welcome to bbc news — i'm lewis vaughan jones. our top stories: donald trump and joe biden embark on a final dash around this is bbc news, the headlines: crucial swing states, donald trump and joe biden appealing to voters ahead of tuesday's election. are making a dash around battleground states — in the last days of campaigning the british government warns the new lockdown in england before tuesday's presidential election. joe biden, the democratic might last longer than a month if infection rates candidate, has a solid national lead in the polls, but this continue to rise. advantage is narrower in key states which could rescue work continues in the turkish city of izmir, but hopes of finding more decide the result. survivors of the earthquake are fading. the british government has warned the new lockdown security forces in belarus in england might last longer clash with demonstrators than a month if infection rates in the twelfth sunday of continue to rise. protests since the discredited strict measures come into force election of president on thursday when pubs, lukashenko. restaurants, gyms, non—essential shops, and places of worship will close — but schools, colleges and universities can stay open. and why children in china's mongolian region are being kept rescue work is continuing out of school by their parents. in collapsed buildings in the western turkish city of izmir following we have a special report on the an earthquake on friday.

protests in the reduction of the use of the goalie in 69 people are known to have died, and more than 200 are being treated in hospital. language. —— mongolian. hello and welcome to the program. starting in the united states. donald trump and joe biden are appealing to voters in crucial battleground states, as the us presidential campaign enters its closing stages. but there's also a real fear of violence in washington, from supporters of whoever loses. president trump has promised to deliver the "greatest american comeback in history" after the coronavirus pandemic. joe biden urged african american voters to end a presidency he said, that had "fanned the flames of hate". our north america editor jon sopel is in the capital. the nation's capital is preparing itself for tuesday. maybe that should be bracing itself because wherever i look, shops and businesses are all boarded up. the fear of violence is serious, whoever loses this election.

meanwhile, on the road, the candidates are out seeking to get every last vote. the ponderous marathon that is a us election campaign is now a sprint. hello, michigan! hello, iowa! hello, pennsylvania! hello, garrard county! multiple stops, a whirl of swing states, and the person running fastest is donald trump, with polls suggesting he's lagging behind — not that you'd know it from his confident, bullish demeanour. he's so angry. you know why he's angry? because he's losing, that's why he's angry. no, he's very agitated. i don't think he knows he's losing — i don't think he knows anything, actually! joe biden has also upped his pace and is now being helped in these closing stages by the former president barack obama. tweeting at the tv doesn't fix things! making stuff up doesn't make people's lives better! you've got to have a plan! you've got to do the work! even off—stage, redefining political long shot. 0h!

no—drama obama, still able to command attention. that's what i do! and america's third president and founding father of this nation would surely look down with delight at the millions who've already voted, suggesting that turnout is going to be way up in 2020. wherever you go, there are long lines of people, but there's also a mood of deep apprehension. you can tell the tension. i mean, i think the world can even feel the tension in the us. it's like a pressure cooker everybody‘s feeling. to me, it's kind of like voting for, uh, lesser of two evils. i think it's very important that people, you know, come out and vote — but especially for this year. it'sjust almost like crisis is going on. this is the great celebration of any democracy — the moment when we, the people, decide whether our rulers get another term in office or get turfed out. it is empowering. but there is a fear stalking america, a deep unease

about what might come next in this bitterly contested presidential election. and how is the nation's capital preparing for this celebration of democracy? well, everywhere you go, you see teams of workmen boarding up shops and offices. something similar happens in the deep south during hurricane season, with acts of god. but on tuesday, america seems to be bracing itself for a very different type of storm, and one that's entirely man—made. and in that election, it looks like turnout is going to be way higher than four years ago. and just a word about the polls — we have had the final polls in the key swing states, which are fascinating. they showjoe biden ahead in all of the key places, but not by such a margin that he can take anything for granted. and donald trump is not so far behind that he would think all is lost. tuesday is going

