this is bbc news with the latest headlines for viewers in the uk and around the world. the uk prime minister is self—isolating after meeting an mp who's tested positive for coronavirus. borisjohnson says he has no symptoms, but says "the rules are the rules" it actually doesn't matter that i've had the disease and am bursting with antibodies. we've got to interrupt the spread of the disease. it doesn't change the amount of work the prime minister will be able to do, driving forward the agenda at all. a major new vaccine trial gets underway in the uk — it uses a genetically modified common cold virus to train the immune system. the uk government is hoping

to double the country's daily coronavirus testing capacity, by opening two new "megalabs". a crucial week for brexit trade negotiations with eu leaders hope to sign off on a deal on thursday. and if you want to get in touch on any of today's stories, please do — you can tweet me @rebeccajonesbbc or with #bbcyourquestions. the head of the international olympic committee says he's confident the postponed tokyo games will go ahead in front of spectators next year. three, two, one, zero. ignition. and coming up....taxi for space? the new era for extraterrestial travel as the space x capsule heads into orbit

hello and welcome if you're watching in the uk or around the world — and stay with us for the latest news and analysis from here and across the globe. iam i am rebecca jones. the prime minister is to carry on working from downing street after being told to self isolate by the nhs test and trace system. borisjohnson says he was "pinged" — as he put it — because of a meeting he had last week with conservative mp lee anderson who's since tested positive for covid—19. mrjohnson said in a video message that he "felt great" and was "bursting with anti—bodies" after having the virus earlier this year. but the order to stay at home for another ten days has come at a crucial time for the prime minister, as he tries to move on from the sudden departure of two of his closest advisers

and enters an important week on brexit negotiations. this was borisjohnson‘s announcement on twitter. the good news is that nhs test and trace is working ever more efficiently. the bad news is that they pinged me and i've got to self—isolate because somebody i was in contact with a few days ago has developed covid and it doesn't matter that we were all doing social distancing, it doesn't matter that i am fit as a butcher's dog, feel great, as so many people do in my circumstances, and actually it doesn't matter that i have had the disease and i am bursting with antibodies, we have got to interrupt the spread of the disease and one of the ways we can do that now is by self isolating for 14 days when you get contacted by nhs test and trace. let's talk to our political correspondent helen catt who's in westminster.

he sounds pretty chirpy, doesn't he come how frustrating do you think this will be for him? very frustrating, largely because of the timing. we saw last week, not only was there this meeting with the conservative mps and it turns out, a few conservative mps who turns out over the last hour or so are self isolating. over the doors of downing street there was a significant amount of disruption ending with the departure of two borisjohnson ‘s was senior advisers, lee cain and dominic cummings. this week was supposed to be a reset moment for the prime minister, get out there and re—establish his agenda and his leadership. i think it will be frustrating for him that he will be having to isolate, stay behind the closed doors of downing street. we know for example some of the things he is due to do this week was meet with northern mps, northern research group, as they are known, to listen

to their ideas, buying into the idea of the levelling up agenda he talks about so much. he was supposed to get a ten point plan for a green industrial revolution, supposed to be cheering key covid meetings. a lot that was due to be happening this week with the prime minister front and centre. he has said in his video he will be working from downing street, doing these things using zoom and other forms of electronic communications as he puts it and the health secretary today said it wasn't going to stop him from working on these things. well, it doesn't change the amount of work the prime minister will be able to do driving forward the agenda at all. the wonders of video conferencing mean that you can be incredibly effective even when self isolating if you are in the sort ofjob where you can do that, where you can communicate. in fact, i would say probably the majority of my meetings with the prime minister are over video conference, of course, i see him as well, and you can be really effective that

way. matt hancock, the health secretary there. number ten is supposed to be secure workplace, people will wonder how this happened.” secure workplace, people will wonder how this happened. i think those are the questions that will be asked, number ten says it is covid secure, they observe all the rules of social distancing, to try and make sure it isa distancing, to try and make sure it is a covid safe environment but you cannot eliminate every single bit of risk so that is what downing street says. i think this is going to be so frustrating for the prime minister because as you heard matt hancock say, he can work effectively over zoom meetings and things like that to ta ke zoom meetings and things like that to take meetings but what he cannot do is get out there, be really front and centre, heading up the new policies, he cannot be out in the country doing things. we will see a lot of his other cabinet ministers this morning, rishi sunak out and

about, matt hancock leading the downing street press conference this afternoon, it is that that is going to because the issue for the prime minister over the next couple of weeks. helen, thank you. as helen said, is the prime minister are self isolating, it will be matt hancock the health secretary hosting the briefing today from downing street. viewers in the uk can't watch that live at 5pm this afternoon, here on bbc. -- live at 5pm this afternoon, here on bbc. —— can watch. the chancellor rishi sunak is in east london today launching the government's bidding process to allow local communities to become freeports. freeports are areas where normal tax and tariffs rules do not apply. they allow goods to be important, manufactured and re—exported without being subject to checks and import taxes. —— to be imported. speaking to the media this morning — he was also asked about the pm having to self—isolate. i think the government like all other businesses and organisations over

the past few months, has been able to do things differently. we are doing meetings online, the prime minister already this morning, you have seen the video, we are getting on with people's priorities, talking about the green agenda later this week. our fight against coronavirus. and also today, part of the plan forjobs, we are announcing the launch of the prospectus for areas to become free ports so there's lots of us to be getting on with and that's what we are doing. you will be charging people to use the roads, how does that help in areas without public transport? speculation people might see, i would not comment on future fiscal policy but this week the prime minister will publish our plan, actually, for the green revolution, as he likes to describe it, with an exciting set of opportunities to create jobs and drive growth across the uk as we transition to net zero. you are here today to talk about freeports and trying to boost growth around the country, we are in a critical stage of talks with the eu which will be critical to future growth.

are you encouraging the prime minister to bend on some issues to secure a future trade deal? exciting news today, we are launching the bidding prospectus for free ports to allow local communities to apply to become a free port and now we have left the eu we have the opportunity to do things differently. freeports are a great example of that, areas with enhanced tax incentives, other support and easier customs processes mean you can attract investment, create jobs, and drive growth and it's a perfect example of our levelling up in practice. human trials of another coronavirus vaccine begin aross the uk this week. pharmaceutical company janssen is looking to recruit 6,000 volunteers. it comes a week after a vaccine produced by pfizer was said to prevent 90% of people getting covid—i9. our medical editor fergus walsh reports. we already have one potentially successful coronavirus vaccine, a jab developed by pfizer and biontech appears to be 90% effective at preventing the disease.

but it's not yet been approved and several vaccines will be needed if global demand is to be met. that's why vaccine trials are so important. 25,000 people are already taking part in vaccine studies in the uk but many more are needed. we don't know which vaccines are going to be right for which populations, which age groups, and which vaccines to give together. there's over 300,000 people signed up on the nhs registry, who might want to take part in vaccine trials and the people in the areas and regions around the vaccine centres, people in these locations will receive e—mails this week inviting them to look at the information about the study, to fill in a prequalifying questionnaire if they wish to know more and then 6,000 people between those 17 sites will be invited to come and take part. for the janssen study, volunteers will receive two doses, two months apart. half of those on the trial

will get a dummy jab. the 6,000 volunteers in the uk will be among 30,000 internationally. it could be six to nine months before we get results. the uk government has advance orders for six covid vaccines, including 30 million doses of the janssen jab. the nhs has been told to be ready to start immunisation from next month, should regulators improve any vaccines for general use. peter openshaw is professor of experimental medicine at imperial college london — a member of the uk vaccine network and covid—i9 clinical information network, which feeds into sage. we are very grateful that you have been able to join us. thank you. we are hearing about the development of the pfizer vaccine last week, another vaccine trial this week. how optimistic should we be about

whether they are going to work? i'm really quite excited about this. i think it's not only that we've had some really good news from some of the existing vaccines but i'm pretty confident that some of the newer vaccines are going to work as well. and i think we are going to discover over the forthcoming days, hours, weeks, just how many of the vaccines that we've already put down a marker on for the that we've already put down a marker on forthe uk, that we've already put down a marker on for the uk, may be effective and maybe some of those are going to be useful around the globe, notjust in places where we can provide cold storage. one thing that slightly confuses me and perhaps you will be able to help with this, we know janssen vaccine for a shorthand way of describing it, starting trials now, is different from the pfizer vaccine so how can two different vaccines both work? there's quite a

few different ways of inducing a good antibody response and we are assuming a good antibody response is the best predictor of whether the vaccine is actually going to be effective in clinical trials. i think we do need a diversity in the landscape of vaccines so that we can use different vaccines perhaps in different populations, may be in different populations, may be in different risk groups. i think it's really good that there is at diversity here and we are not going to be overreliant on particular vaccine so i think that's all to the good we have that diverse pipeline. realistically, when do you think most of the general population will be able to be vaccinated by, dare i say it, life might get back to normal? i think we are in for a difficult winter, i think we must not think because they're such good news about vaccines that we can all just go out and start relaxing. it's

so just go out and start relaxing. it's so important, i think, with this goal in sight, being able to people by, i think, goal in sight, being able to people by, ithink, there goal in sight, being able to people by, i think, there will be some vaccine probably this side of christmas but certainly not enough to vaccinate the whole of the population until we are well into next summer. i do think as the spring progresses, it is very likely that the outbreak will come under greater control, just because of the change in season so i think, you know, this is going to be a bad winter but i think it will be our last covid winter. we should be well vaccinated by the next time this comes around. i wanted to ask you about take—up comes around. i wanted to ask you about ta ke—up because comes around. i wanted to ask you about take—up because my understanding is that normally, vaccines take years to develop as their medium and longer term side—effects are monitored. are you concerned in any way or do you share any of the fears that some people do seem to have that this is all being rushed through? i can completely

understand people's hesitations about this but the evidence is very, very clear that the major side effects that you see with vaccines are the immediate ones, sore arms, it may be feeling a little bit under the weather for a day or two, that mostly is what you would expect, it means the vaccine is working. the key evidence we are waiting for is whether they actually protect against infection and we need to be absolutely sure that there aren't any delayed consequences of having the vaccine. i think, ifeel, personally, very reassured by the safety profile we are beginning to see. we obviously cannot be absolutely sure what is going to happen ina absolutely sure what is going to happen in a few years time but i have every confidence that these vaccines will be safe, the absolute priority in developing them has been safety, despite the great speed at which everyone has been working. just a final question. you mentioned you think we have a difficult winter in front of us. we know the prime

ministers now self isolating after coming into contact with somebody who tested positive for covid—i9 and jed, borisjohnson who tested positive for covid—i9 and jed, boris johnson has who tested positive for covid—i9 and jed, borisjohnson has already had the virus. from a scientific point of view, are the rules which is telling him to self—isolate, sensible? are they the right rules? i think at the moment we are being cautious. with ordinary common cold coronaviruses, the immunity that you get is only short lived but of course, those viruses are very well adapted to manipulating the human immune system and this being a relative newcomer, we are hoping that it won't be capable of modulating the immune response quite so modulating the immune response quite so effectively. at the moment, i think the evidence is building that you are probably quite resistant for about three months but it may well be more so we just need to watch the science and the evidence but at the

moment we are being cautious about allowing people to be re—exposed after they have been infected. i think that evidence is developing. professor, thank you so much for joining us here on bbc news. pleasure. the government is hoping to double the uk's daily coronavirus testing capacity by opening two new laboratories. known as "megalabs", the facilities are set to open early next year in scotland and leamington spa. they'll be able to process up to 600,000 tests per day. the latest data shows current capacity is 520,000 — although the number actually processed each day is lower. the headlines on bbc news... the uk prime minister is self—isolating after meeting an mp who's tested positive for coronavirus. borisjohnson says he has no symptoms, but says

"the rules are the rules" a major new vaccine trial gets underway in the uk — it uses a genetically modified common cold virus to train the immune system. the uk government is hoping to double the country's daily coronavirus testing capacity, by opening two new "megalabs". the head of the international olympic committee thomas bach says he is now very confident the tokyo olympics will go ahead next year on schedule and with spectators watching. mr bach was speaking after meeting with japanese prime minister yoshihide suga in tokyo. mr bach is on his first visit to the city since the olympics were postponed earlier this year because of the covid i9 pandemic. despite his optimism the mood of the japanese public remains sceptical, especially about the prospect ofjapan opening its borders to hundreds of thousands of olympic tourists.

we are living in a dark tunnel and the olympic games, nextjuly, and the paralympic games, next august, they can be the light at the end of this tunnel and we have good reasons to say this. but we have to understand that people who are feeling uncertain about their lives tomorrow, about their lives in one month from now, when they do not know which restrictions they may have to accept and what it will mean for them, that they also may feel some uncertainty about an event taking place in nine months from now. four astronauts are heading towards the international space station this morning, after a successful rocket launch from cape canaveral in florida.

it's nasa's first fully—fledged mission using a privately—owned craft. the spacex capsule will act as a taxi service in the coming years. our science correspondent victoria gill has more. three, two, one, zero. ignition. a spectacular show, and a space exploration milestone. and resilience rises. not even gravity contains humanity when we explore as one for all. the launch of this spacex dragon capsule with its four crew marks a new era, one in which the us space agency buys seats for its astronauts on privately—owned spacecraft. the space shuttle, retired almost a decade ago, was the last craft that was certified to fly nasa astronauts from american soil, but now the agency will work in partnership with spacex, taking crew to and from the international space station. that's inside crew dragon right now.

