule is something like 15—20 hours in a professional recording studio of you reading aloud a text. why is it so much harder to do voice and video? there are several reasons, but one of the reasons is, if you think about what a computer sees, then if you replicate a video of you in the kind of style that you have seen with lara, there is the kind of space of possibilities is quite constrained. your replica adding a video of someone replica adding a video of someone sitting here and they are speaking and you sink their lips and head movements and things like that. if you try to do something like this with a voice, then the training data will be a lot more limited, so let's say even if you have two hours of you talking, that is

still a very little part of all the things you could possibly say. so can i use your platform to upload a video of anyone, not me, and create a virtual version of them? no. why not? we need written consent from whoever is being uploaded. so everything goes through manual review and we only do custom avatars for corporate clients. so clearly you have protocols in place but is the very existence of this technology, the fact that all of this is possible, not a pretty big risk in itself, that the wrong people will use it? we have seen people will use it? we have seen these things happen before. definitely, as a whole it definitely comes with, with potential for misuse, that is something that is really important that we address. both from a technical perspective but also from an educational perspective. any technology can be used for good and bad, i am not i think that deep fakes or video is really different from being able to forge text or

images, or tweets, which has beena images, or tweets, which has been a problem for the last 20 years, but it is certainly something we need to be really aware of. thanks victor. so the reality is that making fake videos has become a lot more sophisticated. and we are already all—too—familiar with how false information can cause real harm, and has damaged people's trust in ears. and even though most of the conversations have been centred around facebook, youtube has also been a big contributor to the spread of misinformation. the upcoming us election is going to place even more emphasis on this issue. and so the bbc‘s specialist disinformation reporter marianna spring has been finding out more. youtube has an incredibly smart algorithm. at smart enough to make the company a of money. more eyeballs on a video and more engagement equals more

cash. it's simple. but what is not simple is how potent this combination has become. videos from fringe groups with extreme ideas surfacing to the top and influencing uses people ‘s views. the pandemic has pushed theissue views. the pandemic has pushed the issue to new levels, with false information about the coronavirus often finding a much larger audience than trusted sources. as the months have gone youtube has become inundated with documentary style films from geosciences advancing bumblebees. this plandemic documentary saw millions of years. use were re— uploading the clip. and recently demonstrated have taken to the street in london to promote some of the most popular coronavirus conspiracy theories is mainly seen online. the man who would like to remain anonymous got in touch with us after his mum decided to go along. one -- mum had two posters, one had a rest bill gates, the other one had a

qanon hashtag. she has been first taken in by coronavirus conspiracy is a new tube and now has been taken in by qanon. it is so hard to have a normal conversation. qanon is a conspiracy theory that suggests president trump is waging a secret war against satanic paedophiles in government, media and business. the social media and business. the social media giants have had a bit of a reckoning since trump ‘s election, all trying to clean up election, all trying to clean up their act to stave off hand handed —— heavy—handed regulation. youtube now that it has added a new tool to its arsenal to combat misinformation. it has partnered with fact checking sites, pointing them to information by trusted sources. put simply, it is a tool where when users go to search for a particular topic on youtube, if there happens to be a fact checker, these faq checks are generated by third—party publishers, that will trigger in the results of that

particular query, right at the top of the query, and it will link up to that fact check, saying whether that particular claim is false, oftentimes fact checking publishers have a rating of that type of claim, that will be displayed as well. this is one of the many tools youtube says it uses to reduce misinformation on the website. none of these measures seem to be proactive and doing enough to reduce exposure to misleading information. the challenge about misinformation, as you know, on a platform like ours which is an open platform, we really do value the fact that it we really do value the fact thatitis we really do value the fact that it is an open platform, where there is a diversity of voices, is that with the changing nature of information around this pandemic, what is the new type of misinformation that might pop up? before there was the conspiracy around 5g and covid—i9, who would have guessed that those two could randomly, separate pieces of technology and science would be linked together? all that happened in the course of the pandemic. so we had to adjust