to be a nail—biter. a little earlier i spoke to paul mitchell who's vice president of political data inc, a bipartisan voter data firm based in california. i asked him to explain the different methods some us states use in counting votes. where i live in california, the biggest state, we have 22 million voters and over i! million voters and over i! million ballots have already been cast. on tuesday night, the minutes the polls closed, those counties can report the results of those early voters who have been swinging predominantly democratic based on who is turning in their ballot. we will see this big democratic wave right after eight p.m.. in other states, most importantly, key states of pennsylvania, wisconsin and michigan, their state laws prohibit them from counting those early votes until after the polls closed. they can't even verify signatures or open those ballots until after the

polls close. so the first pallets they are going to counter going to be those pole voters, predominantly republican, and they might not get to opening those other ballots until very late into the night or the next day. so you are right, the mechanics of literally how they count their ballots could shape perceptions of how they count the selection. a slightly fascinating. so for some people, that will add confusion but others may interpret better suspicion and i suppose that is pa rt suspicion and i suppose that is part of the danger. i think one of the real things we have seen in the us election this year is a lot of misinformation, conspiracy theories, both on the right and left. all this does really corrode the confidence americans have in the election system and having an election where we might results sway dramatically from favouring republicans to democrats based on how they are counted, could really add to that suspicion and fear about the security of our system. 0k, well, let's have a look at the

early votes then. mail in ballots a nd early votes then. mail in ballots and things like that. what kind of data have you collected an amount so far? so, we are able to see that a lot of these early votes were heavily democratic. in the us, what happens is the ballots get returns to county registrars and the counties will then actually tell the campaigns which voters cast ballots so that campaigns don't need to bother and harass and text and mail those voters. as a result, we know exactly who has returned ballots and we can analyse it and it is skewed very democratic in the early boat. as we have seen closer to election day, we have seen more in person voting is skewing a little bit more republican but at the same time, a lot of younger voters and people of colour are voting later. our thanks to paul mitchell there. let's just take a quick look at how the polls are shaping up. two days ahead of the general election donald trump has yet to narrow the gap on his democratic challenger.

joe biden holds a nine—point lead against mr trump nationwide — although as ever it should be remembered winning the popular vote does not neccessarily make you win the presidency. here in the uk, england is due to head into another lockdown on thursday with questions being asked about how long it could last. at the moment the scheduled end date is december the second. the cabinet minister, michael gove, said ministers will be guided by the facts. he said the government wanted to get the coronavirus reproduction number, below the critical level of one. the main opposition labour party said the government should have listened to its plan for a two—week lockdown last month. this report from our political correspondent, jonathan blake, contains flash photography. a round of golf while it's still allowed. here in hertfordshire, only the minimum restrictions are currently in place but, like the rest of england, people are now preparing

for a new national lockdown. i think it's frustrating here because the cases aren't that bad and we have all been, you know, following the rules that we were given. so while people may not agree with it, we've got to stick with it. so it's a bit frustrating, yes, but rules are rules. the lockdown is due to last until december 2 but a senior government minister said that was a hope, not a guarantee, and left open the option of restrictions staying in place for longer. if we ensure that all the steps that we're taking now are taken appropriately, we'll have an opportunity in advance of december 2 to review the progress that we're making. and in advance of december 2, we can then communicate to those areas where some restrictions may be required what they will be, and also other areas where we've managed to beat back the virus, we can explain where liberties can be restored. labour say they'll support the plan, but their leader is adamant it should have happened sooner. if what they announced yesterday had been announced when i said it should have been, two or three weeks ago, we could have had the lockdown

and schools shut because of the natural break of half term. and you know, people will be waking up this morning and thinking "how on earth did it get to this?" the government has to keep its side of the bargain here because if they don't use this time to fix test, trace and isolate, then i think december 2 will be a review date, not an end date. with labour's support, the national lockdown is likely to pass a vote in parliament later this week, but some conservatives are dead against it. the senior tory backbencher sir graham brady has told the bbc this repetitive cycle of lockdowns is immensely damaging to people's livelihoods and causing a huge toll. he and others are unlikely to be able to stop the government's plans, but they are speaking out in the strongest terms. there is concern, too, about where the lockdown leads. one scientist advising the government said a return to regional restrictions is unrealistic. what mustn't happen is whenever that date comes, december 2 or a little bit later, that suddenly the world goes back to normal. it's not going to go back to normal immediately. i think it will be at least

