this is bbc news, with the latest headlines for viewers in the uk and around the world. i'm maryam moshiri. georgia's governor holds back from formalising the state's victory for biden, saying he's concerned about irregularities revealed by the recount. we demand complete explanations for all discrepancies identified so that our citizens will have complete confidence in our elections. pfizer asks regulators around the world for emergency approval of its coronavirus vaccine. we'll look at the challenges of getting it around the globe. here in the uk, the prime minister gives his full support to the home secretary, priti patel, despite an inquiry upholding claims she bullied her staff.

in the first round in the libel legal battle between the footballers' wives, rebekah vardy is 1—0 up against colleen rooney. the secretary of state for georgia has certified joe biden as the winner of the election in the state after a recount. it's another blow to donald trump's attempts to overturn the results of the election, which he claims — without evidence — was rigged against him. but in the last few hours, the state's governor has said he was highly concerned by the amount of irregularities in the counting of the ballots and that it was up to him to formalise any results. earlier today, secretary raffensperger presented

the certified results of the 2020 general election to my office. following judge grimberg's ruling yesterday, state law now requires the governor's office to formalise the certification, which paves the way forthe trump campaign to pursue other legal options in a separate recount if they choose. i'm joined now by nomia iqbal in washington. interesting there what brian kemp was saying, especially given the secretary of state for georgia has certified joe biden as the clear winner after a hand recount. that's right. georgia has been going back and forth a little bit and they had certified earlier in the day, than they retracted, and now as you say, they have certified thatjoe biden is the winner. the hand recount, the 5 million presidential votes, was done as a more of a kind of risk minimising audit, but as you mentioned there, the secretary of state, brad raffensperger,

he's been in the news quite a bit. he reviewed pressure and been put on him by topper publicans been put on him by topper publica ns to try —— top republicans to disqualify... he came out and said, look, i am disappointed, iama said, look, i am disappointed, i am a republican, but the results are the results. i imagine comfortable have a recount, because he can, that is his right to do so. the weight works that joe is his right to do so. the weight works thatjoe biden is ahead by asserting out of votes, it falls within that margin were donald trump can demand a recount. we expect them to do so. and michigan legislators, in the meantime, have been at the white house talking to the president. what is it this presidents try to do with michigan? he wants michigan to be declared for him, and he is hanging onto the fa ct him, and he is hanging onto the fact that michigan has not confirmed its state—wide votes, so we are confirmed its state—wide votes, so we are still waiting for

michigan to come through, and as you mentioned there, you've got the republican senators there that had been at the white house and we don't know full details what has been said, but the trump campaign has been openly floating this idea of the electors declaring it for idea of the electors declaring itfor him. idea of the electors declaring it for him. it is quite a complicated process which i probably do not have enough time to explain, but of course the president is decided by the electoral college system, it all comes down to the electors declaring the result for the winner of that state, and it donald trump a treggs over that process. legally, idon‘t donald trump a treggs over that process. legally, i don't think is possible. i think there are moral obligations of it as well, but he is, this is about donald trump trying to undermine the election results. even today at his press compass cannot and said, i won the election, i got more than 73 million votes. of course, joe biden got many more votes. the tally is coming up to about 80 million. but it is not stopping donald trump. we have also

heard he is inviting the idea of inviting pennsylvania legislators to the white house, presumably to try and put pressure on them too. 0k, nomia, as always, thank you very much for explaining that in detail. nomia iqbal in washington. the world could be a step closer to a usable covid—i9 vaccine, after the drugs company pfizer and its partner biontech filed for emergency authorisation of their vaccine in the us and countries around the globe. if approved, it will begin to be rolled out from next month. 0ur north america business correspondent michelle fleury told me more about the next steps. i think these are unprecedented times, and we've seen the development of a vaccine take place in a much more compressed timeline than historically has been the case. having got through that phase where you have developed the vaccine and the test results are showing positive signs, the next hurdle in the process is that regulatory approval, and what we see now is pfizer

regulatory approval, and what we're seeing is pfizer going to regulators around the world, trying to get permission. in the us, it is called emergency use — in other words, when a drug has not properly been fully tested, there are conditions under which it can gain approval to be used. and that's what it's doing in america. it's also doing that in the eu, we understand it is trying to do that in the uk. they're in talks with regulators around the world because, clearly, this is going to be in huge demand not just here in america where i am but obviously globally. everybody will be keen to get their hands on this as soon as it gets through the necessary hurdles that we are talking about today. timeline wise, if it does surpass those hurdles and gets through, what are we talking about in terms of timings for rolling the vaccine out, not only in the us but also globally? what's fascinating is, if you listen to what these companies are saying, they've come out and say that

within hours of approval, they can have vaccines ready to go. that is a huge achievement if it's true, given the scale and the demand that we're talking about. we are talking about several hundred million being delivered here in the us, i believe the eu has an agreement for a similar sort of delivery, the uk — they have agreements with japan. the idea is this all gets rolled out, you have to think about it's not just the approvals process that we're talking about today. there's the manufacturing, the distribution — how do you get it into the right places? this is a logistical, as well as a medicine and science, breakthrough that we are talking about here. that's michelle fleury there. as well as pfizer, the last fortnight has also seen promising announcements by the scientists working on the vaccines at oxford and moderna. but how do they work? 0ur health correspondent james gallagher explains.