our crew—i crew now coasting in low earth orbits... sunday's launch is the culmination of years of design and testing, but the demonstration flight back in may was the test that the world was watching, as spacex successfully transported two astronauts to the space station and brought them home safely. the four people on this first fully operational flight, nasa astronauts michael hopkins, victor glover and shannon walker, and the japanese space agency astronaut soichi noguchi, will bring the number of crew on the international space station to seven. nasa says this will triple the amount of microgravity research that can be done. there are over 250 experiments that take place on the international space station at any one time, and they are in all sorts of different areas. a lot of the research done is involved in medicines, and in helping to understand how the human body works. it's a truly international endeavour, and countries coming

together is what we need in human exploration. this group will spend about six months in space, looking back on earth as the crisis of the pandemic continues to unfold. and in a nod to a mission accomplished during this most turbulent of years, they've called their ship resilience. victoria gill, bbc news. well, we can speak now about this operation to martin barstow, who's professor of space science at the university of leicester. welcome to the programme, professor. how significant is this mission in terms of a commercial venture, working with the us space agency? it's a really important mission, it marks a change in the way nasa do business, we've heard in the clip, the test flight was carried out earlier in the year but this is the first proper mission with crewe, the

crew travelling to the space station, they are on their weight now, they will stay there for several months before they actually come back down to earth and carry out all those experiments that we we re out all those experiments that we were just hearing about. tell us more about those experiments, 250 of them, what will they be? they cover such a diverse range of interests, there are many things you cannot do on earth which you can do in space for low gravity conditions so if you are developing certain kinds of drugs, if you are trying to build, excuse me, build large molecules, or large crystals, low gravity conditions make that much easier, you can make much more progress so there are lots of potential benefits from those. and i write, presumably, some of these experiments might also help us understand space better? well, certainly being in space

allows you to understand the impact of space on the human body, it allows you to understand the environment and as astronauts push further out into the solar system, spend longer periods in space, it's important to understand what the consequences of that might be. this is the first time, isn't it, there will be seven astronauts on the international space station? i did wonder how big it is and whether it might bea wonder how big it is and whether it might be a bit cramped?” wonder how big it is and whether it might be a bit cramped? i don't think they will find it too cramped. it isa think they will find it too cramped. it is a limited amount of space. it is like living in several 3—person tentsjoined is like living in several 3—person tents joined together but there is enough space for seven people, co mforta bly. enough space for seven people, comfortably. the astronauts get used to working in those conditions. and there are living quarters but there are also laboratories, other experimental areas where they can spread out during their day and when

they are carrying out their work. professor, we started by talking about the shift from international space station, now working with a commercial venture. why has that happened and is this really the shape of things to come? it is definitely the shape of things to come and the reason it has happened is that we need to change the way we do space. space, for a long time, was very much focused on pushing the boundaries, developing the technology, but if we want to make space more accessible and we want to get more of the societal and economic benefits from space, we need to move those activities out into a more commercial area so nasa spent the last ten or 15 years working with companies like spacex to tra nsfer working with companies like spacex to transfer the infrastructure onto a more commercial footing and so, nasa has benefited from elon musk investing in his company and developing his falcon launch

vehicles and the dragon capsule and they are paying for those services but they can then invest their money in the really cutting edge stuff around the return to the moon, the development of the lunar gateway and pushing further out into the solar system so that it benefits all round. what we don't really realise is how much the space economic benefits us in everyday life and we are completely dependent on it now and we need to make it more cost—effective. and we need to make it more cost-effective. what do you mean by that, what is the space economy? the space economy, the things that benefit all of us, you and i, for example satellite navigation services that you have in your car, on your phone, provided by a fleet of spacecraft. we observe the earth all the time, everything that we really understand about climate change comes from space data. we can ona change comes from space data. we can on a true pollution from space. understand how it develops and then work to change the way we control

our traffic, for example. we can't look at agriculture from space, we can monitor moisture in fields. and we can improve the way we do so many things that benefits everybody. martin burstow from the university of leicester, thank you. it is a pleasure. the uk and the european union resume trade talks in brussels today — after failing to close gaps between their positions on two of the thorniest issues under negotiation, competition rules and fishing. our brussels correspondent nick bea ke explained what stage the talks are at. the uk's chief negotiator lord frost has been tweeting, saying that some progress has been made in recent days and now the two sides are making pretty good progress when it comes to writing down the text of a free trade agreement, which will run into hundreds of pages, but he did say there is still a big problem. in his words that is because the eu is not recognising that the uk

will be a sovereign nation. he says that he will only sign up to a deal if it respects the fact that the uk will be taking back control of its laws, of its waters and its trade, and he says they may not reach a deal on that. of course, if you talk to people here in brussels, eu diplomats, they will say that actually it is the uk that finally needs to compromise more, needs to reach out and give ground so that an agreement can be reached. they wanted some sort of deal to be in place before this thursday because there is going to be a video conference of the eu leaders, the 27 eu leaders. they were hoping to have a look at something. it looks like, would you believe it, that yet another brexit deadline will have come and passed, but time is running out now because they need to get something in place before the end of the year. and what happens if they don't? quite simply, the uk and the eu will trade on world trade organisation terms.

basically, that means there will be an end to zero tariffs and zero quotas. in other words, there will be taxes on goods moving between the uk and the eu, also there could be limits on the amount of stuff that moves between the two sides. the net impact of that would be that it is more expensive for businesses and of course more expensive for consumers, for all of us — that is why both sides insist that they do want a deal, but finding one, as we know, is going to be very difficult. they are still stuck on the idea of how much eu boats can fish in british waters in the future and also the extent to which the uk signs up to eu rules and regulations in the future, competition rules on things like environmental standards and things for employers, the amount of hours that people work, there is still a big disagreement there. nick, domestic political turmoil this week at number 10. we have seen the departure of two

of the biggest architects of brexit from the prime minister's top team. what is your sense of what impact, if any, that might have on the talks? well, downing street are stressing that it won't have any impact on it because borisjohnson is the most resolute within the room, within his cabinet, whenever they talk about brexit, he will not agree to a bad deal under any circumstances. the eu aren't quite sure whether this will have a big impact. i mean, interestingly, i told you what david frost, the eu's chief negotiator had tweeted, he used that phrase, didn't he? it is imperative that the uk "takes back control". who, of course, is said to have come up with that phrase? dominic cummings. so the man may have gone from downing street but certainly his terminology, his language remains and we will have to see whether the uk keeps this very tough position. there is some speculation within the cabinet there are key ministers who want to see this deal achieved. both sides, remember, say they do want a deal and i think

what we need to stress is there will be big changes to the way business is done, irrespective of an agreement being reached. but time is ticking now, i know we have heard that time and again, it is only seven weeks until the end of the year. and it is notjust agreeing a deal, they have got to get it put into legal terms, it needs to be translated into 23 different languages from the eu side, it needs to be ratified in the british parliament, it also needs to be ratified by the european parliament. and if unexpectedly extra stuff comes into it, you have also got the prospect, which people haven't really talked about to a great extent so far, that of the european parliaments may have to look at this. so really not much time at all. both sides agree that this week is really, really critical. as the united states registers a record 11 million coronavirus cases, the country's leading infectious diseases expert, anthony fauci, has said it would be

better for public health if the transition of power from president trump to president—electjoe biden began immediately. so far, president trump has refused to concede the election, and the biden team have not been given access to the federal agencies and funding usually granted to incoming administrations. our north america correspondent david willis reports. winter has brought with it a new surge in coronavirus cases here, and one consequence of that grim milestone of 11 million cases is the record level of hospitalisations. the us is adding 1 million new coronavirus cases a week. joe biden, seen here attending church on sunday, says tackling the virus will be his top priority. president trump's refusal to concede is blocking the biden team's access to

vital information from the department of health and human services. joe biden will become president in the midst of an ongoing crisis, that has to be a seamless transition. we have the possibility of a vaccine starting perhaps in december, january. people are making plans to implement that expert, our experts need to talk to them as soon as possible. thousands gathered in washington, dc at the weekend in support of donald trump's claim the election was rigged. so far, no evidence to that effect has emerged that the president is saying what he calls" big court cases" will be filed soon. ina big court cases" will be filed soon. in a tweet at the weekend, he appeared to acknowledge for the first time that his democratic rival had actually won the election. only to backtrack one hour later and again vow he is not conceding. but some in the party believe that time

has come. right now the tram campaign is doing the legal equivalent of panicking. where is the evidence? i think as every day goes by it is clearer there isn't any evidence. america's top infectious disease expert says officials are eager to begin reaping the biden team and it would be in the interest of public health if the transition began as as soon as possible. that doesn't seem likely, however, given the president's refusal to accept he lost this election. david willis, bbc news, los angeles. as we've been hearing, a major trial of a vaccine to protect against coronavirus is launching in the uk. the vaccine — the third to start trials here in the uk — is being developed by the belgian company janssen. earlier, the chief investigator for the trial, professor saul faust, explained to me how the vaccine works. the janssen vaccine for the trials

starting today is a modified human cold virus that has been deactivated so it cannot cause colds or replicate in the human body, but it shows the spike protein to the immune system, and that is the same bits of the spike protein almost that the pfizer vaccine or the oxford astrazeneca vaccine and all the other vaccines that are being made also show to the human immune system. so, it's really exciting, the pfizer result, from last week because, even if there is still a long way to go with that vaccine development, it is the first time we've actually seen for certain that a vaccine against the spike protein will stop coronavirus, so, it's really important that we have a range of vaccines in our armoury. the pfizer vaccine has given us all hope and the janssen study starts today, as you said. it starts today but when do you anticipate you might have

some sense of how it is working and going and getting results? so, janssen have already done a very large study in the united states of one dose of this vaccine and the interim results from phase one and two studies show that it does appear to generate a good immune response and this two—dose study which is starting in the uk, but also globally in america and other european countries, is to see whether the second dose can give a better and more prolonged immune response, if you like, whether the memory to the vaccine lasts longer. so, this study will take a few months to fully recruit butjust like the pfizer vaccine in america and the oxford astrazeneca vaccine trial in the uk, and elsewhere in the world, we are expecting the results around six to eight months after starting the study. one of the key aspects of course

is how well a vaccine will protect the elderly and the most vulnerable. so, i did wonder who is involved in your trial and how old are some of them? we don't know how any of the vaccines are going to work with people of different ages. this study involves people of all ages above the age of 18 years old, so, we are hoping that about 30% across all of the countries taking part in the study, about 30%, are aiming to be above 60 years old and about 20% under a0 years old, so, this study is allowing people with a range of medical conditions to take part. at the beginning of the study, the first 1,000 patients or so is healthy people with only moderate associated conditions but as we move later into this month, people with all sorts of medical conditions will also be able to take part. just a final thought about take—up because you will be aware

there are some people who are nervous, they are worried that these vaccines are being pushed through quickly and how much do we know about the medium and long—term side effects? what do you say to those people? the technology that's been used for the janssen vaccine and the oxford astrazeneca vaccine is not new technology and, in fact, apart from the pfizer vaccines and rna vaccine, that is new, we have not had rna vaccines licensed before, but all the other vaccines are based on normal vaccine technology that has licensed vaccines for other diseases, so, an ebola virus vaccine that's based on the same principles that janssen had developed, that has got a licence. so, we know at lot about vaccines and the side effects from other infections. and ultimately, that is why we are doing these trials, it's really important people take part in the studies so we can get the exact efficacy, that means whether they work,

and safety data for the individual vaccines and, of course, some people might also say, if there is a vaccine, why should i take part in clinical trials? and the answer to that is it is going to be some time before everybody in the uk and globally receives a licensed vaccine on the nhs. we are hoping to start immunising, as you know, in december and into the new year but really, the most vulnerable people will be receiving the vaccine first and there is plenty of time for people to take part in the studies up until then. and if and when individual age groups are called for a vaccine, there will be a plan as to how people on the trials are not disadvantaged by having taken part in that study. south australian authorities say the state is facing a dangerous situation after reporting 18 coronavirus cases in its first outbreak since april. the state has closed schools and shops and ramped up contact tracing.

australia is widely seen to have handled the virus successfully through strict travel restrictions and an aggressive testing and tracing regime. the country had seen cases drop to near zero after overcoming a second wave in the state of victoria. as our correspondent in australia, shymaa khalil, explained, the move has come as a shock to some. we know this is south australia's first cluster and biggest cluster really for this state. we have seen next to no community transmission cases in south australia. when we did see them, it was last april, months and months ago. this is of a great deal of concern. 18 new cases in the last 2a hours. we know of those 18 cases, five are from overseas, 13 are in one family who came into contact with a hotel

quarantined worker who spread the virus to those 13 people. we also know two positive cases were infectious when they worked at an aged care facility, and one works in a prison as well. we have heard the authorities from south australia reintroduce covid—19 restrictions. for example, gyms are closed, cafes, restaurants are limited to 100 people. they want to go there early, go there quickly, and make sure they are in control of these cases because, inevitably, a comparison will be made with melbourne which was the epicentre of the virus in australia's second wave. it is really interesting as well, on the same day south australia has announced this, melbourne, the centre of the second wave a few weeks ago, has announced 17 consecutive days with zero covid—19 cases. a study suggests time spent playing video games can be good for you.

researchers at oxford university found that connecting with other people in online games that don't feature graphic violence could contribute to players' wellbeing. professor andrew przybylski — the director of research at the oxford internet institute who led the study — said he was surprised by the results. hejoins me now. how surprised were you? we were actually very surprised. there is 20 yea rs of research actually very surprised. there is 20 years of research suggesting when you asked players how much do you play, how they feel? those factors are negatively correlated. so, we thought when we looked at objective data from gaming companies and combine that with how players said they felt, we were expecting a negative or no result. the positive was truly surprising. tell me about the data you got from the gaming companies.