very quickly to change our enforcement guidelines. you say these conspiracy theories are new and evolving but a number of the ones that are still being promoted on your platform have been around for months. especially in foreign languages, including russian and hindi, false conspiracy theories about the origin of coronavirus or even doubting its existence. the content that might not clearly cross the lines of our policies, we reduce that content in our recommendations. so if it is borderline content in nature, because as i said misinformation can be murky but we still want to reduce the exposure to it. youtube says it has removed millions of videos containing misinformation from the platform. in many instances before anyone has viewed them at all. but there have been numerous examples of videos promoting false claims and conspiracy theories about coronavirus, especially in foreign languages. and those of state online for months, accumulating hundreds of thousands of views. the mozilla foundation behind the firefox

browser decided to act, this week releasing a new extension called regrets reporter. the idea is a user can report any content they find unsavoury. they say this can force youtube to become more transparent about how it algorithm works.” think that you too's algorithm is really one of the most opaque ones out of all the platforms out there, which is why they have a lot more work to do. so youtube has come out with a lot of statistics like saying they have increased, introduce policy changes that work to decrease recommendations of borderline content recommendations of borderline co nte nt by recommendations of borderline content by upwards of 70%. but the problem is that there is really no way to verify whether or not this is the case without involving the public, involving researchers, sociologists, people who have knowledge that goes beyond just the boardrooms

of silicon valley, that together we are better able to solve this problem of misinformation surfacing in recommendations. hello, and welcome to the week intact. this week: us company walmart attempted to take a 20% sta ke walmart attempted to take a 20% stake in tiktok. donald trump cast doubt on the deal unless they could have total control. microsoft announced the acquisition of zenimax, behind the elder scrolls. an elon musk reviewed a new battery designed to tas la, which has claimed it will give the compa ny‘s to tas la, which has claimed it will give the company's vehicle isa will give the company's vehicle is a i6% greater range. police and the us and europejoined forces in a series of co—ordinated raids against illegal dark web marketplaces. the operation known as disrupt

doors or 179 people arrested and the seizure of over 105 kilograms of drugs as well as 64 guns. could this be the future apply? our buyers has unveiled plans for it hailed as the first commercial zero emission aircraft. the company said its hydrogen fuel passenger planes could be in service soon. and if movies have taught me anything... a 20 tonne robot has shown it can move. the gun damn robot based in yokohama,japan, move. the gun damn robot based in yokohama, japan, was originally due to be the centrepiece of a new factory, but the coronavirus outbreak has delayed the opening. around the world, each country has their own social distancing rules. here in the uk, they are co nsta ntly rules. here in the uk, they are constantly updated. but there area

constantly updated. but there are a couple which seem set in stone. and that is: to maintain a two metre distance from others wherever possible, and you wear a face mask in most indoor spaces. but, you wear a face mask in most indoorspaces. but, let's be honest, not everyone sticks to the rules. so, a number of tech solutions have been brought to market to help people stick to the guidelines. let's take a look at a few. this organisation have come up with an artificial intelligence solution that identifies when someone solution that identifies when someone is walking towards the store and counts the number of people entering and exiting. once the maximum occupancy limit is reached, the doors locked and only open up again once there is more room inside. though it is probably one for the bigger chains, as the solution will cost around £6,000. so, in a bid to make people feel safe enough to go backin people feel safe enough to go back in stores, even smaller businesses are adopting a solutions. they have created a system that can detect whether someone system that can detect whether someone is wearing a mask and not when entering a premise. if

they are, great. you can walk on through. and if not, a screen displays a warning to remind them to put one on before coming in. the aa is trained using thousands of images of people wearing masks, but is still fairly new. so, just how accurate is this? so, as long as that stays green, it is working. this works again. what if i cover my eyes. hold on. right. let's give it a go. green? green. i can trick the ai wearing this. i thought i was being smart. i thought by printing this out i could to get into thinking but i was going on without a mask. no... that is quite annoying. knows, mouth, nose, mouth. my days! so, i was able to full that a