vaccines are being developed at unprecedented speed — ten years of work has been condensed into around ten months. more than 200 vaccines are being researched, and the most advanced are starting to produce results. so, how do they work? well, first of all, i want to point out something on the coronavirus itself. this is known as the spike protein and that is what most vaccines are training your body to attack. now, there are broadly four different approaches being used to make coronavirus vaccines. the first kills or inactivates the coronavirus and then injects it into people. this triggers the immune response, but without causing an infection. the second approach takes the spike proteins from the coronavirus and just injects that. these are tried and trusted methods of making vaccines, but they are slow to get up and running.

a faster and more experimental style of vaccine takes a common cold virus. it is genetically modified to stop it causing an infection, and then again, to give it the blueprints for making the spike protein from the coronavirus. this is the technique being pioneered by the university of oxford, so you'll have heard about that in the news a lot in the past week. now, the final approach is quite new. part of the genetic code, here, of the coronavirus is injected into patients. once there, it starts making copies of that spike protein, which the body learns to react to. this is how pfizer and moderna have developed their potent vaccines. and to be honest, we need all of these techniques at the moment because we still do not know which will prove to be best. that's such a clear explanation james. paul duprex, a virologist and the director of the centre for vaccine research at the university of pittsburgh in the us,

explains what makes the pfizer vaccine so different. yes, maryam, that was a beautiful explanation of the four big buckets of vaccines. let's just focus on that pfizer one, the one that we covered last. and what you're doing in that developmental approach to vaccines is you're not using the lab to make the proteins, you're using the person to make the proteins. and that spike protein is the key protein which, again, the report discussed that these antibodies that protect us from the disease are developed against. so the rna makes the protein and the protein is recognised by the immune system and the antibodies are made, so that's a fundamentally different way. never before have we made and got through regulatory approval, let alone manufactured and distributed, an rna vaccine. that, of course, makes it quite unique in the way that it's been made. do you think it's being pushed too quickly?

do you think it needs more time given that this method is so new, that it is untried, really, in reality? well, you have to remember that we're just harnessing the body to do what the body does. so instead of thinking about rna outside of the body, you need to think that every single cell in your body makes rna all the time, so we're just taking advantage, or the vaccine developer, pfizer, are just taking advantage of what happens in cells normally. you must remember that there are a4,000 individuals who have been participating in that phase three trial. and those a4,000 individuals, 30,000 of them have been tracked for at least two months after the second dose. that would be historically when vaccines side effects crop up. so, in the early stages, of course we have the adverse effects — it's a little bit sore at the injection site — but we do not see any severe safety concerns. and that's good news for the

emergency use authorisation. in fact, the fda will be looking at thousands of pages of data to make sure that they do not, even with emergency use, approve something which is not safe. california is to impose a nightly curfew from saturday to combat a new surge in coronavirus transmissions. governor gavin newsom said the measure is crucial to slow down the rate of hospitalisations. sophie long reports. open". cali. open". as a raft of new measures restricting people's freedom comes into effect, there are jeers from people who have little to cheer. the aim is to stop the surge. but some feel the wrong targets are being hit. right now, you can go to a strip club — an indoor strip club — but you can't go to church indoors.

across almost all of california, a new curfew. all restaurants, bars and non—essential businesses must close by 10pm, but those responsible for doing so say it'll be impossible to police. if we're the ones enforcing it, we're not involved in the making of the plans or anything, no, it's not going to work. those plans are dead on arrival, unfortunately. all the time, the economic impact of the closures continues to take its toll. use of food banks has more than doubled here. everything is out of whack, it's depressing. although i'm handicapped, i still like to be able to move. it's difficult. i've never seen this. and i've been all around the united states of america, i've never seen nothing like this. janet nguyen has spent her whole working life at what disney calls "the happiest place on earth". she, like tens of thousands of disney employees, has been out of work for eight months.

