this is bbc news, the headlines: president trump's nominee to the us supreme court evades questions from senators, refusing to discuss laws on abortion or gay marriage. the democrats vice presidential candidate kamala harris is among senators questioning the judge on day two of her confirmation hearings. president trump is trying to shore up support at an airport rally in pennsylvania, it is his second campaign outing since his covid—19 diagnosis. it's an important state for mr trump as he took pennsylvania by less tha n trump as he took pennsylvania by less than one percentage point. many other countries are imposing more extreme measures to fight the second wave of the coronavirus pandemic. police are patrolling madrid as a state of emergency is declared.

the bletchley park wartime code breaking centre in milton keynes has been given a £1 million funding boost on facebook stopping the social media giant has said that it's donation is a recognition of the sites legacy as the birthplace of modern computing. the best of written‘s brains work to secretly decrypting communications stopping other isa communications stopping other is a new fight, to keep this story alive during the pandemic. for the museum suffering financially because of coronavirus, help has come in the form of social media giant facebook who has donated £1 million. 9596 of our income comes from visitors, so that has left a £2 million hole and oui’ has left a £2 million hole and our budget. we are looking forward to how we're going to survive through the winter into next year. bletchley park is

widely regarded as the birthplace of modern computing. the work done here by mathematician alan turing and his team of codebreakers is said to have shortened the war by two years and saved cou ntless by two years and saved countless lives. we've just been so impressed on how it's kept now and with this extra funding that's going to be available, what they can do to make it even better will be amazing. the facebook money, combined with almost half £1 million from the government offered some relief for bletchley park, but the trust knows the pandemic and financial pressures at brings are farfrom over. now on bbc news, five years ago, more than a million people crossed into europe. the migrants who came to europe in 2015, including here to sicily, were hoping to find shelter from war and terror or new opportunities

for a better life. but their journey was often difficult and dangerous. thousands died attempting to reach europe's shores. and while some countries opened their arms, others put up fences and closed their borders. italy was one of the main destinations, and migration deepened divisions here, leading to the far right entering government. this tiny island of lampedusa is still struggling with migrant arrivals five years on. the joy of getting a chance at life. her name, francesca miracle after her birth on an italian rescue boat in 2015 as her motherfled libya. suffering seizures and in intensive care, they almost didn't make it. the bbc met them back then. now settled in sicily, we've come back. so francesca, sono mark. si. come stai? bene.

was everything you went through worth it? yes, it was worth it, because most of the people they are dreaming to be in my shoes, that you have you have got outside the country. so i think you are blessed. you're lucky. so i think i should, should be happy for that. they were among the million migrants who made it to europe at the height of the migration crisis of 2015, changing its society and politics. thousands more drowned en route, nameless in the graveyard of the mediterranean. five years on, they're still coming. the camp in lampedusa to the south of sicily, crowded and guarded. so far, arrivals this year are a third of what they were in 2015. and yet this camp is already way past capacity. and then for a coronavirus into the explosive mix,

pushing migrants to flee suffering economies, creating quarantine concerns and reawa kening the old migration tensions in italian society. in squalid conditions, migrants here say they know of several cases inside. there's pressure to clear the camp and reduce the burden on this gateway to europe. hamza tells me he wants to work to send money back to his wife and daughter in tunisia. translation: we took the risk of dying at sea. now we're at risk of dying from coronavirus here. we left the misery of our country. but if i had known what misery there will be here, i will have stayed in tunisia. even life there is better than this. in mainland sicily, too, they're expecting arrivals. this new camp is being built in a disused air base to quarantine them. that's stoking opposition from the far right, which became italy's most popular party and briefly entered government due to migration.

translation: the european union has left italy to handle the migration issue alone. and at the same time, italy's leaving its regions like sicily on their own. there's a danger to public order and now also a health risk. aren't you fanning the flames of racism by speaking of an invasion?, i ask. no. translation: i would use the same language if we were being invaded by the english or the french. if tomorrow a thousand french landed in sicily's coast, i would also speak of an invasion. some migrants are settling here. this centre teaching italian, as they're woven into the fabric of modern italy. a story about security, integration, identity is far from over. hundreds of thousands of migrants made the long trek up from the mediterranean via the balkans and eventually landed in hungary. but police there sealed off the main railway station

to stop them from travelling further into europe, to places like austria and germany. nick thorpe reports now from hungary on how the migration crisis changed that country. reporting from this border through the summer of 2015, i once asked a photographer what he was planning to shoot that day. "just biblical scenes," he replied. "biblical scenes." the exodus that year was astonishing to witness. and of the million or more people who sought refuge in europe some 400,000 crossed hungary, and a good proportion of them entered hungary from serbia down this disused railway track. it all looks very familiar, today, only the crowds are missing. then hungary built a fence to stop them. this man first suggested it. laszlo, a local mayor. it was my idea. i'm very happy. when the government built this this borderfence