that was important. think of it like a puzzle. we collected one half of the information by asking players about their lives, their experiences, well—being. the gaming companies collected information about how much time, what players we re about how much time, what players were up to when they play. the paper puts those pieces of information together and analyses it in a way that i as a researcher or they as a uk -- that i as a researcher or they as a uk —— gaming company can't control the outcome. what was the collision between happiness and how much time they spent on these video games? the correlation was positive and it was small. you would have to spend a lot of time, assuming it was because of which it is not, a lot of time playing video games to feel significantly better in your day—to—day life. spending three or four hours a day for you to feel any different. that is not to say it

goes the other way, that happy people happen to have more time to play these games. tell me more about animal crossing. mike that game be a reason why people are feeling happier? we pick the games on the basis of a social component, they had to be modern games. it is hard to get data otherwise. it is possible these games are not representative. if we wa nt games are not representative. if we want a more controversial game we would, we might find something difficult —— different. we have learned industry can let go of its data a little and i am excited to see if we can ask some of those more controversial questions. you said industry can be persuaded to let go of data, how difficult was it? it was a year of my life! it was a lot of negotiation in terms of

research, the legal framework, protecting individual information. from experience we have learned something like the uk biobank where people volunteer to share data and have identities protected is the best way forward, to do big data research on some of the hardest questions about games and help. tell us about the way forward, what else are you hoping to establish? we need to field an empirical picture of what is going on when people play over time. you don't just play games like this, you are playing half a dozen games in a given week or month and we need to build a picture into how games fit into people's lives. and understand how that happens over time. if the effects are small in terms of

positive or negative, we need to know whether these effects can accumulate over time. do you play these games? yes. i have to young children which means sometimes i play against my own will! the really important thing isa own will! the really important thing is a parent —— as a parent is to grow up —— is to have an open mind. i have never been happier in my life playing some of these games! it is a nostalgia trip, honestly, and it is actually fun. with all things in parenthood it is important to keep the lines of communication open. good to talk to you, thank you. the headlines on bbc news. the uk prime minister is self—isolating after meeting an mp who's tested

positive for coronavirus. borisjohnson says he has no symptoms, but says "the rules are the rules". a major new vaccine trial gets under way in the uk — it uses a genetically modified common cold virus to train the immune system. the uk government is hoping to double the country's daily coronavirus testing capacity, by opening two new "megalabs". asia's largest remaining rainforests, in papua province in indonesia are being cleared to make way for palm oil plantations. a product found in food, cosmetics and cleaning products. a korean palm oil giant called korindo — is one of the biggest companies in the remote region. a bbc investigation has heard claims that the company was involved in unfairland deals, and that fires were deliberately set on the land. something korindo strongly denies. our asia editor rebecca henschke reports.

the forests of papua, indonesia, sacred and essential to the tribes who have lived here for centuries. but six years ago, this man says he worked with a korean palm oil company persuading tribes to accept compensation for their forests. translation: according to my faith i have sinned. i deceived ten tribes. the company said, thank you, petros, for looking after us so well. but in my heart i knew i had done wrong. the company korindo cleared nearly 20,000 hectares of forest and the government granted concessions. an area the size of seoul. they insist they paid fair compensation and followed the law. denying that fires were set on their land. but this visual investigation by the uk—based group

forensic architecture tests this claim. this footage taken by greenpeace international from a plane in 2013 shows stacks of timber burning. using clues in the image, researchers located it inside a korindo concession. they then went back to 2011 to reveal the pattern the forest was cleared in. the blue shows thick vegetation, red, cleared earth. they then looked at hotspot data, intense heat sources picked up by nasa satellites over the same period of time. the patterns, the direction and speed with which fires were set, matched perfectly with the direction, the pattern and the speed with which land clearing had occurred in this concession site. that is evidence the fires

were set intentionally. korindo insist all land clearing was carried out with heavy machinery. in a statement, they said there were many natural fires in the region due to extreme dryness. they claimed the fires in their concessions were started by villagers to hunt giant wild rats hiding under stacks of wood. but villagers who live near the concession told the bbc a different story. translation: the burning happened for years, as they cleared the forest, they collected leftover wood, put it in high piles, and then poured petrol on them, and burned it. the forest replaced with rows of oil palm trees. korindo say they are creating jobs and economic development here. but the indigenous elders are grieving what is lost.

translation: i walked translation: iwalked past translation: i walked past the plantation crying, and asked myself, where are our ancestors's spritz now, now that our forest is gone. and it happened under my watch. rebecca henschke, bbc news. these are the images that have marked a long eight months

of isolation and separation for so many, but this morning, a very small number of care homes will finally open their doors, with regular testing for relatives. we're going to have 675 swabs, which is a very high number of swabs. i'm up for it. you're raring to go? i am ready to go, yes. here's our lovely bunch. wave, everybody! this is meadway in winchester. the best home north of the south pole. and one of the luckiest, because it's one of only 20 homes taking part in this pilot, and residents likejohn are excited. i've got so many friends, and i can't, at the moment, really care from them, apart from on the telephone. yeah. i've got two lovely daughters as well. you're going to be able to have visits with your daughters, and you're going to be able to give them a hug and hold their hand for the first time in eight months. hugs? i'm not sure. am i going to be able to hug them? that's what i've been longing to do since christmas. yeah. 0h, it'll be marvellous.

it's made possible through the use of lateral flow tests, the kind of tests being used in liverpool's mass screening right now. up to two relatives or friends can have regular tests to facilitate the kind of visit that hasn't been possible since early march. do you remember that visit? i do, yes. i had afternoon tea with my friend in my room. it was lovely. how much have you missed that? oh, yes, indeed. there's nothing like the one—to—one contact. yes, the hug gives you something, doesn't it, the hug? yes. yes, i miss that dreadfully, but we just can't wait. just can't wait. this was the first time simon saw his 98—year—old mum marjorie after lockdown mk i. that was just a hoot. i mean, she wasjust in such great form. you look very well, i'm very happy.

since then, visits have been restricted to video conference calls, or at a distance in the garden. today, that all changes. i think the advantage of monday, if it all comes off, is it opens up all possibilities. when i see mum, i can talk with her, i can hug her, i can hold her. it'sjust going to be great. but all of this will have to be in full ppe. masks and gloves are still essential, and will still be a barrier to communication. it's very hard for these new tests to perform very well. they're very simple technologies. they're not going to be able to detect virus like the pcr test does. they give you a very immediate assessment of whether you have a lot of virus right now, but it doesn't mean you're going to be clear of the virus and safe. and that is exactly why the ppe and the masks are still essential, even with that negative result?

absolutely, at the moment, yes. it is baby steps, because nobody wants the virus to go into care homes again. nobody does. and i think we've got to think about people's fears and anxieties, because people will still fear people starting to come back into the homes, you know. for those homes not included, the wait has been unbearable. for those lucky few, it is the first tentative step towards the normality they have been longing for. the slight worry about holding hands is she always likes to do an arm wrestle as well, to show how strong she is show me how strong her grip is, so that's the one thing i'm slightly worried about. there's going to be tears. oh, i think there'll be lots of tears. there will be a huge amount of tears. but they'll be good tears, and not the sad tears that we've had a lot of.

you're watching bbc news. now it's time for a look at the weather with carol kirkwood. hello again. for much of this week, it's going to be unseasonably mild, except for thursday when it is going to turn much colder, there will be a significant wind chill, but it will be short—lived because on friday we see a return to milder conditions. today, though, dry and brighter weather is coming our way compared to the weekend but there is more rain in the forecast and that is courtesy of an area of low pressure with its fronts coming in from the south—west through the course of the afternoon. one look at this chart with all those isobars tells you it is going to be a blustery day, the strongest winds will be across the north of scotland, here we could have gusts of 50mph. so we still have some spots of rain here and there but equally some sunshine coming through this

morning's cloud but the cloud will continue to build from the west ahead of this band of rain arriving through the course of the afternoon. temperatures ranging from nine to highs of 13. through this evening and overnight, it will be a cold start in the north—east of scotland but as the cloud and rain push steadily northwards and eastwards, you will find the temperatures here will go up. still a blustery night in prospect, murky particularly in the western hills and a temperature range nine to 13 or 1a celsius. these temperatures would be good by day at this time of year, in fact, there is not a huge amount of difference by night and day for some. into tuesday, we still have our first weather front with the second one coming in hot on its heels, still an array of isobars so still it is going to be a blustery day. the wind coming in from the south—west is also going to be mild. if you are in the shelter of the hills in north—east wales, east of the pennines, north—east scotland, you could hit 17 celsius. this rain will be heavy and persistent up to about 75 millimetres could fall

through the course of 2a hours, twice that on the hills. temperatures generally around 15 celsius. as we head into wednesday, this weather front starts to sink southwards and, as it does so, it allows cooler air to follow in behind. high pressure settles things down temporarily on thursday but it is on thursday that it will be cold. you can see the milder air on wednesday but colder airfollowing in. thursday cold with a significant wind chill, also some wintriness on some of the hills but by the time we get to the weekend, things will be brighter. the rain crosses us all on wednesday and then something brighter with some sunshine comes our on thursday.

this is bbc news. iamjoanna i am joanna gosling. the headlines at 11.00: the uk prime minister is self—isolating after meeting an mp who's tested positive for coronavirus. borisjohnson says he has no symptoms, but says "the rules are the rules" it actually doesn't matter that i've had the disease and am bursting with antibodies. we've got to interrupt the spread of the disease. it doesn't change the amount of work the prime minister will be able to do, driving forward the agenda, at all. a major new vaccine trial gets under way in the uk — it uses a genetically modified common cold virus to train the immune system. the uk government is hoping to double the country's daily coronavirus testing capacity, by opening two new "megalabs".

a crucial week for brexit trade negotiations, with eu leaders hoping to sign off on a deal on thursday. three, two... one... zero. ignition! and coming up. . . .taxi for space? the new era for extraterrestial travel as the space x capsule heads into orbit. good morning. the chancellor, rishi sunak, has said that the government is continuing with "business as usual", despite the prime minister being told to self—isolate by the nhs test and trace system. borisjohnson says he was "pinged", as he put it, because of a meeting he had last week with conservative mp

lee anderson, who's since tested positive for covid—19. another tory mp, lia nici, who was also at the meeting, is now self—isolating. mrjohnson said in a video message that he "felt great" and was "bursting with anti—bodies" after having the virus earlier this year. but the order to stay at home for another ten days has come at a crucial time for the prime minister, as he tries to move on from the sudden departure of two of his closest advisers and enters an important week on brexit negotiations. this was borisjohnson's announcement on twitter. the good news is that nhs test and trace is working ever more efficiently stop the bad news is that they pinged me and i've got to efficiently. the bad news is that they pinged me and i've got to self—isolate because somebody i was in contact with a few days ago has developed covid and it doesn't matter that we were all doing social distancing, it doesn't matter that i am fit as a butcher's dog, feel great, as so many people do in my circumstances, and actually it doesn't matter that

i have had the disease and i am bursting with antibodies, we have got to interrupt the spread of the disease and one of the ways we can do that now is by self—isolating for 1h days when you get contacted by nhs test and trace. let's talk to our political correspondent, helen catt, who's in westminster. not the start of the week that they wanted, helen, obviously? no, not at all, after that we'd meeting last week between the prime minister and it seems a few conservative mps who have now come out and said they are also having to self—isolate. it is not ideal timing for the prime minister because of what else was going on in downing street last week. we know that behind the door of number ten, there was an awful lot of disruption and upheaval and we know that resulted in two of his most senior advisers are leaving the government at the end of last week. so what number ten wanted this week was a sort of research moment for the prime minister, to get him out

there really showing his priorities —— like his own research moment for the prime minister, really showing his priorities and they had a lot planned for the coming week, he was going to meet a group of conservative mps who represent northern constituencies and today he is set to chair a number of coded billie cobra meetings and the green industrial revolution meetings. borisjohnson has said he is still going to be doing that sort of work, using things like zoom, which of course we have all got pretty used to using, electronic communications. matt hancock, the health secretary, said it wasn't going to put the bra kes said it wasn't going to put the brakes on that. well, it doesn't change the amount of work the prime minister will be able to do driving forward the agenda at all. the wonders of video conferencing mean that you can be incredibly effective even when self—isolating if you are in the sort ofjob where you can do that, where you can communicate. in fact, i would say probably the majority of my meetings with the prime minister are over

video conference, of course, i see him as well, and you can be really effective that way. so you can be really effective, matt hancock says, in meetings, but of course what it means is what they can't do is get the prime minister out there really fronting up these policies and perhaps a way that we might have seen, so it looks like we will see other cabinet ministers this morning, for example, rishi sunak has been out and then it will be matt hancock who will lead a downing street press conference. this is a big couple of weeks. quite apart from the ongoing dealing with coronavirus approaching going through lockdown, there is also we are moving into the very last days of those brexit negotiations, so a really big couple of weeks that the prime ministers going to be stuck indoors for. thank you, helen, well, as she mentioned, the chancellor rishi sunak is out and about today. the chancellor, rishi sunak, is in east london today launching

the government's bidding process to allow local communities to become freeports. freeports are areas where normal tax and tariffs rules do not apply. they allow goods to be imported, manufactured and re—exported without being subject to checks and import taxes. speaking this morning, he was also asked about the prime minister having to self—isolate. i think the government, like all other businesses and organisations over the past few months, has been learning to do things differently. we are doing meetings online, the prime minister already this morning, you have seen the video, we are getting on with delivering people's priorities, talking about the green agenda later this week. our fight against coronavirus. and also today, part of the plan forjobs, we are announcing the launch of the prospectus for areas to become freeports so there's lots for us to be getting on with and that's what we are doing. you will be charging people to use the roads, how does that help in areas without public transport? speculation people might see, i would not comment on future fiscal policy, but this week the prime minister will publish our plan, actually, for our green revolution, as he likes to describe

it, with an exciting set of opportunities to create jobs and drive growth across the uk as we transition to net zero. you are here today to talk about freeports and trying to boost growth around the country, we are in a critical stage of talks with the eu which will be critical to future growth. are you encouraging the prime minister to bend on some issues to secure a future trade deal? exciting news today, we are launching the bidding prospectus for freeports to allow local communities to apply to become a freeport and now we have left the eu we have the opportunity to do things differently. freeports are a great example of that, areas with enhanced tax incentives, other support and easier customs processes mean you can attract investment, create jobs, and drive growth and it's a perfect example of our levelling up in practice. the chancellor, rishi sunak. human trials of another coronavirus vaccine begin aross the uk this week. pharmaceutical company janssen is looking to recruit 6,000 volunteers. it comes a week after a vaccine produced by pfizer was said to prevent 90% of people getting

covid—19. our medical editor, fergus walsh, reports. we already have one potentially successful coronavirus vaccine, a jab developed by pfizer and biontech appears to be 90% effective at preventing the disease. but it's not yet been approved and several vaccines will be needed if global demand is to be met. that's why vaccine trials are so important. 25,000 people are already taking part in vaccine studies in the uk but many more are needed. we don't know which vaccines are going to be right for which populations, which age groups, and which vaccines to give together. there's over 300,000 people signed up on the nhs registry, who might want to take part in vaccine trials and the people in the areas and regions around the vaccine centres, people in these locations will receive e—mails this week inviting them to look at the information about the study, to fill in a prequalifying

questionnaire if they wish to know more and then 6,000 people between those 17 sites will be invited to come and take part. for the janssen study, volunteers will receive two doses, two months apart. half of those on the trial will get a dummy jab. the 6,000 volunteers in the uk will be among 30,000 internationally. it could be six to nine months before we get results. the uk government has advance orders for six covid vaccines, including 30 million doses of the janssen jab. the nhs has been told to be ready to start immunisation from next month, should regulators improve any should regulators approve any vaccines for general use. fergus walsh, bbc news. dr philip short is a consultant respiratory physician at ninewells hospital — part of nhs tayside, which is leading the trial along with the university of dundee.

