good morning, welcome to bbc news. here are the headlines this tuesday morning. hours after borisjohnson announced new coronavirus measures in england, it's revealed that scientists that advise ministers called for a short lockdown weeks ago. we did take action, but these are balanced judgments and we also had to balance that against the effect on the economy, people's jobs and livelihoods, on education, which we have made a priority. with rising hospital admissions, labour warns that the new restrictions may not be enough. lam i am concerned they did not go far enough, when you look at hospital admissions across greater manchester and the north—east, you can see the virus is out of control, more and

more people are going into critical care. and coming up in half an hour, get your questionns in on the covid restrictions wherever you are in the uk. if you're unsure about something or uncertain about what the new three tier system means for you if you're in england, do send us your questions — on twitter, use the hashtag #bbcyourquestions, or email yourquestions@bbc. co. uk. we will have a couple of experts to help answer you. the uk unemployment rate rises to its highest level in over three years as the pandemic continues to hitjobs. and donald trump holds his first rally since testing positive for covid. with exactly three weeks to go, both the president and his rival joe biden are ramping up theircampaigns. good morning and welcome to bbc news. it's emerged the government's top

scientific advisers called for much tougher coronavirus restrictions, including a two week lockdown across england, at a meeting on the 21st of september. the experts said an immediate "circuit breaker" was the best way to control cases, three weeks before yesterday's new three tier system for england was announced. the number of people testing positive for covid—19 in the uk yesterday stood at 13,972, with the number of deaths from the virus recorded as 50, down from 65 the day before. yesterday, the nhs england medical director said there were now more patients in english hospitals than when lockdown was announced in march. 651 people were admitted to hospital yesterday, taking the total number of patients in hospital to 3,837. the government says the new three—tier system — in place from tomorrow in england — will help slow the spread of covid—19, but they don't not go as far as the scientists‘ recommendations.

our political correspondent helen catt has the story. life in the liverpool city region is about to change significantly, again. the only place in england so far to be put straight into the highest of the new bands of restrictions. but millions of other people will see changes too because the virus continues to spread. these figures are flashing at us like dashboard warnings in a passengerjet, and we must act now. the new three—tier system for england will replace current local lockdown restrictions, and comes into place on wednesday. most of england will be put on medium alert level where the rule of six and 10pm hospitality curfew will continue. some areas will be put at the high level. no household mixing indoors anywhere but the rule of six still applies outdoors. the most severe level of alert is very high. there will be no mixing of households anywhere. pubs and bars will be

closed unless they provide a substantial meal. but... i am not confident nor is anybody confident that the tier three proposals for the highest rates, if we did the absolute base case and nothing more, would be enough to get on top of it. that is why there is a lot of flexibility. so in liverpool, local authorities have agreed they will also shut leisure centres, gyms, betting shops and casinos. residents will be encouraged not to leave the area and visitors told to stay away. but it's now emerged that the scientists advising the government had said in september that a much tougher batch of measures was needed then, to slow the spread of the virus in england. labour says the government needs to explain why it ignored its own scientists. downing street says the actions it took last month, like the rule of six, were robust but targeted and proportionate, and it followed extensive engagement. and even those have drawn criticism.

in parts of the west midlands which are going into the high alert level, households will no longer be able to socialise in pubs and restaurants. it is very disappointing. it's my view not the right decision both for the health and the livelihoods of citizens across the west midlands. and quite simply, there is very, very little evidence that locations like this pass on the disease. a decision will be made on new lockdown measures in wales in the next few days. in northern ireland, health officials are calling for decisive action. and in scotland, nicholas sturgeon says she will draw up her own tiered framework towards the end of the month. helen catt, bbc news. the first minister of wales, mark drakeford, has threatened to ban people from covid hotspots in england from travelling to wales if borisjohnson refuses to impose the measure himself. the uk government has advised against nonessential travel from merseyside, but stopped short of making it illegal. mr drakeford said he would give ministers at westminster "one final opportunity" before

making changes to welsh law. ministers in northern ireland's devolved government are meeting today to decide on further restrictions to stop the spread of covid. it's understood senior advisors have suggested measures should last between four to six weeks to have the greatest effect. at the moment, there are tighter rules in londonderry and stra bane, where restaurants and pubs can't serve customers indoors. let's talk to our political correspondent, iain watson. what does the government say about the fact that it didn't follow some of the main advice from scientists in september the 21st? there was an amazing gap, everything from online teaching at universities, closing her dresses as well as pubs, this mini lockdown, and what the government actually did with the ten o'clock curfew in the pubs and some

advice to work from home if you could anthony white about the rule of six. the government stated that a balanced approach, it did notjust listen to the chief medical officer but it was listening to the chief economist and they were looking at the effect that any restrictions would have on the wider economy. but earlier today communities secretary robertjenrick insisted earlier today communities secretary robert jenrick insisted that earlier today communities secretary robertjenrick insisted that the government at least took some action that was proportionate at the time and after it received the advice from sage and its own scientific advisers. we did take robust action at that time. if you remember, that's when we clarified the rule of six. that's when we brought in, for example, the 10pm curfew for pubs and restaurants, which i've discussed on this programme many times. so, we did take action then but we've reviewed that and other evidence and that has contributed to the decision that the prime minister made and announced yesterday. interestingly, he said of took