what is currently called tier 3 or tier 3+ across the country. i don't think it makes sense to go back into regional variation in the restrictions that are in place immediately after this set of more draconian measures are lifted. in scotland, a new five—tier system of regional restrictions comes into force tomorrow. and slightly looser restrictions are in place across northern ireland. police said up to 700 people attended this illegal rave near bristol last night, openly breaking the rules already in place. but this week will bring new limitations for everyone in england, as the government's last resort becomes a reality. jonathan blake, bbc news. stay with us on bbc news, still to come: why children in china's mongolian region are being kept out of schools by their parents — we have a special report on the protests over the reduction in the use of the mongolian language.

the israeli prime minister, yitzhak rabin, the architect of the middle east peace process, has been assassinated. a 27—year—old jewish man has been arrested, and an extremist jewish organisation has claimed responsibility for the killing. at polling booths throughout the country, they voted on a historic day for australia. as the results came in, it was clear — the monarchy would survive. of the american hostages, there was no sign. they are being held somewhere inside the compound and student leaders have threatened that should the americans attempt to rescue, they will all die. this mission has surpassed all expectations. voyager one is now the most distant man—made object anywhere in the universe, and itjust seems to keep on going. tonight, we prove once more that the true strength of our nation comes not from the might of our arms or the scale of our wealth, but the enduring power of our ideals.

this is bbc world news, the latest headlines: donald trump and joe biden are making a dash around battleground states in the last days of campaigning before tuesday's presidential election. the british government warns the new lockdown in england might last longer than a month if infection rates continue to rise. rescue teams are continuing to search for around a hundred people missing since friday's earthquake which struckjust off turkey's aegean coast causing widespread damage in the city of izmir. at least 69 people were killed and thousands have been made homeless. in izmir, survivors have been pulled out of the rubble of collapsed buildings, including a 70—year—old. our international correspondent orla guerin reports from the scene. they have been praying

here for miracle rescues. overnight, they got one — a 70—year—old man called ahmet citim who had been buried for 33 hours, carried out alive. he was reclaimed from this — the wreckage of an eight—storey apartment block, now all but erased from the landscape. a local official told us residents were worried and asked for an inspection over a year ago. it concluded the building wouldn't survive an earthquake. well, the search is continuing here, hour after hour. the rubble is several storeys high, and standing here, seeing all of this crushed concrete, it's hard to imagine that anyone else could be brought out alive. but the teams are still searching by hand, with heavy equipment, and with dogs.

and nearby, relatives are keeping an anguished vigil. many haven't left the site since the moment of the earthquake at 2:51pm on friday afternoon. erdil taner is one of them — waiting for news of his beloved sister. she worked in a dental office on the ground floor of the building. my sister's university friend and other friend, every time call me, every time calling me, writing, on instagram, on the phone, every time, writing, calling me, every people call me. we arejust waiting. i have a hope, i need to pray. every people need to pray because we have a chance. nearby we met raheema. she hasn't lost any loved ones but isn't sure she can bear to stay in the neighbourhood. "now, opposite me, there

will be a building that isn't there," she said, "and people who aren't there." tonight, rescue teams are still grappling with the rubble and turkey is suffering a collective after—shock. across this ea rthquake—prone country many now asking, could we be next? orla guerin, bbc news, izmir. let's get some of the day's other news world health organisation director—general tedros ghebreyesus said on sunday he'd been identified as a contact of someone who tested positive for covid—i9, but added that he was feeling well and didn't have any symptoms. he tweeted that in line with who protocol he would self—quarantine over the coming days. at least 10 people are reported to have died, as the strongest typhoon so far this year, pounded the philippines — that's according to the country's disaster agency. typhoon goni made landfall before dawn on sunday ripping