couple of times, but the company does admit it has some work to do. we found the system to be incredibly accurate using a whole host of mask was that the mouse you showing me there isa the mouse you showing me there is a picture of a nose and face on it. if we find those problem masks, we can very quickly teach the system what those masks are and it will be able to identify it. this system is still quite expensive, costing about £3000 to install. with both solutions, they can be valuable in another way, too. when members are approached or asked politely to put a mask on, that can be personal. they can on, that can be personal. they ca n start on, that can be personal. they can start acting hostile in a worst—case scenario. can start acting hostile in a worst—case scenario. since we have had the system installed, it has taken the confrontation out. so it has helped with the tea m out. so it has helped with the team and customers. what about the outdoors? this temperature sensing helmet is something we featured briefly on the show if you months ago. and we have

finally been able to get our hands on it. behind the visor is an augmented reality eyepiece that displays an overlay on what is in front of you, telling you the temperature of a person. and if they are over a certain limit, it could be an indicator that they may have a symptom of covid—19. developed by casey wearable, it is primarily used by police forces in china, but now also being used internationally to survey areas with a large volume of people. there is something in common with all of these products. maybe you have noticed it. all of these were designed before the pandemic, with other users in mind, and are now trying to quickly adjust devices to market them as something to help to fight against the spread, of covid—19. so there needs to be a way to test these products, to see if they have been repurposed effectively. and that is why we're here today, at a research event will they be looking at is distance

devices to see how well they alert you when you are within someone's to meet approximately. they're someone's to meet approximately. they‘ re doing someone's to meet approximately. they're doing it by running through three different scenarios. the first is where two people will move in closer to someone standing by the sink to see how quickly the devices off once they move within two metres of each other. second is the walk down the corridor, where two people will walk past each other. this is done at different speeds, to see if the devices can pick up such a quick passing by. and the third is the close but not close enough. to see if the devices can tell that a while separates the two people in close range and it won't go off. now, these accessories use one of three different kinds of radio waves to detect another. the well—known bluetooth, the lesser—known ultrawide band, which is used by many tracking devices and now also appearing in smartphones, or a combination of both to maximise range. bluetooth devices didn't

farewell and failed all the tests. it isn't very accurate if the devices are obscured. ultrawide band ones performed very well, as its accuracy is roughly 5— ten centimetres, and the combo products did well, too, but all of them failed the wall scenario. and it is not good enough stop there is a lot of hype around iot, and the fear barrier is low. so you will find a lot of devices pretending to do something that actually they don't deliver. proper evaluation of devices and solutions is important. many companies are bringing in their solutions to the market, and as keen as they are, whether their main intent is to sell or to help, the most important is that it works. that was omar. how interesting was that. and now to something else i have really been looking forward to. it is nick's continuing journey across the australian outback in search of

tech. this time he is back in the queensland central highlands with some robots. plus, cutting age a! to look at. we are a start-up technology company building autonomous robots. and a fully fledged farming operation as well. we grew chickpeas, barley, mung beans, sorghum and we run cattle as well. we got bigger, we got heavier, and i think we were compromising the way we we re think we were compromising the way we were doing things. so, yeah, we started this to make our machines lighter. spray rigs were seven times, up to 27 times, the erosion tracks were huge. they realise their traditional tractors were compacting their soil too much, and in the face of increasing herbicide resistance, decided to make their own. and they really went for it. waiting in