action at the time, but since then more action has been taken, especially in merseyside, in liverpool and surrounding areas, which are now in the most restrictive measures possible in this new tier system, tier three, which includes closing pubs. shadow health secretary jonathan ashworth suggests that even some of these new restrictions would not go far enough. i'm concerned that they didn't go far enough and when you look at hospital admissions, for example, across greater manchester, the north east, you can see that this virus is out of control. there are more and more people going into critical care. i think they should have gone further yesterday and put more restrictions in place, while at the same time giving the appropriate economic support, as well. labour's jonathan ashworth. labour'sjonathan ashworth. the scientists said about the ten o'clock he that cases are likely to have a marginal impact, low confidence, those are the exact words in the report. it was

extraordinary when professor chris whitty said last night that he was not confident that the base—level restrictions on the very high alert areas like liverpool would be enough to get on top of the virus, which basically contradicted boris johnson? basically contradicted boris johnson? yes, certainly he said that in those high—risk areas, local authority leaders would have to go further. boris johnson authority leaders would have to go further. borisjohnson would say the system has flexibility to allow them to go further, but the baseline he has pitted which would allow restau ra nts has pitted which would allow restaurants or pubs selling substantial meals to remain open, when you look back at some of the things being discussed behind—the—scenes just a few weeks ago, certainly at that point the tier three restrictions would have meant closure of hospitality entirely, so there is at the very least a subtle difference between the chief medical officer and the prime minister. but i think again negotiations are continuing with other areas. the government is saying again this morning that there

are no plans to put other areas like greater manchester or tyneside into tier three or even more restrictions at this stage, but nonetheless they are not ruling out taking tough action further down the line. it is quite clear where chris whitty was standing ona quite clear where chris whitty was standing on a debate. certainly some areas begin to get higher levels of intact —— of infection. but what is mysterious to people is exactly what criteria the government is looking at to put different areas into different tiers, there are more infections per 100,000 did nothing donein infections per 100,000 did nothing done in some of the areas under tier three restrictions right now, —— more infections per 100,000 in nottingham than in some of the areas under tier three restrictions right 110w. under tier three restrictions right now. but it feels like once we had seen the sage minutes and we are hearing from chris whitty yesterday, that we are moving in one direction, towards more rather than fewer restrictions on more parts of the country.

danjohnson is in liverpool — now subject to tier three measures. that will come from tomorrow. what does that mean? serious disruption to social life and business. i think people were prepared for that, they knew there would be extra restrictions, but that has been some resentment that this is the only city to go into the toughest tier of extra restrictions, people asking why they are the only ones living under these new restrictions from tomorrow. to give you an idea of the impact this will have, this is a bar on the edge of liverpool city centre which will have to close from tomorrow, across the same courtyard is an italian restaurant which will be able to stay open, so it gets unido of the sorts of impact this is having. fiona runs this pretty themed pub, you will face enforcement if you are not closed after tomorrow —— police themed. enforcement if you are not closed after tomorrow -- police themed. we are closing down of our great friends over the courtyard get to

stay open. we are a bit angry, frustrated and such, we have all followed the same restrictions, all complied with track and trace, we have all been wearing masks, distancing the question is, managing one hotel per table or the table of six, as it will have change we have adapted, they are united states open but we can't. case numbers are growing up, more people are in hospital, they have to do something? —— they are allowed to open but we can't. in march we were all in it together, now some others are in a together, now some others are in a together and some can carry on. if we are all in it together a two week lockdown for everybody would have been more sensible. across the city region or the country? nationwide, manage it for a couple of weeks. ultimately it will go back up again, we have to learn to live with it, it will not go away. you will have staff on two thirds of their wages?

it is not enough. can you survive? people in hospitality are resilient, that 66% is not enough to live on, it takes and below minimum wage, how are they meant to manage, pay the bills, each? we have lots of students, pay for we have people with children, it isjust not. the 80% we got in march, it was not all of the wages but it was more manageable than 66. thank you, fiona. mark runs the italian restau ra nt, fiona. mark runs the italian restaurant, how are you guys feeling, you can stay open, good news? you would think so, that you be honest we feel it will be in a ha rd be honest we feel it will be in a hard run, we still do not have people coming out, we do not have tourism, and obviously reality is quys tourism, and obviously reality is guys are tourism, and obviously reality is guys are doing, not the others they would normally do because it is so quiet, people scarcely come out, it hits you hard so we will suffer, no

doubt. that is across the whole nation, duchess liverpool. and you won't get the support? -- notjust liverpool. these guys are getting 66%, it is still not great, they might be getting their wages but only to internal 15 hours a week, which is nowhere near what these quys which is nowhere near what these guys will be getting. —— may only be doing ten oh 15 hours a week. i personally think we would be better off staying closed. i agree with fiona, we work great together, if you look at a complete national lockdown, that is still not the greatest thing to have... it would hurt even more businesses across the country. yes, but short-term compared to long—term. we do not know when we were going to tier two, nothing has been explained about when we will go into that all how we will. they are going by