because we need these border fence, not only in the 2015. and not only today, but we need this border fence in the future. few migrants attempt to cross the fence today. those who do still reach western europe have found other routes. the government sees the fence as an unqualified success. the southern ramparts of fortress europe. we don't like other people coming here, especially different religions who we know are not going to abide the rules and they are not going to follow the european way of life because their culture is different. it's not a matter of racism or anti—racism. it's a matter of common sense. back in 2015, the station in budapest was another bottleneck as tens of thousands of migrants tried to transit hungary towards northern europe. last year, though, only 500 people were allowed to seek protection here in hungary. a handful of human rights

groups defend the right to asylum despite bitter government hostility. it's very clear that whatever the hungarian government has done in the field of asylum since september 2015 is unlawful. it's become more difficult to stand up for refugees in europe, particularly here in hungary. but it's still crucial that we do so. iranian artist abouzar soltani and his 12—year—old son face deportation when they lost their asylum bid. but the helsinki committee took their case to the top european court and won. their new asylum request will be heard this week. translation: i was in a prison. but then i understood that was just politics. i realized people in hungary have big hearts and want to help us to be free. that they love refugees. i love hungary and would

like to live here. soon they hope to leave this open refugee camp and start a new life here. asylum seekers like them who get the support they need still get through. five years ago, the german chancellor, angela merkel, in effect, opened germany's doors to hundreds of thousands of people seeking asylum in europe. jenny hill was at munich railway station as germans welcomed the new arrivals. she's been back to bavaria to meet some of the people involved in the moment that changed the country and still divides opinion today. "we can do this," said angela merkel. it's five years since germany opened its doors and its arms to tens of thousands of people. many more would follow, hoping for the same warm welcome. i was proud of germany because germany didn't hesitate to help the refugees. carmen, who speaks arabic, was among the many volunteers who came to munich

station to help. when we look back and today, the situation today, all the doomsday scenarios didn't become true. we could not have closed our doors. and it brought change to every part of germany. in abensberg, a conservative bavarian town, they had to accommodate and integrate around 200 refugees was there. translation: i still think it was a bit much for someone to sit in berlin and say we could manage knowing full well it was up to each and every local mayor to have to manage. if other eu countries had shared this burden, we wouldn't have had this level of political attention. if i could turn back time, i would ask much more of europe. instead, anger, fear on german streets, fuelled by high profile migrant crime — the sexual assault of women in cologne, or the terror attack on a berlin christmas market. as angela merkel battled

a backlash, the far right flourished. it's now an established part of german politics. but during that time, mohamed, who arrived in 2015, built a new life in abensberg. he learned german, got a job, had a family. translation: it's like my home. everything is good. we have residency like normal people. we have work. it's a good country. we have good neighbours. i like it a lot. but the story is not over. not for those still trying to come to europe and not for those we met in this specially built refugee home on the edge of abensburg. javid tells us he was 16 when he arrived in germany. he's 21 now and still awaiting permission to stay here. i don't want to leave, he tells us in german. my future is here. what we witnessed here

in 2015 was extraordinary. the euphoria, the drama, the anger have now faded, but you can still feel the consequences of that moment. it changed politics, it changed society. and many of the people who arrived here back then have begun to put down roots. they, too, will shape this country's future. almost 900,000 migrants arrived in greece in 2015. today, the open—armed welcome and sympathy from many greeks has evaporated. the government is determined not to allow the country to become a gateway to europe again and is actively deterring new arrivals. although numbers remain well below the exceptional levels seen in 2015, the flow of people from turkey into greece by land, and then through the balkans into western europe, has picked up again. lyse doucet reports from northern greece. the first rays of day, the first stirrings beneath the burnt—out carriages in this rail yard in northern greece. and then they're off.

these young men are mostly from afghanistan, waiting tojump on a train, jump at a chance to move further north into europe, a chance they hope, at a better life. we don't know which one is go, but all are ready for going. but so, too, are the police. police comes, we run. a game of cat and mouse at this stop. this morning, the police win, they often do. 17—year—old sadr is from pakistan. how many times have you tried tojump on a train? we are six times. seven times. each and every time, every one of them try to hang on them because the problem of here, police and immigration. that's why the people leave this area. their next destination, greece's border with north macedonia. five years ago, thousands took this route through a tiny border village, a gateway to western europe through the

balkans. look at these fields now. this border is shut. but migrants are now showing up again in smaller but growing numbers. these men were just pushed back by border guards in north macedonia, and we came across an afghan family waiting in the sunflowers, trying for a sixth time to sneak through. we try to go because the greece government said, go from greece. so what do we do? we cannot go back to afghanistan. this is our problem. so we try to go to... another country. the welcome has gone cold in this little village. in southern greece, on scenic islands like samos, the mood is much the same.

