this is bbc news with the latest headlines for viewers in the uk and around the world. a quarter of the uk population is under extra lockdown rules — with new measures in force across parts of northern england and wales from today. it comes as 1,700 students in manchester are told to stay in their halls of residence for two weeks after a spike in coronavirus cases. in france, protests from hospitality workers as new covid restrictions come into effect in marseille, the epicentre of a secondwave of coronavirus infections. tributes are paid to a popular and talented police officer killed at a custody centre in south london. sergeant matt ratina was shot, as a suspect in handcuffs was being checked in. us media say donald trump will nominate conservative federal judge amy coney barrett to the supreme court.

a formal announcement from the white house is expected later. switzerland heads to the polls in a referendum on whether to end free movement between it and the european union. hello and welcome if you're watching in the uk or around the world — and stay with us for the latest news and analysis from here and across the globe. more than a quarter of the uk population are living under stricter coronavirus lockdown rules, as new measures come into force this weekend. it comes as the rate at which the virus is spreading in britain, appears to be speeding up. from today, households in leeds, wigan, stockport and blackpool are banned from mixing in each

other‘s homes or gardens. and in manchester, 1,700 students have been told to self—isolate for two weeks, after a spate of positive tests. households will also be banned from mixing in the welsh town of llanelli from 6pm, with cardiff and swansea following suit tomorrow. elsewhere the worrying trend of rising cases in france continues, with almost 1600 new cases. there are also just under 1100 people being treated in intensive care. the dutch prime minister has described a second wave of coronavirus in the netherlands as "very worrying", after it recorded a record number of cases yesterday. more on the picture across europe in a moment, but first with the latest on the uk here's richard galpin. manchester metropolitan university — one of the growing list of universities across the country where students have had to go into lockdown in their accommodation blocks.

this, the result of a significant spike in coronavirus cases. 1,700 students here having to self—isolate for two weeks, the aim to suppress the outbreak. it is a bleak start to the new academic year. we've just been told we have to stay in our flats for two weeks. bearing in mind, like, a lot of us have already been isolating for the past two weeks or ten days because a lot of us have had coronavirus or been in contact with somebody with it. we've not been given any indication of how we're going to get the supplies we need, like shopping, and we have no access to washing machines to wash our clothes. the situation‘s also increasingly bleak here in south wales. the town of llanelli is today being added to the areas that have already been sealed off — no—one able to enter or leave without a specific excuse. cardiff and swansea also due to join the list on sunday. all this bringing almost half the population of wales under lockdown.

meanwhile, from today, people in leeds as well as stockport, wigan and blackpool are banned from gathering in a private dwelling or garden with any other household unless in a support bubble. i don't think people take notice, personally. i think people are just going to do what they want, really. you can't police it, it's impossible. i imagine if it's got to be done, the measures have got to be done, so... safety first, so, whatever it takes. if we have to do it we have to do it. yeah, i am worried, because my grandma's by herself so, like, i do worry about her. but everybody's got to do their part, really. the latest official figures clearly show infection rates are increasing across the country, with 6,874 new cases and 3a new deaths. and now london has been put on a watchlist as cases increase. the mayor, sadiq khan, calling on the government to increase the availability of tests, and asking londoners to act with caution and follow

public health guidelines. richard galpin, bbc news. earlier i spoke to our correspondent luxmy gopal, who was outside the manchester metropolitan halls of residence, where students have to self—isolate when students applied to university, this is not probably what they had in mind for the start of the academic year. a lot of their face—to—face courses are now online, freshers' week, a socially—distanced affair. and here in manchester, 1700 students at manchester metropolitan university starting their year in self isolation for two weeks. so, behind me, there is one of the student halls that has been affected. just down the road is one of the others. and students here are in lockdown for 1h days, self isolating after an outbreak of more than 100 coronavirus cases. and actuallyjust a few minutes ago, before i started speaking to you,