hospitalisations, i think it was nottingham, the hospitalisation rate was higher than liverpool but liverpool have implemented tier three and i have not. do you think this city has been treated unfairly? personally, yes. the north—west and north—east travel been hitting hard, so asa north—east travel been hitting hard, so as a whole, the fact that it is liverpool and we have some of the highest rates, but i feel we should all be in it together and supporting each other, not just all be in it together and supporting each other, notjust striking through one city, itjust seems to be liverpool when it comes to it. thank you both for your time, we appreciate you speaking to us, it is appreciate you speaking to us, it is a difficult day for people in this city as they deal with allergy that life will get a lot harder in the next 2a hours, and what will need to happen for these measures to be relaxed? there will be a review in four weeks, but what if cases have not potentially come down? how long

will this go on and what will be the impact ona will this go on and what will be the impact on a city which relies so much on tourism, culture and nightlife. studio: lots of questions yet to be satisfactorily answered. coming up at 9:30, we'll answer your questions on those new covid tiered restrictions for england and across the rest of the uk. we'll be joined by leading scientists — the epidemiologist professor sian griffiths, and professor of public health at the university of edinburgh, linda bauld. so send us your questions, you can use the hashtag #bbcyourquestions or email them using yourquestions@bbc.co.uk. christison says sage do not consider the economics, they advise purely based on science. he says it is disingenuous to state they have advised without stating that they had zero consideration for that. another tweet, and he should be demanding the return of money from

circle, even sage noted test and trace is failing, saying it needed genetic improvement. in those minutes from the 21st of september, sage said that her son chase was only having a marginal impact on transmission, costs osaka, 12 billion. —— costs so staff. so, there has been a disparity between what the government's scientists say should have happened and what the government did back in september. let's talk to lord blunkett, former labour home secretary and former mp for sheffield for 28 years, and jamie driscoll, labour's north of tyne mayor which covers newcastle, north tyneside, and northumberland. welcome, both. lord blunkett, do you have sympathy with the government? they get advice from the scientists but has to balance between that and what is happening with the economy? sorry you can't see me, but i hope you can hear me. we can indeed. we have some sympathy because the advice changes almost by the way,

sometimes by the day. take the eat out to help out in august, millions of people encouraged to go out, heal, go into cafes, restaurants, three weeks after that finished we had the sage minutes from the 21st of september, the scientific advisory group, saying we really ought to have a break, we ought to have a national pause, and that was just in three weeks. anybody who had mapped the evidence so the admissions to hospital go up at the end of august and the infection rates. so we moved from one extreme to another. you might ask the scientists at 9:30am which of the scientists at 9:30am which of the scientists they know during august flagged that this mischa zverev might actually accelerate the spread of the virus? —— flagged that this eat out to help out. there is no unanimity between scientists, there

is disagreement between them. let me bring in james is disagreement between them. let me bring injames risk ——james driscoll, your area is in the second tier, the high level, not a very high level like liverpool, rule of six outdoors, no mixing of household indoors, pubs and restaurants can stay open, as i understand it. is that the right answer, james driscoll? jamie. we have this bizarre situation from governments where we had been told he will only get enhanced level support if we move into tier three. the text entry syste m move into tier three. the text entry system is what we need, that test and trace system, we have been asking for ages can be happy support —— the test and trade system is what we need. the idea we will only get into support in tier three but not tier two is ridiculous. to explain the significance about our audience, you want access to your local test and trace data and you could use

your own people, your own volunteers and local public health officials to knock on doors and tell people to self—isolate? knock on doors and tell people to self-isolate? in a nutshell, yes. our local test entree systems from our local authorities have between 96 and 100% success rate in testing people, the national system drops to around 50%, it is no wonder the virus is getting out of control. we we re virus is getting out of control. we were told by the prime minister yesterday that money will only be available in tier three, yesterday that money will only be available in tierthree, it yesterday that money will only be available in tier three, it is too late by then. that is absolutely bizarre if the way you had described it is accurate. what is the reason why you can't get the data until you are in the highest risk with?m why you can't get the data until you are in the highest risk with? it is notjust are in the highest risk with? it is not just data, it are in the highest risk with? it is notjust data, it is enhanced support. localauthorities notjust data, it is enhanced support. local authorities are facing job cuts, throughout this year, across the north—east, we have lost about £180 million. what reason are you being given by central

government? we are not. i was in a meeting yesterday with robert jenrick and numberten meeting yesterday with robert jenrick and number ten officials, i specifically said, can be have and issuance we will get more money? they said, no, but we will talk to the treasury. this needs to be dealt with now. i agree entirely, victoria. what strikes me as people really need rational, logical decision—making. they need to know what drive you into the different tiers, north of tyne mayor two and three, what drive they should be discouraged? in nottinghamshire they have put the whole county into level two, betty mansfield only 62 out of 100,000 virus cases, in nottingham city, about half the size of sheffield or liverpool, there is over 680. you might logically think that the cities massively affected by the two big universities, nothing

in nottingham trent —— that the city is massively affected. and they are. so why notjust say, take the student numbers that you have a better picture. but if you started having different tiers for mansfield, nottingham city and cou nty of mansfield, nottingham city and county of nottinghamshire, people which, rightly, complain that it was really confusing. they might, but people in mansfield or newark or bassetlaw might actually think, i don't have any students living in my street. but they might commute into nottingham to work. they might well, the chances of the meeting a student, they happen to be campus universities, are very slim indeed. one of my sons went to nottingham and my stepdaughter went to nottingham trent, i unaware of the nature. i am using it as an example. i have no great scientific knowledge, ok? buti i have no great scientific knowledge, ok? but i have the ability to analyse, to ask the right