welcome, thank you very much for joining us. tell us, first of all, what has been... what the trials so far have indicated about this vaccine. good morning, thank you for the opportunity to speak today and we are delighted to be involved in the latest covid—19 study in the uk. it is the third to take place in the uk and we are the sole scottish site for it. evidence we have thus far is different responses to different viruses have been developed and this was important to look at a variety of models for developing vaccines to create a diversity of options. and this janssen vaccine is heading for the third stage of testing, which is the third stage of testing, which is the final part, effectively, of the testing in people? yes, so the janssen study is in stage three, so as we know it is a randomised control study of the drug versus

placebo and it is the last stage thatis placebo and it is the last stage that is required to be performed before looking at possible roll—out of the drug, is its main aim is to test the effectiveness against prevention of coronavirus and also its safety, and once that is achieved, much like other studies that are in placejust achieved, much like other studies that are in place just now, achieved, much like other studies that are in placejust now, then achieved, much like other studies that are in place just now, then the regulatory authorities can place licensing and then hopefully a vaccine will be allowed out in the near future. how can trials of a vaccine be effective in a country where there is social distancing in place? where lockdown is are in place? where lockdown is are in place and people wearing ppe as well in the workplace? ok, yes, so i think what we have seen u nfortu nately for recent think what we have seen unfortunately for recent months is there has been an increase in the number of coronavirus cases and that is what has resulted in the government measurements for lockdown, as you say, keeping people in the workplace and social distancing. unfortunately there is still a high number of background

rate of coronavirus and that is partly why the time is now that... these studies are designed in such a way as there is a potential u nfortu nately for way as there is a potential unfortunately for individuals to get a placebo but then to contract coronavirus, that is the whole point. so i am just coronavirus, that is the whole point. so i amjust wondering how the testing works for the individuals involved. abe told to effectively not follow social distancing and not wear ppe? no, sorry, essentially despite... has been no, there is enough of a background rate that inadvertently people can become exposed to the virus, so despite best practice there are still cases of coronavirus that are present, so i think the covid—19 vaccines are part of a plan to mitigate risk and reduce it and they are as important as social

distancing, but there is still enough of a background rate, despite social distancing, as we have seen. . . social distancing, as we have seen... sorry to interrupt, it's just because i'm not clear on this point and maybe i'm just being a bit obtuse about it... no, of course. obviously if a vaccine is to be effective, it is to be effective in an environment where they are close to each other and normal life is resumed. these trials are happening in very different circumstances and i'm not sure, i am in very different circumstances and i'm not sure, iam notan in very different circumstances and i'm not sure, i am not an expert, but i can't think of a previous situation where vaccine trials would have happened in this backdrop, where people are taking enormous ca re where people are taking enormous care to avoid getting infected. sure. so i think these studies are designed on basic parameters of how many patients they have to be working through models as to what the background would be, despite social distancing being in place, so of course social distancing is vitally important and the focus of todayis vitally important and the focus of today is the idea of will be vaccine trial be affected in the current

scenario? and that is what you are saying, so there is still a background rate of coronavirus and there are cases, despite safety procedures being in place and people are still at risk of that. there is still the ability for these studies to be powered and trialled and i think if you look at alternative studies, if you think about the options and styles that those trials have, the ones that initially took place in south america, where there was a higher rate of coronavirus in the background population, so these studies are happening over the winter because unfortunately we know that hospital admissions and coronavirus rates are going up, despite social distancing, which will hopefully be reduced, but there is enough of the vaccine for these studies to be successful and to be tried. we are seeing remarkable developments in the vaccine is coming through so quickly. we have obviously heard about the pfizer one, as you say, and there are ten

other vaccines at advanced stages, the janssen one amongst them. how remarkable is it? because we are obviously in a situation where there simply aren't vaccines or other things or sometimes where there are vaccines they have nothing like the efficacy rate that we have so far seen for the pfizer one. fourth flu, for instance, it is 30—60% effectiveness. so in terms of the development of vaccines, undoubtedly these have been done at a very fast pace, but especially looking at the established platforms on which these vaccines are being developed, especially the janssen and similar to the oxford study, which uses a modified virus from the common cold to adapt your body's response to covid—19, these are established technologies that have been in place, so yes, there is undoubtedly a regulatory programme push to try to produce these things as quickly as possible, but that is not at the

expense of safety, so this is why studies still take time and this is why today we are starting the study and won't complete until march of next year and properly won't publish the results for another six months. so these timelines are being put forward as quickly as possible, but not at the expense of safety for the general public. thank you very much, dr philip short. no problem thank you. the government is hoping to double the uk's daily coronavirus testing capacity by opening two new laboratories. known as "megalabs", the facilities are set to open early next year in scotland and leamington spa. they'll be able to process up to 600,000 tests per day. the latest data shows current capacity is 520,000, although the number actually processed each day is lower. as the prime minister is self—isolating, the health secretary matt hancock will host today's coronavirus briefing from downing street. we'll bring you that live from 4.30pm, on bbc one and here on the bbc news channel. the headlines on bbc news...

the uk prime minister is self—isolating after meeting an mp who's tested positive for coronavirus. borisjohnson says he has no symptoms, but says, "the rules are the rules". a major new vaccine trial gets under way in the uk — it uses a genetically modified common cold virus to train the immune system. the uk government is hoping to double the country's daily coronavirus testing capacity, by opening two new "megalabs". the head of the international olympic committee thomas bach says he is now very confident the tokyo olympics will go ahead next year on schedule and with spectators watching. mr bach was speaking after meeting with japanese prime minister yoshihide suga in tokyo. mr bach is on his first visit to the city since the olympics were postponed earlier this year because of the covid—19 pandemic. despite his optimism, the mood of the japanese public remains sceptical, especially about the prospect ofjapan opening its borders to hundreds of thousands of

olympic tourists. we are living in a dark tunnel and the olympic aims then nextjuly and the paralympic games next august, they can be the light at the end of this tunnel and we have good reasons to say this. but we have to understand that people who are feeling uncertain about their lives tomorrow, about their lives in one month from now, where they do not know which restrictions they may have to accept, what it will mean for them, that they also may feel some uncertainty about an event taking place in nine months from now.

talks between the uk and the eu to thrash out a post—brexit trade agreement have resumed in brussels this morning, with both sides calling for compromises to be made. so, where are we with the negotiations, as the deadline approaches? our reality check correspondent chris morris is here. any free trade deal agreed in the next few weeks won't be particularly ambitious. there hasn't been time for that. but even with fairly limited aims, negotiators are still struggling with some familiar themes. first, the level playing field. measures to ensure companies on one side don't have an unfair advantage over their competitors on the other. all trade agreements have them, but the eu wants the uk to stick particularly closely to its rules on things like workers' rights, environmental regulations and especially state aid, or financial support for businesses. the uk, on the other hand, says the whole point of brexit was to break free from following common rules.

second, fisheries — the eu is pushing for maximum access for its boats to continue fishing in uk waters. whereas british negotiators say the uk is now an independent coastal state and its boats will get priority. if there's no agreement on fishing, eu boats will lose out badly. but the uk won't get the access it wants to the eu single market, where it sells most of its fish and many other things besides. then there's the governance of any future agreement. that's partly about the overall structure of any deal, but also how a new agreement would be enforced and how disputes would be settled. another sensitive all issue — implementing the brexit withdrawal agreement signed last year, especially the protocol on northern ireland and the land border which now divides the uk from the eu. are the uk's internal market bill, which could override parts of the northern ireland protocol, has added to eu concerns that the uk may not live up to some of the commitments it's made. so, plenty of issues to resolve and it normally takes

years to do a trade deal. but this process only has a matter of weeks left. deadlines have already come and gone. any last—minute agreements still need to be added to hundreds of pages of legal text, translated into all eu languages, and ratified by parliaments on both sides before the end of next month. even with a deal, the uk's relationship with the eu will be very different outside the single market and the customs union. there will be far more bureaucracy for businesses that trade across the border, and free movement of people in both directions will come to an end. any agreement would do very little for the trade in services, but it would mean avoiding tariffs or taxes on goods crossing the border. is that enough to tip the balance? even at this very late stage, there are no guarantees. politicians on both sides need to make concessions on some pretty fundamental issues. but we should know more this week.

thank you very much. the supreme court will today begin hearing a test case to decide whether insurance companies should cover businesses for losses they incurred during the first uk—wide lockdown. thousands of firms believe they should receive pay—outs from their business interruption policies, but insurers argue that the products were never intended to cover such unprecedented restrictions. the ruling will have a bearing on 370,000 policyholders and more than £1 billion in potential payments. we can speak now to sian fisher — chief executive of the chartered insurance institute. welcome, thanks for joining welcome, thanks forjoining us. it is fairto welcome, thanks forjoining us. it is fair to say there is a huge amount riding on this and in the first case at the high court, actually thejudgment first case at the high court, actually the judgment backed the financial conduct authority in several aspects and it is the financial conduct authority that is taking this case on the behalf of the those who are insured. so this

isa the those who are insured. so this is a really important case and there we re is a really important case and there were a range of issues that were looked at in the original case and a number of issues that are going to be taken forward with this appeal. but the point is the importance of this case is to get a lot greater clarity for all of us on this range of insurance contract, so that we can move forward with them, and the financial conduct authority itself took this test case with the cooperation of the insurance companies because it is by far the quickest way to look at a whole range of issues in one go, rather than individual disputes taking may be months or even years to resolve. why is it not clear? because if somebody takes out a policy and they understand something about that policy and terms of what they

believe to be insured, and presumably the insurance companies are absolutely clear when they have given an insurance policy, but what they want to be insured, where does they want to be insured, where does the confusion arise? so firstly, no insurance company once its policies to be confusing and the fca provides a good framework for the design of insurance products, but when you write an insurance contract, you doing it in advance and you are trying to think of, you know, hundreds of different scenarios. obviously, insurers knew that a pandemic could be a large risk, but it is fairto pandemic could be a large risk, but it is fair to say that no one, even the government, expected, you know, a national lockdown and the things going on for months at a time. so although insurers take the risk that

the words in their contract may cover different things from what they expected, i think the unprecedented 200 billion situation here does explain why these individual policies don't refer to national lockdown more specifically. in the end, though, if businesses are interrupted by something beyond their control, is it not fair... is it unfairfor their control, is it not fair... is it unfair for businesses to assume that actually that is exactly the sort of thing that they took that insurance cover out for? well, these are the lessons that everybody will learn, now that we have had an actual pandemic over the last 12 months. insurers will need to learn the lessons on how they can be clearer in communicating their

languages and there are a number of initiatives already in train, there isa initiatives already in train, there is a transparency forum and also lloyd's of london is doing an initiative or driving challenge on simplifying insurance products, but we do have to remember that as a place for government to being clear here as well —— there is a place for the government. about what the governance of the nation is intending to provide in the future ona intending to provide in the future on a full package of insurance for businesses because itjust put this skill of loss in context, if you took the whole of lloyd's of london for a full beerfor x—ray took the whole of lloyd's of london for a full beer for x—ray risk that they insure, the total amount that they insure, the total amount that they would pay out would be around 20 billion in claims settlements, and as we know this unprecedented set of circumstances has already cost the economy around 200 billion,

so there is a need for both the insurers and the government to be clearer on what the support for businesses would be going forward. and there is actually... sorry, i was going to say, when you talk about those figures, obviously they are huge figures. if this case, and this is the supreme court, so this is the final stage of the legal action, isn't it? if it goes against the insurance companies, what with the insurance companies, what with the potential impact to be?” the insurance companies, what with the potential impact to be? i think it is important not to look at this as for or against in an adversarial sense. what the court is there to do is to give a dispassionate...” don't mean as in a fight, with a winner or loser. the fact is that it will result either in the insurance companies having to pay out or not having to pay out, so if they do end

up having to pay out, so if they do end up having to having to pay out, so if they do end ay having to pay out, so if they do end up having to pay out what with the impact be on those companies? yes, so insurers always face the risk. life is a risky business and insurance companies always face the risk that the way their policies are interpreted may be wider than what they had actually intended to give coverfor they had actually intended to give cover for originally they had actually intended to give coverfor originally and they had actually intended to give cover for originally and once those disputes are resolved then the insurance companies will stand behind whatever that legal interpretation of the supreme court is. will they have covered themselves? will they be able to cover these losses if they have to cover these losses if they have to cover them? this is something in the insurance market where insurance companies themselves have to work in cooperation with their own reinsurers, so all insurers buying reinsurance and that is why a case like this are so important because it brings everyone together to look at what the best solution from a legal perspective, what the best solution and outcome can be. sian fisher, from the chartered insurance institute, thank you very much for joining us. thank you. now it's time for a look at the weather with carole. hello again. after the wet and windy weather some

of us had at the weekend, today is going to be drier and brighter but there is still some further rain in the forecast. so, quite a bit of cloud around, some sunshine coming through that cloud, some scattered here and there, and the cloud building through the course of the afternoon ahead of this band of rain. wherever you are, it is going to be a blustery day but the strongest winds will be across the far north of scotland where we could have gusts of 50mph. through this evening and overnight, after a cold start, temperatures will rise as the cloud and rain push in across the north and the east, murky on western coasts and hills and these are our overnight lows, 9 to 1a celsius — they would be pretty good as maximum daytime temperatures at this time of year. some heavy rain, though, in the forecast for north—west scotland as we go through the course of tuesday, still this mild south—westerly wind and still a fair bit of cloud around with some showers, but in the shelter of the hills, we could hit 17 celsius, north—east wales and east pennines and also north—east scotland.