we saw a student who had left his lockdown. he was in lockdown, but he left to go and get tested, because he had coronavirus symptoms. and one of his housemates had also been tested positive. and he was saying that he felt a bit... well, bit let down, a bit betrayed. because this isn't what he had anticipated. he'd spent thousands of pounds on rental fees and on tuition fees, only to have the start of his term with online courses and being stuck in this building here for the next two weeks. france's public health agency is warning that the country's coronavirus epidemic is in an "ascending phase". about 16,000 new cases were recorded yesterday, while new virus deaths rose by a quarter last week. hundreds of bar and restaurant owners protested in marseille yesterday at new lockdown measures there, as the city and surrounding area

were placed on maximum alert level. bars and restaurants in paris and 10 other cities will have to shut by 10pm from monday. 0ur correspondent in paris, hugh schofield, says officals have taken action after the rise in coronavirus cases. well, for the last few weeks, the authorities have been looking on aghast as the figures keep climbing up. every week, they have a reassessment. in this week's reassessment, they have decided to get tough, at least tougher. in particular, directing the new measures at the big cities. they have recalibrated all of the levels of circulation of danger of risk and so on, and now there is a sort of maximal risk level which applies in metropolitan france, to marseille. and marseille is regarded as the place which is really where things are closest to getting out of hand. and that is where there is this order applied,

in theory from today, for all bars and restaurants to shut. just to shut. that provoked a backlash. you have shown pictures there from yesterday's protests. there is a real worry in government that if they push too hard they will get a backlash from restaurants, bar owners, who are absolutely fed up. there was a bit of negotiation yesterday, meaning the bars and restaurants in marseille can open tonight, then they will have to shut from tomorrow. in theory for two weeks, but there will be a reassessment in a week from now. and the other big metropolitan areas, including paris and many others like lyon, bordeaux, rennes and so on, it is just one notch down. there, from monday, bars will have to shut at ten. a bit like what we have been hearing about in britain. and no alcohol can be sold in shops

either from ten in the evening. the idea being that it is mainly the fault of young people carousing in bars or on the streets, or wherever, that lies behind all this. it has to be said, there is this sensitivity on this issue, and a fear that if they push too hard there will be a backlash which could lead to protests. the uk will give half—a—billion pounds to a new global vaccine—sharing scheme, which is designed to ensure that covid—19 treatments are fairly distributed. boris johnson will make the announcement in an address to the united nations general assembly — where he'll also promise a significant increase in funding for the world health organisation. let's speak to david nabarro, special envoy of who director general on covid—19 and co—director of the institute of global health innovation, imperial college, london. thanks very much for speaking to bbc

news. first, on the announcement, it raises the interesting challenge, doesn't it, that there are countries that are well equipped to get the vaccine, there are countries that are involved in developing the vaccine. and the need is absolutely genuinely global? absolutely. do you know, earlier reports of what the british prime minister might be saying in the un general assembly this afternoon, really exciting. you are so right. the current situation is truly global. it's just not in any way restricted to one country. and we have to deal with it as i believe the prime minister might say this afternoon, as a global response. so i am proud that this is happening. because i'm british, and it is great that mrjohnson is going to ta ke it is great that mrjohnson is going to take this kind of global, statesman—like stance, i believe.

but i suppose we only have to look at the conflict that the world health organization has been experiencing with the united states in pulling out one of the big countries, facing a big challenge, but not actually seeing in the same way as the world health organization does. and that is a problem, because thatis does. and that is a problem, because that is the difficulty here. there may be a global problem, but there aren't global solutions to it. there aren't global solutions to it. there are political challenges in different countries. there are different countries. there are different perspectives on how best to handle this. yes. do you know, this virus is a really pernicious and difficult virus to deal with. it also doesn't have any political affiliations. it doesn't vote. it just has one objective in mind, which is to spread. and it is spreading superfast which is to spread. and it is spreading super fast in which is to spread. and it is spreading superfast in europe which is to spread. and it is spreading super fast in europe and in other countries. the only way to slow it spreading is to actually interrupt transmission. and that's by changing the way we behave, and