awkward questions and purple the assessment of risk which i learned when i was dealing with counterterrorism. you always have to do that. so people coming up with minutes of the 21st of september, had they been published in the glove acted on them, i think the world would have imploded. if i had been a circuit break three weeks ago and everybody was locked down for a fortnight, what would the reaction have been? health and economics go together but politics are part of this as well, you have to take people with you, they have to understand why you are asking them to do things and as jamie has described you need to get down at local level. i would like the people during test and also become health education pathogens, i would like us to open a nightingale centred now, not put them on standby —— also become health education professionals. we cannot have people losing their lives because they are not being treated for serious issues

like cancer. cancer research uk revealed last night that 3 million people have missed screening since march, cancer screening. jamie driscoll, this friction between the westminster government and local leaders, what is the solution to resolving back? to get away from this mindset that restrictions are the only tool. i made this point yesterday when i was talking to numberten, if you yesterday when i was talking to number ten, if you only had a hammer, everything looks like a nail. david blunkett was quite right, people had to be able to follow the restrictions, so enough money to self—isolate, support for businesses so they can adapt and continue trading, usually to make sure test and trace is working and to let the people on the ground who know how to do this do theirjob. but you, jamie driscoll, labour's north of tyne mayor, and lord blunkett, former home secretary and

former mp for a constituency and sheffield for 28 years. interesting to hear a labour pearce say effort government had followed the scientists' advice on the 21st of september and i had been a short circuit breaker lockdown, he said people would probably have been up in arms, he said, what you think the reaction would have been? and if you want to find out what the rules are in your area — visit our website bbc.co.uk/news or the bbc news app. you can search by your postcode. it is really simple and helpful, particularly as things are changing a lot at the moment. uk unemployment has risen to its highest level in three years. figures from the office for national statistics show the unemployment rate rose from 4.1% to 4.5% in the three months to august. around one and a half million people were unemployed during that period. the total number of workers on company payrolls has fallen by nearly 700,000 since the start of the pandemic in march. let's speak to our

business presenter, ben thompson. so, tell us the significance of these figures and how bad things are? good morning, victoria. perhaps no great surprise when it plans to the implications for the jobs market, as furlough begins to be one down. 4.5% figure we have had brings the unemployment rate up to the end of august, but the end of august, 3 million people were still having jobs supported by government funding, part of the furlough scheme, so as that starts to wind down towards the end of this month to be replaced by thejob support scheme, big questions about what happens next. there is fascinating detail in these figures we have had from the office of national statistics this morning telling us about the nature of the people more affected, self—employed men have lost jobs at the fastest rate in a

very long time, a number of part—time women had left the jobs market altogether. of that for an employment, 60% of that is among 16 to 24—year—olds, those are bearing the brunt of this terrible job situation right now. let speak to ruth gregory, senior uk economist at capital economics. gave me a sense of what you make of these figures, perhaps no great surprise that it paints a picture of a job market thatis paints a picture of a job market that is not working and one that might get worse i think so. that is not working and one that might get worse i think solj correcting might get worse i think sol correcting a quirk in the survey the statistics agency this morning revealed that the labour market has been somewhat weaker than we previously thought —— by correcting. that means some of the bad news barrett already happened, and the previous figures, we always felt they were underestimating the job

losses giving the difficulties and practically collecting the data over a pandemic, so the statistics agency is undertaking interviews over the phone, over landlines rather than face—to—face, which has meant that too many homeowners are being asked about their employment status and not enough renters, so today's statistics attempt to make allowa nces statistics attempt to make allowances for this and give us an idea of the two state of the labour market, whereas employment was only 40 have fallen by 94,000 since the pandemic began, employment has already declined by 482,000 and the unemployment rate has written to 4.5%, a three—year high, so some of the bad has already happened but given the prospect of further restrictions, likely to mean the economy will stall, that means that worse is still to plan, i think. --

still to come. some may say it is easy to be caught up in headline numbers and forget that these are livelihoods and peoples careers, self—employed men losing theirjobs at the fastest rate, women who were previously working part—time dropping out of the jobs market altogether and a familiar story, young people, 16 to 24—year—olds bearing the brunt, losing theirjobs at the fastest rate? it is particularly concerning that the fall in employment has been particularly marked for younger people, 60% has been for younger people, 60% has been for younger people and many of the jobs have been lost in sectors like hospitality, administrative support services, including things like travel agencies. unfortunately unemployment has already risen

significantly, and i think with the restrictions coming into place, unfortunately we may see much more to come. i think the real danger is of those 3 million also work is that we know were either partially also refer loads in september —— partially or fully furloughed in september, some of them will lose their jobs september, some of them will lose theirjobs as the national butter scheme and at the end of october. the local schemes will help but many businesses' revenues will be reduced in economic activity will be reduced and it will take some businesses over the edge, we may see more job losses to come. we might be looking ata losses to come. we might be looking at a peak in the unemployment rate of 8%, close to the 8.5% rate in the aftermath of the global financial crisis. ruth, really good to talk to