hello, this is bbc news. the headlines: the prime minister is self—isolating after meeting an mp who's tested positive for coronavirus. borisjohnson says he has no symptoms, but says "the rules are the rules" it actually doesn't matter that i've had the disease and am bursting with antibodies. we've got to interrupt the spread of the disease. it doesn't change the amount of work the prime minister will be able to do, driving forward

the agenda, at all. a major new vaccine trial gets under way in the uk — it uses a genetically modified common cold virus to train the immune system. the government is hoping to double the uk's daily coronavirus testing capacity, by opening two new "megalabs". a crucial week for brexit trade negotiations, with eu leaders hoping to sign off on a deal on thursday. the head of the international olympic committee says he's confident the postponed tokyo games will go ahead in front of spectators next year. and, taxi for space? the new era for extraterrestial travel as the spacex capsule heads into orbit. sport and for a full round up, from the bbc sport centre, here's holly hamilton. good morning. lewis hamilton has pledged to continue his fight for equality and sustainability within formula 1 after claiming his record breaking

seventh drivers' title. he won yesterday's turkish grand prix making him the most successful racing driver in history. hamilton has become a champion of anti—racism this year.. and says that's something he'll continue to fight. this year has been so much different. in the sense of fighting with something much bigger. yes, it's great, it's an amazing thing to see this trophy, but what does it all really mean? what is great? what we need to do, the thing we haven't won yet is we need to come together, we need to push for change, we need equality, we need more diversity within the industry. this year i've kind of channelled that fight into my driving and you are saying the best driving that i've ever done. from racing's number one to golf‘s — and newly crowend masters champion dustinjohnson said winning felt

likea dream. he produced a record breaking performance at augusta to finish on 20—under—par — the lowest score in masters history. he won by five shots, with rory mcilroy the best placed brit nine shots behind. so no stopping johnson, and as is tradition, he received the famous green jacket from last years champion tiger woods. it's a dream come true. as a kid, you always dreamed about being a masters champion. 0k! it's just incredible. obviously, as you can tell. you care so much, and you work so hard. it's just that not a lot of us get to see it. i've never had this much trouble gathering myself! it's ok! 0h... johnny sexton and robbie henshaw have been ruled out of ireland's autumn nations cup game

against england on saturday. both picked up injuries during the opening weekend of the contest. sexton's had a scan on a hamstring injury that he sustained in friday's win over wales. henshaw injured an abductor muscle in the same game. tributes have been made to one of england's goalkeeping greats, ray clemence, who died yesterday at the age of 72. clemence won three european cups and five first division titles with liverpool, before winning the fa cup with tottenham. here's former spurs boss harry redknapp. one of the all—time great. amazing, not only a great, great goalkeeper for liverpool, tottenham, england, but a great guy. i remember going to play a charity game and ray was there and i must be honest, he looked so ill. and i said ray, are you ok? he said he was ok. i can't let them down. and he was very ill

and he couldn't finish. i think he actually got taken to hospital that day. but he turned up because he'd given his word and he wouldn't let the charity down. that is a type of bloke ray was. he was a fantastic man. he was a fantastic man. england have failed to qualify for next october's nations league finals after a 2—0 defeat to the top ranked team in the world, belgium. leicester's youri tielemans opened the scoring before dries mertens found the back of the net from this free kick. the defeat is the tenth in 48 matches under gareth southgate for england, but there were some positives, notably the performance of aston villa's jack grealish. wales will top their nations league group — if they avoid defeat against finland on wednesday. david brooks' header was enough to beat the republic of ireland by a goal to nil. meanwhile northern ireland conceded two late goals away to austria. they'll now need to beat romania on wednesday if they're to have any hope of avoiding relegation from their group.

and scotland's nine—game unbeaten run ended with defeat in slovakia — that's all the sport for now. you can find more on all those stories on the bbc sport website. today marks the start of anti—bullying week and the publication of the largest annual survey of bullying and mental health by the charity, ditch the label. 111,000 12 to 18 year olds were asked about their experience of bullying. it found that that bullying has increased by 25% in the past 12 months. 1 in 4 have been physically attacked and 1 in 3 young people have been bullied online. the anti—bullying alliance says bullying is still a serious problem for children in spite of pandemic, with a third saying they have been bullied in the last six months. we're joined now by

martha evans, director of the anti—bullying alliance, and kirsty danks, who's now 23, but was bullied throughout primary school. welcome, both of you. thanks for joining us. matter, that sounds surprising that bullying has actually increased over the last year and that, in particular over the last six months. what can you tell it about what's been going on? our research shows that one in three children say they'd been bullied in the last six months, which is about the last six months, which is about the same as previous years, but what we found that the way they experience bullying has changed due to the pandemic. we have seen an increase in online bullying. bullying in schools do seem to be the most prevalent type they experience. are you surprised that it is continuing to increase? there is so much awareness around bullying down. schools are supposed to have, down. schools are supposed to have, do have zero tolerance policies but

yet still it happens. and we need to use anti—bullying week as an opportunity to raise the issue and talk to children about how we should treat each other both online and face—to—face. treat each other both online and face-to-face. kirsty, i said that you were bullied throughout primary school. that must have been really tough. tell us what you experience. iwas...| tough. tell us what you experience. iwas... i can tough. tell us what you experience. i was... i can remember being quite a confident child before i started school and comment started from about the age of four or five. i can memberthe about the age of four or five. i can member the first one, i can remember, your colouring in its very rubbish because you can't draw inside the lines. it is very ugly. in some children would just move on and think, i'm having a great time, i won't think about it and move on. but the comments grew and grew and grew throughout primary school. i can rememberthe grew throughout primary school. i can remember the worst one i ever received was, when i was seven or eight, this girl turned to me and

said, no offence or anything but you are just a little bit of fat. my goodness, a seven or eight—year—old child to hear this thrown at them out of nowhere, no provocation, that stuck with me, even now at 23. i still remember it and it is deeply ingrained in me. so at that age, how did it make you feel? did you have friends or where you quite lonely?” we nt friends or where you quite lonely?” went to a very small primary school with100 went to a very small primary school with 100 children in the whole school. so everybody knew everybody, classes were school. so everybody knew everybody, classes we re very school. so everybody knew everybody, classes were very small and to be honest i only had one or two people who i thought i would consider friends. there was never anyone really close at that time. no one that i felt i could really trust. out of that smokers have children. i did feel quite isolated and i was lucky to have such a wonderful family who would look out for me and

would always care for me unconditionally. going into that school knowing that there was not anyone friendship twice at school who would always support me, it was tough, it was a tough time. did you talk to adults about what was happening? yes, when i got to about year five or six i had an excellent class teacher who kept an eye on me and she really noticed that something wasn't right in the way i was being talked to by the children, the way i was interacting with other people. she did make an effort but there is only so much of that one teacher can do. they have so much on their plate and looked of the children to think about and even the small amount of time she did spent with me was so helpful in making me feel more comfortable in that environment. those comments obviously had an enormous impact on the little girl and the woman that you are now. some people might hear

comments like that and say, well, thatis comments like that and say, well, that is just kids being kids. comments like that and say, well, that isjust kids being kids. what would you say to people who might see it that way and might not actually understand about the impact of comments which some people might think of as pretty harmless? that the thing, people will say children can be cruel, they don't know the impact of what they're saying. and thatis impact of what they're saying. and that is true. they don't know the impact of what they are saying. that eight—year—old girl who said that i was fat didn't know that i would still think it years later and we would still have those problems in my line of thinking that would completely... and those children in the class wouldn't know that i still now have trouble making friendships because i don't know what's going on underneath the surface if someone was to turn round one day and say something unkind. and i would say to

adults who are saying these things happening, in the situation where they could step in to please do come a step in, take the time, even if it's once a week to check in with that child. ask what's been happening. how are they feeling emotionally? it can make a world of difference. it can make a lifetime of improvement to someone's self—confidence and self belief. matter, how do you teach children not to say things that they might not to say things that they might not understand the impact of? it's really important that we know what the differences between that word ba nter the differences between that word banter and bullying. so understanding the impact of the word, knowing when you cross the line and really listening to young people in school is really important. transparency is obviously really important because if kids who are being bullied don't speak up, the grown—ups can't know and they don't support them. how difficult is it for a child to speak up? it is

really difficult and we find children speak up a couple of times and then nothing happens. they stop telling us. and that's where the damage can really be done in terms of the severity of the impact in your adulthood. so we need to make sure that we listen to young people, ta ke sure that we listen to young people, take them seriously when we talk about it and understand bullying is not being a binary issue between one good party and one bad party and that actually there are people around that situation who can help and so we need to encourage by standards to speak up and really standing up so when they hear comments like that, they intervene and take you have a right not to have this happen to you. kirsty, it would be so nice to think that bullying would... it would disappear, people would grow out of eight. it is in every walk of life, everywhere. what do you think about the best ways of dealing with bullying? gosh, it's very tricky. as an adult woman i have friends now. i

have started working. i have my own life now and friends who i trust. but really being with bullying, and it does happen in all walks of life, it does happen in all walks of life, it can progress into adult workplaces. i think the main thing is to consider, the main messages to be always kind. always think about what may be a passing comment to you may be a joke, to someone else it could have a huge impact on them and could have a huge impact on them and could affect them for the rest of their life. there are things that still affects me to this day from primary school, a decade and a half ago. and to think that if we can teach children at an early age to just stop and think about how their words might impact on when and to show them that yes, it does carry

through peoples lives for some people, that would be a good first step. in really hammering it home from an early age about you need to be careful about what you say and how you say to people. thank you for joining us. thank you forjoining us. the government is hoping to double the uk's daily coronavirus testing capacity by opening two new laboratories. known as "megalabs", the facilities are set to open early next year in scotland and leamington spa. they'll be able to process up to 600,000 tests per day. the latest data shows current capacity is 520,000 — although the number actually processed each day is lower. i'm nowjoined by sarah stewart—brown who is a professor of public health at warwick university. (os at warwick university. thanks forjoining us. what do you think about at this stage, was there no way this could have been done sooner? i think that is unlikely. i

think these things take longer than we imagine they could. and i think they probably done it at the speed that was possible. it's sort of deeply reassuring for everybody at one level. but i think we have to bearin one level. but i think we have to bear in mind that it is an experiment. nobody has ever tried to control a pandemic in this way before with mass testing. and when you scale these things up, when you ta ke you scale these things up, when you take something that has been done at a smaller scale and try to do them ata a smaller scale and try to do them at a very large scale, it isn't simple. all sorts of things can happen along the way that you are not, that you weren't expecting to happen. and when you scale up testing. this test, the primary test was developed for people with symptoms to see whether they had covid—19 are not and we are planning to test huge volumes of people in

the general public who haven't got any symptoms in order to rule out and see if they could be safe to go and see if they could be safe to go and see if they could be safe to go and see their relatives, for example. and when you test on different populations, you get different populations, you get different statistics. and so i think it is reassuring. it is exciting this is happening, but there isn't a certainty about it. i think we have to expect that all sort of when expecting things could happen we could get unexpected side effect, unexpected downsides to this testing. what are you envisaging on that front? it doesn't work quite as well as we think it should it's the obvious one. and that is what happened with mass testing early on. we could get the test results but the tracing system wasn't happening. not as well as it should. the actual technology can prove to be slightly

more tricky than people think it is. could or is the laboratory testing a nyway could or is the laboratory testing anyway being outpaced by technological developments in that we now have these new rapid tests that don't need to be processed in laboratories? that is definitely one possibility. my understanding is the liverpool lab is testing using various different tests, two of which need to be done in labs and one could be done just like a pregnancy test by people. but these other two tests we know much less about them. we've been using the pcr test since right from the beginning of the pandemic. how much faith do you have in the testing? we are in a situation where people can be tested

but a negative test actually isn't enough to resume normal life and some people say they get tested and then they get a different result. obviously, there are false positives and false negatives in the testing. this is really important that everybody knows this, that there is no such thing as an absolutely certain test. but they are a lot better than nothing. so if we believe the results of the test, you are much more likely to get it right thenif are much more likely to get it right then if you aren't tested at all. so they are not perfect but i do think there is another side effect to both this and this promise of a new vaccine that is coming in, is that hopefully they are going to help. they are not going to be perfect, but if everybody gets the feeling that this is going to help and both of them together could well see the end of the pandemic, we would see as

people breathing out of people feeling there is an end in sight, people coming down and all that in itself, even before we get testing or vaccinating, all of that is going to bring benefit because part of the problem with this pandemic is the huge number of ways in which people two fear levels have been heightened the impact of that on the body's capacity to resist the virus or be resilient. so i think those two things together will help people just breathe out and feel, and be more able to go about their business ina way more able to go about their business in a way that is safe and careful and doing what they need to do. thank you very much forjoining us. thank you very much forjoining us. thank you. four astronauts are heading towards the international space station,

after a successful rocket launch from cape canaveral in florida. it's nasa's first fully—fledged mission using a privately—owned craft. the spacex capsule will act as a taxi service in the coming years. our science correspondent victoria gill has more. a spectacular show exploration milestone. not even gravity contains humanity when we explore is one for all! the launch of this spacex dragon capsule with it four group marks a new era, one in which the us space agency buys seats for its astronauts on the privately owned spacecraft. the space shuttle tied almost a decade ago was the last craft that was certified to fly nasa astronauts from american soil. but now the agency will work in partnership with spacex, taking crew to and from the international space station. that is inside crew dragon