having really good health services. if we try to lockdown, as your primary means of control, it doesn't actually get rid of the virus. but it does make people extremely poor, and it has bad social indications. so what i am really hoping that everybody will do is to recognise it is going to be the way we behave and the way our health systems work that is going to help us get ahead of it. and we've got to do it together. the british prime minister talked early in the week, borisjohnson, when he was announcing the bad news of more restrictions, saying this is a kind ofjoint challenge, but it is one thatis ofjoint challenge, but it is one that is down to individual behaviour. are you worried at all, internationally, that now, as we approach the end of the first year of living with this virus, in some cases, sadly, many, many people are now up to1 cases, sadly, many, many people are now up to 1 million will have died with it very soon, that we are perhaps losing our faith with it very soon, that we are perhaps losing ourfaith in our institutions to respond to this, and

perhaps our own willingness to conform to rules becomes frustrated? well, i really hope that people everywhere will adopt the kind of behaviour that make it hard for the virus to catch them, and will do that because they realise that is in all of our interests. it's no longer all of our interests. it's no longer a case of seeing this as doing what the government tells us to do or not doing it, or doing what institutions say is right, or not doing it. it's actually about the collective survival and well—being of humanity. if we want to get air travel returning to normal, businesses returning to normal, businesses returning to normal, livelihoods returning to normal, livelihoods returning to normal, we've all got to do it. we have no choice. and so, while i understand, listening, for example, to the interview that he did just now about a university student feeling betrayed, i thought to myself, i get that. but, the same

time, ido to myself, i get that. but, the same time, i do want to encourage everybody to see that we don't actually have an alternative. we got to adapt our lives to be able get on with everything that matters to us, and not let this virus get the better of humanity. can we take some confidence in what we've learned in the last six to nine months about this virus? notwithstanding we don't have a vaccine yet, and who knows whether we will ever get one which is, hence in dealing with this, but at least in a way we are managing those most seriously affected by it. within world health organization, we keep a running watch on what is happening around the world. firstly, we have found that if people wear masks, key physical distance, do hygiene in a proper way, keep themselves out of the way if they are feeling ill, and protect those who are most vulnerable, we can keep

life going without being overwhelmed by the virus. in spikes of infection build—up, we have learned that local isolation and movement restrictions, backed up by testing, is absolutely key to getting on top of it. lastly, we have learned that if governments work together, with other governments, and managed to avoid politicising the response to the virus, and actually come together on research and development, like we are doing on vaccines, we have a chance of getting treatments identified, getting better diagnostics and hastening the research to the vaccine, which we know is a tricky issue. i think we are learning a lot and we are also seeing better survival rates in many parts of the world. but there is a long way to go, i'm afraid. the special envoy to the world health 0rganization, special envoy to the world health organization, the director—general on the virus, thank you very much. thank you for having me. tributes are being to a long—serving british police

officer, matt ratana who has been named as the man shot dead in a south—london custody centre. the new zealand—born sergeant was shot in the chest, as a suspect — who was still in handcuffs — was being checked in. jon donnison reports. sergeant matt ratana, almost 30 years in the metropolitan police. now, the first british officer to be shot and killed in duty since 2012. he leaves behind a partner and a grown—up son from a previous relationship. welcome to east grinsted rugby football club! originally from new zealand, outside of work he was a first—class rugby player, and the coach of the east grinsted club in sussex. i don't know anyone that dislikes the bloke. you know, he was just — yeah, he was a great bloke. and pretty sure he was a great sergeant, he was great in what he done. he had a positive impact on anyone that he ever, anyone who ever got to meet matt, and he'll be... yeah. at the moment, still numb, it still hasn't really sunk in. but it's, yeah, he will be missed.

and the commissioner of the metropolitan police said sergeant rata na's service would never be forgotten. his colleagues knew him as a big guy. big in stature, big in heart. friendly, capable, a lovely man, highly respected by his colleagues — officers, staff, and of course by members of the public. the independent 0ffice for police conduct is now working to establish exactly how sergeant ratana was shot dead as a handcuffed suspect was being checked into the police custody centre in croydon. the 23—year—old suspect is in critical condition in hospital. it is believed he turned the gun on himself. he had originally been arrested on suspicion of possessing class b drugs and ammunition in the early hours of friday morning. for sergeant rata na's colleagues, and for police officers across the country, it's a reminder of the risks they take each dayjust turning up for work. jon donnison, bbc news.