in southern greece, on scenic islands like samos, the mood is much the same. a camp built five years ago to house hundreds of migrants now sprawls across the hills. thousands living in squalor, losing hope asylum cases will never be settled. we weren't allowed to enter the camp. residents filmed for us. dumar shows us their food, bread gone mouldy. he fled syria with his family. there are far fewer arrivals on greek shores now. look at how close turkey is. it's in touching distance of greece and they share a land border, too.

so earlier this year, when tensions rose between turkey and europe, turkey sent more migrants towards greece. it could do it again. but right now, it's greece's actions which are also causing concern. these videos appear to show migrants being pulled by the greek coast guard out of greek waters, back towards turkey in breach of international law. we obtained this material from groups monitoring traffic in the aegean sea. and the un says it's also documented multiple cases. with that we are sending a signal that greece has borders, the european union has borders and illegal crossings are not being tolerated. but we do so in compliance with international law. life for migrants gets tougher under greece's conservative government. they insist greece won't be a gateway to europe again. it knows much of europe

thinks the same. in 2015, sweden was one of the most welcoming countries to migrants, its asylum policies have since become significantly stricter. five years ago, the bbc followed a young syrian woman, nour ammar as she made her perilous journey north. maddy savage reports from sweden now on how nour‘s life has changed. coffee with mum, a simple pleasure nour ammar doesn't take for granted. they were separated as she travelled alone across nine countries to make it here. her father died in the war in syria. now she's learned swedish, got her driving licence and a job in a food warehouse. i have my apartment. i have my family. i have myjob. so i feel like i'm a stable, confident person right now. and what about making friends, settling in? they are like a closed group, the swedish people. so you can'tjust go in and be friends with someone, sewdish people.

you can't do that. do you have any swedish friends? no, i don't have any. she'd hoped for deeper connections, but still feels lucky to be here. that's because sweden, one of the most welcoming countries to migrants, changed its approach soon after she arrived, limiting numbers and making temporary permits the norm. for a center—left government it was a major shift in policy. of course, it was a tough decision to make. but on the other hand, there was nothing else to do. there arrived 114,000 people to sweden. injust four months. and it would have been impossible for sweden to keep on that pace. so we had to be very clear, well, if you're going to apply for asylum in europe, you have to choose other countries. crime is also a big issue here in sweden. in cities, suburbs like this one, where almost everyone has an immigrant background, there have been high profile shootings in recent years, and that's led increasing

numbers of swedes to vote for anti—immigration parties, even though police say most of the crimes are carried out by gangs and people who've grown up here, not new arrivals. and lots of locals say they do feel safe even if they've lost friends in the violence, like this 16—year—old. normal people don't have to be scared about that. if you are not involved in a gang, you don't have to be scared for nothing. but if you are involved then you better run. how easy is it to.. to be successful, if you come from a place like this to to have a career, education? you only have two ways — either you play football or you do music. you don't have any other ways out. there is a strong push to improve life, with a new police station and projects to help more people into work here and other segregated neighborhoods. it's a big challenge to enter

the job market in sweden if you don't have a network and also to progress up, bring them in the market. we facilitate meetings with just ordinary swedes, but we match them on that. they have the background in the same sector. and since the immigration wave five years ago, we have facilitated for over 58,000 people to meet this way with a great impact, 24% get a job or an apprenticeship through our programme. while some new swedes are making their way, even in neighborhoods that were already troubled, no one disputes that the decision to take in so many has brought challenges that is shaping this country's future. five years since the 2015 migrant crisis, hundreds of people are still drowning in the mediterranean, according to the international organisation for migration, despite a crackdown on smuggling. many west africans are now making the perilous journey via the atlantic to the canary islands instead.