right now. now coasting into low earth orbit. sunday's lodge is a combination of years of design and testing. —— launch. the demonstration flight back in may was a test the world was watching. spacex are successfully transported two astronauts of the space station and brought them home safely. there are four people on this first fully operationalflight are four people on this first fully operational flight nasa astronaut michael hopkins... they will bring the number of crew and the international space station to seven. nasa says this will triple the amount of microgravity research that can be done. there are over 250 experiments to take place on the international space station at any one time and they are in all sorts of different areas. a lot of the research done is involved in medicines and in helping to understand how the human body works. it isa understand how the human body works. it is a truly international endeavour and the countries coming

together is what we need in a human exploration. this group will spend about six months in space, looking back on earth is the crisis of the pandemic continues to in full. they have called the ship resilience. they have called the ship resilience. a study says time spent playing video games with other people online can enhance well—being. the research has been carried out by oxford university in collaboration with two of the world's biggest gaming companies. professor andrew przybylski — the director of research at the oxford internet institute who led the study, said he was surprised by the results. we spoke to him earlier. we were actually very surprised because there's about 20 years of research that suggests that when you ask players how much do you play and then you ask them how they feel, those two factors are negatively correlated with each other, negatively associated. so when we thought we would look at objective

data from gaming companies and combine that with how players said they felt, we were expecting another negative. the positive was truly surprising. you can think of it is a puzzle. we collected one half of the information by asking players about their lives, their experiences, their lives, their experiences, their well—being. and the gaming companies collected information about how much time players were up to when they play. it puts those two pieces of information together and then analyses it in a way that either i as a researcher or day is a video game company can control the outcome. a british diplomat has been hailed as a ‘hero' after diving into a river in china to save the life of a drowning student. stephen ellison, who is the consul—general in chongqing saw the student slip into the deep water. footage from onlookers shows the woman struggle in the fast—moving water. mr ellison swam her back towards the riverbank

where passersby pulled the woman to saftey with a life buoy. he said the student, from wuhan was shaken by the experience and recovering slowly. now it's time for a look at the weather with carole. hello again. for much of this week, it's going to be unseasonably mild, except for thursday, when it is going to turn much colder. there will be a significant wind chill, but it will be short lived because on friday we see a return to milder conditions. today, though, dry and brighter weather is coming our way compared to the weekend, but there is more rain in the forecast and that is courtesy of an area of low pressure with its fronts coming in from the south—west through the course of the afternoon. one look at this chart with all those isobars tells you it is going to be a blustery day. the strongest winds will be across the north of scotland, here we could have gusts of 50mph. so we still have some spots of rain here and there but equally some sunshine coming through this morning's cloud, but the cloud will continue to build from the west ahead of this band of rain arriving through the course of the afternoon. temperatures ranging from nine in lerwick to highs of 13 in st helier.

through this evening and overnight, it will be a cold start in the north—east of scotland, but as the cloud and rain push steadily northwards and eastwards, you will find the temperatures here will go up. still a blustery night in prospect, murky, particularly in the western hills and a temperature range 9 to about 13 or 1a celsius. these temperatures would be good by day at this time of year, in fact, there is not a huge amount of difference by night and day for some. into tuesday, we still have our first weather front with the second one coming in hot on its heels, still an array of isobars, so still it is going to be a blustery day. the wind coming in from the south—west, so, it's also going to be mild. if you are in the shelter of the hills in north—east wales, east of the pennines, north—east scotland, you could hit 17 celsius. this rain will be heavy and persistent. up to about 75 millimetres could fall through the course of 2a hours, twice that on the hills. temperatures generally 10 to about 15. as we head into wednesday,

this weather front starts to sink southwards and, as it does so, it allows some cooler air to follow in behind. ridge of high pressure settles things down temporarily on thursday but it is on thursday that it will be cold. you can see the milder air during the course of wednesday, but colder air following in. thursday cold with a significant wind chill, also some wintriness on some of the hills but by the time we get to the weekend, things will be brighter. so, the rain crosses us all on wednesday and then something brighter with some sunshine comes our way on thursday.

this is bbc news. the headlines: successful trials of another coronavirus vaccine, this time made by the us firm moderna, have found it to be 9a.5% effective at stopping symptoms of the disease. this vaccine works by triggering immunity. it's been tested on more than 30,000 people and would require two doses, four weeks apart. now that we know the vaccine works, we have to get busy at work manufacturing and distributing it, but clearly an important milestone and a great milestone for us as a company and hopefully for us more generally as we fight this pandemic. the prime minister is self—isolating after meeting an mp who's tested positive for coronavirus. borisjohnson says he has no symptoms, but says, "the rules are the rules." it actually doesn't matter that i've

had the disease and am bursting with antibodies. we've got to interrupt the spread of the disease. a crucial week for brexit trade negotiations, with eu leaders hoping to sign off on a draft deal on thursday. a bbc investigation uncovers evidence of an underground network in kenya that snatches babies from their mothers and sells them for a profit. three. . .two. ..one. . .zero. ignition. and coming up. . .taxi for space? the new era for extraterrestial travel as the spacex capsule heads into orbit.

breaking news this hour, the latest trials suggest a second coronavirus vaccine is highly effective at preventing covid— 19. the vaccine made by moderna uses mrna to trigger immunity, similar to the pfizer/biontech jab that announced positive results last week, suggesting this approach is a winner. interim results from the phase three trial with the moderna jab shows the vaccine is 9a.5% effective at stopping infections. the trial is ongoing and involves more than 30,000 people, including high risk groups such as elderly and black, asian and ethnic minority adults. the vaccine requires two doses four weeks apart. the uk has not pre—ordered stocks of this vaccine, but the us has. moderna expects to have 20 million doses ready by the end of the year. dr stephen hoge is the company's president. obviously we are thrilled. this has

been a long year for many of us and for our company it has been a long, ha rd for our company it has been a long, hard slog to get to the point where we now have clear evidence of the efficacy of the vaccine to prevent covid—19 disease. there was a moment of pretty intense relief. it has been a long, hard drive, as i said, but that quickly passed and after about a minute it became a realisation that now that we know the vaccine works we have to get busy to work, manufacturing it and distributing it, but clearly an important milestone and a great milestone for us as a company and hopefully for us more generally as we fight this pandemic. just give me a global perspective in terms of the importance of these results and just what it would mean for the world and how exciting it would was to be in the room when you got the results. yeah, when we got the news from the moderna safety board, i admit i broke character and grinned air to airfora minute broke character and grinned air to airfor a minute because i didn't expect and i don't think any of us

really expected that the vaccine would be 94% accurate at preventing covid—19 disease. that was a stunning realisation. but the second thing that was perhaps more exciting was that it was 100% apparently at preventing severe covid—19 disease. there were 11 cases of severe disease, but all 11 were on placebo and none of them had been given the vaccine. those combinations of vaccines means this really is a significant tool and hopefully stopping this worst of the disease people are facing. when you combine it with the news last week of pfizer's vaccine, you now have two vaccines are pfizer's vaccine, you now have two vaccines are over pfizer's vaccine, you now have two vaccines are over 90% effective, and it really means i think we have the tools necessary to finally beat this virus back. i think that is probably the best news of the day for all of us the best news of the day for all of us is that there really are now solutions in our hands and we need to deliver them to people who need to deliver them to people who need to use them. that was dr stephen hoge, the boss of the company that has developed this second vaccine

now but has done so well in this third stage tests, is talking to fergus walsh. we can speak to our health correspondent, michelle roberts. this is an extraordinary result, this won even more effective than the pfizer vaccine, it seems. both are doing really well. the pfizer one was 90%, this one is 94.5%, which isn't a huge difference between the two on the ground, it doesn't separate them apart that much, they are both very effective, based on these preliminary findings. obviously we need the full term data to know that that will keep bearing out as we get more and more people who have had this vaccine and the important question is when can i get one? i guess that is what people wa nt to one? i guess that is what people want to know. the uk hasn't pre—ordered this vaccine, but the government says it is talking with moderna. they are looking at how it might get hold of some stocks and we know that the pfizer jab, might get hold of some stocks and we know that the pfizerjab, the other one that is very similar and uses this mrna technology, we do have

some stocks about coming soon, as long as the approval goes ahead and the regulators are happy that this is safe and effective enough. so back to that question that you said everybody is going to be asking, when can i get one, what are the a nswe rs when can i get one, what are the answers on that and just remind us of the criteria that the government has decided for rolling out vaccines when they do come through. so we need the end results of these trials. these are still ongoing, so inafew trials. these are still ongoing, so in a few weeks' time companies think they might have enough data to convince regulators that they should give it the green light. if that happens, and some doses could come out before christmas. it is not the mass vaccination that we are after. certainly, that is going to take time and initially the highest priority groups will be those who are at most clinical need, so extreme elderly, over 85 is, people living in care homes, and health ca re living in care homes, and health care workers will be part of that first wave. thank you very much,

michelle roberts. professor trudie lang runs the global health network at the university of oxford. welcome, thank you very much for joining us. so now the two vaccines looking very effective in those last stages of testing. what is your reaction to this latest news about moderna? yeah, it is remarkable actually. i have worked on the malaria and tb vaccine trials over the years and been a one of these data review committees for the ebola vaccine and we have not seen anything like this before, so having data from two different vaccines with the same diff technology on, two different trials, but showing the same outcomes, is really exciting and i think it obviously supports what we learnt last week from pfizer and just reassures us on many aspects about the efficacy, and is also the safety of this new technology. you referred obviously to illnesses for which there is no vaccine. what is it that has made

the difference this time around? because obviously there has been a global effort in a way that we just haven't seen before. is it bad? is that so many brains, so much money focused? or are some things just a lwa ys focused? or are some things just always going to be unfixable? well, we do have a malaria vaccine coming through, but you are exactly right, the reason why we are in such a good situation with covid—19 is we have just had this enormous collaboration and global focus and just had this enormous collaboration and globalfocus and impact just had this enormous collaboration and global focus and impact we just had this enormous collaboration and globalfocus and impact we did learn a lot. the work that has happened, say, on the ebola vaccine, where there are also vaccines in trials, a lot of the collaborations and scientific learning around those has been taken forward into this, which is why we are where we are today. but it is absolutely that collaboration and that last effort. we don't usually have the fortunate situation of having such a pipeline, so we have got these two mrna vaccine strain now and there are other technologies hopefully coming

through and it would be a fantastic position to be and to have maybe three orfour different position to be and to have maybe three or four different vaccines that come through over the next coming weeks and months after can maybe even do slightly different jobs, but certainly assure supply around the world. is it important that people form themselves about what the different vaccines are and what the different vaccines are and what they do? because whether people will be given a choice is probably not likely, actually, but they will be different things out there and people might decide that they would like to have a view on what they take. so i think we need to just wait and see what the data shows us. with the data that has come out today, it says it is the same technology that came out last week from pfizer, so those two vaccines work in exactly the same way, but we don't fully know yet what sort of protection these vaccines are going to give, whether they are going to prevent illness and stop transmission or both and it could be that some of the vaccines that come along later do a slightly different

job, so until we really have a full understanding of that, which we went over the next coming months, then they health authorities can make a decision on which vaccine to use in most appropriately in different situations. but it is quite interesting for people to obviously understand the different technologies, but broadly they are all delivering a piece of the vaccine protein. these vaccines we are hearing about this week work by telling the body to make those pieces of protein that the immune system then responds to, so ultimately they all do a similar job, it isjust ultimately they all do a similar job, it is just they ultimately they all do a similar job, it isjust they might ultimately they all do a similar job, it is just they might do that in... the different ways they do it might elicit different immune responses and so maybe only need a booster or work as i say on preventing infection, but also preventing infection, but also preventing transmission. good to talk to you, professor trudie lang, thank you so much forjoining us. the chancellor, rishi sunak, has said that the government is continuing with, "business

as usual", despite the prime minister being told to self—isolate by the nhs test and trace system. borisjohnson says he was "pinged", as he put it, because of a meeting he had last week with conservative mp lee anderson, who's since tested positive for covid—19. four other tory mps are now self—isolating. mrjohnson said in a video message that he "felt great" and was "bursting with antibodies" after having the virus earlier this year. but the order to stay at home for another ten days has come at a crucial time for the prime minister, as he tries to move on from the sudden departure of two of his closest advisers and enters an important week on brexit negotiations. this was borisjohnson's announcement on twitter. the good news is that nhs test and trace is working ever more efficiently. the bad news is that they pinged me and i've got to self—isolate because somebody i was in contact with a few days ago has developed covid and it doesn't matter that we were all doing social distancing, it doesn't matter that i am fit as a butcher's dog,

feel great, as so many people do in my circumstances, and actually it doesn't matter that i have had the disease and i am bursting with antibodies, we have got to interrupt the spread of the disease and one of the ways we can do that now is by self—isolating for 1h days when you get contacted by nhs test and trace. let's talk to our political correspondent, helen catt, who's in westminster. he is sounding very upbeat about it, helen, but not what they would have wanted, obviously? not at all, last week in downing street was a pretty choppy week, ending with the departure of two a borisjohnson's most senior advisers, so this week, ten had hoped would be a chance for borisjohnson to research, makes a big announcement, do some big things and really reinforce the priorities of his government, so they organised for example a meeting with northern conservative mps today, the

publication of a ten point plan for what they call a green industrial revolution, so what ministers have said though is that those things can still go ahead through things like zoom meetings. rishi sunak said this morning that it was going to be business as usual. here is what the health secretary, matt hancock, had to say. well, it doesn't change the amount of work the prime minister will be able to do driving forward the agenda, at all. the wonders of video conferencing mean that you can be incredibly effective even when self—isolating if you are in the sort ofjob where you can do that, where you can communicate. in fact, i would say probably the majority of my meetings with the prime minister are over video conference. of course, i see him as well, and you can be really effective that way. but what of course it means is that they can't have borisjohnson out there in front and centre heading up these policies and it is going to have to be other ministers that do

that instead. matt hancock will be leading the news conference in downing street later. yes, we will have full coverage here and on bbc one as well and also coming up we are going to be bringing you coverage of nicola sturgeon's daily news briefing. that is on the bbc news channel and we will say goodbye if you are on bbc two. see you soon. the headlines on bbc news... successful trials of another coronavirus vaccine, this time made by the us firm moderna, have found it to be 9a.5% effective at stopping symptoms of the disease. the prime minister is self—isolating after meeting an mp who's tested positive for coronavirus. borisjohnson says he has no symptoms, but says "the rules are the rules." a crucial week for brexit trade negotiations, with eu leaders hoping to sign off on a deal on thursday. the government is hoping to double the uk's daily coronavirus testing capacity by opening two new laboratories.