every day gets harder. it's been rough. since i had a good job with disney, it helped me keep afloat and take care of everything that i needed. right now, with not having a job makes it difficult. there is little sign of happiness here now. even hope is getting hard to find. in hospitals, where there has been no let up, exhausted medical workers once again worry about being overwhelmed as admissions surge. also surging dramatically is the demand for testing. at dodger stadium in los angeles, cars are queueing in every direction, prompting pleas for people getting tested ahead of the holiday to hold off. the message is now to stay at home. and if you're not displaying symptoms, you shouldn't need testing because you shouldn't be socialising. as people wait for tests, a dramatic rollback of california's reopening is taking place. and there are warnings of even tighter restrictions if the case count continues

to climb here. sophie long, bbc news, los angeles. the eldest son of president trump has tested positive for coronavirus. in a statement, a spokesman said donald trump jr, who is 42, had been diagnosed at the start of the week and had been quarantining at his cabin since receiving his test result. do stay with us on bbc news. still to come: the legacy of nuremburg. 75 years on, we remember the world's first international war crimes trial of the leaders of nazi germany.

benazir bhutto has claimed victory in pakistan's general election, and she's asked pakistan's president to name her as prime minister. jackson's been released on bail of $3 million after turning himself in to police in santa barbara. it was the biggest demonstration so far of the fast—growing european anti—nuclear movement. the south african government has announced that it's opening the country's remaining whites—only beaches to people of all races. this will lead to a black majority government in this country and the destruction of the white civilisation. part of the centuries—old windsor castle, one of the queen's residences, has been consumed by fire for much of the day. 150 firemen have been battling the blaze, which has caused millions of pounds' worth of damage.

this is bbc news. the main story this hour: georgia's governor holds back from formalising the state's victory for president—elect biden, saying he's concerned about irregularities revealed by the recount. the british government has lost another senior civil servant, after boris johnson disregarded his report into bullying in the home office. mrjohnson has cleared his home secretary, priti patel, despite a report finding that she had sworn and shouted at her staff. 0ur deputy political editor vicki young reports. he's standing by her. boris johnson's taken months to give his verdict on the home secretary's behaviour, which an independent report described as "bullying." priti patel shouted and swore at staff, but the prime minister's judged she didn't break ministerial rules. i asked her what she thought about the criticisms in the report. are you a bully? i'm here to give an unreserved apology today, and i am sorry

if i have upset people in any way whatsoever. that was completely unintentional. i'll be very candid, the work that i do here, in this department and across government, is deeply challenging so, if i have upset people, that has been completely unintentional. that was not my intention. the prime minister's adviser on ministerial standards found that the home secretary... despite these findings from sir alex allan, the prime minister has the final say and has disagreed. sir alex has resigned. in overruling his independent adviser, the prime minister has made a huge political decision.

downing street points to what they call mitigating circumstances, the fact that no one mentioned the home secretary's behaviour to her at the time and that she's apologised. ms patel‘s friends think she's been the victim of snobbery and sexism. but some of this has been contradicted by sir philip rutnam. he resigned in february as the most senior civil servant at the home office. reporter: how much confidence do you have in the inquiry? in a statement today, he said he wasn't asked to give evidence and says he did repeatedly advise ms patel that she needed to treat staff with respect. his former department has also been criticised for being inflexible and unsupportive, but the home secretary says the culture has now changed. at the time, it says this in the report, that issues were not pointed out to me, we were not being supported in our work, but this is a challenging department. people listening will think

you're making excuses, and actually there is no excuse for somebody in a senior position treating others badly. there are no excuses. i'm absolutely giving an unreserved, fulsome apology today. i cannot be any clearer about that whatsoever. but labour say priti patel should resign or be sacked. the prime minister has said he loathes bullying and yet today, he has comprehensively failed a test of his leadership, when he's had a report on his desk precisely on that issue. sir alex allan couldn't have been clearer, that the home secretary has not consistently met the high standards of the ministerial code. hanging onto priti patel will be a popular decision with conservative party members, but it will bring mrjohnson more political pain. that's vicki young reporting there. it's 75 years since the surviving leaders of nazi germany went on trial at nuremberg. they stood accused of the

deaths of millions of people. fergal keane reports on the legacy of the world's first international war crimes trial. newsreel: attention. tribunal. judges from britain, america... it was a trial of crimes that defied the imagination. nazi leaders faced a court that established the principle of internationaljustice. 75 years later, we have been hearing from some of those who have lived in the long shadow of nuremberg. newsreel: vengeance is not our goal, nor do we seek merely a just retribution. my name is ben ferencz. i am the sole surviving prosecutor from the nuremberg war crimes trials. ben ferencz was a soldier

and lawyer and he wasjewish. but, for him, seeing justice done meant leaving all personal feelings aside. i was able to turn myself into a robot. newsreel: frank was a willing and known participant in the use of terrorism in poland. among the notorious defendants was hans frank, governor of occupied poland, seen here in sunglasses. 4 million died under his rule. his son niklas, pictured with his father as a child of the nazi elite, long ago