president trump is expected to formally announce his nominee to fill the supreme court seat left vacant by the death of ruth bader ginsburg today. us media reports say he will nominate federal appeals courtjudge, amy coney barrett. she's known for her conservative religious views and has called abortion immoral. david willis reports. amy coney barrett is an outspoken conservative and the ideological opposite of the woman she is expected to replace. a devout catholic and mother of seven, she was the early favourite to take the place of ruth bader ginsberg, a liberal icon and the first woman ever to lie in state in the us capital. and her nomination will come before miss ginsberg has even been laid to rest, with what is already becoming

a highly contentious presidential election only weeks away, president trump clearly believes time is of the essence. i think this will end up in the supreme court, and i think it's very important that we have nine justices, and i think the system is going to go very quickly. i'll be submitting at five o'clock on saturday, the name of the person i chose for this most important of all positions. and i think we should go very quickly. at the age ofjust a8, amy coney barrett would be the youngest justice on the supreme court bench. appointments are for life and hers would cement the 9—member panel's shift to the right, possibly for as long as a generation. its sharpest ideological swing in nearly three decades. shortlisted in 2018 for the supreme court nomination that went to brett kavanagh, it is amy coney barrett's views on abortion that most worry liberals. she has called abortion immoral, and some believe her appointment could imperil the landmark

roe versus wade ruling back in 1973 which legalised abortion here nationwide. asked about his reported choice, president trump was giving little away ahead of the formal announcement later today. you'll find out tomorrow. she's very... look, they are all great. it could be anyone of them. but he's made clear he would like to see his nominee confirmed before the presidential election in november. that could prove significant because as well as issues such as abortion, the supreme court might also be called upon to adjudicate the outcome of the election itself, should the result be disputed, as there now seems every chance it will be. professor scott lucas from the university of birmingham told us more about the importance of the nomination. two reasons, one is, given at any time it could take place, amy coney barrett

is an archconservative. in part based on her legal record, in part based on herfaith, which is a particular segment of catholicism. she is very firmly opposed to abortion. that means, as a justice, she is likely to try to restrict access to it. but it's notjust abortion. there is also the issue of immigration, where she has rolled back the rights of immigrants, which could mean hundreds of thousands are at threat of deportation if the court swings her way. she has rolled back rights, for example, for the lesbian, gay and transsexual community. she has also said that chiefjustice john roberts, who helped protect 0bamacare earlier this year, was mistaken in his legal opinion, which bodes for, if donald trump is re—elected, another push to scrap the national health care system. in other words, it would be a significant swing in the court in terms of social issues,

which would have an effect on millions of americans. beyond that, your correspondent nailed it. donald trump is almost certain to defy the result of the election if he loses, and he is counting on the supreme court to have his back, if he tries to stay in office, even thouthoe biden might win the electoral college. if there is a contested election result, as you say, but on her role in the supreme court, she co—wrote a book a couple of decades ago where she said, catholicjudges should not allow their private conscience on issues like abortion to influence theirjudgments. on that basis, if she holds to that view, is some of the criticism of her rather overblown? well, she has said

contradictory statements. for example, at a commencement address at notre dame university where she was a faculty member, she told students that their approach to the law was guided by herfaith. in other words, it was answerable to god, which defies, of course, the idea of the us that church and state should be separated. in all of her... sorry, also at notre dame, she was a very prominent member of the anti—abortion group faculty for life. so she has taken political positions on this and her legal positions have consistently try to restrict abortion rights, to the point where she said that women who go into abortion clinics cannot legally be protected from protesters. i think you have to take her both on her record and on the fact that she has made that expression of a faith—based approach in the past. now, it's being called the swiss brexit. except, switzerland isn't actually in the european union. but on sunday the swiss will decide whether to keep their freedom of movement with the bloc, a move that could affect their long—standing access to europe's free trade area.