known as "megalabs", the facilities are set to open early next year in scotland and leamington spa. they'll be able to process up to 600,000 tests per day. the latest data shows current capacity is 520,000 — although the number actually processed each day is lower. as the prime minister is self—isolating, the health secretary matt hancock will host today's coronavirus briefing from downing street. we'll bring you that live in a special programme from a.30pm on bbc one and here on the bbc news channel. and this afternoon we'll be answering your questions joining my colleague, ben brown, will be infectious disease specialist, peter drobac and public health expert, oksana pyzik.

you can send in your questions by tweeting to the hashtag bbc your questions or by emailing yourquestions@bbc. co. uk. that's coming up at 4.15pm right here on bbc news. let's cross to edinburgh now where the first minister is giving a briefing... the statistics for today as usual. the statistics for today as usual. the total number of positive cases put reported yesterday was 717. that represents 8.3% of the total number of tests carried out and means that the total number of confirmed cases is now 82,011. i should say that although we often see a slightly lower of cases reported after a weekend, today's figure is nevertheless still lower than we would have expected to be, so we are looking to see whether there are any other reason that might be at because of that and if that is the case we will obviously update you as appropriate. 220 of the new cases we re appropriate. 220 of the new cases were in greater glasgow and clyde, 136 in lanarkshire and 101 in

lothian, and there are many cases where because nine of the other health board areas. i can confirm that one 1270 people are in hospital, a decrease of 19 from yesterday and 28 people are in intensive care, to fewer than yesterday. i unfortunately have to report that an additional six deaths have been registered in the past 2a hours of patients who first tested positive over the previous 28 days. again, i would positive over the previous 28 days. again, iwould remind positive over the previous 28 days. again, i would remind you that registration offices tend to be closed at weekends, so the figures we report four deaths on sundays and mondays can be artificially low as a result. however, 36 deaths were reported on saturday and taking account of the six that have been reported in the past 2a hours, the total now stands at 3286. my condolences, once again, go to all those who have lost a loved one. i am joined today by the health secretary and the chief medical

officer. before i hand over to the health secretary and then the three of us taking questions, there are three issues that i want to briefly update you on. the first relates to some additional support that we are providing for care homes. we have confirmed funding today that will help to provide every care home in scotla nd help to provide every care home in scotland with one or two ipads. this will enable more than 11100 care homes to help their residents stay connected with family and friends, while visiting remains restricted. it will also help clinicians, such as gps or speech and language therapists, with remote consultations when that is necessary. that will allow them to assess residents' health conditions without always needing to visit them in person. i should stress, and i really do want to make this point very strongly, the ipads are not intended to be a substitute for personal visit to care homes. we know and understand how vital in—person visits are, both for residents and for their family members. for that reason, we are

currently finalising plans to ensure that routine visits from designated visitors can take place as safely as possible, as we have indicated before these plans will include regular testing of care home visitors and the health secretary will set out further details soon, probably in a statement to parliament next week. however, this funding will give care home residents an additional way of keeping in touch with family and friends and of receiving expert clinical advice. the second point i would like to highlight relates to our plans to develop regional testing hubs to further increase nhs scotland's testing capacity. we said before that nhs scotland is currently developing three new testing hubs, in aberdeen, edinburgh and glasgow. there was some press speculation over the weekend about possible delays to these hubs, so i wa nt to ta ke possible delays to these hubs, so i want to take the opportunity today to stress that all three of them are on track to open before the end of

this year, and as we speak building work is being carried out and recruitment is taking place. these will enable nhs scotland to process a further 22,000 tests a day and of course they form an important part of our plans to increase daily testing capacity for scotland overall to at least 65,000 by the end of the year. and amongst other things, these hubs will be able then to ensure that the nhs in scotland processes all of our routine care home testing, which will help to ensure that we get these test results back as quickly as possible. these efforts to increase capacity within nhs scotland are, of course, in addition to and entirely compatible with the ongoing work led by the uk government to increase uk wide testing capacity. we have now very much welcome the announcement today that the uk plans to establish a major new testing laboratory in scotla nd a major new testing laboratory in scotland early next year, which might be able to handle up to

300,000 tests per day from across the uk. we are working constructively with the uk government in order to help with the establishment of that laboratory. now, the final issue that i want to highlight today is that we will confirm the outcome of our weekly review of covid—19 levels of restriction tomorrow. as i have mentioned before, one of the issues we are looking at very closely is whether current restrictions are reducing covid—19 rates quickly enoughin reducing covid—19 rates quickly enough in some areas, particularly in parts of the west of scotland. these areas that have stable, but still stubbornly prevalence of the virus. a stubbornly high prevalence causes us concern for a virus. a stubbornly high prevalence causes us concern for a number of reasons, two in particular that i wa nt to reasons, two in particular that i want to highlight just reasons, two in particular that i want to highlightjust now. firstly, it means that we don't have enough assurance or as much assurance as we would want to have that our hospital

and intensive care services are able to cope as we go deeper into the winter. we know that winter always brings additional pressures on the nhs and ensuring that it can cope with those pressures as well as covid—19 is absolutely crucial. and thatis covid—19 is absolutely crucial. and that is why regional hospital and intensive care capacity are important factors in our decision—making when we consider what of restrictions will be assigned to each area. the second reason i want to highlight is this one. stubbornly high prevalence meanings that we might have less flexibility to offer some limited and careful easing of restrictions over the christmas period, which we are very keen to do and i am sure all of you are very keen for us to do as well. so moving to level four restrictions for a limited period in some areas, while not a decision we will ever take likely because of the wider economic and social impacts, would help us to address both of

these concerns. more generally, and this is something we should all bear in mind at any level of restrictions, especially as we all get more and more fed up of them, is that every time we stop someone, especially someone who is older or more vulnerable, becoming infected with covid—19, we give them a chance of living into the era which is now firmly on the horizon, are better therapies, vaccines, testing and treatments, where they will be available, and i think that motivation will be for all of us as we are living under these restrictions right now is important to bear in mind. the end is not quite with us, but we can see hope ofa quite with us, but we can see hope of a rise in now that perhaps we couldn't just a few weeks of a rise in now that perhaps we couldn'tjust a few weeks ago. so theseissues couldn'tjust a few weeks ago. so these issues are ones we are currently considering very closely, especially in relation to lanarkshire, glasgow and some surrounding parts of the west of scotland. the government's final decision will be taken by the cabinet tomorrow morning and then i will set that up to parliament tomorrow afternoon. however, and

finally, it remains the case that all of us have a part to play in suppressing the virus to the lowest possible level and that means sticking to both the letter and the spirit of the rules and guidance in place in your area at any given time. every time one of us breaches these rules tries to put our own twist on them, tempting though i know that is, we do put others at risk and we undermine the overall effectiveness of what we are seeking to do. so let me close byjust reminding everybody what is being asked of all of us right now stop if you live in a level three area, please don't travel outside your local authority unless for in essential purpose. if you live elsewhere in scotland, please do not travel into and level three area, u nless travel into and level three area, unless it is essential and please don't travel and outside scotland just now, unless it is essential. you can find what we mean by essential on the scottish government website, but i'm talking about

things like childcare or looking after a vulnerable person or if you have to travel a short distance for essential shopping that is not available in your local area. secondly, unless you live in orkney, shetland all the western isles, please do not visit each other‘s houses just now. except for purposes like childcare or looking after a vulnerable person stop when we are meeting people from other households, outdoors or in a cafe, for example, stick to the limit of six people from a maximum of two households. avoid car sharing if you possibly can. work from home when you can and if you can, download the project scotland app. finally, remember to apply the rules encapsulated in the advice because it is basic, but really important stuff to try to minimise the risks of transmitting the virus, so remember to wearface of transmitting the virus, so remember to wear face coverings when you're out and about. avoid credit

places, clean any hard surfaces that you are touching, keep cheap metres distance if you are outdoors or in a cafe and self—isolate and get tested if you have any of the symptoms of covid—19. these rules to help us to protect ourselves, they help us to keep our loved one say, to help us to protect our wider community, to protect the nhs, which is so important and also ultimately they help us collectively save lives, so thanks again to everyone who is working so hard to make sure that these rules are adhered to. i'm going to hand over now tojean freeman, the health secretary, and then she, gregor and freeman, the health secretary, and then she, gregorand i freeman, the health secretary, and then she, gregor and i will take questions, as usual. thanks, first minister. as you know, in the first phase of the pandemic, we continued to treat urgent trauma patients, but we paused a great deal of health care. that was a very difficult, but at the time necessary decision, which are no left many people waiting longer for the elective care than they or we would want. now, as

we continue to deal with covid—19 cases in our hospitals and the nicu, we are working to maintain as much non—covid—19 health care as we safely can. that is inevitably affected by the differing levels of the virus across the country, so we have to give our clinical teams the flexibility to manage the demands on them in the current emergency situation and we have to give patients clarity about what they can expect. so with leadership from our deputy chief medical officer and senior clinical representation, we have developed a national framework for the clinical prioritisation of elective care and today we are publishing that framework. the framework gives our nhs boards clear guidance for clinically prioritising ca re guidance for clinically prioritising care which then determines the timeframe within which patients will be seen and treated, making sure that those with the greatest

clinical need are treated quickest. using the framework will also ensure that patients are giving a clear and realistic expectation of when they will receive their treatment and we will receive their treatment and we will take steps to make sure that patients receive clear and timely plans for their procedures. we want to help patients as quickly as possible. right now, our nhs is to balance being able to do that, alongside responding to the hospital and nicu see you admissions covid—19 cases. clinically prioritising patient cases for planned procedures is the safest and fairest way of making sure that those with the greatest clinical need are treated quickest. thank you. thanks, jeane freeman. we will move straight to questions, firstly, gordon, from stv. thank you, we have spoken this morning to the leader of east dunbartonshire council, who is

concerned about the potential economic impact if the area went into tier4, but economic impact if the area went into tier 4, but interestingly also said his view was that if tier 4 was required, it should have happened weeks ago. now, given that you have said the figures for much of the we st of said the figures for much of the west of scotland are stubbornly high, but there is some merit to that argument, isn't there? and could you also give us an indication, if you can, of how wide an area is under consideration for tier4? there an area is under consideration for tier 4? there have an area is under consideration for tier4? there have been an area is under consideration for tier 4? there have been some reports it could be up to 12 councils. these are always carefuljudgment that we have to reach. i may be corrected if i'm wrong here, so i apologise in advance if i am. i am not aware that east dunbartonshire council has been making their case to the scottish government directly over the past few weeks, that they should be moved to level four, but if i'm wrong about that i apologise. we tried to assign levels, based on the extent

of restrictions that we think are required, taking account of the prevalence, the test positivity, the pressure on nhs resources and of course the direction of travel and actually, just as a reflection, i think most of the criticism that has been made of the scottish government in recent weeks has been that we are applying restrictions that are too onerous, not that we are not applying restrictions that are onerous enough. now, people are perfectly entitled to question and scrutinise, so you'll always get opinions from both directions and you know, the job opinions from both directions and you know, thejob of government, which is not an easyjob at the moment is not one that any of us relish, but it is our responsibility to try to balance all of these factors and take a decision. in terms of the economic and social impact, of course we are all concerned about that, which is why we don't take decisions about increasing restrictions and certainly not going to the level for

deterioration restrictions likely. —— the tier 4 restrictions likely. but we also have to recognise that i understand why people think that if we don't have restrictions to control the virus then the economy will be fine. it doesn't work that way because if we don't control the virus then the damage to the economy will actually be worse, but as part of any of course we will set out the ongoing economic and business support that we will make available. finally, in terms of potential geographic scope, as i said, we will be considering the latest later afternoon and cabinet will take a decision tomorrow morning and then i will set out to parliament, but we are talking the west of scotland in particular and in the areas that have... that gives us, i suppose, most concern, not because they are deteriorating because their positions are actually quite stable, but because they are not reducing sufficiently, would be the council

areas within the greater glasgow and clyde health board, possibly with the exception of inverclyde, and north and south lanarkshire, and i don't think that will come as any surprise. clearly, there are some other councils around that, ayrshire, for example, west lothian, may be at the other side, we are looking at, but perhaps not as clear—cut case there, but these will be decisions that we are considering over the course of today. and i will set out the reasons why. if we do ta ke set out the reasons why. if we do take the decision to put any areas into level four, that would be taken and we will continue to try to be as proportionate as possible. the final point to make, and again, let me preface this by saying we have not taken any decisions, we will also be looking to see if there are any parts of the country that should go down a level, where prevalence of the virus has fallen sufficiently and we are satisfied enough about the sustainability of that. so this

is not, i know it feels like it at the moment, but it is not a one—way street. we don't want it to be seen asa street. we don't want it to be seen as a one—way street. we want to be giving as much consideration to whether we can ease restrictions in a particular area as we give to whether we need to tighten them up. you want to add anything, gregor? we have seen encouraging signs of... of we have seen encouraging signs of... of progress we have made across different areas. when we look at the data that we analyse, the r letter number has reduced. that is real progress. growth rate is between —4% and plus 1% now. so the actions of people have ta ken, and plus 1% now. so the actions of people have taken, particularly in areas of concentrated disease activity, have led us to make progress, but we can't get away from

the fact that progress has slowed significantly in some areas and if we we re significantly in some areas and if we were to believe that unchecked, there is a possibility that we will see a re—emergence of this as we get into the winter. and that might have greater effect and accelerate as we approach the deeper winter period and when people are more likely to come together indoors. we believe that daily news briefing live from edinburgh. nicola sturgeon was echoing what we heard there, talking about very stubborn cupboard —— covid—19 covid—19 great. she said she is very keen to raise restrictions over christmas. she is also announced that every care home in scotland will receive one or two ipads to help relatives keep in touch with friends and family while restrictions are in place. a second