you, thank you. victoria, it really underlines how tough it is, i know you have heard stories from people this morning caught up in all of this morning caught up in all of this and we would also talk at this sort of turnabout vacancies, whether if you lose yourjob there is opportunity to find another, it is worth saying that the number of vacancies rose pretty strongly in these latest figures, so that suggests there are some jobs outside, but the number of vacancies is still 41% below the level before all of this began, so a really tough economic picture forjobs, and as my guest explains, one that could get worse before getting better. thank you very much. it has just gone 9:30. now it's time for a look at the weather with carol. hello again. once again today, some of us will see some showers. for some, some heavier rain,

although the rain not particularly heavy for most as we go through the day. we've got two bands, one moving south across southern scotland into northern england and also wales, and another coming in from kent and east anglia, drifting in the direction of the midlands. showers becoming less frequent in the south—west but more prolific in the channel islands and for scotland and northern ireland today, we're looking at some sunny skies but brisk winds and fewer showers. overnight, there will still be some rain and showers around, but some clear skies and under those clear skies in sheltered parts of the highlands, the west of northern ireland we could even see temperatures dip low enough for a touch of frost. so tomorrow, we start off on that showery note. a keen north—easterly wind bringing in more cloud and some of those showers drifting over towards the midlands, for example, and also wales. temperatures ranging from 10—15 but feeling cooler in the wind down this north sea coastline. thank you very much. now we can bring you the sport and sally is at the bbc sport centre. thank you, good

morning. the row over reform of english football continues. there's a warning that some football league clubs will "disappear within five to six weeks" unless they get financial support. that's according to nigel travs who's chairman of the league two side leyton orient. he's given his backing to project big picture — a plan to reduce the number of teams in the top flight, scrap the league cup and give more premier league money to the efl. the plan has been criticised by the premier league, the government, and the fans, but the former arsenal manager arsene wenger says something has to change. the premier league, at some stage, you have to help the lower clubs and the lower leagues to make them survive. and maybe you need a strict control management to get them to financially survive at the lower levels. how? i don't know, it's too early. to suppress the charity shield — certainly not. and the league cup, as well, it's part of a tradition in england,

you have to accept, when you go to a country, you have to accept the tradition of the culture. finn russell is back in the scotland rugby union squad, after he and head coach gregor townsend buried their differences. russell was suspended for a breach of team protocol and missed the six nations games at the beginning of the year. he left the scotland camp for a drinking session and failed to make it to training the next day. he's in a 40—man squad for the autumn internationals and their final, delayed, six nations match. we have a date for anthony joshua's next defence of his heavyweight title — it'll be held on the 12th december, according to the man he's due to fight. joshua was supposed to take on kubrat pulev injune, but it was postponed because of the pandemic. on his website the bulgarian said the date was "official... "no way back, no postponement, no rescheduling", but we're yet to have confirmation

from the joshua camp. contrasting fortunes for british players at the st petersburg open tennis. a good win for cameron norrie, who beat taylor fritz of the united states — a man ranked 47 places above him in the world rankings. that takes norrie through to the last 16. and we thought we were going to have another briton through after dan evans took the first set against stan wawrinka, and earned three match points in the second. but he eventually lost in three sets. and the huge hits keep coming in the indian premier league. this is the south african ab de villiers walloping it notjust into the stand but beyond it, and onto the road outside. the ball hit not one, but two passing cars. the ipl has been a great watch, hasn't it?! that's all the sport from us

for now, more on the bbc news channel at 11:30. victoria. thank you very much, sally. thank you for your m essa 9 es very much, sally. thank you for your messages as well. you can message me on twitter or instagram. marjorie cesar on september 16, i finally got a test after five days of trying to get one. i am still waiting for the results. it is now october the 12th, surrey, 13th. we are not going to get anywhere with controlling the virus until the testing situation is sorted out. not only is it very frustrating, it's dangerous not to know whether you are infected or not. if you read those sage minutes released from the meeting on the zist released from the meeting on the 21st of september, it says test and trace at the moment is only having a marginal impact on transmission. catherine is in nottinghamshire. she says, good morning, why are areas in nottinghamshire that have infection rates of less than 100 per 100,000, why have they been put in tier two?

this is the point david blunkett made a few moments ago, when a high number of covid cases are in the centre of nottingham. it seems unfairas it centre of nottingham. it seems unfair as it penalises areas following the guidelines. i don't agree with your comment if the whole of nottinghamshire was put in tier two, then people from other areas might travel into nottingham. we have a lower infection rates in these areas because of the sacrifices we have made and it's an insult to our intelligence and common sense to suggest we would all rush to a city with high infection rates. i wasn't suggesting you would do that. i was suggesting some people might complain it was really confusing if a bit of nottinghamshire was tier two, a it was tier three and a bit was the bottom rung. katrina on twitter says, more people will die because of the government's lack of action after september 21. why do we stand for this? now on bbc news, it's time for your questions answered.

there are quite a lot of questions about the new restrictions and tiers. let's introduce our experts this morning. with me is epidemiologist professor sian griffiths. hello, good morning. i'm alsojoined by linda bauld, who is professor of public health at the university of edinburgh. two na m es two names that are becoming very familiar with viewers on bbc news. thank you both for being here to a nswer thank you both for being here to answer these questions. sian, thank you both for being here to answerthese questions. sian, peter e—mailed to say what is the reasoning behind now allowing tier two areas to mix in private gardens, which was not allowed before, yet to ban household mixing in restaurants? peter says there is far less policing and private gardens and banning people mixing in restaurants has a much higher economic impact.