off roofs, toppling power lines and causing flooding in the hardest—hit areas where hundreds of thousands have fled their homes. hundreds of former members of the colombian rebel group, the farc, have rallied in the capital bogota to demand more government protection. more than 200 and 30 former rebels have been killed since they laid down their arms in a historic peace deal four years ago. 50 of the deaths occured this year. belarus's security forces have been using flash grenades and firing warning shots to disperse some of the latest mass demonstrations in minsk. they've also tried to prevent protesters gathering at a site on the outskirts of the capital linked to stalinist repression. many thousands continue to demonstrate against the country's long—term leader, alexander lu kashenka. mark lobel reports. for a twelfth week, many thousands making their voices heard in minsk, calling for an end to president

lukashenko's rule as he threatens to leave protesters without hands, sharpening rhetoric angered too by a nationwide strike. he promised, he ordered his army and security forces to be more brutal, and actually since the election day, more than 16,000 people have been arrested. if they stop, authorities will react more harshly. they would detain more people because now the protesters are successfully scaring the authorities. riot police failed to prevent protesters from reaching the outside of minsk where a wooden memorial stands remembering victims executed a century ago by the soviet secret police. protesters defiant. continuing to call the shots. the regime is making more and more mistakes.

the belarus winter is very hard, it is very difficult to sustain the number of protesters, but i think the form of protest will change. people will resist economically and we can expect some sabotage, or boycotting state enterprises. people will not pay taxes. over 200 people were reportedly detained this sunday, 84 days after the disputed election result result that president lukashenko claims is valid. the opposition‘s will seemingly undiminished, some say getting stronger. in recent years the chinese government has faced damning criticism over its handling of ethnic minorities like the uighurs and tibetans. now the communist party has decided to reduce mongolian language teaching, prompting rare protests in china's northern border region. our china correspondent stephen mcdonell travelled to the inner mongolian grasslands for this special

report. singing. china's mongolians have been protesting, keeping their children out of the speciality schools serving this ethnic minority. but the government has reduced the use of their native language for teaching in favour of mandarin. as with other ethnic groups government beijing is accused of watering down culture as a form of assimilation. officials say this has all been exaggerated. so we travelled to the province of inner mongolia to gauge the situation. ethnic mongolians now make up less than 20% of the population — only half speak their own language. people here traditionally were nomadic herdsmen. but following modernisation and various government programmes, that's all gone.

this is a proud culture, and it's bound up in language. however, some here now think that language is being taken away from them. but up the road, the authorities are waiting for us. it's an ever more familiar pattern forforeign reporters in china — we are now tailed everywhere we go by men in plain clothes. we passed schools with propaganda banners out front, telling students to use only mandarin language. we'd like to speak to the neighbours around the school about this. but now that were being followed, we can't do that because, of course, we go and start knocking on the doors? well, see, the people in this white car here who have been following us? well, they'll go and start asking questions, and we just be getting

them into trouble. phone rings. i speak to a government official, requesting an interview. but when i start asking about the protests... 0h. dial tone. 0h. funny how the line cut out there, isn't it? all the while, our friends are watching and listening. other reporters trying to cover the story have been ordered out of the province. just as we're about to leave, we're told a school tour has now been organised for us. unlike many schools in the province, here they say the vast majority of students and teachers are ethnic mongolians, including the principal. cameras filmed our visit apparently for local television. the principal says cultural education, like writing in mongolian, is important. but in china, mandarin proficiency is the key to prosperity.