ata really went for it. waiting in at a slender 2000 kilos with a 75 horsepower diesel engine, if generation but november autonomously browse paddocks on the hunt for evasive with —— fifth—generation. november has 13 different infra—red cameras dotted along its back boomer. when it dries over weeds, it sees them and spray some herbicide now, one of its edge one “— herbicide now, one of its edge one —— from one of its individual 65 nozzles. it can precision target weeds and cut harmful herbicide usage by 98%, drastically reducing run—off. it can work day a note, doesn't need a lunch break, and unlike me, it is not heading to the pub at the end of its shift. at the front of the machine we have these cameras, we have three different lots of cameras, and they are actually our obstacle detection. what they do is build a ground plane

out in front of the machine, and the obstacles are built off the ground plane. if there is something that comes up that is unexpected, it was it an. which ido unexpected, it was it an. which i do feed the robot as much information as we can before it gets out there, but this is one of those safety measures. so i don't get run over? yes, so you don't get run over? yes, so you don't get run over. developing the software on the farm does those leagues ahead, i suppose, in terms of the practical applications of the technology. if we were in the inner city and we had to go testing every three orfour weeks, and we had to go testing every three or four weeks, there and we had to go testing every three orfour weeks, there is already a delay in the feedback of that software. with the training ground on their doorstep, it means developers can rapidly prototype and see their code in a real—life scenario right here in the field. four hours, we can write something up and have it out on the robot within an hour work out in the real world, and a couple of work hours after here. it makes the process a lot faster. we want to get them out of air—conditioned comfort and into the paddock. we want them to see how it will respond

to the environment or whatever is in front of it. washouts, every paddock and every industry is so different. and the robots are customised for different industries. they have got them on macadamia nut farms, painting cotton, mowing grass on turf arms, and they are now turning their lives a focus to orchards, literally. does there laser focus. the technology we are using uses computer vision and says this tree needs thinning today and this tree doesn't need bending. the end result will be better quality for better yields and potentially less chemicals used in the system. eventually we wa nt to in the system. eventually we want to get rid of using chemicals altogether. you just like a weed out what you pay weed out, or microwave it, for example, there are lots of opportunities in that area. sarah opportunities in that area. sara h wa nts opportunities in that area. sarah wants to lock in a time... is really normal in agriculture, how is it to work together? it's what we do.

agriculture, you see it all the time. it is nothing different for us, yeah. laughter that was nick, loving life on the farm. that is it from us for this week. as ever, you can keep up with the team throughout the week on social media, find as i youtube, instagram, facebook and twitter at bbc click. seriously, she has really gone and let her read yourself to do the work? honestly. well, from the work? honestly. well, from the real me and not so real her, thanks for watching, and we will see you soon. bye bye. theme music

hello. while much of the uk will have a fine, albeit rather chilly and breezy weekend, eastern parts of england will continue with cloud, the chance of seeing some outbreaks of the showery rain and strong winds. but right along the coastline, you could well be seeing some gusts of 50—60 mph, particularly the coast of east anglia. these are average speeds. clearly, the gusts will be higher the further east you are, the closer you are to the coastline. mid—to—low teens for the top temperature, maybe 16 right along on the south coast. overnight and into sunday, a lot of cloud through the eastern side of england. breeze, wind still, maybe some light rain or drizzle. temperatures holding up compared with elsewhere. where you are clear towards the west and north, and particularly into parts of scotland and northern ireland, there is a risk of a touch of frost once again going into sunday. but scotland, northern ireland, wales, western counties of england will see some sunshine again on sunday. much of the midlands and eastern england will be cloudy, could see a bit of patchy light rain,

not amounting to very much, and still windy.

this is bbc news, i'm maryam moshiri. our top stories: us media reports that donald trump has decided to nominate federal judge amy coney barrett to the supreme court. but the president remains tight—lipped. so that decision will be made, it is made in my own mind but we will be announcing it tomorrow, five o'clock. the nominee will fill the seat made vacant by the death ofjustice ruth bader ginsburg; today she became the first woman in american history to lie in state in the capitol building in washington. two people are wounded in a knife attack outside the former offices of the french satirical magazine charlie hebdo. and look away if you don't like rodents,