denounced hans frank. really, i think my father had deserved the death penalty — for one reason — that he should himself experience the same death fear which he distributed about hundreds of thousands of innocent people. so many deaths to account for. ida bach was ten years old when she was murdered. she'd left her sister while in hiding in order to return to her mother. they perished in auschwitz. she would have been alive, my sister, if she had come with me, but she left my hand. that, i felt guilty all the time. when they put those german leaders on trial at nuremberg, did you feel any sense of satisfaction? no, it was notjustice for me, not at all. how many were hanged? for me, it was too good

to be hanged after what they've done, you know? nuremberg was the beginning but the story at its heart, of massacred minorities, of intolerance, stains humanity still. fergal keane, bbc news. round one of the legal battle between media personalities and footballers' wives rebekah vardy and coleen rooney has come to an end. ajudge has ruled that mrs rooney "clearly identified" mrs vardy when she made allegations against her about social media stories being leaked in tabloid newspapers. their disagreement broke out in october 2019, when coleen rooney attempted to find out who was behind fake stories about her by putting out false information, which she claims could only have been seen by rebecca vardy. david silito reports. david sillito reports. coleen rooney, rebekah vardy — both famous for being married to premier league footballers,

both with high—profile celebrity careers. and the issue — who was leaking stories about coleen rooney to the papers? she had a suspicion and set up an instagram account with some fake stories, and limited access to just one other account — rebekah va rdy‘s account. rebekah vardy says she didn't leak anything, and began legal proceedings. and so, at the high court today, the lawyers gathered for round one of vardy versus rooney. this was, of course, only a preliminary hearing to decide if that post was directly pointing the finger at rebekah vardy and rebekah vardy alone. thejudge decided it was, and so a victory for rebekah vardy and, for coleen rooney, a cost of £22,913.50. the law is a costly business. and coleen rooney and rebekah vardy are being given a couple of months to see if they can resolve this and avoid a high court libel battle.

david sillito, bbc news. that's it from me. thank you so much for watching. bye—bye. hello there. on friday, we saw temperatures slowly rising as milder air came in from the atlantic together with a lot of cloud. but over this weekend, it's cooler air that's going to return across the uk, with temperatures set to drop a bit. now, we've seen the milder air come in thanks to south—westerly winds bringing in that cloud. this strip of cloud here is a weather front. that's producing the rain that we are seeing at the moment and it's moving very slowly southwards. now, that weather front will take the rain southwards. as it does so, the rain becomes light and patchy, but it pushes away the milder air steadily through the weekend, with cooler air then following from the north. and that's going to bring in some showers, mainly for scotland and from northern ireland. but we start the weekend with mild air across england and wales. it's colder in northern scotland early on saturday morning.

it's windy here as well. and then we've got our band of rain on that weather front. that rain will soon move away from southern scotland, northern ireland, heading into northern england in the morning, and then down through wales, into the north midlands later on in the day. to the south of that, generally dry. a lot of cloud but a hint of sunshine now and again. it's quite mild air still here, so temperatures 13 degrees. further north, it's getting colder through the day. there will be some sunshine, but those showers could be quite heavy and blustery as well because it's going to be quite a windy day, especially for northern scotland, where we're looking at gales, gusts of 70 miles an hour for a while in the northern isles. now, through saturday evening and saturday night, that band of cloud and rain — becoming light and patchy — heads down to southern england. elsewhere, we'll see clearing skies away from those showers continuing mainly in scotland. and the winds will gradually ease as well, so it points to a colder night. temperatures could be easily down to four or 5 degrees. but across southern parts of england, south of the ma, mainly, we could be left with a fair bit of cloud on sunday, a little rain now and again, but on the whole,

generally dry. further north, more in the way of sunshine. we keep some showers going across northern ireland, in particular into scotland. again, they could be quite heavy, and it's going to be a cooler day, i think, for many places. temperatures are going to struggle to make double figures. but it won't be as windy on sunday. now, looking ahead into the early part of next week, and the wind direction changing back to more of a south—westerly, a little bit milder, but we've got weather fronts on the scene as well. they're going to bring cloud and rain. it looks like the wettest weather through monday, and into tuesday, will be across more northern and western parts of the uk.

this is bbc news.

the headlines: the governor of the state of georgia says the final say on formalising the state's recounted election votes lies with him. brian kemp says he's concerned about irregularities revealed by the count. it comes as the state's secretary signed off on the results which confirmed joe biden as the winner there. the world could be a step closer to a covid—i9 vaccine, after the drugs company pfizer and its partner biontech filed for emergency authorisation in the us and other countries around the globe. if approved, it will begin to be rolled out from next month. here in the uk, the prime minister gives his full support to the home secretary, priti patel, despite an inquiry upholding claims against her of bullying. the move's forced boris johnson's adviser on ministerial conduct to resign. ms patel says she's sorry if she upset anyone.