yes, mixing in restaurants has a higher economic impact that mixing in gardens, the risk is not as great as mixing inside. i think with this tiered structure, this is a framework within which local government will be working and we may see moderation and some change but the general guidance is it is quite safe in tier two level is based on levels of infection in the community and population to be in the gardens. i think probably we all recognise as winter comes, we are less likely to be outside. but it may also apply to exercise as well. it's a good idea to be out and exercising. linda, laura said my son is at dundee university living in a private flat with four other stu d e nts private flat with four other students and wants to come home for a visit. we are in county down in northern ireland, he has vouchers to fly from dundee to belfast, can he fly from dundee to belfast, can he fly home if necessary, could he sail home? yes, he could under certain

circumstances. this is a complicated answer, bear with me. circumstances. this is a complicated answer, bearwith me. he is in dundee, which is in tayside, which is not in the central belt where we have been advised not to travel outside of our local areas. that is the first thing. that the second thing is he is in university halls and there is guidance that says those students shouldn't be leaving their joint those students shouldn't be leaving theirjoint household, those students shouldn't be leaving their joint household, which those students shouldn't be leaving theirjoint household, which is theirjoint household, which is their holes, except for specific circumstances. that one of those as if there is a risk to their well—being, which if there is a risk to their well— being, which lawyers if there is a risk to their well—being, which lawyers have said can be interpreted very widely, mental health issues, feeling he needs support, etc. i would encourage her to discuss that with her son encourage her to discuss that with herson and encourage her to discuss that with her son and for her son to discuss it with the halls of residence, just to make sure that his circumstances fit that bit of guidance. 0k, thank you for that. sian griffiths, michael hodge said, can you explain why cheshire east was designated a high risk area by the government yesterday but the nhs app still

classifies it as medium?l yesterday but the nhs app still classifies it as medium? i would suggest that is because the nhs app hasn't caught up with yesterday's announcement. i would use yesterday's announcement as guidance for the tier of risk you are in and i'm sure the app would catch up. linda, this is from henry who e—mailed to say can i travel from a tier two area separately from my friends and meet with them on a tier one level location, god, this is complicated! this is so bespoke, i hope you are listening to this answer, henry. can i travel from a tier two area separately from my friends and meet them on a tier one level location and stay at the same hotel? 0k, level location and stay at the same hotel? ok, i'm sure sian has done the same as me, thoroughly checking for guidance. for those circumstances i have checked. henry is not prevented from travelling

because he is not in a tier three area, so he can do that in a separate car. then we get into the problem is that he lives in a tier two area. i will read the guidance. you must not socialise with anybody outside of your household or support bubble in any indoor setting whether at home or in a public place. that cove rs a at home or in a public place. that covers a hotel. so because he is travelling from that type of area, i really wouldn't advise that. it's against the spirit of the guidance at the moment, which i know it's difficult to hear. henry, you cannot do it, as simple as that according to linda bauld. from kimberly evans, under the new restrictions of tier two, can! under the new restrictions of tier two, can i go and move in with my partner whilst these restructuring are on? i don't know what they restructuring our own bit is or does it not matter about mixing with someone you are in an it not matter about mixing with someone you are in an established relationship with? i think that comes within the general framework of being in a bubble with someone, if you're going to be living with

them, that is your household. so yes, you can move on because it becomes your household. then the household rules apply to both equally. that would be my suggestion from the interpretation. 0k, linda, from the interpretation. 0k, linda, from david, with the rule of six and some pubs and gyms having to shout, why can some people still get on full planes for many hours? that is a very good question. a number of countries have been stricter in relation to their borders. i would say there are quite firm guidelines in place for people who have to travel. i would say this is what we have been advised here in scotland, we shouldn't be travelling internationally at the moment for many hours unless it is absolutely essential. that is a principle, that is not the law. on a plane you need to wear a face covering and there is also air filtration on the plane. i wouldn't assume planes are more risky than other settings but in terms of official guidance, we are still allowed to travel and that includes on aeroplanes. sian

griffiths, from andrew. if i live in a medium risk area but work in a high—risk area, should i still to work? well, it really depends if you can work from home, andrew. if you can work from home, andrew. if you can work from home, andrew. if you can work from home, you are being encouraged to work from home and to keep your going into work on a high—risk area as few as possible. if it is essential you can go to work, you can still go to work in a area. claire has one of the biggest questions with these new tiers. this is for you, linda. we know which places i will in which tiers in england but what are the criteria for changing the tier of a place up or down? those have not been published yet. it's a bit like the confusion we had over quarantine and travel, isn't it, victoria? it is determined by the joint biosecurity ce ntre determined by the joint biosecurity centre in partnership with other bits of government and they will use

multiple indicators. the number of cases per 100,000, looking at not only when somebody tests positive but develops symptoms, looking at the rate of change in that area. i think government, in my view, should be more transparent about what the criteria are when areas shift, as they have done in germany, for example. we haven't seen that data yet. 0k. example. we haven't seen that data yet. ok. we await the publication of that because that will be very interesting, particularfor that because that will be very interesting, particular for those that because that will be very interesting, particularfor those in the higher levels, in the high—risk and very high risk areas. peter rose asks, we are in chesterfield which isa asks, we are in chesterfield which is a level one area. our visitors are from sheffield, a level two area, still allowed, or should we plan cancel a planned visit custom when he says level one i presume he means the highest level of risk. the advice would be to cancel the visit. i think the advice is you should not be moving in and out of high—risk or very high risk areas. that is because they are trying to contain the spread of disease, so if you had