cobit vaccine has been shown to be highly effective following interim results from testing. the results indicate it is 94.5 effective, even more effective than the pfizer vaccine we learned about last week. this is the head of the vaccine centre. welcome, thank you for joining us. what is your reaction to the news of the moderna vaccine?m is another exciting day and after the race for the development of the vaccine we now have two, we are now seeing results coming in fast and furious from the efficacy trial can only be welcome. again, these are some preliminary results but the efficacy data that has been presented by moderna gives us confidence in the technology that has been applied here and that is a

major breakthrough and a boost of confidence for vaccines going forward in general. talking about this vaccine in particular, it is a vaccine that is similar to the pfizer vaccine and that the results are fairly compatible and look excellent. but we don't know yet is if the vaccine can prevent serious illness and how long it might prevent transmission. but great news again today. just as we all get to grips with the new technology around these new vaccines, because there is different methods being deployed by different methods being deployed by different teams of researchers, this is mrna. just explain again how this works. it's the same as the pfizer isn't there? yes, the idea is to inject the instructions for the building blocks of the spike protein and then the cells of our own body

make the protein that comes from the virus without being infectious and then our own immune system sees that as the target to make antibodies. so thatis as the target to make antibodies. so that is the difference is that we literally can send the instructions to the cells. today, the prime minister is self isolating for 14 days, another ten days from the start of it having come into contact with someone who was tested positive. he has had covid—19. he said he is bursting with antibodies and the protocol is nonetheless that we still have to isolate because of the possibility of getting it twice. how does that sit with what we are learning from these vaccines? nobody knows at the moment... the first... this is something we are learning

day by day. following patients who had covid—19 and we need to see what happens to their immune responses. it is not just happens to their immune responses. it is notjust about happens to their immune responses. it is not just about antibodies, happens to their immune responses. it is notjust about antibodies, it is also about t cells and we trust in the fact that memory is laid down for vaccination in our immune systems and that memory can be immobilised when we need the real thing. that is the whole principle of giving a vaccine and we trust that works and to some degree it will also work by natural infection, but we can't tell if one is better than the other at this point. on the confidence issue, polling indicates people are, some people are nervous. do you understand the reasons for people being nervous? what would you say about that? yes, there is an interesting dynamic because everyone

wa nted interesting dynamic because everyone wanted to see a vaccine as quickly as possible and now that has come through, they think if it is being made so quickly that kaunas must have been cut. it is important to understand that the number of individuals in these massive trials is actually equivalent to the individual numbers that would have been rolled out had things taken much longer time. so ultimately, it is really up to the regulators to decide whether vaccines are fit for purpose. they are independent from academia and they really have a very busy job. .. academia and they really have a very busyjob... they will be the ultimate voice. and i think vaccines have an incredibly fantastic safety record and of course we need to see the full doses of safety, we need to follow out patients are participants for a much longer time to really be standing here saying that risk is

nil. it is never dealt. it's a situation where are talking about eight risk ratio and unbalanced the trials have been done vigorously and the results have been subjected to... the efficacy of these vaccines is incredibly high. 94.5% for the moderna vaccine. they are being trialled in an environment which is not normal, where there is social distancing, people are wearing ppe. is there any chance are all that might be having an impact? the fact that the readout for these vaccines is actually the occurrence of cases means that the people who are these cases have not been socially distancing, were not wearing ppe. it is more a question of the amount of people we need to win role in the trial because you need to get those covid—19 positive cases to figure out whether the vaccine had actually

worked. out of the 95 cases they have, i think 90 were not vaccinated, so that is a really high percentage. they can deduct the efficacy. so if you do these trials in countries where there is literally no covid—19 any more, the number of people you have to win role in the child is even bigger. so these trials, the moderna trials we re these trials, the moderna trials were all done in the us where there is still a lot of circulation of the virus. they don't have indications for the efficacy. thank you very much forjoining us. pleasure. a year long investigation by bbc africa eye has uncovered damning evidence of a thriving underground network in kenya that snatches babies from their mothers and sells them for a profit. the secretive and highly lucrative trade preys on the country's most vulnerable, stealing children from homeless mothers. njeri mwangi reports.

an estimated 60,000 children live on the streets of nairobi. they have become prime targets for child rebecca has been homeless for years. herfirstborn child was stolen from her as she slept, and has never been seen since. we were approached by an informant, who claimed to know an active child trafficker targeting homeless mothers. she agreed to speak, on condition that we hide her identity. there is this girl. her name is anita. she has been stealing kids and selling them. our contact has managed to convince anita that she wants in on the baby trafficking business. at great risk, she agrees to go undercover.

anita calls our informant to a meeting. to her horror, she finds that anita has just stolen a baby. anita claims she has a buyer lined up who is prepared to pay around $450 us. in a desperate attempt to stop herfrom selling the child, our informant tells her she knows a buyer who is willing to pay over $700. a child's life is in immediate danger, so we reported the case to the police, who agreed to try to arrest anita. i pose as the buyer and meet anita in downtown nairobi. to my dismay, there was no sign of the baby.

anita agreed to return with a child later that day. anita never returns. we heard she sold the baby to a higher bidder. anita has disappeared into the shadows and never responds to to allegations. the police are still looking for her. tonight thousands of children with sleep on the streets of nairobi.

talks between the uk and the eu to thrash out a post brexit trade agreement have resumed in brussels this morning, with both sides calling for compromises to be made. so where are we with the negotiations — as the deadline approaches? our reality check correspondent chris morris explains. any free trade deal agreed will be particularly ambitious. there hasn't been time. even with very limited aims negotiators are still struggling with some familiar themes. first, the level playing field. measures to ensure that companies and once i don't have an unfair advantage over their competitors on the other. all trade agreements have them but the eu wa nts agreements have them but the eu wants the uk to stick particularly to closely to its rules on things like work rights, environmental regulations and state aid or financial support for businesses. the uk on the other hand says the whole point of brexit was to break free from following common rules. second, the trees. the eu was

pushing for maximum access for its boats to continue fishing in uk waters where those british negotiators say the uk is now the independent coastal state and its boats will get priority. if there is no agreement on fishing, ego bugs will lose out badly but the uk won't get the access it once to the eu markets where it sells most of its fish and many other things besides. then there is the governance of any future agreement. that is partly about the overall structure of any deal but also how a new agreement would be enforced and how disputes will be settled. and of the sensitive issue, implementing the brexit withdrawal agreement, signed last year, especially the protocol in northern ireland and the land border which now divides the uk from the eu. the uk's internal market bill which could override parts of the northern ireland protocol was added to eu concerns of the uk may not live up to some of its commitments. so plenty of issues to resolve. it normally takes years to doa

resolve. it normally takes years to do a trade deal but this process only as a matter of weeks left. deadlines have already come and gone and any last minute agreement need to be hundreds of pages of legal text and translated into all eu languages and ratified by parliament on both sides before the end of next month. even with a deal, the uk's relationship with the eu will be very different outside the single market in the customs union. there will be far more bureaucracy businesses to trade across the border and free movement of people in both directions will come to an end. any agreement would do very little for the trading services but it would mean avoiding tariffs, taxes on goods crossing the border. it is acting up to tip the balance? well, at this late stage there are no guarantees. politicians on both sides need to make concessions on some pretty fundamental issues. but we make know more before the end of this week. four astronauts are heading towards

the international space station, chris morris. after a successful rocket launch from cape canaveral in florida. it's nasa's first fully—fledged mission using a privately—owned craft. the spacex capsule will act as a taxi service in the coming years. our science correspondent victoria gill has more. three, two, one, zero. ignition. a spectacular show, and a space exploration milestone. and resilience rises. not even gravity contains humanity when we explore as one for all. the launch of this spacex dragon capsule with its four crew marks a new era, one in which the us space agency buys seats for its astronauts on privately—owned spacecraft. the space shuttle, retired almost a decade ago, was the last craft that was certified to fly nasa astronauts from american soil, but now the agency will work in partnership with spacex, taking crew to and from the international space station.

that's inside crew dragon right now. our crew—1 crew now coasting in low earth orbits... sunday's launch is the culmination of years of design and testing, but the demonstration flight back in may was the test that the world was watching, as spacex successfully transported two astronauts to the space station and brought them home safely. the four people on this first fully operational flight, nasa astronauts michael hopkins, victor glover and shannon walker, and the japanese space agency astronaut soichi noguchi, will bring the number of crew on the international space station to seven. nasa says this will triple the amount of microgravity research that can be done. there are over 250 experiments that take place on the international space station at any one time, and they are in all sorts of different areas. a lot of the research done is involved in medicines, and in helping to understand how

the human body works. it's a truly international endeavour, and countries coming together is what we need in human exploration. this group will spend about six months in space, looking back on earth as the crisis of the pandemic continues to unfold. and in a nod to a mission accomplished during this most turbulent of years, they've called their ship resilience. victoria gill, bbc news. the first of five original films by multi award—winning film—maker, steve mcqueen, was broadcast last night on bbc one. set from the late 1960s to the mid—1980s, each film tells a story about london's west indian community, and the rampant racism and discrimination people faced. in this report, which contains offensive language — the bbc‘s amanda kirton hears from two former uk black power activists who were at the heart of events, on how it felt to be on the brink of a

revolution of change. black power, what does it really mean? the coming together of black people to fight for the liberation by any means necessary. these were all great movements for us at the time. this is really our inspiration. they articulated all our desires, all our dreams, all our feelings, and that is why we were attracted to them. there was a lot of hostility to immigrants and immigration. some organisations would like to see all coloured people sent back to their home countries. keep britain britain, keep it white, as it should be. even when i went to school, you would hear it in the classroom, "miss, miss, this isn't fair, why are all these

immigrants coming here? they are coming to take my dad'sjob," etc. my mother was english and i was surrounded really by white people so i was quite isolated and lonely. i came to britain on a scholarship to cambridge university. it was when i came to london looking for a room to stay that i suddenly got a jolt. they really did say, "we don't want you here." a lot of white people did not want black people as their neighbours and they certainly didn't want them in their houses. apart from facing this kind of racism from landlords, one would go to pubs and they would pretend that you were not there, that you were an invisible person. serious clashes between the police and immigrants highlighting the growing conflict between the two up and down the country.

the policing of black communities was very, very brutal. we, as we grew up, began to resist and want better for ourselves. a black man is not given a chance to get a position where he has any sort of power. he is not given a chance in society to play any part at all. i knew what was going on and i wanted to be part of something so ijoined the black unity and freedom party. at weekends, black panther badges are proudly worn on the streets of london. there was a feeling that the world was going to be changed. the black panther movement spoke about who we were and why we were here. i thought these people are sensible, i want to join them. this was something that we had to do. the real revolutionaries are ready to fight by any means necessary for the liberation of our people. the militancy of the panthers was very, very attractive to us. their demands, we could identify with those demands without any problem at all. we all produced newspapers.

we would go to brixton, stand outside the reggae shop and sell the newspapers there. 13 died, 26 were injured. i am ringing up to confirm about the cultures coming down from huddersfield. how many are coming? we were active in all aspects of our communities, just trying to develop and move forward the black community in this country. when we were going around, black people were still called coloured. what we did and what we've changed was introduce the term black and being proud. we were not victims in british society, we were out to make our own change, and you can see that today. black lives matter!

the movement itself has given me an optimism. i don't think the detail of the black power movement of the ‘70s and early ‘80s is known really by and large in the population because it isn't taught in schools, because it isn't part of the discussion in the media to any great extent so now is our time really to say this is what we did, this is how we did it and if there is anything you can learn from that then that is good enough for us. later this week, briefly, we will get a taste of something much colder. but for the next couple of days it is going to be mild. however, quite cloudy. a lot of cloud streaming in from the atla ntic lot of cloud streaming in from the atlantic and has had to count up, we will find outbreaks of rain. coming in from the west on that with a front this evening and then that second weather front get strung out in western scotland over the next few days and bring some heavy rain and threat of flooding. after a decent enough day, a patchy rain this evening. overnight it gets very

wet in the highlands. patchy drizzle in western hills. a lot of cloud overnight. these are temperatures by the end of the night. very mild started tuesday. 12 to 14 degrees. by started tuesday. 12 to 14 degrees. by this stage we will have a stronger south—westerly wind to punch a few holes in the cloud where we have shelter from the hills. pretty cloudy on wednesday. drizzle here and there. more rain in western parts of scotland. that will continue to add up bringing increasing risk of flooding as well. very mild day. temperatures widely 15 or 16 degrees. it could be higher where there are decent breaks in the cloud. the weather will the next few days tropical air comes our way, hence the high temperatures. look what happens by the time we get into thursday. by then we have a northerly wind so it will feel much colder. wednesday is mark the transition day. we have low pressure, weather fronts, transition day. we have low pressure, weatherfronts, the wettest weather will be in scotland.

light and patchy rain pushing its way eastwards across england and wales and ahead of that temperatures start to drop away from the west during the afternoon. but the colder air is yet to arrive. we still have that area of low pressure. it will ta ke wet that area of low pressure. it will take wet and increasingly windy weather across the uk on wednesday. snow in northern parts of scotland and by this stage in the morning the windiest weather down those north sea coast. there will be sunshine, some showers. in the afternoon the showers become fewer and there will be more sunshine and wind struck. but it will feel a lot colder, especially in the wind. 7 degrees in the central belt of scotland and a high of nine celsius in east anglia.

another breakthrough in the battle against coronavirus — a vaccine which data suggests is nearly 95% effective. after these trials in the united states — its makers moderna describe the discovery as a crucial milestone. i broke into an ear—to—ear grin when i had the numbers. —— heard. it really exceeded our best hopes. and it is an incredibly exciting moment for us as a company, and the world, as we start to develop tools to fight the virus. well, the markets have reacted positively. we'll be assessing this latest bit of good news with our medical editor. also this lunchtime. on a day he hoped to "reframe" his premiership after days of in—fighting — boris johnson is instead self—isolating in downing street. it doesn't matter that i am as fit as a butcher's dog,