some have been shipwrecked and died. others have returned home voluntarily or forcibly. lalla sy reports from senegal. the senegalese coast is a starting point for many migrants who aspire to reach europe or the canary islands in order to offer their families better living conditions. like many young senegalese migrants, tidiane camara wanted to reach europe via libya. he left the region in southern senegal in travelled to niger before entering libya, where he started working in construction. he was 2a years old. translation: one day, they came into the house at 8:00 pm. there were three of them and they started banging on the door. before i opened it, i asked if they were arabs or blacks because i didn't have any libyan friends. when they answered that they were arabs, i wanted to run away. so they started shooting with guns and i got one in the leg. at first tidiane couldn't get medical treatment because he didn't have

a passport, so his wound became infected and his leg had to be amputated. after spending a month in hospital, it was impossible for him to find work or to stay in libya. so he asked to be repatriated. the senegalese who choose illegal immigration sometimes begin their dangerous journey from villages such as this, where we are in the locality of koli kunda, 80 kilometres from the senegalese capital, dakar. but many lose their lives along the way. and with more than 5,000 deaths in 2017 in africa, migration is now one of the major causes of mortality, according to the international organisation for migration. for those who returned voluntarily or forcibly, iom is working with the senegalese government to involve local authorities in the reintegration process. translation: as we get to the coordination, the coherence and the vision of a migration policy, not much has been done in our country and we have a lot of progress to make. we need a more convincing

language towards the youth, resources and operational programmes that will attract their interest and generate profit for them. among these initiatives is the community radio 0xygen. it is based in bekim, the second most populated city in senegal. the poverty rate there is close to 30% and the income per capita per day is less than $2. every wednesday, codou loume hosts a programme that addresses communities on topics related to immigration. we talk to these young men and women and to their parents, especially mothers who can spend and borrow a lot of money or sell their assets for the departure of their sons so that they can provide for their needs and put them in better condition. since settling in kokli kunda, some 80 kilometres from dakar, tidiane camara has been managing the only food shop in his neighbourhood.

in his quest for survival, he has lost a leg but has regained dignity in his work. so many of the migrants who came here to europe in 2015 in huge numbers took enormous risks and embarked on dangerous journeys to escape conflict and find a better life. but the sudden influx of people sparked a crisis, both humanitarian and political as europe struggled to respond and the impact of this mass migration is still being felt today. hello. some sunshine on the way for the majority of us today, albeit with some showers coming in from the east, as the day pans out. there will be quite a chilly breeze as well, again, coming in from the north—east and that is what will drive the showers a little bit further westwards

through the course of the day. but overall, what we're looking at in terms of our weather pattern for the next few days is high pressure coming to dominate. though it will become increasingly quieter through the end of the week and into the weekend. first thing wednesday, a little bit more in the way of persistent rain and some stubborn cloud across southern scotland. it should get brighter here for the afternoon. but you can see the showers here, pushing into eastern england on the north—easterly breeze, even through the morning, and then they will get driven afar away westwards come the afternoon. that north—easterly breeze a notable feature to the weather. this is the sustained wind speed — gusts could reach up to 30mph at times in some more exposed spots. best of the shelter in the west will give us the best of the temperatures — 15 or 16 degrees. in the east, 13 or 1a just about covers it. we tend to see those showers clearing though as we head overnight wednesday into the small hours of thursday. could be a few still lingering across east anglia and the south—east of england. some more general cloud speeding towards the north of scotland. 0vernight lows, 6—8 degrees. perhaps a little bit closer

to freezing towards the far north of scotland. and then for thursday daytime, we're talking about an essentially dry day, as that high pressure establishes itself. i can't promise you though wall—to—wall sunshine. it looks like we will pull in quite a bit of cloud from the north sea, into some eastern and eventually central areas. temperatures, 12—13 degrees. stuck under the thicker cloud, it will feel chillier though with the effect of the breeze. and towards the end of the week, some of the nights will start to get colder. that could leave us with some chilly starts and some stubborn fog by day. so, our temperatures widely on friday, 11—12 degrees, but in a few spots, if we do get lingering fog, they could struggle at the low—end single figures. and then that ridge of high pressure is going to stay with us all the way through the weekend. so, a very similar story for saturday and sunday to that of thursday and friday. it will take until the beginning of next week, i think, for us to see something a little bit wetter and more windy moving its way in from the atlantic. so, a lot of fine weather to come for the weekend, some on the chilly side for the time of year, and some rather stubborn cloud.

another country. a very warm welcome to bbc news, my name is mike embley with the latest headlines for view within the uk and around the world. president trump's nominee to the us supreme court evades questions from senators including kamala harris, discussed laws on abortion, healthcare or a marriage copy we re healthcare or a marriage copy were you aware of president trump's statements committing to nominatejudges who trump's statements committing to nominate judges who will strike down the affordable care act? as i am sitting here, i don't recall seeing those statements. the president tries to shore up support in pennsylvania, his second campaign rally since his covid-19 campaign rally since his covid—19 diagnosis. europe is