lots of movement around the country, that mixing up of the tiers, then that mixing up of the tiers, then that takes away from the purpose of why the tiers have been brought in. you need to stick to your tier and the regulations in that tier and not move into high—risk tiers unless it is for something like work or school. wright, linda, from debbie. the areas that previously had restrictions have already been put in tier two. we were placed in additional restrictions when our covid were over 25 cases per 100000 and have never been released. those with much higher numbers now are still in tier one with basic restrictions. so that is the bottom rung of the ladder. if they do not need additional restrictions now, why have we been restricted since july? i have some sympathy for those areas who have had so many restrictions, leicesterand areas who have had so many restrictions, leicester and many other parts of the country, for such a long period. progress has not been made. i think if you just look at

the numbers it is misleading because it's also about the rate of change. clearly there is local data suggesting things are not moving in the right direction yet. again, i call for more transparency around the numbers and criteria from government, in partnership with local government, which i think we are now seeing local government, which i think we are now seeing more local government, which i think we are now seeing more of, to give residents certainty. i would be confident things are not moving in the right area in that area yet and thatis the right area in that area yet and that is why things haven't been changed. i willjust break off to give some figures. this has been sent to us by our head of statistics. it is the latest figures from the ons about covid related deaths. they are now doubling every fortnight. 11,500 deaths registered in the uk in the week to the 2nd of october. that is nearly 600 above the average for this time of year and up on the previous week's figures by the same amount. 343 of

these deaths involve covid—19, that is up by 47% on the previous week's figures. covid deaths are doubling every fortnight. figures up to 2nd of october, how do you react to that, sian griffiths? that is exactly the sort of indicator that supports further restrictions because as we know, the infection itself, the rates are going up. we have seen rates of hospital admissions going up and now we are beginning to see the death rate going up. these are 47% since the last week. numbers are still small but even though they are, the trend is rapidly upwards. as linda was saying, we need to play in all these figures at a local level and those figures... and we do need to be transparent and see how we wait the figures and policies dependent on those figures. so i would say we need to listen to the advice which we heard very clearly from jonathan van tam yesterday and we had very

clearly from chris whitty, the chief medical officer and the medical director that the trend is upwards and we need to take action seriously. linda bauld, how did you react a chris whitty saying last night he was not confident the base level of restrictions on the very high alert areas would be enough to get on top of the virus and encourage local leaders to go further? i was not surprised because as sian knows, those of us working in public health have been focusing on this topic for many months. we speak to our colleagues on sage and it is very clear their view was well backin it is very clear their view was well back in september that more was needed and it is notjust a circuit breaker idea but more restrictions temporarily. so when i heard things, i will give you a specific example, huge sympathy for businesses even tier three restaurants, places serving food, some of those are still permitted to stay open. i really think that more is probably

going to be needed. i thought it was very interesting to see the chief medical officer being so clear about that and aligning more in the spirit of what sage said on september 21. how do you both react to the fact the government, there is quite a gap between what the government did on september 22 compared to the minutes of the sage meeting on september 21. how do you react to that? from a public health or epidemiological perspective, the figures on the 21st indicate we need to act and act soon. indicate we need to act and act soon. that has been the message if you look globally, if you look at other countries who have acted soon and acted with more restrictions than we are putting in place, that does control the numbers. but at the same time, economic situations in every country are different and the government here is balancing the economic issues with the health issues. let's just hope that when

the local flavour is played in, issues. let's just hope that when the localflavour is played in, so local directors of public health, local directors of public health, local government take the three tiers and work with them, with their local populations, that if we need to move to more restrictive measures, that they will move to more restrictive measures quickly because we really need to stop the spread of the virus. but does it suggest to you, linda bauld, that the measures that were brought in since september 22, tempe curfew and rule six, we have seen hospital admission rates rise and death rate rise so those measures didn't work? there is a time lag for the hospital admissions and deaths before the restrictions were put in. but from up restrictions were put in. but from up here in scotland, actually, when we introduce the household mixing ban, which has been in place for a while, we have been more cautious up here, and if i speakto while, we have been more cautious up here, and if i speak to my colleagues in the west of scotland,

they have seen that has had some impact in slowing the rate of the increase. when you take university students out of the picture. my personal view is the curfew isn't an evidence—based measure. you would struggle to find anyone in public health whose would agree the random 10pm cut—off has any impact. but when you have high infection rates, you go from a high base and it takes time to see the impact of that and it is probably not enough. those are the two things. fair enough. let's get back to the questions. margaret farrington, i forget who get back to the questions. margaret farrington, iforget who is next, sian, can grandparent still provide child care if you are in tier two? nothing was said about not being able to do so so i assume you can still provide informal care, which will enable parents to keep going to work. so my answer is that as i understand it, yes, you can. there has been no ban on grandparents looking after children in informal

ca re looking after children in informal care situations. 0k, john stevens says merseyside patients are being visited in their homes by care workers aged over 70. is this safe? so, we shouldn't assume everybody over the age of 70 is at equal risk. what i would say as the employers, nhs and social care have a duty of ca re nhs and social care have a duty of care to their staff and to the people who are being treated. what we're seeing around the uk is routine testing of those workers but i have also heard it is not in place everywhere. it's absolutely essential they have ppe, being routinely tested and there is a risk assessment for that individual care worker. i wouldn't assume it is not safe in all circumstances but those things need to be in place. carol is in essex and says are travelling to northumberland on saturday for two weeks, booked last a year. when the new restrictions come in tomorrow, will we be able to drive around