imogen foulkes reports from bern. switzerland is becoming too crowded, or that's what supporters of ending free movement say. the population has increased 30% — from 6.6 million to 8.6 million — injust 30 years. the blame, some say, is immigration from europe. the campaign message is blunt — the european union is crushing switzerland. translation: we are heading straight towards 10 million people in switzerland. many of these immigrants stay here, even if they become unemployed. it's clear that we just can't take it. it can break switzerland up. but this vote could be tricky — switzerland isn't in the eu but it has a complex set of treaties with brussels. swiss access to europe's free trade area is tied to keeping free movement. 60% of all swiss exports go to europe. opponents of abandoning free movement say it risks recession and unemployment.

and that's why the government, most political parties, and business leaders here are hoping voters will say a big yes to keeping free movement. they fear switzerland just has too much to lose abandoning it. and there is something else — the swiss have left with the movement for more than a decade. half a million swiss live and work in the eu, young people especially are used to it. the free movement of persons agreement is a right of freedom for us swiss citizens. thanks to it, we can work, live, study, or love, whenever we want in europe. opinion polls suggest the swiss will hang on to those close european ties. that would be a relief to the government. but a yes to keeping free movement from non—eu member switzerland could have wider implications too, a signal to other countries. like the united kingdom, perhaps,

of the kind of compromises brussels expects from countries hoping for a free trade deal. imogen foulkes, bbc news, bern. environmental regulators in chile are threatening legal action — to try to reduce the level of light pollution in the country. the growing urban landscape has a potentially damaging effect on astronomy. chile has become an international hub for scientists wanting to explore the cosmos — as the bbc‘s tim allman explains. if you want to gaze at the stars, here's where you come. chile's atacama desert, with its bone—dry air and crystal clear atmosphere is the perfect place to look up. nearly half the world's astronomical observatories are based here, but there is a problem, the growing urban sprawl of nearby cities is making stargazing just

that little bit more difficult. translation: when i arrived here, there were around 2000 people living in san pedro, there are around 12,700 in the last census. the city has grown and the sky has got worse and worse every year. we have to understand light pollution is a serious problem for astronomers. new buildings, roads and shopping centres all bring illumination or pollution — depending on your point of view. for some this is not just about science, it is about national pride. translation: in chile we have a natural heritage, which is this natural laboratory in the atacama desert which is unique in the world, it is the place where humanity studies the universe and tries to understand the origins of life and we have a very strong duty to care for our country's heritage.

lawsuits have already been filed against some companies, with claims they've exceed limits on light emissions and the government is considering new laws with stricter enforcement. not a moment too soon, say the astronomers, who insist action is needed before the stars fade out of sight. now it's time for a look at the weather with sarah. hello. the weather is staying fairly chilly for many of us to the course of the weekend. for a lot of places there is some sunshine on offer. the exception is across eastern england, where we have more cloud and windy conditions, a brisk northerly wind driving showers in for the likes of lincolnshire, east anglia, down towards the south—east. away from that zone, most other places are dry and fine with some sunshine, and temperatures between 12 and 15 degrees or so. look at those gusts of wind we are likely to see down the east coast. a0 or 50 mph, driving in big waves as well. there

we re driving in big waves as well. there were showers across east anglia and the south—east should fade away into the south—east should fade away into the evening hours. most places looking dry overnight. there will be more cloud for central and eastern england. temperatures not falling to logo. elsewhere, the clear skies, there could be a touch of frost, particularly for rural parts of scotla nd particularly for rural parts of scotland first thing tomorrow. again tomorrow, an east—west split. in central england, cloudy and breezy with the odd shower. away from this zone, a largely dry day with temperatures around 11 to 18 degrees.

this is bbc world news. the headlines... president trump will formally name his choice to fill the vacant seat on the us supreme court today. reports say he will nominate amy coney barrett, who's known for her conservative religious views. a quarter of the uk population is under extra lockdown rules — with new measures coming into force in parts of northern england and wales from today. there have been more protests from french hospitality workers as new covid restrictions kick in. new infections continue to top 10,000 a day. the people of switzerland are to vote in a referendum, which will decide whether the country keeps its treaty with the european union that guarantees free movement and the right to work across the trade bloc.