she thinks some parents have been confused by the changes. translation: they thought all classes would change and use mandarin. but it's not that. it's only three. and yet not everyone is convinced by this reassurance. their goal is very clear — to completely remove the mongolian language from the education system, period. mongolians consider this as a cultural genocide. parents and teachers have been urged to get children back into class, with financial inducements and threats of punishment. these students are caught up in a fight for the future of their mother tongue. but it's also about control, and the question of what it means to be a citizen in this country if you're not han chinese. stephen mcdonell, inner mongolia. england world cup winner,

and manchester united legend sir bobby charlton — has been diagnosed with dementia. sir bobby spent 17 years at old trafford, winning three league titles. his wife norma said she hopes the diagnosis could help others. he's the fifth member of the 1966 world cup—winning side to be diagnosed with dementia. while we can't link his diagnosis to his football career, the question of whether heading footballs can damage the brain has been debated for years. dr dan daneshvar, is from the harvard medical school and has studied this issue. when we're talking about a mentor it is most imported make sure we have a good idea of what we are talking about. dementia is something that is a disease in the brain that is significant enough to impair your ability to take care of yourself, problems of memory, problems with thinking and when we look at the reasons for dementia, the most common cause is alzheimer's disease, and the best known risk factor is age, so the rate of alzheimer's

disease is only a couple of present in your mid— 60s but with every five years of age it doubles, so when we're talking about folks who are aged 85 and older, up to a third are estimated have alzheimer's disease, so the age is a major risk factor but one of the things we are studying is how sport is related to dementia as well. and how is sport related? what we're finding is there are increased associations between athletics at an elite level and dementia, so for example, a study came out from some colleagues of ours where we looked at this scottish former soccer players, and they found that there was a very significant relationship between dying of dementia and playing professional soccer, to the tune of about three times higher risk of dying with dementia in these former professional soccer players.

that's it from me, i will be backin that's it from me, i will be back ina that's it from me, i will be back in a moment with the rest of the headlines. this is bbc news. hello. there's some drier, colder weather to come in the week ahead. but before then, still some rain in the forecast courtesy of this frontal system continuing on itsjourney south and eastwards through the early hours of monday morning. ahead of this, still some very mild air — so temperatures not much lower than 15—16 celsius across south east england, and the cloud and rain will clear from here through the morning. behind that, we will all see some spells of sunshine, but also plenty of showers — these most frequent across southern scotland into northern ireland, northern england, north wales, and may well merge to give a longer spell of rain. nowhere is immune from a heavy, blustery shower. the winds are quite strong across the southern half of the uk, still exceeding 50 mph across southern and western coasts, a little bit lighter than they have been further north.

but it will be a cooler—feeling day, 9—11; celsius after that mild start across the east anglia and south east england, the temperatures falling away through the day. we keep outbreaks of rain going as we go through the night, tending to become more showery the further north you are full some persistent rain moving into parts of southern england. elsewhere, some clear skies, leading to a colder night than recently — 4—7 celsius the overnight low. so through tuesday and into wednesday, it is still a messy picture with the rain to clear way from south east england, still some showers around. but what is noticeable is that colder air starting to spread across the uk and, by the time we get to wednesday morning, it's the return of overnight frost. let's take a closer look at tuesday. still that rain to clear away from east anglia and southeast england, could be heavy for a time. elsewhere, it's a day of sunshine and showers, and those showers most frequent the further north and west you are — some could well escape with a mainly dry day. wind is still quite brisk at first, particularly for western coasts, but they will be tending to ease as the day wears on. so where you've got the sunshine on and out

of the wind, even though temperatures won't get much higher than 9—11 celsius, should feel pleasant enough in the sunshine. now as you go through tuesday night and into wednesday, this is where we start to see this area of high pressure building and from the southwest. notice how the isobars become more spaced apart. the winds will fall lighter, most will have clear skies, and we will wake up on wednesday morning for some sunshine but also a frost, and potentially some mist and fog, as well, that will become more prevalent as we go through thursday and friday. so generally for the week ahead, once we've got tuesday out of the way, wednesday through friday for most are looking dry with some sunshine. but it will be feeling much colder, both by day and by night. 00:28:33,909 --> 4294966103:13:29,430 goodbye.