northumberland? unfortunately, the guidance that that alnwick is in northumberland and it is in the highest risk tier and the advice is do not go in or out of northumberland. so i am afraid that really you shouldn't be going to alnwick. shouldn't be going at all? that's how i interpreted it. i'm not sure how linda would have. it is in the guidance at the end, saying you shouldn't travel in and out of high risk areas if you can avoid it. shouldn't travel in and out of high risk areas if you can avoid itl think this is moving so rapidly. sian andl think this is moving so rapidly. sian and i i'm sure we're doing the same thing. i am a little unsure if alnwick is tier one or two. sian is absolutely right. it's very clear in terms of travel, those living in tier three, high—risk areas like liverpool, are advised not to travel except for essential purposes in and out of the area and people shouldn't go into that area. sian is spot on with that. tier two, which i think

alnwick is in but i'm not sure, that wouldn't apply if someone is coming from another tier two area or tier one. it isjolly complicated. i welcome the fact, i would advise people to go on the government website and more importantly check your local authority website. those will be key partners in all of this and it will keep changing. i know it is difficult for the public but find that accurate information from those sources. i'm just that accurate information from those sources. i'mjust putting northumberland in the bbc news... northumberland in the bbc news... northumberland has 187 cases per 100,000, that is the latest, which is way lower than liverpool and places like nottingham. it doesn't tell me which tier it is in but it doesn't sound like a high risk or a very high risk area, does it?l would probably... ithink very high risk area, does it?l would probably... i think the idea is you try not to travel. yes. in and out of areas because you don't

know where you are coming from and to and stopping on the way. the idea is you don't travel unless you have two at the current time because any movement may mean you transmit, unwittingly maybe, you may transmit the disease will come into contact with airand go the disease will come into contact with air and go back to your area. this is all about trying to stop the transmission of the virus and breaking the chain of infection. we use the phrase common sense, it's just one of those things we need to think about and take advice and, as you say, as linda says, it's changing so rapidly that you need to keep up—to—date. changing so rapidly that you need to keep up-to-date. yes, 0k. thank you both very much, really appreciate it. linda bauld and sian griffiths. doing their absolute best to give you clarity to some of those very bespoke questions. i hope you appreciated their efforts. if you have a view to share with us this

morning, send us an e—mail or message me on twitter or instagram. a few minutes before the top of the hour, when we bring you the latest news. but first the weather with carol. hello again. it's another of those days where really you should keep your brolly to hand because we've got both rain and showers in the forecast. but if you want something a bit drier, you don't have to wait too long because really from tomorrow and for the rest of the week, things are becoming more settled, drier but it will remain chilly, both by day and also by night. now, what we have today is low pressure dominating our weather and we've got a front curled around it and that front is producing rain. rain sinking south across scotland and into northern england and wales, rain coming in from kent and east anglia, pushing steadily eastwards. but the showers will clear the south—west more or less getting into the channel islands, fewer showers in the south—west through this afternoon and some brighter conditions. northern ireland and scotland, for you, you will see some sunshine, again with fewer showers but quite

a brisk winter. —— brisk wind. a brisk winter. temperatures ranging from ten in the north to about 13 as our maximum. western scotland, though, could see 14 in that sunshine and away from the wind. as we head on through the evening and overnight, we still will have some rain in the forecast, also some showers but also some clearer skies. in sheltered glens in scotland, the west of northern ireland as well, for example, temperatures could well dip low enough for a touch of frost. these temperatures you can see in the charts tell you what you can expect in towns and cities. so we start tomorrow with this rain across scotland, the borders and a few showers here and there but for most of us, it's actually going to be a dry day. now we've got a keen north—easterly wind, that will take the edge off the temperatures but will blow in a bit more cloud across eastern areas and also some of those showers will be blowing in through the midlands, getting in the direction of wales, possibly one or two into the south—west. highs, 10—15 degrees. high pressure still very much with us on thursday, so things fairly quiet, fairly settled.

the strongest winds will be once again in the east, particularly the south—eastern quarter. so, once again, that will take the edge off the temperatures and at times blow in a bit more cloud. temperatures 10—13, maybe 14 at best but don't forget, feeling cooler along north sea coastal counties. then for friday and into the weekend, high—pressure still is with us. at times, there will be quite a bit of cloud around and some of the thicker cloud could produce the odd spot of drizzle but chilly by day and by night.

this is bbc news. hello, i'm victoria derbyshire. here are the latest bbc headlines. hours after borisjohnson announced new coronavirus measures in england, it's revealed that scientists that advise ministers called for a short lockdown weeks ago. we did take action, but these are balanced judgments and we also had to balance that against the effect on the economy, people's jobs and livelihoods, on education, which we have made a priority. with rising hospital admissions in england, labour warns that the new restrictions may not be enough. i'm concerned that they didn't go far enough and when you look at hospital admissions, for example, across greater manchester, the north east, you can see that this virus is out of control. there are more and more people going into critical care. with news just coming in that covid deaths are doubling every